Family roles and their distribution. Family roles What is the role of the family in the process of change

• The reproduction of the population includes not only the birth of a child, but also his upbringing, the preparation of a full-fledged member of society, capable of performing the necessary functions that ensure the social development of society.

• A single complex system of population reproduction, which ensures the birth of a healthy child and the upbringing of a healthy generation, determines the main content of the level of reproductive health.

• The level of reproductive health of each individual and society as a whole affects the reproduction of the population in our country, determines the demographic situation and has a significant, if not the main, significance for the state of national security.

HISTORICAL FACTS

• HISTORICAL FACTS

The best minds of Russia connected its future with the growth of the population and with the development of its high spiritual and creative qualities. D. I. Mendeleev, based on demographic indicators early XIX c., determined the probable population Russian Empire in 2000 to 594.3 million people. However, the revolution of 1917 and the fratricidal Civil War, collectivization, Great Patriotic War 1941-1945, as well as the collapse of the USSR, made significant adjustments to this forecast. Population Russian Federation as of January 1, 2006, it amounted to 142.7 million people.

Statistics

• Statistics

In the Russian Federation, since 1992, there has been a tendency to reduce the population, which is observed at the present time. The main reason for this situation is the natural population decline due to the excess of deaths over the number of births. Thus, as of January 1, 2006, the country's population decreased by 5.5 million people compared to 1996.

The life expectancy of the Russian population remains low. In 1994, it was 57.7 years for men and 71.3 years for women. According to long-term forecasts, it remains close to this level (thus, for men born in 2005, the average life expectancy will be 58.9 years, for women - 72.4 years). For comparison: the average life expectancy for citizens of the United States and England is 75 years, Canada - 76, Sweden - 78, Japan - 79.

• According to the State Statistics Committee of Russia

• Providing sustainable motivation for a person to create a prosperous family and educate a personal model of a good family man.

• The degree of responsibility of parents and the state for the upbringing of children, their receipt of the necessary education, their state of health, physical and mental, spiritual and moral development.

Statistics

• Statistics

Since 1990, the number of marriages concluded annually in Russia has been declining. In 1990, there were 8.9 marriages per 1,000 people; in 2005, this number was 7.5. As marriages declined, the number of divorces increased. And it cannot be said that there has recently been a sharp downward trend in this indicator. In 1990, they were recorded at 3.8 per 1000 people, and in 2003 - 5.5, in 2005 - 4.2.

In 1994, 1090.6 thousand marriages and 680.5 thousand divorces were registered in the country, in 2003 - respectively 1091.8 thousand marriages and 798.8 thousand divorces, in 2005 - 1066.4 thousand marriages and 604.9 thousand divorces. The number of children in a situation of dissolved marriages is constantly increasing. In addition, the number of children born to women who are not in a registered marriage is constantly growing. In 2005, the number of such children was 437,075.

• According to the State Statistics Committee of Russia

• In the Message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation in 2006, special emphasis is placed on increasing the birth rate and strengthening state support for families with children, on developing a mechanism to reduce the number of children in residential institutions.

• The current federal target program "Children of Russia" for 2007-2010 was adopted, which is designed to provide an integrated approach to creating favorable conditions for improving the life and health of children, to solving the problems of families with children.

• In conclusion, we note that the preservation and strengthening of the health of the younger generation is an important task in order to improve the national security of Russia.

• What impact does the state of reproductive health of a person and society have on the national security of Russia?

• What is the role of the family in the process of generational change?

• What influence does the activity of the state and parents have in the upbringing and development of the younger generation?

• What is the importance for the national security of Russia of the ability of each person to lead a healthy lifestyle, maintain and strengthen their health?

The purpose of the lesson: To systematize students' knowledge about reproductive health as a single component of human health and society. Show the role and importance of the family in promoting reproductive health and providing national security Russia.

Time: 1 hour.

Lesson type: combined.

DURING THE CLASSES

Organizing time.

Repetition of the material covered.

1. Conversation on:

- Why healthy lifestyle life is an individual system of human behavior?

- What is the importance of a healthy lifestyle in shaping a person's general culture in the field of life safety?

— What factors of human behavior influence the formation of his spiritual well-being?

What factors contribute to the formation of a person's physical well-being?

What kind of behavior of a person ensures the formation of his social well-being?

1. Message about the topic and purpose of the lesson.

Exploring a new topic.

Issues under study

1. reproductive health and demographic situation in the country.
2. The role of the family in ensuring the reproductive health of a person and society.
3. Responsibility of parents and the state for the upbringing and development of children.

Presentation of educational material

1. Remind students of the concept of reproductive health.

The reproduction of the population includes not only the birth of a child, but also his upbringing, the preparation of a full-fledged member of society, capable of performing the necessary functions that ensure the development of society.

The level of reproductive health is a kind of result of the whole complex of the state of human reproductive health and Russian society. The demographic state of the country characterizes in a generalized form the health of the citizens of the country and society as a whole.

The current demographic situation in the world requires, in the interests of global, regional and internal security of countries, the development general principles relation to population dynamics. Demographic security occupies an increasingly priority place in the system of national and international security.

To form students' understanding of the dominant role of the family in strengthening and maintaining the reproductive health of a person and society, while emphasizing that the basis of a prosperous family is the steady motivation of every person and citizen to create a family.

It has been established that the best social structure that meets the interests of the individual and society and ensures the continuous change of generations is the family.

1. Give students a definition of family.

The family performs functions that largely determine the preservation and strengthening of human health and society. Only in the family does a person receive sustainable opportunities to meet everyday needs and develop his personality. The family most fully performs the reproductive function - the birth and upbringing of children. In the family, parents introduce their children to moral values ​​and norms of behavior, the world around them, life in society, interaction with other people, and pass on work skills. In the family, the leisure function is solved, which ensures the harmonious development of a person, and the sexual function, which ensures the satisfaction of the sexual needs of the spouses.

Thus, a person’s sustainable motivation to create a prosperous family and the attractiveness of a personal model for him to become a good family man, as well as his ability to choose a life partner and create a happy family, where there will be more harmony in the relationship of spouses than conflicts, characterize the level of human reproductive health.

An analysis of statistical data and surveys of young people shows that the model of a person who is able to create a prosperous family and become a good family man is drastically losing its attractiveness. The significance of the very value of a happy family life. Among young people, the proportion of those who do not consider it necessary for themselves to legally formalize their marriage relations when creating a future family is noticeably increasing.

Conclusion: The level of human health and reproductive health as an integral part of public health has been constantly declining in recent years.

1. To show the degree of influence of parents and our state on the upbringing and development of children, on their state of health.

The responsibility of parents and the state for the upbringing and development of children, for the state of their health also characterizes the level of reproductive health.

The family, as the initial cell of society and the state as a whole, performing a reproductive function, must ensure the upbringing and development of the child's physical, spiritual and moral qualities, form him into a person and a citizen integrated into contemporary society and aimed at its improvement, thereby ensuring the reproduction and development of human resources. The degree of fulfillment of this function characterizes the level of reproductive health of the family.

In the Russian Federation, measures are being taken to improve the demographic situation, childcare payments are increasing, conditions for young families are improving, all this should play a positive role, but it is equally important in this situation to create psychological motivation for the attractiveness of family life, when family relationships, the birth and upbringing of children will bring joy and happiness to the house.

Summary of the lesson.

Control questions

1. What impact does the state of reproductive health of a person and society have on the national security of Russia?
2. What is the role of the family in the process of generational change?
3. What influence does the activity of the state and parents have on the upbringing and development of the younger generation?
4. What is the importance for the national security of Russia of the ability of each person to lead a healthy lifestyle, maintain and strengthen their health?
5. Why is it in the family that a person receives sustainable opportunities to meet everyday needs?

Homework

1. Study § 7.3 of the textbook.

Formulate for yourself what qualities of a person will contribute to the harmonious relationship of family members and the creation of a safe family life.

The concept of "reproductive health" comes from the word "reproduction". Biological reproduction- this is the reproduction by organisms of their own kind, the same as reproduction.

The existence of any kind of living beings is possible only through reproduction and generational change. Man is no exception. The history of mankind is a continuous change of generations.

However, if in all living species reproduction and generational change occur on the basis of biological programs and depend on external conditions, then a person endowed with reason can influence the implementation of biological programs, i.e. manage the reproduction system, ensuring not only the birth, but also the necessary upbringing of offspring, taking into account the social demands of society.

Remember!

The reproduction of the population includes not only the birth of a child, but also his upbringing, the preparation of a full-fledged member of society, capable of performing the necessary functions that ensure the social development of society.

A single complex system of population reproduction, which ensures the birth of a healthy child and the upbringing of a healthy generation, determines the main content of the level of reproductive health.

The level of reproductive health of each individual and society as a whole affects the reproduction of the population in our country, determines the demographic situation and has a significant, if not the main, significance for the state of national security 1 .

The level of reproductive health is a kind of result of the whole complex of the state of reproductive health of a person and Russian society. The demographic state of the country characterizes in a generalized form the health of the citizens of the country and society as a whole. The ruling forces of many states and peoples consider the growth of demographic potential as the main guarantee of survival in the processes of world and regional rivalry and struggle.

Historical facts The best minds of Russia connected its future with the growth of the population and with the development of its high spiritual and creative qualities. D. I. Mendeleev, based on the demographic indicators of the early 19th century, determined the probable population of the Russian Empire in 2000 at 594.3 million people. However, the revolution of 1917 and the fratricidal Civil War, collectivization, the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, as well as the collapse of the USSR, made significant adjustments to this forecast. The population of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2008 was 142 million people. It should be noted that the leadership of various states in critical situations of a demographic nature takes a number of administrative measures. Thus, in the USSR at one time there was a ban on abortion, the procedure for dissolution of marriage was complicated, control over the payment of alimony in favor of women was tightened, state awards and honorary titles for motherhood with many children were established (in 1944, the honorary title “Mother Heroine” was introduced and an order of the same name was established to reward women who gave birth and raised ten or more children). The complex of such measures helped to increase the rate of population growth.

The current demographic situation in the world requires, in the interests of global, regional and internal security of countries, the development of general principles of attitude to population dynamics. Demographic security occupies an increasingly priority place in the system of national and international security. The question of the demographic development of each country is its sovereign right, taking into account all available and potential resources. The demographic processes taking place in the country must correspond to its social development and ensuring the well-being and security of the population.

Statistics In the Russian Federation, since 1992, there has been a tendency to reduce the population, which is observed at the present time. The main reason for this situation is the natural population decline due to the excess of deaths over the number of births. So. As of January 1, 2006, the population of the country decreased by 5.5 million people compared to 1996. The life expectancy of the Russian population remains low. In 1994, it was 57.7 years for men and 71.3 years for women. According to long-term forecasts, it remains close to this level (thus, for men born in 2006, the average life expectancy will be 60.4 years, for women - 73.2 years). For comparison: the average life expectancy for citizens of the United States and England is 75 years, Canada - 76, Sweden - 78, Japan - 79. According to the State Statistics Committee of Russia

Assessment of the level of reproductive health in terms of the demographic processes taking place in Russia also leaves much to be desired.

To assess the level of reproductive health of our society and the opportunities available in the Russian state for the reproduction of the population and ensuring generational change, we will consider the two most significant conditions that affect the level of reproductive health of the individual and society.

1. Providing sustainable motivation for a person to create a prosperous family and educate a personal model of a good family man.
2. The degree of responsibility of parents and the state for the upbringing of children, their receipt of the necessary education, their state of health, physical and mental, spiritual and moral development.

These criteria most fully characterize reproductive health as the main component of public health.

Sustainable motivation to create a prosperous family. It has been established that the best social structure that meets the interests of the individual and society and ensures the continuous change of generations is the family.

Remember!

Family is small social group, based on marriage or consanguinity, whose members are connected by common life, mutual assistance and moral and legal responsibility.

In modern society, the family consists of spouses and their children and is a moral and legal union of a man and a woman.

The form of formation of married couples and the nature of the relationship of spouses are subject to social and cultural norms developed by society in the course of historical development. They are largely influenced by the social structure and characteristics of a particular historical stage in the development of society.

The Family Code of the Russian Federation was put into effect on March 1, 1996. The family legislation of the Russian Federation proceeds from the need to strengthen the family, build family relations on feelings of mutual love and respect, mutual assistance and responsibility to the family of all its members, the inadmissibility of arbitrary interference by anyone in its affairs, ensuring the unimpeded exercise of their rights by family members.

walk in nature

The family performs functions that largely determine the preservation and strengthening of human health and society. Only in the family does a person receive sustainable opportunities to meet everyday needs and develop his personality. The family most fully performs the reproductive function - the birth and upbringing of children. In the family, parents introduce their children to moral values ​​and norms of behavior, the world around them, life in society, interaction with other people, and pass on work skills. In the family, the leisure function is solved, which ensures the harmonious development of a person, and the sexual function, which ensures the satisfaction of the sexual needs of the spouses.

Thus, a person’s sustainable motivation to create a prosperous family and the attractiveness of a personal model for him to become a good family man, as well as his ability to choose a life partner and create a happy family, where there will be more harmony in the relationship of spouses than conflicts, characterize the level of human reproductive health.

Statistics Since 1990, the number of marriages concluded annually in Russia has been declining. In 1990, there were 8.9 marriages per 1,000 people; in 2000, this number was 6.2. As marriages declined, the number of divorces increased. And it cannot be said that there has recently been a sharp downward trend in this indicator. In 1990 they were recorded as 3.8 per 1000 population, and in 2003 - 5.5, in 2007 - 4.8. In 1994, 1090.6 thousand marriages and 680.5 thousand divorces were registered in the country, in 2003 - respectively 1091.8 thousand marriages and 798.8 thousand divorces, in 2007 - 1262.6 thousand marriages and 685.9 thousand divorces. The number of children in a situation of dissolved marriages is constantly increasing. In addition, the number of children born to women who are not in a registered marriage is constantly growing. According to the State Statistics Committee of Russia

An analysis of statistical data and surveys of young people indicates that. that the model of a person who is able to create a prosperous family and become a good family man is drastically losing its appeal. The significance of the very value of a happy family life is falling. Among young people, the proportion of those who do not consider it necessary for themselves to legally formalize their marriage relations when creating a future family is noticeably increasing.

Attention!

From all of the above, we can draw a harsh conclusion: the level of human health and reproductive health as an integral part of public health has been constantly declining in recent years.

Responsibility of parents and the state for the upbringing and development of children, for the state of their health also characterizes the level of reproductive health.

The family, as the initial cell of society and the state as a whole, performing a reproductive function, must ensure the upbringing and development of the child's physical, spiritual and moral qualities, form him into a person and a citizen integrated into contemporary society and aimed at its improvement, thereby ensuring the reproduction and development of human resources. The degree of fulfillment of this function characterizes the level of reproductive health of the family. This level can also be assessed with a certain degree of reliability, taking into account the available statistics characterizing the spiritual, physical and social well-being of children.

The Russian Federation has a number of national projects and regional programs aimed at improving the situation of children.

The Program for the Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation for the Medium Term (2006-2008) outlined the following priority areas of state policy to improve the situation of children in the Russian Federation:

• protection and promotion of the health of children and adolescents;
• prevention of social ill-being of families with children;
• increasing the effectiveness of the state system of support for children in particularly difficult circumstances, including children with disabilities, orphans and children left without parental care;
• creation of conditions for the active inclusion of children in the socio-economic, cultural life of society.

In the Message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation in 2006, special emphasis is placed on increasing the birth rate and strengthening state support for families with children, on developing a mechanism to reduce the number of children in residential institutions.

The current federal target program "Children of Russia" for 2007-2010 was adopted, which is designed to provide an integrated approach to creating favorable conditions for improving the life and health of children, to solving the problems of families with children.

In conclusion, we note that the preservation and strengthening of the health of the younger generation is an important task in order to improve the national security of Russia.

Questions

1. What impact does the state of reproductive health of a person and society have on the national security of Russia?
2. What is the role of the family in the process of generational change?
3. What influence does the activity of the state and parents have in the upbringing and development of the younger generation?
4. What is the importance for the national security of Russia of the ability of each person to lead a healthy lifestyle, maintain and strengthen their health?
5. Why is it in the family that a person receives sustainable opportunities to meet everyday needs?

Exercise

Formulate for yourself what qualities of a person will contribute to the harmonious relationship of family members and the creation of a safe family life.

1 Details about reproductive health as a component of human health and society can be read in the textbook “Fundamentals of life safety. Grade 8” (see section 7.3.).