TO spiritual values include social ideals, attitudes and assessments, norms and prohibitions, goals and projects, benchmarks and standards, principles of action expressed in the form of normative ideas about good, good and evil, beautiful and ugly, fair and unfair, legal and illegal, the meaning of history and the purpose of man, etc. If objective values act as objects of human needs and interests, then the values of consciousness perform a dual function: they are an independent sphere of values and the basis, criterion for assessing objective values.
The ideal form of existence of values is realized either in the form of conscious ideas about perfection, about what is proper and necessary, or in the form of unconscious inclinations, preferences, desires, and aspirations. Ideas about perfection can be realized either in the concrete, sensual, visual form of a certain standard, standard, ideal (for example, in aesthetic activity), or embodied by means of language.
Spiritual values are heterogeneous in content, functions and the nature of the requirements for their implementation. There is a whole class of regulations that strictly program goals and methods of activity. These are standards, rules, canons, standards. More flexible, representing sufficient freedom in the realization of values - norms, tastes, ideals that serve as an algorithm of culture. A norm is an idea of the optimality and expediency of activity, dictated by uniform and stable conditions. Standards include: form of uniformity of actions (invariant); prohibition on other behavior options; the optimal variant of action in given social conditions (model); an assessment of the behavior of individuals (sometimes in the form of some sanctions), warning against possible deviations from the norm. Normative regulation permeates the entire system of human activity and relationships. The condition for the implementation of social norms is a system of their reinforcement, which presupposes public approval or condemnation of an act, certain sanctions to the person who must comply with the norm in his activities. Thus, along with awareness of needs (which, as we have already noted, can be adequate or inadequate), there is awareness of their connection with social norms. Although norms arise as a means of consolidating methods of activity that have been tested by social practice and verified by life, they can lag behind it, be carriers of prohibitions and regulations that are already outdated and hinder the free self-realization of the individual and hinder social progress.
For example, the traditional communal land use in Russia, which was economically and socially justified in the early stages of the history of our country, has lost its economic feasibility and is an obstacle to the development of agrarian relations at the present stage. Nevertheless, it is preserved in the consciousness of a certain part of our society (for example, the Cossacks) as some unshakable value.
Ideal- the idea of the highest standard of perfection, the spiritual expression of a person’s need for ordering, improvement, harmonization of relations between man and nature, man and man, individual and society. The ideal performs a regulatory function; it serves as a vector that allows one to determine strategic goals to the implementation of which a person is ready to devote his life. Is it really possible to achieve the ideal? Many thinkers answered this question negatively: the ideal as an image of perfection and completeness has no analogue in empirically observed reality; it appears in consciousness as a symbol of the transcendental, the otherworldly. Nevertheless, the ideal is a concentrated expression of spiritual values. The spiritual constitutes the sphere of highest values associated with the meaning of life and human purpose.
Human spirituality includes three basic principles: cognitive, moral and aesthetic. They correspond to three types of spiritual creators: the sage (knowing, cognizant), the righteous (saint) and the artist. The core of these principles is morality. If knowledge gives us the truth and shows the way, then the moral principle presupposes the ability and need of a person to go beyond the limits of his egoistic “I” and actively affirm goodness.
Feature spiritual values is that they have a non-utilitarian and non-instrumental character: they do not serve for anything else; on the contrary, everything else is subordinated and acquires meaning only in the context of higher values, in connection with their affirmation. A feature of the highest values is also the fact that they form the core of the culture of a certain people, the fundamental relationships and needs of people: universal (peace, the life of mankind), communication values (friendship, love, trust, family), social values (ideas of social justice, freedom, human rights, etc.), lifestyle values, personal self-affirmation. The highest values are realized in an infinite variety of situations of choice.
Thus, the concept of values is inseparable from the spiritual world of the individual. If reason, rationality, knowledge constitute the most important components of consciousness, without which purposeful human activity is impossible, then spirituality, being formed on this basis, refers to those values that are associated with the meaning of a person’s life, one way or another deciding the question of choosing his life path and goals and the meaning of their activities and the means to achieve them.
It is noted that spiritual values form the foundation of culture. The existence of cultural values characterizes precisely the human way of being and the level of separation of man from nature. Value can be defined as the social significance of ideas and their dependence on the needs and interests of a person. For a mature person, values function as life goals and motives for her activities. By implementing them, a person makes his contribution to universal human culture.
Values as part of the worldview are determined by the existence of social requirements. Thanks to these requirements, a person could be guided in his life by the image of the proper, necessary relationship of things. Thanks to this, values formed a special world of spiritual existence, which raised a person above reality.
Value is a social phenomenon, therefore the criterion of truth or falsity cannot be unambiguously applied to it. Value systems are formed and changed in the process of development of the history of human society. Therefore, the criteria for value choice are always relative, they are determined by the current moment, historical circumstances, they translate the problems of truth into a moral plane.
Values have many classifications. According to traditionally established ideas about the spheres of social life, values are divided into “material and spiritual values, production and consumer (utilitarian), socio-political, cognitive, moral, aesthetic, religious values.”1 We are interested in spiritual values, which are the center of a person’s spiritual life and society.
There are spiritual values that we find at different stages of human development, in different social formations. Such basic, universal values include the values of good (good), freedom, truth, creativity, beauty, faith.
As for Buddhism, the problem of spiritual values occupies the main place in its philosophy, since the essence and purpose of existence, according to Buddhism, is the process of spiritual search, improvement of the individual and society as a whole.
Spiritual values from the point of view of philosophy include wisdom, concepts of true life, understanding of the goals of society, understanding of happiness, mercy, tolerance, self-awareness. At the present stage of development of Buddhist philosophy, its schools are placing new emphasis on concepts of spiritual values. The most important spiritual values are mutual understanding between nations, the willingness to compromise in order to achieve universal goals, that is, the main spiritual value is love in the broadest sense of the word, love for the whole world, for all humanity without dividing it into nations and nationalities. These values flow organically from the basic values of Buddhist philosophy. Spiritual values motivate people's behavior and ensure stable relationships between people in society. Therefore, when we talk about spiritual values, we cannot avoid the question of the social nature of values. In Buddhism, spiritual values directly control a person’s entire life and subordinate all his activities. Spiritual values in the philosophy of Buddhism are conventionally divided into two groups: values related to the external world and values related to the inner world. The values of the external world are closely related to social consciousness, concepts of ethics, morality, creativity, art, and an understanding of the goals of the development of science and technology. The values of the inner world include the development of self-awareness, personal improvement, spiritual education, etc.
Buddhist spiritual values serve to solve the problems of real, material life by influencing the inner world of a person.
The world of values is the world of practical activity. A person’s attitude to the phenomena of life and their assessment are carried out in practical activity, when the individual determines what significance an object has for him, what its value is. Therefore, naturally, the spiritual values of Buddhist philosophy had practical significance in the formation of the traditional culture of China: they contributed to the development of the aesthetic foundations of Chinese literature, art, in particular landscape painting and poetry. Chinese artists pay main attention to the internal content, the spiritual mood of what they depict, in contrast to European ones, who primarily strive for external similarity. In the process of creativity, the artist feels inner freedom and reflects his emotions in the picture, thus, the spiritual values of Buddhism have a great influence on the development of the art of Chinese calligraphy and Qigong, wushu, medicine, etc.
Although almost all philosophical systems, in one way or another, touch on the issue of spiritual values in human life, it is Buddhism that deals with them directly, since the main problems that Buddhist teaching is designed to solve are the problems of spiritual, internal improvement of man.
Spiritual values. The concept covers social ideals, attitudes and assessments, as well as norms and prohibitions, goals and projects, benchmarks and standards, principles of action expressed in the form of normative ideas about good, good and evil, beautiful and ugly, fair and unfair, legal and illegal, about the meaning of history and the purpose of man, etc.
The concepts of “spiritual values” and “spiritual world of the individual” are inextricably linked. If reason, rationality, knowledge constitute the most important components of consciousness, without which purposeful human activity is impossible, then spirituality, being formed on this basis, refers to the values associated with the meaning of a person’s life, one way or another deciding the question of choosing his life path, the meaning of his activity , its goals and means of achieving them.
Spiritual life, the life of human thought, usually includes knowledge, faith, feelings, needs, abilities, aspirations, and goals of people. The spiritual life of an individual is also impossible without experiences: joy, optimism or despondency, faith or disappointment. It is human nature to strive for self-knowledge and self-improvement. The more developed a person is, the higher his culture, the richer his spiritual life.
The condition for the normal functioning of a person and society is the mastery of the knowledge, skills, and values accumulated over the course of history, since each person is a necessary link in the relay of generations, a living connection between the past and the future of humanity. Anyone who, from an early age, learns to navigate it, to choose for himself values that correspond to personal abilities and inclinations and that do not contradict the rules of human society, feels free and at ease in modern culture. Each person has enormous potential for the perception of cultural values and the development of their own abilities. The ability for self-development and self-improvement is the fundamental difference between humans and all other living beings.
The spiritual world of man is not limited to knowledge. An important place in it is occupied by emotions - subjective experiences about situations and phenomena of reality. A person, having received this or that information, experiences emotional feelings of grief and joy, love and hatred, fear or fearlessness. Emotions, as it were, paint acquired knowledge or information in one or another “color” and express a person’s attitude towards them. The spiritual world of a person cannot exist without emotions, a person is not an impassive robot processing information, but a personality capable of not only having “calm” feelings, but in which passions can rage - feelings of exceptional strength, persistence, duration, expressed in the direction of thoughts and strength to achieve a specific goal. Passions sometimes lead a person to great feats in the name of people’s happiness, and sometimes to crimes. A person must be able to manage his feelings. To control both these aspects of spiritual life and all human activities in the course of his development, will is developed. Will is a person’s conscious determination to perform certain actions to achieve a set goal.
The worldview idea of the value of an ordinary person, his life, forces today in culture, traditionally understood as the repository of universal human values, to highlight moral values as the most important, determining in the modern situation the very possibility of his existence on Earth. And in this direction, the planetary mind is taking the first, but quite tangible steps from the idea of the moral responsibility of science to the idea of combining politics and morality.
PLAN:
- Soul, spirit, spirituality.
- Worldview spiritual values.
- Moral values.
- Aesthetic values.
- Soul, spirit, spirituality
Soul And spirit– religious and philosophical concepts meaning immaterial principles, as opposed to material or material. According to religious ideas, a person is a kind of trinity of bodily principle, soul and spirit. The body or flesh is a material shell. Soul – the inner sensory-emotional world of a person. Spirit – these are the highest qualities and feelings (love, compassion, kindness, etc.), conscience, intuition. All these principles are closely connected with each other. Thus, it is said that the body is the house and mirror of the soul, and the soul is the house and mirror of the spirit. A soul without the gift of the spirit is incapable of intuition, remorse, true love and compassion. Bodily death occurs from a severance of the connection between soul and flesh, “spiritual death” - from a severance of the connection between soul and spirit. A person can be alive (have a soul with various feelings and experiences), but spiritually dead.
“Spirit is Fire, the Light of the soul,” says popular wisdom. If this light manifests itself, burns and shines, we can talk about the manifestation of spirituality. Thus, spirituality - this is a holistic unity of mind, will and feelings aimed at the good and a better future, this is a manifestation of the highest human feelings: love, compassion, kindness, honor, dignity, desire for the sublime, beautiful and perfect.
The idea of “spirit” as a world of the supersensible, mystical, incorporeal was already among primitive man. This was manifested in the belief of primitive man in the presence of spirit, soul in humans, animals, plants and objects.
The development of the concept of spirituality is associated primarily with the emergence of Christianity. It affirmed the advantage of spiritual life, the sinfulness of the flesh and the cult of martyrdom asceticism in the name of spiritual salvation. God was considered the source of spirituality.
The Renaissance and Modern times established the principle of humanism, where the idea of spirituality was associated with the affirmation of the greatness of the will and mind of man himself. A man-doer, a man-creator is capable of the greatest achievements - scientific discoveries, masterpieces of art, inventions, and an indomitable desire for freedom. A reasonable person is a cognizer, penetrating with an inquisitive mind into the secrets of the universe, opening a new facet of spirituality.
The modern concept of spirituality connects intelligence, faith And will. Intelligence , aimed at comprehending the essential and universal, appears as wisdom, as the enrichment of the mind with life experience, an intense search for meaning. Faith fills with positive meaning the existence of an individual in a world of chaos and recklessness. Will lifts a person above petty vanity, fills life with the concentration of spiritual quests. Horizon spirituality can be imagined based on two long-known triads: truth - goodness - beauty And Faith Hope Love .
The theoretical analysis of the problem of spirituality begins with the opposition of spirituality to the material, utilitarian principle. The relationship between material and spiritual needs is complex and ambiguous. Material needs cannot simply be ignored, the benefits of well-being and comfort cannot be neglected in the name of intrinsic spirituality. Strong material, economic, social support, solving everyday problems, can ease the path of a person and society to the development of spiritual needs. But an orientation towards material goods, towards possession, towards consumption can, in turn, absorb all forces, displace spirituality, and set those value guidelines that completely close the circle of human life on the desire for luxury and wealth.
So, spirituality– a complex formation, a phenomenon of the cultural life of man and society. Theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of spirituality is associated with the identification of main types spiritual values.
- Worldview spiritual values
We can conditionally distinguish three main types of spiritual values - these are values philosophical and worldview, moral And aesthetic.
Worldview values – these are values that express principles, ideals, basic life guidelines that relate a person to the world.
Key worldview concepts – Life , Death , Immortality . Human life as a value, the desire for immortality, the willingness to accept death as deliverance from painful and aimless wanderings - in works of philosophy, literature and art we will find many shades and twists of these issues. The ideological confrontation between life and death is revealed as a confrontation wars (destruction, aggression) and peace (peace, joy and happiness). Life and death are related to the relationship between man and time. Eternity And Time , past, the present, future, story And fate, memory– these are also unique ideological values.
Worldview values are Space , Universe , Earth , Nature , ideas about which changed from era to era. Earth, Water, Air, Fire, Sky, Stars, Wind, Storm– these values were also experienced by man, interpreted and reflected in mythology, philosophy, and art.
Space, Time , Movement – characteristics of the material world and, at the same time, categories that are significant for human consciousness. Space a person fills it with objects created by him, structures, designs, cultivates and decorates. At the same time, he is delighted by the landscape outside the window, he admires the endless expanse of the ocean - this is also the space of his life. Time - not just a report of seconds, minutes and hours. This is the age of a person, entire value worlds childhood, Youth, Maturity, Old age. Time is a stream of life filled with memories and emotions, a kaleidoscope of impressions. Movement – an ideological universal that characterizes the constant variability of the world, energy capabilities, and human creative activity.
And, finally, ideological values determine the attitude towards a person, the idea of his place in the world. This range of values includes Humanism , Individuality , Creation , Liberty . These values lie on the border with the following type - moral values.
- Moral values
regulate relations between people from the position of confrontation between what is and what should be. These values are the subject of study of a special philosophical discipline - ethics (the science of the relationship between morality and ethics).
Basic categories of morality - Good And Evil . Like light and darkness, they constantly fight in the world of people and in the human soul. Ideas about good and evil determine the interpretation of such moral values as humanity , mercy , justice , dignity , honesty , decency , goodwill . This is, as it were, a global level of morality, at which a person feels himself a part of all humanity. "The Golden Rule of Morality" , which has a number of formulations, boils down to the following: “Do (not act) towards others as you would like them to act (not act) towards you”.
Morality also regulates relations between groups of people, such as social strata, classes, nations, classes, organizations, and groups. Here we are talking about such moral values as loyalty , honor , responsibility , duty , patriotism , collectivism , hard work , good faith .
Relationships between family and close people are associated with such values as Friendship , Love , Motherhood , Politeness , Tact .
Morality as a phenomenon of spirituality is not a frozen monolith. The real moral life of man and society is replete with zigzags and paradoxes. Readiness for moral choice and the development of value guidelines as a path to the development of spirituality, conscience as a kind of moral indicator of spirituality is acquired by a person in a difficult struggle. The path to high morality is a path of conscious education and self-education, requiring effort and work.
- Aesthetic values
Aesthetic values – these are spiritual values associated with identifying, experiencing, and creating harmony. Aesthetic values are associated with a person’s ability to have deep, strong, vivid emotional experiences, the ability to perceive many shades of moods and feelings. The term “aesthetics” itself comes from the Greek word “aesthesis”, meaning sensory perception. Aesthetics, as a special philosophical science, examines in detail the essence and specificity of aesthetic values.
beauty And Harmony – basic aesthetic values. They are expressed in a person’s need to identify, maintain harmony, and achieve universal harmonization of a person’s relationship with the world, with other people and with himself. Such harmonization of relationships causes a feeling of psychological comfort, pleasure, pleasure. Harmony is experienced reverently and with inspiration, giving birth to beauty.
Basic aesthetic values also include beautiful , sublime , tragic And comic . Beautiful It is particularly expressive; harmony is most fully revealed in beauty. Beauty is inherently human, i.e. is closely related to humanistic values such as life, freedom, goodness, love. It is no coincidence that in ancient mythology Beauty and Love were united in the image of the same goddess - Aphrodite (Venus). Beauty is attractive and valuable in itself; in beauty, a person is open to the world, he is ready to accept beauty and trust it.
Sublime takes a person beyond the boundaries of the existing, beyond the limits of the mastered and achievable, beckons into infinity, directs him to the highest, mysterious, eternal. It lifts a person above the world of everyday life, everyday life, vain little things, dullness and boredom. The abyss of the ocean and the bottomless sky, majestic mountain peaks and starry expanses, heroic deeds and manifestations of human genius - all these are the faces of the sublime.
Tragic– a category that records a violation of harmony, crisis, death, hostility, conflict. Human history is full of tragic events - wars and revolutions, irreparable losses and dashed hopes. The tragic occurs when a person collides with uncontrollable forces and elements of nature such as storm, fire, flood and much more. The struggle between knowledge and faith, feeling and duty, good and evil unfolds tragically in the soul and consciousness of a person. Tragic discord can manifest itself as the antagonism of the beautiful and the ugly in culture, life, and art. Human life is essentially tragic because it inevitably ends in death. The perception of tragedy is associated with the effect catharsis. Catharsis – purification through suffering, a strong emotional shock that strengthens a person, instills in him courage and perseverance. This is like turning negative emotions into positive ones. When we perceive something tragic, we experience pain, sorrow, anguish. But a miracle of soul cleansing occurs. Compassion, empathy, overcoming one's own egoism leads to insight and enlightenment. Without this effect, the emotional world of the individual is damaged. The harsh school of the tragic is a school of revaluation of values, measurement of human relationships and actions.
However, revaluation of values can also be carried out in the form comic . The nature of the comic is to reveal the true essence of the insignificant, pitiful, empty, hiding behind the mask of importance and greatness. A frequent companion of the comic is laughter. A person gets tired of excessive seriousness and peace. The comic options are varied: irony, humor, sarcasm; satire, parody, joke, etc. Ridicule, ridicule, comic rethinking helps to free oneself from the inert, outdated, hindering movement forward. The ability to treat yourself with humor is the first step in overcoming shortcomings.
It is necessary to mention the existence of two more types of spiritual values. It is they who carry out the synthesis and combination of worldview, moral, and aesthetic values. These are values religious and values artistic , which are the basis of art. Philosophy of religion studies religious values. Theoretical analysis of art and artistic values is carried out by such a discipline as cultural studies.
Thus, the content of the concept of “spirituality” is revealed in the understanding of ideological, moral and aesthetic spiritual values. In reality, in the life of a person and humanity, these values form an indissoluble unity, intertwine and interact with each other.
MAIN CONCLUSIONS
Spirituality- this is a holistic unity of mind, will and feelings aimed at the good and a better future, this is a manifestation of the highest human feelings: love, compassion, kindness, honor, dignity, desire for the sublime, beautiful and perfect. The content of the concept of “spirituality” is revealed in the understanding of ideological, moral and aesthetic spiritual values.
Worldview values– these are values that express principles, ideals, basic life guidelines that relate a person to the world (Life, Death, Immortality, Universe, Earth, Space, Time, Movement, Humanity, Creativity, Individuality, Creativity and others).
Moral (moral) values regulate relations between people from the position of confrontation between what is and what should be (Love, Good and Evil, Duty, Loyalty, Friendship, Humanity, Compassion, Responsibility, Honor, Dignity and others).
Aesthetic values – these are spiritual values associated with identifying, experiencing, creating harmony (Harmony, Beauty, Beautiful, Sublime, Tragic, Comic).
In reality, in the life of a person and humanity, these values form an indissoluble unity, intertwine and interact with each other.
Questions and tasks for self-control on topic 4
Oddly enough, it has become quite fashionable to talk about what values are more important for a person. There is such a thin line between the two “fires” that it is sometimes difficult to put one or the other in first place. To set priorities, you will have to understand and study in depth what the main differences between spiritual values and material values are. Often people get confused, characterizing their actions as committed for the good, but in fact they are driven by the material side.
What are material and spiritual values for a person?
Without material and spiritual values, not a single human life can be imagined. No matter how much someone chases money and expensive things, he will always need understanding, care, self-worth in relationships, mental peace, love. And with the loss of material significance, existence becomes unbearable, the spiritual side ceases to bring happiness.
Material assets are everything that can be bought, created, built. In other words, what is possible to see, touch, use. They buy clothes, cars, medicines. Companies, factories, industries are being created. Houses, shops, schools are being built. Everything that is in an office or apartment also refers to material assets.
Spiritual values are something that cannot be seen, tactilely felt, sold or bought. These values are found within every person. For some they matter more, and for others they matter least. These include: freedom, joy, justice, dignity, creativity, harmony, respect. The list can continue indefinitely; everyone determines for themselves what is most significant.
For a clearer understanding, you should study examples of material assets.
- Not a single person can survive without food, water, or comfortable living conditions. To provide this for yourself, you will have to earn and spend money.
- Books, paintings, sculptures are more of a spiritual value, but in order to possess them, you need to pay.
- Clothes, medicines, cars are also integral parts of the material world. Without them, a person does not feel happy, becomes doomed (in case of illness), alienated (dressing in cast-offs, having unsuitable transport).
Examples of spiritual values
- No matter how strong the satisfaction from material life, the soul will be drawn to mutual understanding, the search for true happiness, love.
- Without love, even a strong, steely nature will eventually wither and lose the meaning of life. Procreation and raising children become one of the most important spiritual values.
- A creative person, unable to do what she loves, loses her purpose, doing unloved work only to satisfy primary needs.
How to understand what is more important for a particular person? This will become clear once you find out what goals he sets for himself. But there is a catch in that the achievement of one value always leads to the completion of another.
For example, a person sets his goal to create a solid bank account, build a large business, and gain fame. He goes towards his dreams, without sparing and turning a blind eye to the feelings of other people. The priority is only material wealth. Having reached your goal, you feel a lack of something else very important. Of course, the spiritual component. During the races, he did not think about starting a family, he forgot about his parents. And having suddenly lost all his fortune, he is left with nothing at all. No friends, no money, no happiness.
Why does one person value only money, while another is content with little? The root of all problems or successes is education. The child’s ability to find a balance between material and spiritual depends on how educated the parents are. By buying whatever the child wants at every whim, he becomes confident that everything in life comes for free. As an adult, he will need a job where he will expect someone to work for him.
Therefore, gifts should not be given to stop whims, but to give the child the opportunity to receive them, for example, for good behavior or a grade. Pocket money should also be awarded for certain activities. And when the desire to spend them arises, the child will remember how hard he earned them, and what work he will have to do to get them again.
What to answer if suddenly asked to formulate the main differences between spiritual values and material ones?
For every person, one thing is more important than the other. This is due to what he lacks in a particular period of life. If everything is fine with his family and relationships, but bad with money, the emphasis will be on the latter. The desire for mental balance, good deeds, and respect for others speaks of a complete spiritual state. Such people do not chase fame and big money; they are happy here and now. Of course, education plays a huge role here too.
As a rule, a person becomes happy by learning to maintain a balance between materiality and spirituality. This can take many years, or even a lifetime. The world dictates its own rules - overtake others, beat others, become the most popular. A person lights up when he sees other people's successes. He makes his way, forgetting about morality and ethics. It is important to understand what is truly necessary and what you can do without, while remaining cheerful and ambitious. But they say correctly, what kind of attitude you want towards yourself, do the same with others.
Self-realization, respect for people, observance of public morality is a set of material and spiritual values. The main thing is that the awareness of your most significant desires comes as soon as possible. Without losing the most fleeting thing - time.
The main differences between spiritual values and material ones was last modified: December 17th, 2015 by Elena Pogodaeva
Class hour: “Spiritual values”
Goals:
Educational: introduce children to the concept of “values”, reveal the main types of values from a life position and from a scientific point of view, form an idea of the list of values, compare the meaning of material and spiritual values;
Educational: to help children realize what is the true wealth of the human heart, to show the individuality of each child;
Developmental: develop thinking, memory, attention, speech.
Equipment: projector, presentation, envelopes with cards, two boxes, pearls, cards with a dictionary, jewelry, vase.
Dictionary: happiness, values, material, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, physical.
Lesson plan:
1. Organizational moment
2. Interactive conversation
3. Main part
4. Summing up
5. Reflection
Progress of the lesson:
I.Org.moment:
Teacher: Hello, dear guys!
Students: Hello!
II. Interactive conversation:
Teacher: Another school year begins for us. You have become a whole year older! Today, at our first class hour, I would like to talk about human values!
Teacher: At all times and in all corners of the globe, people have wanted and want to be happy. What do you think happiness is?
Student: Happiness is when dreams come true. Happiness is when there are close people nearby. etc.
Teacher: Every person on Earth dreams of happiness. Sometimes a dream becomes a life goal that a person tries to fulfill in order to feel happy.
Students: You need to set goals for yourself and achieve them.
Teacher: How to become happy?
Students: Try to do everything correctly and honestly.
Just love and be loved.
III. Main part:
Teacher: You said everything correctly. Everything you talked about is called life values. Life values help a person become happy.
What do you think values are?
Students: Something valuable to a person.
Teacher: Values are something important, necessary for a person. Anything you want can be a value.
Teacher: I have two chests. What is put in chests?
Students: They put jewelry and money in the chest.
Teacher: Look, there are also jewelry in one of the chests.
What can you put in another chest? What wealth is in a person's heart?
Students: Kindness. Love. Respect. Honesty. Joy. Modesty.
Teacher: Can we put all these valuables in our chest?
Students: No
Teacher: Why do you think we put them in another chest?
Students: Because we can't touch them.
Because these are feelings, not objects.
Teacher: Then let's do this. The first chest contains pearl beads. Let every pearl be one of the values that lives in the heart. I take one pearl and put it in an empty chest. Let it be love. Which one of you wants to put a pearl?
Students: (Children take pearls, name their life value, put it in a chest)
Teacher: Do you think we have put all the riches of the human heart in a chest?
Let's ask our parents to help us fill the chest with those qualities that we have forgotten.
Teacher: So, we have two chests. In one there is richness that we can touch, while in others we can only feel it.
This is how a person divides values into material and spiritual.
But scientists distinguish 4 groups.
Intellectual values are values that help a person find new knowledge.
Physical values are everything that is needed for the human body.
Emotional – everything that is connected with a person’s feelings.
Spiritual values are everything that is connected with a person’s ideas, with his faith.
Teacher: Everyone has sheets of paper on their table on which all the values are listed. What can be classified as physical assets?
Our body needs all this, which is why these values are called physical. Write them down next to “physical values.”
Students: Money, health, food, entertainment, good looks, travel, vacations.
Teacher: The next group is emotional values.
These values are associated with emotions and feelings and are therefore called emotional. Also, list them.
Students: Respect, responsibility, help, argument, love, friendship, interest.
Teacher: Choose the three most important values for you
The next group of values is intellectual.
Everything related to obtaining new knowledge and new information.
Students: complexity, reading, communication, intelligence, planning, learning
Teacher: Choose the 3 most important values for you.
Teacher: And the last group is spiritual values.
Everything related to the beauty, soul and faith of a person.
Choose the 3 most important values for you.
Students: creativity, freedom, faith, truth, harmony.
Teacher: How many values did you choose?
Students: We chose 12 values
Teacher: But a person’s list of values can include from 3 to 7 values.
Leave only the necessary, most important and main values.
Look carefully at each of you's lists of values. Did you get the same lists?
Students: No, different.
Teacher: Why do you think they are different?
Students: Because we are all different.
IV. Result:
Teacher: So what are values?
Students: This is something important, necessary for a person.
Teacher: What are the values that you can touch called?
Students: They can be called material assets.
Teacher: What about the values that live in our hearts?
Students: These are spiritual values.
Teacher: What 4 groups can all values be divided into?
Students: All values can be divided into physical, intellectual, emotional and spiritual values.
Teacher: How many values can a “list of values” include?
Students: The list of values includes from 3 to 7 values.
V.Reflection:
Teacher: How did you work in class today?
Students: We worked well.
Teacher: Now tell me how you feel when you do a great job in class.
Students: Cheerful, joyful, very pleasant, warm at heart.
Teacher: What are you like at this moment?
Students: In the sunshine!
Teacher: I would like you to always be like the sun, which gives light and warmth, as this big sun does. Its warmth and light are enough for each of us.
Goodbye, have a sunny day and good mood everyone!
Students: Goodbye!
