TO spiritual values include social ideals, attitudes and assessments, norms and prohibitions, goals and projects, benchmarks and standards, principles of action expressed in the form of normative ideas about good, good and evil, beautiful and ugly, fair and unfair, legal and illegal, the meaning of history and the purpose of man, etc. If objective values act as objects of human needs and interests, then the values of consciousness perform a dual function: they are an independent sphere of values and the basis, criterion for assessing objective values.
The ideal form of existence of values is realized either in the form of conscious ideas about perfection, about what is proper and necessary, or in the form of unconscious inclinations, preferences, desires, and aspirations. Ideas about perfection can be realized either in the concrete, sensual, visual form of a certain standard, standard, ideal (for example, in aesthetic activity), or embodied by means of language.
Spiritual values are heterogeneous in content, functions and the nature of the requirements for their implementation. There is a whole class of regulations that strictly program goals and methods of activity. These are standards, rules, canons, standards. More flexible, representing sufficient freedom in the implementation of values - norms, tastes, ideals that serve as an algorithm of culture. A norm is an idea of the optimality and expediency of activity, dictated by uniform and stable conditions. Standards include: form of uniformity of actions (invariant); prohibition on other behavior options; the optimal variant of action in given social conditions (model); an assessment of the behavior of individuals (sometimes in the form of some sanctions), warning against possible deviations from the norm. Normative regulation permeates the entire system of human activity and relationships. The condition for the implementation of social norms is a system of their reinforcement, which presupposes public approval or condemnation of an act, certain sanctions to the person who must comply with the norm in his activities. Thus, along with awareness of needs (which, as we have already noted, can be adequate or inadequate), there is awareness of their connection with social norms. Although norms arise as a means of consolidating methods of activity that have been tested by social practice and verified by life, they can lag behind it, be carriers of prohibitions and regulations that are already outdated and hinder the free self-realization of the individual and hinder social progress.
For example, the traditional communal land use in Russia, which was economically and socially justified in the early stages of the history of our country, has lost its economic feasibility and is an obstacle to the development of agrarian relations at the present stage. Nevertheless, it is preserved in the consciousness of a certain part of our society (for example, the Cossacks) as some unshakable value.
Ideal- the idea of the highest standard of perfection, the spiritual expression of a person’s need for ordering, improvement, harmonization of relations between man and nature, man and man, individual and society. The ideal performs a regulatory function; it serves as a vector that allows one to determine strategic goals to the implementation of which a person is ready to devote his life. Is it really possible to achieve the ideal? Many thinkers answered this question negatively: the ideal as an image of perfection and completeness has no analogue in empirically observed reality; it appears in consciousness as a symbol of the transcendental, the otherworldly. Nevertheless, the ideal is a concentrated expression of spiritual values. The spiritual constitutes the sphere of highest values associated with the meaning of life and human purpose.
Human spirituality includes three basic principles: cognitive, moral and aesthetic. They correspond to three types of spiritual creators: the sage (knowing, cognizant), the righteous (saint) and the artist. The core of these principles is morality. If knowledge gives us the truth and shows the way, then the moral principle presupposes the ability and need of a person to go beyond the limits of his egoistic “I” and actively affirm goodness.
Feature spiritual values is that they have a non-utilitarian and non-instrumental character: they do not serve for anything else; on the contrary, everything else is subordinated and acquires meaning only in the context of higher values, in connection with their affirmation. A feature of the highest values is also the fact that they form the core of the culture of a certain people, the fundamental relationships and needs of people: universal (peace, the life of mankind), communication values (friendship, love, trust, family), social values (ideas of social justice, freedom, human rights, etc.), lifestyle values, personal self-affirmation. The highest values are realized in an infinite variety of situations of choice.
Thus, the concept of values is inseparable from the spiritual world of the individual. If reason, rationality, knowledge constitute the most important components of consciousness, without which purposeful human activity is impossible, then spirituality, being formed on this basis, refers to those values that are associated with the meaning of a person’s life, one way or another deciding the question of choosing his life path and goals and the meaning of their activities and the means to achieve them.
Here we will talk about spiritual values in a person’s life, what they are and why they are so important.
Every person grows up with their own set of values. The most interesting thing is that they do not always serve a person, but on the contrary, they can even harm him.
Values are passed on to us from birth by our parents, teachers, educators, and friends.
We cannot always immediately understand which values harm us and which ones benefit us. Let's take a closer look at this!
What are values
Values are internal principles, beliefs that a person believes in and holds on to; he considers his values important and, if necessary, is ready to defend them.
Values can be both positive and negative.
Naturally, negative values harm a person. We can give examples of many values. For example, cigarettes, and even drugs, can become valuable for a person who will even look for advantages in them and protect them.
Those who drink alcohol believe that it is good for the body, sterilizes it from various types of infections and that drinking alcohol from time to time is necessary. Vodka sterilizes, wine dilates blood vessels, alcohol helps you relax and get away from problems. Although this is of course nonsense, alcohol is poison for the body.
Cigarettes are the best way to calm down and relieve nerves and stress, but at what cost?
It is important to see things in the real light, and not in an illusory one. In this article, I propose to discuss spiritual values, not religious ones.
Spiritual values
Spiritual values imply the presence of the Spirit in them. Development and strengthening of your inner Spirit, spiritual body.
The awareness that you discover these values within yourself, primarily for yourself and your own good, and not for the eyes of others. You choose to be this way for yourself.
The following spiritual values can be cited as an example:
- honesty;
- awareness;
- responsibility;
- love first of all for yourself, and then for others;
- Believe in yourself;
- sympathy;
- sincerity;
- love for your parents;
- respect for any form of life;
- peacefulness;
- resistance to stress;
- Adoption;
- fidelity (meaning to his wife);
- love for family.
This could go on for a long time. The main thing is that every value makes you stronger. By practicing these values within yourself, sticking to them simply because you choose to do so, you become a spiritually strong or spiritual person. It is unknown why this is so. It just is.
Naturally, in order to be honest with the people around you, you must first be honest with yourself; in order to be sincere with others, you need to learn not to lie to yourself. To love people, you must first love yourself.
It all starts with you, with your attitude towards yourself. If you hate yourself and don’t accept yourself, you don’t like yourself, then don’t think that the attitude of others towards you will be different or that you will suddenly burst into flames with passionate love for others. It's an illusion.
All these values, if you practice them, make you stronger.
Current society
Now in society, lying is normal, promiscuity is also normal, being insincere and two-faced, hating yourself and others, wearing masks, disrespecting parents, smoking and drinking are all normal, but not natural.
It doesn't grow the human spirit, it destroys it. A person feels internally defective, unable to change anything in his life.
Chasing external ideals or putting money and fame first is also not normal.
To be wealthy and have money, to live in luxury is a good desire, but when this is the only thing that matters to you, when you strive for this in order to prove to everyone what you are, that being superior in the eyes of others is no longer normal.
The inner always creates the outer. The outer world is only a reflection of the inner. What is the point of chasing a reflection when it is easiest to influence it by working with the inner world. This is precisely why you need internal spiritual values, to feel the inner core, to have the ability to create your life the way you choose.
I'm not asking you to believe it, you can just check it. Practice and you will learn everything, but this should not be the upbringing of parents, using and being guided by spiritual values is a conscious choice of everyone, and not driven into V programs from parents and others.
Thank you for attention!!!
Until next time!
Yes, you can also leave a positive comment under this article.
Always yours: Zaur Mamedov
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A person’s spiritual values indicate his highest level, his personal maturity. By its nature, spirituality itself is not just a structure, but a way of human existence, which includes responsibility and freedom.
It is these values that help each individual break out of an environment of isolation limited only by material needs. Thanks to them, a person becomes part of the creative energy of higher powers. He is able to go beyond his own inner “I”, opening up in relationship with the world at a higher level of development.
It is important to note that spiritual values motivate a person to perform certain actions that are radically different from ordinary, mundane ones. In addition, they act as a kind of prerequisite for responsibility, granting personal freedom and limitlessness.
Types of spiritual values
1. Meaningful values are ideals, the main life guideline that connects the individual’s universe with dehumanized existence. They are of a purely individual nature, both for the person himself and for the history of each culture. The main concepts inherent in this type are life and death, the confrontation between good and evil, peace and war. Past, memory, future, time, present, eternity - these are the worldview values that are subject to comprehension by the individual. They form an idea of the world as a whole, which is undoubtedly characteristic of every culture. In addition, such ideological and philosophical values help determine the attitude of each of us towards others, about our place in this world. Ideas about individuality, freedom, humanism and creativity help us do this. It is worth noting that they are the ones that border on the values belonging to the second type.
2. Moral refer to those spiritual values that help a person regulate his relationships with people from the point of view of the eternal struggle between existing and proper actions and concepts. This category of values is associated with such unwritten laws as: prohibitions, principles, norms, regulations. The main ones here are good and evil. A person’s idea of them determines, first of all, his interpretation of the following values: dignity, humanity, justice and mercy. It is with their help that a person is able to see himself as a part of all humanity. Thanks to these concepts, the main, “golden” rule of morality is formulated: “Do unto others as you would like them to do unto you.” Moral values regulate relations between communities, groups of people and also includes the following concepts:
- conscientiousness;
- loyalty;
- patriotism;
- duty;
- honor;
- collectivism;
- hard work;
- politeness;
- tact.
3. Aesthetic values related to the creation of harmony and its identification. The feeling of psychological comfort occurs precisely when an individual manages to establish relationships with the world, with others and with himself. This category of spiritual values plays an important role in a person’s life, because they are closely related to his emotional culture, the ability to experience strong emotions, and the ability to sense various shades of feelings and moods. Aesthetic values constitute ideas of integrity, perfection and include: the comic, the beautiful, the tragic and the sublime.
Spiritual and moral values
Moral values are a set of norms that form the moral code of every person. They, along with the spiritual, form the basis of society. Thus, spiritual values are a measurement of life not by the number of new material acquisitions and the amount of money in a wallet, but by moral ones - principles that are fundamental for the individual in any situation. She will not violate them under any circumstances.
PLAN:
- Soul, spirit, spirituality.
- Worldview spiritual values.
- Moral values.
- Aesthetic values.
- Soul, spirit, spirituality
Soul And spirit– religious and philosophical concepts meaning immaterial principles, as opposed to material or material. According to religious ideas, a person is a kind of trinity of bodily principle, soul and spirit. The body or flesh is a material shell. Soul – the inner sensory-emotional world of a person. Spirit – these are the highest qualities and feelings (love, compassion, kindness, etc.), conscience, intuition. All these principles are closely connected with each other. Thus, it is said that the body is the house and mirror of the soul, and the soul is the house and mirror of the spirit. A soul without the gift of the spirit is incapable of intuition, remorse, true love and compassion. Bodily death occurs from a severance of the connection between soul and flesh, “spiritual death” - from a severance of the connection between soul and spirit. A person can be alive (have a soul with various feelings and experiences), but spiritually dead.
“Spirit is Fire, the Light of the soul,” says popular wisdom. If this light manifests itself, burns and shines, we can talk about the manifestation of spirituality. Thus, spirituality - this is a holistic unity of mind, will and feelings aimed at the good and a better future, this is a manifestation of the highest human feelings: love, compassion, kindness, honor, dignity, desire for the sublime, beautiful and perfect.
The idea of “spirit” as a world of the supersensible, mystical, incorporeal was already among primitive man. This was manifested in the belief of primitive man in the presence of spirit, soul in humans, animals, plants and objects.
The development of the concept of spirituality is associated primarily with the emergence of Christianity. It affirmed the advantage of spiritual life, the sinfulness of the flesh and the cult of martyrdom asceticism in the name of spiritual salvation. God was considered the source of spirituality.
The Renaissance and Modern times established the principle of humanism, where the idea of spirituality was associated with the affirmation of the greatness of the will and mind of man himself. A man-doer, a man-creator is capable of the greatest achievements - scientific discoveries, masterpieces of art, inventions, and an indomitable desire for freedom. A reasonable person is a cognizer, penetrating with an inquisitive mind into the secrets of the universe, opening a new facet of spirituality.
The modern concept of spirituality connects intelligence, faith And will. Intelligence , aimed at comprehending the essential and universal, appears as wisdom, as the enrichment of the mind with life experience, an intense search for meaning. Faith fills with positive meaning the existence of an individual in a world of chaos and recklessness. Will lifts a person above petty vanity, fills life with the concentration of spiritual quests. Horizon spirituality can be imagined based on two long-known triads: truth - goodness - beauty And Faith Hope Love .
The theoretical analysis of the problem of spirituality begins with the opposition of spirituality to the material, utilitarian principle. The relationship between material and spiritual needs is complex and ambiguous. Material needs cannot simply be ignored, the benefits of well-being and comfort cannot be neglected in the name of intrinsic spirituality. Strong material, economic, social support, solving everyday problems, can ease the path of a person and society to the development of spiritual needs. But an orientation towards material goods, towards possession, towards consumption can, in turn, absorb all forces, displace spirituality, and set those value guidelines that completely close the circle of human life on the desire for luxury and wealth.
So, spirituality– a complex formation, a phenomenon of the cultural life of man and society. Theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of spirituality is associated with the identification of main types spiritual values.
- Worldview spiritual values
We can conditionally distinguish three main types of spiritual values - these are values philosophical and worldview, moral And aesthetic.
Worldview values – these are values that express principles, ideals, basic life guidelines that relate a person to the world.
Key worldview concepts – Life , Death , Immortality . Human life as a value, the desire for immortality, the willingness to accept death as deliverance from painful and aimless wanderings - in works of philosophy, literature and art we will find many shades and twists of these issues. The ideological confrontation between life and death is revealed as a confrontation wars (destruction, aggression) and peace (peace, joy and happiness). Life and death are related to the relationship between man and time. Eternity And Time , past, the present, future, story And fate, memory– these are also unique ideological values.
Worldview values are Space , Universe , Earth , Nature , ideas about which changed from era to era. Earth, Water, Air, Fire, Sky, Stars, Wind, Storm– these values were also experienced by man, interpreted and reflected in mythology, philosophy, and art.
Space, Time , Movement – characteristics of the material world and, at the same time, categories that are significant for human consciousness. Space a person fills it with objects created by him, structures, designs, cultivates and decorates. At the same time, he is delighted by the landscape outside the window, he admires the endless expanse of the ocean - this is also the space of his life. Time - not just a report of seconds, minutes and hours. This is the age of a person, entire value worlds childhood, Youth, Maturity, Old age. Time is a stream of life filled with memories and emotions, a kaleidoscope of impressions. Movement – an ideological universal that characterizes the constant variability of the world, energy capabilities, and human creative activity.
And, finally, ideological values determine the attitude towards a person, the idea of his place in the world. This range of values includes Humanism , Individuality , Creation , Liberty . These values lie on the border with the following type - moral values.
- Moral values
regulate relations between people from the position of confrontation between what is and what should be. These values are the subject of study of a special philosophical discipline - ethics (the science of the relationship between morality and ethics).
Basic categories of morality - Good And Evil . Like light and darkness, they constantly fight in the world of people and in the human soul. Ideas about good and evil determine the interpretation of such moral values as humanity , mercy , justice , dignity , honesty , decency , goodwill . This is, as it were, a global level of morality, at which a person feels himself a part of all humanity. "The Golden Rule of Morality" , which has a number of formulations, boils down to the following: “Do (not act) towards others as you would like them to act (not act) towards you”.
Morality also regulates relations between groups of people, such as social strata, classes, nations, classes, organizations, and groups. Here we are talking about such moral values as loyalty , honor , responsibility , duty , patriotism , collectivism , hard work , good faith .
Relationships between family and close people are associated with such values as Friendship , Love , Motherhood , Politeness , Tact .
Morality as a phenomenon of spirituality is not a frozen monolith. The real moral life of man and society is replete with zigzags and paradoxes. Readiness for moral choice and the development of value guidelines as a path to the development of spirituality, conscience as a kind of moral indicator of spirituality is acquired by a person in a difficult struggle. The path to high morality is a path of conscious education and self-education, requiring effort and work.
- Aesthetic values
Aesthetic values – these are spiritual values associated with identifying, experiencing, and creating harmony. Aesthetic values are associated with a person’s ability to have deep, strong, vivid emotional experiences, the ability to perceive many shades of moods and feelings. The term “aesthetics” itself comes from the Greek word “aesthesis”, meaning sensory perception. Aesthetics, as a special philosophical science, examines in detail the essence and specificity of aesthetic values.
beauty And Harmony – basic aesthetic values. They are expressed in a person’s need to identify, maintain harmony, and achieve universal harmonization of a person’s relationship with the world, with other people and with himself. Such harmonization of relationships causes a feeling of psychological comfort, pleasure, pleasure. Harmony is experienced reverently and with inspiration, giving birth to beauty.
Basic aesthetic values also include beautiful , sublime , tragic And comic . Beautiful It is particularly expressive; harmony is most fully revealed in beauty. Beauty is inherently human, i.e. is closely related to humanistic values such as life, freedom, goodness, love. It is no coincidence that in ancient mythology Beauty and Love were united in the image of the same goddess - Aphrodite (Venus). Beauty is attractive and valuable in itself; in beauty, a person is open to the world, he is ready to accept beauty and trust it.
Sublime takes a person beyond the boundaries of the existing, beyond the limits of the mastered and achievable, beckons into infinity, directs him to the highest, mysterious, eternal. It lifts a person above the world of everyday life, everyday life, vain little things, dullness and boredom. The abyss of the ocean and the bottomless sky, majestic mountain peaks and starry expanses, heroic deeds and manifestations of human genius - all these are the faces of the sublime.
Tragic– a category that records a violation of harmony, crisis, death, hostility, conflict. Human history is full of tragic events - wars and revolutions, irreparable losses and dashed hopes. The tragic occurs when a person collides with uncontrollable forces and elements of nature such as storm, fire, flood and much more. The struggle between knowledge and faith, feeling and duty, good and evil unfolds tragically in the soul and consciousness of a person. Tragic discord can manifest itself as the antagonism of the beautiful and the ugly in culture, life, and art. Human life is essentially tragic because it inevitably ends in death. The perception of tragedy is associated with the effect catharsis. Catharsis – purification through suffering, a strong emotional shock that strengthens a person, instills in him courage and perseverance. This is like turning negative emotions into positive ones. When we perceive something tragic, we experience pain, sorrow, anguish. But a miracle of soul cleansing occurs. Compassion, empathy, overcoming one's own egoism leads to insight and enlightenment. Without this effect, the emotional world of the individual is damaged. The harsh school of the tragic is a school of revaluation of values, measurement of human relationships and actions.
However, revaluation of values can also be carried out in the form comic . The nature of the comic is to reveal the true essence of the insignificant, pitiful, empty, hiding behind the mask of importance and greatness. A frequent companion of the comic is laughter. A person gets tired of excessive seriousness and peace. The comic options are varied: irony, humor, sarcasm; satire, parody, joke, etc. Ridicule, ridicule, comic rethinking helps to free oneself from the inert, outdated, hindering movement forward. The ability to treat yourself with humor is the first step in overcoming shortcomings.
It is necessary to mention the existence of two more types of spiritual values. It is they who carry out the synthesis and combination of worldview, moral, and aesthetic values. These are values religious and values artistic , which are the basis of art. Philosophy of religion studies religious values. Theoretical analysis of art and artistic values is carried out by such a discipline as cultural studies.
Thus, the content of the concept of “spirituality” is revealed in the understanding of ideological, moral and aesthetic spiritual values. In reality, in the life of a person and humanity, these values form an indissoluble unity, intertwine and interact with each other.
MAIN CONCLUSIONS
Spirituality- this is a holistic unity of mind, will and feelings aimed at the good and a better future, this is a manifestation of the highest human feelings: love, compassion, kindness, honor, dignity, desire for the sublime, beautiful and perfect. The content of the concept of “spirituality” is revealed in the understanding of ideological, moral and aesthetic spiritual values.
Worldview values– these are values that express principles, ideals, basic life guidelines that relate a person to the world (Life, Death, Immortality, Universe, Earth, Space, Time, Movement, Humanity, Creativity, Individuality, Creativity and others).
Moral (moral) values regulate relations between people from the position of confrontation between what is and what should be (Love, Good and Evil, Duty, Loyalty, Friendship, Humanity, Compassion, Responsibility, Honor, Dignity and others).
Aesthetic values – these are spiritual values associated with identifying, experiencing, creating harmony (Harmony, Beauty, Beautiful, Sublime, Tragic, Comic).
In reality, in the life of a person and humanity, these values form an indissoluble unity, intertwine and interact with each other.
Questions and tasks for self-control on topic 4
