In this article, we will look at the common symptoms and signs of a disease such as oncology. Let's take a closer look at the signs of oncological diseases of different systems of the human body: stomach, intestines, lungs, prostate, as well as signs of cancer in women and men.

The diagnosis of “oncology” in the modern world is being established every day in an increasing number of people. This is due to the improvement of diagnostics in medicine, and with an increase in life expectancy. The risk of getting cancer increases proportionally with a person's age. However, there are tumors that only affect children and young adults. In general, tumors in young people are very insidious and dangerous, they develop rapidly and often quickly take away from life.

In this article, I will tell you about the most common tumors among the adult population, about the first signs of oncology, about measures to prevent cancer of various localization.

Often, when cancer begins to manifest itself in some way, and the first symptoms appear on the part of specific organs, then this is not the first stage of the disease. Learning to diagnose cancer at the first stage is the main task, first of all, of primary care physicians and oncologists. Every person must be oncologist. This does not mean that you need to be afraid and wait for cancer. You just need to listen and observe your body so as not to miss the first bells. It is also necessary to understand that all of the following symptoms do not necessarily indicate that you have cancer. You just need to observe yourself and consult a doctor with your complaints. And only with a comprehensive examination, after performing examinations, a diagnosis can be made. So, the most common common symptoms of cancer:

General weakness

General weakness accompanies almost all human diseases, therefore it is the most non-specific symptom. Often, general weakness in oncological diseases occurs due to chronic blood loss. Most often it occurs in tumors of the stomach, intestines. When bleeding, a person loses hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen to organs and tissues. When the organs, and primarily the brain, receive less oxygen, there is a general weakness.

Unexplained weight loss

If you suddenly began to lose weight rapidly, for example, 4-5 kg ​​per month, and after three months it is already minus 15 kg on the scales, you should immediately consult a doctor. Such a sharp weight loss can cause tumors of the pancreas, stomach, lung. Also, such a rapid weight loss can be the first symptom of tuberculosis, thyrotoxicosis and other serious diseases.

Increase in body temperature

Often, an increase in temperature occurs as a protective reaction of the body, as an activation of immunity, and can be observed as a response to therapy or with the progression of the process. But as the first symptom of a tumor, it does not occur so often, for example, with lymphogranulomatosis.

Pain

Pain as the first sign of cancer is observed in testicular cancer and bone tumors. Most often, pain is already a symptom of the spread of the oncological process. Therefore, in the last stages of cancer, it is pain relief, often with narcotic analgesics, that is the only help for the patient.

You may have noticed that the first symptoms of cancer are very vague and completely non-specific. Unfortunately, most tumors do not manifest themselves at all in the first stage, when the treatment is most effective, and they only manifest themselves in the later stages, when it is extremely difficult to cope with the disease. That is why it is important to understand that it is necessary to visit the clinic every year to undergo “routine”, but very important screening examinations.

Cancer screening

Screening is an examination to detect a particular malignant neoplasm in a patient when he does not complain about anything. In contrast to screening, the so-called “early diagnosis” consists in detecting cancer in patients who have come to the doctor with any complaints. The difference between these two approaches is that during screening, patients are examined on the initiative of medical professionals, and during early detection, on their own initiative.

Therefore, when a nurse throws a note in your mailbox saying that they want to see you at an appointment, or a local therapist scolds you for not having a fluorography or not going through an examination room, then you should only thank them for what they are more interested in your health than you are.

So, the minimum examinations that are recommended for everyone:

• Radiography or fluorography of the lungs. This is a mandatory screening method for all segments of the population over 18 years of age to exclude tuberculosis and lung cancer.
• Screening for cervical cancer consists in regular examination of cytological smears from the cervix. Allows you to identify pathology with minimal cellular changes in the epithelium. Cytology analysis is taken in the examination room. But the doctor performs the colposcopy procedure. During a colposcopy, the doctor examines the cervix with a magnifying glass and, if necessary, takes a biopsy. Conducting a full screening of cervical cancer can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer by 80% and mortality from this disease by 72%. Also, with the availability of ultrasound in our time, I would recommend that every woman perform an ultrasound of the pelvic organs once a year to exclude pathology from the ovaries.
• Breast cancer screening involves performing mammograms for women aged 45-70 every 2 years. For women with a history of mastopathy or aggravated heredity (for example, breast cancer in the mother), it is recommended to perform a mammogram once a year. For younger women, to exclude the pathology of the gland, it is better to do ultrasound, since at the age of 45-50 years, the mammary glands are difficult to visualize with mammography, and the ultrasound method will be more informative.
• Screening for prostate cancer is the regular measurement of the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood of men aged 50 to 65-70 years. PSA is a tumor marker for prostate cancer. In prostate cancer, more PSA protein enters the bloodstream than in a healthy person. Thus, by the method of determining the concentration of PSA in the blood of a man, one can suspect cancer or a benign tumor of the prostate - adenoma. With an increase in the PSA level approximately above 4 ng / ml, a consultation with a urologist and an ultrasound of the prostate are required. Men with a family history of prostate cancer can have their PSA checked starting at the age of 40.
• Colon cancer screening consists of taking a fecal occult blood test - a hemocult test. To avoid a positive test, it is necessary to give up meat, liver and all foods containing iron (spinach, apples, beans, etc.) for 3 days. If a fecal occult blood test is positive, then a colonoscopy is necessary. During colonoscopy, a probe with an optical device at the end inserted into the anus examines the large intestine. If the doctor stumbles upon a polyp, he will definitely remove it with a subsequent tissue biopsy. Hemoculttest is prescribed annually to all people over the age of 50 years.

And now let's talk about the first signs of oncology, the most common in our region.

The first signs of stomach cancer

Gastric cancer in the early stages, as a rule, does not have pronounced clinical signs, but some of them still attract attention.

• Persistent loss of appetite or its complete loss up to aversion to food without any objective reason.
• Unmotivated weakness and weight loss.
• Changes in mental status (loss of joy in life, interest in the environment).
• The phenomenon of "gastric discomfort" - constant or associated with eating discomfort, a feeling of heaviness, fullness.
• Pain is the most common symptom. With advanced forms of stomach cancer, pain becomes constant, dull, persistent, not associated with food intake, occurring for no apparent reason and aggravated after eating. Sometimes the pain is so severe that it is difficult to relieve medication.

Belching, heartburn, nausea are common in stomach cancer, but they do not have any characteristic features. The patient should be alerted by a feeling of fullness in the stomach and persistent belching at first with air, and later with rotten air. Vomiting is observed with a significant narrowing of the lumen of the stomach by a tumor.

Your doctor should hear all these symptoms and send you for tests and studies in order to verify the diagnosis.

Prevention of stomach cancer

• The cancer prevention diet is what is recommended for most people who want to be healthy. It is necessary to reduce, and it is better to completely abandon the use of smoked meats, marinades, preservatives, fast food, and, on the contrary, increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Excessively hot food and drinks should not be consumed - this is harmful to the pharynx, esophagus and stomach.
• To give up smoking. For those who stop smoking, the risk of developing cancer decreases over time.
• Restriction on the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
• The fight against chronic infections in the stomach, primarily with a bacterium that can cause the development of gastritis and stomach ulcers - Helicobacter pylori.
• Timely treatment of precancerous diseases of the stomach - polyps.

Cancer alertness should be in every person. And it is important to understand that cancer in the first stages of almost any localization responds well to treatment.

I bring to your attention natural herbal preparations to combat diseases of the stomach: - regulates the acidity of gastric juice, - promotes the healing of ulcers of the mucous membranes, - fights Helicobacter pylori.

The first signs of bowel cancer

Like all tumors in the early stages, intestinal tumors practically do not manifest themselves in any way. With the development of the oncoprocess, there are signs that make a person see a doctor, in the last stages - severe intestinal disorders. The first signs of bowel cancer, which you should pay attention to:

• Decreased appetite, nausea, general unexplained weakness.
• Significant weight loss, even with preserved appetite.
• Prolonged constipation followed by diarrhoea. Feeling of empty bowel after stool.
• The presence of blood in the stool. It can be streaks of blood, scarlet blood or altered blood. The color of feces is an important diagnostic feature in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Read more in the article.
• Mucus or pus appears in the feces, which is why the feces have an irritating fetid odor.
• Abdominal pain at the site of the tumor increases as the tumor grows.
• Pain in the anus, aggravated by stool. Frequent urge to bottom.

Bowel cancer prevention

1. The fight against chronic constipation is essential in the prevention of bowel cancer. It is necessary to adjust your lifestyle in such a way that the chair is DAILY.
2. When fecal masses are not removed from the intestine for a long time, the time of contact of the harmful substances contained in them with the intestinal mucosa increases, which leads to the development of chronic inflammation, and further significantly increases the risk of developing bowel cancer.
   If you are struggling with constipation with enemas, then you should understand that this is an emergency measure. During enemas, only the lower intestine is cleansed, and harmful substances located at a more remote distance from the rectum are not washed out. About what you need to do to have a daily chair, read the article.
3. Changes in the diet of modern man over the past decades have led to an increase in the incidence of colon cancer. The fact that this is mainly due to a decrease in the diet of plant foods, an increase in the consumption of refined foods and animal fats (lamb, beef, pork) has been irrefutably proven by many studies. Therefore, limiting animal fats in the diet and enriching your diet with fiber is the basis of a healthy intestine.
4. It has also been proven that antioxidant vitamins C, E, A and B vitamins inhibit the formation of carcinogens in the body, which in turn contributes to the prevention of colon cancer.
5. Avoiding alcohol, especially beer, reduces the risk of colon cancer. This is evidenced by a number of scientific papers and statistics.

I bring to your attention natural herbal preparations to eliminate problems with the intestines, as well as to prevent intestinal cancer: - a preparation for daily use for those people who want to be healthy. Loklo is the key to the health of your intestines, full-fledged natural fiber from a variety of vegetables and fruits for effective bowel cleansing and stool normalization; - due to its composition, it reduces the risk of developing cancer of the small and large intestines, and also prevents breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. - effective natural laxative without addictive effect;

The first signs of cancer in women

In this section of the article, I will talk about the first symptoms of breast and uterine cancer.

The first signs of breast cancer

• Seal in the mammary gland. One of the earliest signs of breast cancer is a lump. According to statistics, 70-80% of all sick women were able to independently notice the first symptoms of breast cancer. Of course, most of the tumors found are benign. But the help of a specialist - an oncologist or a mammologist is extremely necessary as soon as possible.
• Discharge from the mammary glands. The color of the discharge can be any - transparent, bloody, yellow-green, with an admixture of pus. With any kind of discharge from the mammary gland, it is urgent to see a doctor. As the disease progresses, ulcers appear that affect not only the nipple, but also pass to the rest of the breast.
• Change in the appearance of the breast. As the disease develops, the color of the skin over the tumor changes, from pinkish to purplish, and the skin itself. Breast skin in breast cancer seems to sink, flattening or elongation of the mammary gland may appear. The right and left breasts may become different in size. Although usually in women one breast is larger than the other, but with the development of the disease, this asymmetry becomes more noticeable.
• Nipple retraction. Moreover, as the disease progresses, the nipple retracts more and more.
• Enlarged lymph nodes. An increase in axillary, paraclavicular lymph nodes and pain on the affected side is a reason for immediate medical attention.

• First birth before age 30, breastfeeding for at least 6 months, and no abortions are thought to reduce the risk of breast cancer.
• Refusal of alcohol and smoking, living in environmentally friendly conditions, minimizing stressful situations.
• Monthly breast self-examination. Consistent palpation of the mammary gland is preferably carried out after menstruation. And women in menopause need to choose a certain day of the month and do not forget to conduct regular examinations. The shape, symmetry, the presence of pits, tubercles, seals, changes in the skin - everything is worth paying attention to.
  It is also necessary to examine the armpits and the collarbone area in search of individual enlarged lymph nodes. If there are any changes and suspicions, you should immediately contact a specialist.

I propose to pay attention to a natural herbal preparation made from broccoli - which reduces the risk of developing a number of hormone-dependent tumors: breast cancer, uterine cancer, uterine fibroids, colon cancer, and also fights mastopathy. Indole-3-carbinol has established itself as the number one drug in the treatment of mastopathy in women of different ages, many gynecologists successfully use it in their practice.

The first signs of uterine cancer

It is very problematic to suspect a disease of the cervix or body of the uterus in the early stages due to the lack of clinical manifestations. Therefore, for cancer of this localization, annual screening is extremely important! The most common symptoms of uterine cancer are:

• Cervical cancer is characterized by spotting after intercourse and/or pain during intercourse.
• For cancer and the cervix, and the body of the uterus is characterized by bleeding, intermenstrual discharge of varying intensity. Sometimes it happens that a woman in menopause has bleeding, but she does not attach any importance to this, believing that menstruation has returned.
• Pain that occurs in the lower back, sacrum, lower abdomen and rectum is the latest symptom and indicates the spread of the tumor process to the lymph nodes and nearby tissues.

Prevention of uterine cancer

• Timely onset of sexual activity (after 18 years), a limited number of sexual partners, since sexual infections provoke the development of uterine cancer. The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been scientifically proven in the development of cervical cancer. If, nevertheless, there is some kind of infectious disease, then it is necessary to cure it.
• The risk of developing the disease increases with overeating, excessive consumption of fried foods, with an abundance of animal fats in food.
• Vitamins play an important role in metabolic processes, including those that have a protective antitumor effect.
• For the prevention of cervical cancer, it is necessary to treat cervical erosion, cervicitis and leukoplakia in time. That is, you must not forget to regularly look into the office to the gynecologist.
• Refusal of alcohol and smoking. In special studies, smoking has been found to slightly increase the risk of developing cervical cancer. It turned out that the consumption of various alcoholic beverages in terms of pure ethyl alcohol in doses of more than 30 g per day also increases the risk of cervical cancer.

Of the natural products of the NSP company, I would like to first of all pay attention to the product that removes excess estrogen from the body and helps prevent the development of hormone-dependent tumors (breast and uterus cancer), and also inhibits the growth of tumor cells infected with the human papillomavirus.

As well as for the prevention of other tumors, it is necessary to take courses of antioxidants:,,,,,, etc.

The first signs of lung cancer

Unfortunately, lung cancer is not particularly different from other types of oncology, and it loves and knows how to disguise itself in the same way. Therefore, the symptoms begin to manifest themselves more actively as the disease progresses.

• General weakness, fatigue, weight loss. Body temperature may rise at the level of 37-37.5 degrees.
• Pronounced cough, especially with an admixture of blood in the sputum.
• Shortness of breath, chest pain, often aggravated by inhalation.
• As the disease progresses, the tumor begins to grow and compress closely located organs and structures. This can lead to difficulty breathing, swallowing disorders, hoarseness.

Prevention of lung cancer

• Stopping smoking, both active and passive, significantly reduces the risk of lung cancer. Smoking increases the risk of lung cancer by 5 times! Science has repeatedly proven that when smoking, more than 40 types of various carcinogens enter the body.
• professional factors. Work associated with such chemicals as asbestos, arsenic, radon, cadmium, nickel, chromium (their inhalation and regular contact with them) is one of the serious risk factors. Therefore, when working with hazardous substances, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment.
• Polluted environment. A regularity was revealed that rural residents get lung cancer 4 times less than residents of large cities, all other things being equal.
• Proper nutrition with enrichment of the diet with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Sufficient consumption of vegetables, fruits and berries helps to reduce the risk of cancer.
• For the prevention of lung cancer and other types of tumors, I also recommend taking courses of natural plant antioxidants: Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Antioxidant, Grepine with protectors, Zambrosa, Protective formula, TNT and etc.

The first signs of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is characterized by a stable malignant course. It is very difficult to detect the disease in the early stages, since at first the tumor does not manifest itself, and the neoplasm continues its persistent growth. This tumor is characterized by a special insidiousness - the symptoms have not even appeared yet, and the neoplasm is actively metastasizing (i.e., tumor screenings appear in other organs, for example, in the bones, liver). As a result, even a small primary focus in a short period of time can spread beyond the affected gland, making the prognosis unfavorable.

• Violation of the outflow of urine is one of the very first symptoms. As the tumor grows, it compresses the urethra. Patients with a tumor may have trouble starting to urinate, experience a feeling of incomplete emptying, and painful urge to urinate. Urinary incontinence is also one of the symptoms. But such symptoms often bother men with prostate adenoma, so the first symptoms of cancer may go unnoticed.
• As the tumor grows, it will begin to grow into nearby organs and tissues, which will lead to painful sensations. Prostate cancer is characterized by pain in the perineum and pubis, and patients may experience discomfort over the pubic bone. Later, blood in the urine and an admixture of blood in the ejaculate may appear. Erectile dysfunction is not ruled out.
• With further progression of the tumor, bone pains appear (especially often in the lower back), significant weight loss, and a decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood. There may be a limitation of movements of the lower extremities, swelling, and sometimes paralysis caused by compression of an overgrown tumor of the spinal cord.

I remind you that not a single man is immune from a prostate tumor. It is extremely important, for life including, not to miss the moment and diagnose the disease as early as possible. The main method of early diagnosis and prevention of cancer localized in the prostate is annual urological screening for men over 45 years of age. (See above in the article on PSA testing). Any suspicious signs of prostate cancer at this age should be a wake up call! Seek immediate medical attention.

Prevention of prostate cancer

• Diet - with particular importance given to vegetables and fruits (tomatoes, cabbage, broccoli, soybeans, grapes and others) and limiting foods containing animal fats. Scientists have noticed that the incidence of prostate cancer in the world is distributed unevenly. For example, it is noted that Japan has a rather low incidence.
  It is believed that this is due to the fact that the Japanese have a lot of plant foods in their diet, especially soy. It contains phytoestrogens, which are similar in composition to female sex hormones. These substances reduce the content of male hormones in the body. At the same time, the body does not lose its male qualities, but the likelihood of prostate cancer is significantly reduced.
  An important role in the prevention of prostate cancer is played by carotenoids and alpha-tocopherol (beta-carotene and vitamin E). They are found mainly in plant foods.
• Lifestyle - while limiting tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, increase the level of physical activity. Exercise can reduce excess weight, which can be a risk factor for prostate cancer.

Of the natural herbal preparations of the NSP company, I would like to draw attention to preparations for men's health, which are recommended to be taken periodically 2-3 times a year. These are phytocomplexes containing Creeping Serena and African Plum:,, (courses of 4-6 weeks). The drug deserves special attention. Indole 3 Carbinol, which reduces the risk of developing a number of hormone-dependent tumors, including prostate cancer.

Interview with the Deputy Director for Research of the Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Oncology and Medical Radiology named after N.N. N.N. Alexandrov, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Sergei Krasny.

Malignant tumors develop in all organs and tissues, which means that the symptoms can be very different. However, in the treatment of cancer, the speed of making the correct diagnosis plays an important role, otherwise time may be lost forever.

What are the signs of cancer? We will answer this question in this article.

35 signs of cancer that are usually ignored

Unexplained weight loss may be a sign of cancer.

1. Upset stomach and/or stomach pain. Many patients with liver recall that this symptom was one of the first manifestations of the disease. Long enough, the patient and his attending physician can think about erosions in him before the correct diagnosis is made.
2. Feeling of fullness in the stomach even after eating a small amount of food. This symptom is also characteristic of the duodenum.
3. Unexplained weight loss. It is worth alerting if the patient loses kilograms without putting any effort into it.
4. . It develops when the tumor blocks the bile exit from the liver and gallbladder. In addition to yellowing of the skin, the patient notes yellowness of the sclera and itching all over the body.
5. Cough and/or shortness of breath. Often one of the first symptoms.
6. Difficulty swallowing water and food. The symptom appears and intensifies as the tumor grows in the pharynx or esophagus.
7. Constant pain and burning in the chest. This is a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux, a condition where acid from the stomach backs up into the esophagus. This condition is typical for the esophagus.
8. Swelling of the face. Could be lung cancer. Cancer cells impede the outflow of blood from the upper half of the body, which provokes the development of edema.
9. Enlarged lymph nodes. It is a potential sign of cancer of the organ near which the enlarged lymph node is located.
10. Bruising and bleeding for no apparent reason. May be a manifestation.
11. Weakness and fatigue. A common symptom for all types of cancer.
12. Blood in stool, bleeding after stool. This symptom occurs not only with, but also with.
13. Violation of the large intestine. Persistent constipation and diarrhea can be a sign of bowel cancer.
14. (hard to start urinating, sluggish stream). May be a symptom.
15. Pain and/or burning during urination. It can be both a symptom and prostate cancer.
16. Blood in urine or seminal fluid. It can also be a sign of prostate cancer, like the previous two symptoms.
17. Erection problems. Although men try to hide this symptom for a long time, you should immediately consult a doctor to exclude a malignant tumor of the prostate.
18. swelling of the scrotum. May be a symptom of a testicular and/or prostate tumor.
19. Constant back pain. Of course, most often back pain is the result of muscle strain, protrusions, herniated discs, but we must not forget that constant pain, which is difficult to treat with conventional pills, can be a sign of both independent cancer and metastases to the spine.
20. Soreness of the chest and/or nipples. Yes, it happens in men, although these are very rare cases.
21. Hard-to-heal skin lesions. Symptom (melanoma, basal cell carcinoma).
22. Pain. Pain is a very common symptom. It is not necessary to take every attack of a headache for a brain tumor. It is necessary to carefully monitor yourself in order to "catch the moment" when it becomes clear that the pain is combined with other signs of cancer.
23. Fever. It's also a common symptom. It can happen to any cancer patient.
24. Changes in the oral mucosa. should alert a person, especially if he smokes.
25. Skin changes. The appearance of warts, areas of hyper- or hypopigmentation should alert a person and become a reason for a visit to the doctor.
26. Edema, swelling, redness of the mammary gland, the appearance of discharge from the nipple (especially bloody, greenish, black). This symptom complex should not only alert the woman, but force her to make an appointment with the doctor on the same day. If it is difficult to get to an oncologist, then you can contact a surgeon.
27. Change in the condition of the nails. Dystrophy of the nail plates, the appearance of spots and stripes on the nails. These can all be signs of skin cancer.
28. Bleeding between periods, bleeding in menopausal women. These symptoms may be signs of endometrial cancer.
29. Swelling of part of the limb and pain in this place. It can not only be the result of a bruise, but also a symptom of a malignant neoplasm of the bone.
30. Convulsions and seizures. May be a sign of a brain tumor, as well as symptoms 31 - 35.
31. Violations of memory, processes of memorization and reproduction.
32. Sensation of pressure and fullness in the head.
33. Behavioral disturbances, decreased self-criticism.
34. Disturbances of balance, coordination and orientation.
35. Numbness in the limb, its paresis or paralysis.

So, if you or your loved ones experience these symptoms, you should immediately contact your doctor for examination and treatment, and then the prognosis for the life and health of the patient can be much more favorable.

Which doctor to contact

If there are seals in the mammary gland, discharge from the nipple, as well as in case of visual changes (redness, deformation) of the breast, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Tumor diseases are treated by an oncologist, but it is better to consult a general practitioner first. The doctor will be able to establish a preliminary diagnosis and refer the patient to the right specialist. Depending on the affected organ of the patient, in addition to the oncologist, various doctors consult: a gastroenterologist (for problems with digestion, stool), a pulmonologist (for coughing and shortness of breath), a proctologist (for damage to the rectum), a urologist (for urination disorders), a mammologist (for lesions of the mammary gland), a dermatologist (for changes in the skin), a gynecologist (for uterine bleeding), a neurologist (for headaches, impaired coordination, movements, sensitivity, mental functions).

Often, a cancerous tumor does not show any specific symptoms. Therefore, most people learn about a terrible diagnosis only when it is already very difficult, and sometimes completely impossible, to cope with the disease. And there is also such a category of citizens who, with any ailment, think about the worst and try to detect signs of cancer in themselves.

Perhaps excessive vigilance is also useless, but if you really notice something is wrong in your condition, you should undergo a medical examination.

Cancer: signs and symptoms

Diseases of this kind manifest themselves in different ways. But there are common signs of oncology in children, women and men. In general, three groups of symptoms can be distinguished:

• Unsuccessful treatment of diseases. When you are undergoing intensive therapy for any pathologies, whether it is a stomach ulcer, inflammation of the bladder or pneumonia, and there is no improvement for a long time, you should be wary. Perhaps this indicates the presence of a cancerous lesion.
• small manifestations. Reduced performance, constant feeling of discomfort, fatigue, decreased interest in the surrounding reality, unreasonable weight loss - all this can speak of oncology.
• Tissue growth. If during a visual examination or palpation you find a deformation or asymmetry of some part of the body, you should be wary. Perhaps such a tumor is dangerous.

10 signs of cancer

Now we will list the first symptoms of cancer, with the appearance of which it is necessary to consult a doctor.

1. Sudden weight loss. Many people at an early stage of the development of the disease begin to lose weight rapidly. If you lose more than five kilograms in a short time, visit your doctor immediately.
2. Increased temperature and fever. This symptom usually appears when the cancer has already spread widely. But it is he who can be the first call.
3. Fatigue and weakness. These are perhaps the most important first signs of cancer, characteristic of absolutely any type of cancer. However, many simply ignore them.
4. Pain in the bones. This symptom may indicate malignant neoplasms in the bone tissue.
5. Change in the quality and color of the skin cover. Dermatological signs, such as darkening, redness, yellowness of the skin, itching, and others, may indicate the presence of skin cancer or oncology of internal organs.
6. Changes in the size, color, thickness, shape of moles, as well as the occurrence of wounds or ulcers that are not amenable to therapy. Moles can transform into malignant tumors, so do not ignore such manifestations.
7. Violations of the functioning of the bladder and disorders of the stool. You should consult a specialist if you suffer from persistent constipation or, on the contrary, diarrhea. Changes such as pain during emptying, more frequent or rare urination should also alert.
8. Constant headache. This symptom may indicate the presence of a brain tumor.
9. Unusual discharge, bleeding. Blood impurities in the stool, urine, vaginal bleeding in women - all this can be a manifestation of cancer.
10. Persistent cough, sore throat, hoarseness, and trouble swallowing and indigestion. If you find blood clots in your sputum when you cough, you should immediately visit a doctor, because you may have lung tissue cancer. Swallowing problems and digestive disorders are often not signs of cancer, but if they occur together, you can suspect a cancer of the pharynx, esophagus, or gastrointestinal tract.

Symptoms of different types of cancer

Of course, in addition to general manifestations, there are specific signs of oncological diseases that are characteristic only for one or another variety. And still, even if you find any characteristic symptom, you should not immediately think that you have cancer. First visit a specialist, and then draw conclusions.

Stomach cancer

In the early stages of the disease, the signs are inaccurate and scarce. Often, not only patients, but the doctors themselves write off the symptoms that have appeared on gastritis. In this case, everything is limited to the appointment of medications, and a complete examination is not carried out. And yet, specialists who listen attentively to the complaints of patients sometimes catch the first signs of an oncological disease. These include:

• decreased ability to work, unreasonable weakness;
• sustained unmotivated decrease in appetite or its complete loss, up to an aversion to food;
• discomfort in the stomach: not getting pleasure from eating tasty food, feeling of heaviness even after taking a small amount of food, soreness in the epigastric zone, sometimes nausea and vomiting;
• progressive weight loss, accompanied by blanching of the skin;
• depression: alienation, loss of interest in work and life in general, apathy.

The described first signs of oncology can manifest themselves both against the background of a previous stomach disease (for example, an ulcer), and against the background of absolute health. Only when a malignant tumor becomes widespread, vivid symptoms appear: persistent vomiting, intense pain radiating to the back, severe weight loss, severe weakness, earthy skin color.

breast cancer

The first signs of oncology in women in this case are retraction and flattening of the nipple and bloody discharge from it. Pain is not a diagnostic symptom. With a breast tumor, pain may be completely absent, but with mastopathy, on the contrary, it can be pronounced.

Depending on what form the cancer has, the signs and symptoms will vary. So, with a mastitis-like form of the disease, the mammary gland greatly increases, swells and hurts. The skin becomes hot to the touch. The erysipelatous form is characterized by the sudden appearance of redness on the skin of the chest, as well as a significant increase in temperature. Shell oncology is manifested by a bumpy thickening of the skin. A kind of shell is formed, covering part of the chest, and sometimes its entirety.

Rectal cancer

As already mentioned, usually the signs of oncological diseases in the early stages are not particularly pronounced. Colon cancer is no exception. Symptoms that can be noticed: dull pain during bowel movements at the time of the passage of feces, mucus and blood in the stool, subsequently a ribbon-like stool. Such manifestations are often mistaken for signs of hemorrhoids. However, there is a difference: with hemorrhoids, blood in the feces usually appears at the beginning of a bowel movement, and with rectal cancer, at the end. At a later stage, constipation is added to the listed symptoms, followed by diarrhea, frequent urge to defecate, and discharge of fetid purulent-bloody masses.

Skin cancer

This type of oncology can also have different forms: ulcerative, nodular, infiltrative. However, often the first signs of skin cancer, regardless of form, are the same. Dense painless nodules of a waxy pinkish-yellowish color appear on the body. Gradually they grow. Very rarely there are forms with sluggish growth, which for many years do not show visible changes. But there are also such cases.

Lung cancer

Depending on where the primary tumor occurs, in the lung tissue or in the bronchus, the first signs of oncology will vary. In the case of central cancer (cancer of the bronchus), a hacking dry cough develops first, later sputum appears, often it has blood impurities. For this form of the disease, the causeless occurrence of pneumonitis (inflammation of the lung), accompanied by an increase in temperature, increased cough, general weakness, and in some cases chest pains, is very characteristic. Peripheral cancer, which originates in the lung tissue, is almost asymptomatic at the initial stage and is often detected during a preventive x-ray examination.

A brain tumor

Signs of oncological diseases of the brain are numerous, and they cannot be called specific. It is noteworthy that many neoplasms do not manifest themselves at all and are most often found only after death, at autopsy. This applies, for example, to a pituitary tumor. It should also be borne in mind that not all formations are malignant - benign tumors often appear in the same way as cancerous ones. The only way to check the nature of the symptoms present is to undergo an examination.

Symptoms in these types of oncology are associated with the pressure of the tumor on the brain and, in connection with this, a violation of its work. The signs are similar in both the primary and metastatic (when the neoplasm penetrates into other parts of the brain) stages and are characterized by weakness, headache, absent-mindedness, the appearance of convulsions and spasms, and difficulty in motor processes. Nausea and vomiting are also possible (especially in the morning), blurred vision, weakening of intellectual activity associated with impaired memory and concentration, a gradual decrease in mental activity, changes in emotional state, difficulty in speech processes. These symptoms, as a rule, do not appear immediately, so for a long time the disease may go unnoticed.

Finally

We have listed the signs of the main oncological diseases, but, of course, we have not touched on all types of cancer. There are a lot of them, and the symptoms in each case will be different. For example, the main manifestations of uterine cancer are bleeding and discharge in the form of whites from the vagina. The main symptom of esophageal cancer is pain when swallowing food, and the most common symptom of bladder cancer is blood in the urine. Do not be negligent about your health and immediately consult a doctor at the slightest suspicion of a terrible disease.

In most people, a cancerous tumor does not show symptoms that would solely indicate the disease. There are a lot of specific symptoms of oncological diseases - even more non-specific ones (such as malaise). Young women, for example, are more likely to ignore symptoms that may indicate cancer. Women often do not pay due attention to the symptoms of cancer, which indicate the onset of the disease. Meanwhile, untimely access to a doctor is a serious barrier to effective treatment of cancer.

As a rule, when we get sick, we rush to find “bad” symptoms in our body, think about the worst. How common are cancers and at what age? Symptoms of oncological diseases are extremely important in the process of detecting pathology. Common symptoms of oncological diseases include sudden weight loss, high fever, weakness and fatigue, soreness and changes in the quality of the skin. Of course, it should be borne in mind that the presence of any of the listed symptoms does not mean 100% that a person is suffering from cancer. However, the detection of any of these manifestations should give impetus to the passage of a thorough medical examination. Women over twenty-five years old are recommended to regularly examine the cervix for cancer, and over fifty years old - mammary glands. Breast cancer ranks first among all malignant diseases in women.

Common symptoms of oncology (cancer) in women and men

Common main symptoms that signal cancer in women and men are:

• a symptom of “unsuccessful treatment” (ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum, inflammation of the stomach, pharynx, bladder, pneumonia), when the patient tries to cure the disease for a long time, but there is no improvement;
• syndrome of "small signs" (increased fatigue, decreased performance, decrease or loss of interest in the outside world, discomfort, strong and short-term changes in body weight), incomprehensible discharge (blood, mucus, and others), persistent dysfunction of any organ, paraneoplastic syndromes.
• “plus tissue” symptom, that is, the growth of a volumetric formation. The “plus tissue” symptom is detected during examination and palpation. It is possible to detect asymmetry and deformation of a part of the body, palpate the tumor and assess its size, consistency, mobility, relationship with surrounding tissues, pain. Particular attention should be paid to the lymph nodes. Be sure to inspect and feel them. With lesions, they are enlarged, rounded, sometimes bumpy, dense, soldered to the surrounding tissues, limited mobility.

Symptom of oncological disease - sudden weight loss

Most people suffering from some type of cancer, in the early stages of the development of the disease, begin to lose weight dramatically. The first symptom of cancer can be weight loss of more than five kilograms in a short time.

Symptom of oncological disease - high body temperature and febrile state

A high body temperature can be observed in oncological diseases of a fairly high prevalence. A feverish condition overtakes cancer patients with anti-cancer therapy, which affects the body's immune forces, increasing susceptibility to the disease.

Symptoms of cancer - weakness and fatigue

Weakness and fatigue can be considered one of the most important symptoms of cancer. Fatigue can occur in the first stages of cancer development, when the progression of the disease is accompanied by blood loss, for example, in colon cancer.

Cancer symptom - soreness

Soreness can serve as an early manifestation of malignant neoplasms, for example, bone tissue.

A symptom of cancer - a change in the color and quality of the skin

Tumors of the skin and certain types of oncology of the internal organs can cause the development of dermatological signs of cancer, for example, darkening of the skin, yellowness of the skin, redness and scabies.

In addition to the general ones, there are also specific symptoms of oncological diseases that are characteristic of any particular type of cancer. Again, this does not mean at all that if you find any specific symptom from those listed, you should immediately think about an oncological disease. All symptoms that occur should be reported to the doctor.

Disorders of the stool and disruption of the bladder

Stool disorders can manifest themselves in persistent constipation or, conversely, in diarrhea. In addition, the amount of feces, their qualitative characteristics may change. When defecating, feces can go with blood impurities. When emptying the bladder, pain may be noted, urination may become frequent or less frequent. All these changes should be known to the doctor to build the correct clinical picture.

Bleeding or unusual discharge

Causeless bleeding can open both in the early stages of cancer development and in its advanced cases. Blood impurities in the sputum when coughing may indicate oncology of the lung tissue. Blood in the stool may indicate oncology of the colon or rectum. Cancer of the uterus or cervix can lead to vaginal bleeding. Oncology of the bladder can be expressed in blood impurities in the urine.

Digestive disorders and swallowing difficulties

These symptoms can be observed in various pathologies of a non-oncological nature, however, their combination may indicate oncology of the esophagus, pharynx, or gastrointestinal tract.

Symptoms of oncological diseases (cancer) in women

signs oncology at women. With early treatment of a woman to a doctor, a cure for cancer is quite possible - modern medicine has proven this more than once. However, our women are afraid or embarrassed to go to the doctor with seemingly trifling complaints and make a serious mistake, wasting precious time. We will talk about the main symptoms of cancer in the weak half of humanity. All women are aware of the existence of various oncological diseases. Unfortunately, in our time, such diseases occupy one of the main places in the structure of mortality.

1. Bleeding

One of the most alarming symptoms for women should be bleeding after menopause- that is, a year after the cessation of menstruation. Periods cannot return if they have already stopped. Do not think that this is normal - consult a doctor to clarify the circumstances.

Another serious symptom should be spotting after intercourse, intermenstrual bleeding or too heavy menstruation for 10-12 days, the appearance of pain during menstruation - this may be a sign of hormonal changes or cancer of the cervix or appendages.

The initial stages of cervical cancer are not difficult to diagnose, a smear is taken from the cervical canal for the study of special cells (cytology) and cancer markers.

To determine ovarian cancer, the volume of studies is more, ultrasound and blood tests for special markers specific to ovarian cancer are necessary.

2. Allocations

One of the signs of some types of endometrial cancer (the inner wall of the uterus), along with bleeding, is the appearance of unusual watery discharge with or without ichor from the genital tract. This symptom should be given special attention - sometimes, starting as a sign of infection, chronic inflammation passes into the oncogenic stage.

This type of cancer, with timely diagnosis, is treated surgically and can be completely cured of the disease.

3. Breast changes

Breast cancer is currently the number one oncological diseases at women which is the cause of their death. Every woman from 25-30 years old needs to know about self-examination of the breast. This is a completely painless procedure, which is recommended once a month at home in front of a mirror. With regular carrying out of this procedure on the same day of the cycle, you will thoroughly examine the tissue of the gland, which will allow you to notice a change in the breast or nipple in time. Most breast diseases in women can only be diagnosed in the laboratory (blood test for tumor markers).

Signs for concern should be any external differences compared to previous examinations:

• the appearance of a network of blood vessels on the skin, age spots or areas of "orange peel",
• change in the shape of the breast or nipple,
• the appearance of seals in the chest, which are not painful.
• discoloration of the areola of the nipple (if you are not pregnant and not lactating) and its peeling,
• discharge from the nipple, in the absence of lactation, especially if they are bloody or whitish.
• the appearance of dimples on the skin,
• an increase in the temperature of the chest or its separate area.

Also, “dimples” may appear on the skin of the chest, which are symptoms of cancer. These symptoms are a reason to see a doctor immediately.

4. Discomfort

One of the first symptoms of genital cancer in women is itching and discomfort in the area of ​​the labia, irritation or skin change not associated with infections or allergies. These changes are usually long and progressive - therefore, at the slightest discomfort, go to the doctor for an examination.

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For early diagnosis of neoplasms, each person should pay maximum attention to their health, be aware of their early signs. Not every tumor will be cancer, many of them have a completely benign course that does not require surgical intervention.

How to quickly and accurately determine what kind of tumor you have, we will describe below.

Differences between benign and malignant tumors

As a rule, neoplasms that are benign in nature are located in a dense capsule that separates and also protects them from surrounding tissues and structures. Therefore, they are not able to grow and metastasize quickly.

A malignant tumor is not limited by anything, it may even have a blurry outline. It has the ability to grow into neighboring structures, destroying their cells and causing pain impulses to a person. Atypical cells quickly divide and with the blood flow, lymph spreads everywhere - a new tumor focus is formed, with an identical structure. This process is called metastasis.

After removal of a malignant neoplasm by the method of complete excision, only one mutated cell is enough for its recurrence. Therefore, chemotherapy courses are prescribed by specialists - in order to prevent the very possibility of the appearance of a new focus of cancer.

Types of malignant tumors

Malignant tumors are classified by specialists into the following types:

1. Carcinomas - more often localized in the structures of the intestine, lungs, mammary or representative gland, as well as in the esophagus. It grows from epithelial tissue. Visually differ in direct proportion to the detection area. As a rule, this is a knot with a bumpy or matte surface, with a consistency of different hardness.
2. Sarcomas are formed from muscle or bone tissue. It is detected much less frequently - in 1-2% of cases. Localization is different - from the skin and uterus, to the articular structures and muscle mass of the thigh. Differs in high-speed growth and metastasis. Early recurrence after surgery is also typical.
3. Lymphomas are usually formed from lymphatic tissue. They can lead to significant functional disorders, since the lymphatic system, which is designed to actively protect the human body from infectious lesions, is not able to fully perform its work.
4. Gliomas - grow from glial cells in the brain. Accompanied by severe pain impulses, as well as persistent dizziness. In general, negative symptoms are determined by the localization of the tumor focus.
5. Melanomas - arise from degenerated melanocytes, as a rule, on the skin of the neck area, as well as limbs. They are rare in the practice of oncologists - no more than 1% of cases of the total volume of neoplasms. They are prone to metastasis.
6. Leukemia is atypia of bone marrow stem cells. In fact, this is a cancer of blood-forming elements that are carried with the bloodstream to any part of the body.
7. Teratomas are embryonic cells that are formed even at the time of intrauterine development under the influence of negative factors on the body of the expectant mother. They are most often found in the tissues of the ovaries and testicles, as well as the brain and sacrum.
8. Choriocarcinomas - are formed from placental tissues, only in the representatives of the female half of the population, they are mainly detected in the uterus, appendages.

Malignant tumors are distinguished in children under five years of age: osteosarcomas, nephroblastomas, lymphomas, as well as neuroblastomas, retinoblastomas and leukemias. Treatment should begin immediately, be comprehensive and comprehensive. The prognosis for survival is poor.

How to independently find a tumor and determine its type

In order to timely determine whether a malignant tumor or not, each person needs to navigate in certain signs that accompany a particular neoplasm.

The main signs of a malignant tumor:

• visual difference between the focus and surrounding tissues;
• lack of a clearly defined shell, capsule;
• active growth and spread of the tumor focus;
• the ability to grow into other tissues, through blood structures and lymphatic ducts.

On their own, a person can identify in himself with a careful examination:

• slight induration, swelling;
• tendency to increased bleeding formation;
• pronounced, prolonged inflammatory processes;
• color change;
• increase in the parameters of the nearest groups of lymph nodes;
• the appearance of myalgia, various arthralgia;
• unexplained weight loss;
• neurological disorders - previously uncharacteristic irritability, fatigue, decreased ability to work;
• increased sweating.

Such symptoms of malignant tumors are nonspecific, require mandatory consultation of a specialist, as well as instrumental and laboratory confirmation.

A brain tumor

Atypia of neurocytes can form in any structure of the brain. It can be either a primary focus or secondary metastasis from some other focus. The degree of danger to the life and health of the patient directly depends on the localization of the neoplasm, the rate of its germination in the surrounding tissues, the age category of the person, and susceptibility to medications.

The most characteristic symptom that allows one to suspect the presence of a tumor focus is, of course, persistent pain in one or another area of ​​the head. It is not stopped by taking even the most modern analgesics, only the intensity decreases somewhat.

At the initial stages of its appearance, brain lesions do not manifest themselves in any way. Occasionally, a person may experience mild nausea, dizziness, weakness, but they are attributed to other diseases and negative conditions. For example, overwork, beriberi, acute respiratory infections.

In addition to cephalgia, there are also - an unpleasant feeling of fullness in the head, discomfort, heaviness. Neurological disorders can be observed, with a severe, rapidly progressive course up to a coma.

The prognosis of survival will depend on the stage at which the oncological process was detected and the timeliness of therapeutic measures, as well as the size of the focus and the general initial state of the patient's health.

Tumor of the mammary glands

One day, during a self-examination, which every woman should regularly conduct at herself, previously not present seals in the mammary gland, a change in its shape and outlines, can be detected.
Locally, changes in the coloration of the skin, retractions or various protrusions can be detected. Even with their minimum size, you should immediately contact a specialist.

The retraction of the nipple, discharge from it, especially bloody, swelling of the tissues around it, are alarming. Inspection should be carried out not only standing, but also in a horizontal position. Palpation is performed in the direction from the nipple to the periphery - in the structure of a healthy mammary gland, there should be no seals, even painless ones.

An unfavorable sign is the presence of enlarged lymph nodes in the armpit or shoulder area. Especially in combination with other symptoms of a weakening of the body - nausea, weight loss, temperature fluctuations, various pain impulses, and a decrease in working capacity.

Only an oncologist should treat such conditions. Self-medication is absolutely prohibited.

Tumor of the uterus and ovaries

If atypical elements occur in the tissues of the reproductive organs of a woman, there may be no symptoms in a malignant tumor. Most often, its appearance is preceded by poorly treated, or inflammatory or infectious pathologies that were not noticed at all by a woman. Sometimes it is a direct consequence of the growth of the endometrium.

As the parameters of the tumor focus in the uterus increase, negative discharges will be observed from the vagina - leucorrhoea, then they acquire a putrid odor, streaks of blood may be present.

Often there are failures in the menstrual cycle - in the intervals there are episodes of spotting. Sexual intercourse is accompanied by painful sensations, increased whiteness. The tactics of treatment is determined individually - at the initial stages, conservative therapy can be dispensed with, at stages 3-4, surgical intervention is required.

In the structures of the ovaries, malignant foci can form primarily, or from already existing benign neoplasms. Initially, there are no negative symptoms. Then there are general and specific manifestations - pain in the lower abdomen, during urination and bowel movements, as well as during sexual intercourse.

Decreased appetite and ability to work, rapid weight loss against the background of a general increase in the abdomen. Severe weakness, persistent dizziness, bleeding from the genital tract.

The root cause of the formation of a malignant focus in the ovary can be not only an unfavorable hereditary predisposition and toxic environmental effects, infectious pathologies and viral diseases, for example, papillomavirus.

Neoplasms in other organs and tissues of the body - the stomach, intestines, lungs, also occur. As the disease progresses, negative symptoms increase, and the survival prognosis worsens. Mandatory early treatment and adequate therapeutic measures are required.