INSTRUCTIONS
ON LABOR SAFETY No. __________
FOR EXTERNAL PIPING INSTALLER
1. General Provisions
1.1. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise.
1.2. According to these instructions, the installer of external pipelines (hereinafter referred to as the installer) is instructed before starting work (initial instruction), and then every 3 months (re-instruction).
The results of the briefing are recorded in the βJournal of registration of briefings on labor protection issues. In the journal, after passing the briefing, there must be the signatures of the instructing person and the installer.
1.3. The owner must insure the installer against accidents and occupational diseases.
In case of damage to the health of the installer due to the fault of the owner, he (the installer) has the right to compensation for the harm caused to him.
1.4. For non-compliance with this instruction, the installer bears disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability.
1.5. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination and have no medical contraindications, have undergone professional training and have the appropriate qualifications are allowed to work as an installer of external pipelines; passed an introductory briefing on labor protection, a briefing at the workplace and a briefing on fire safety.
1.6. The installer must:
1.6.1. Comply with internal labor regulations.
1.6.2. Be attentive to the signals of moving machines and mechanisms.
1.6.3. Perform only the work that is assigned by the work manager and in which he is instructed.
1.6.4. Keep unauthorized persons out of the work area.
1.6.5. Do not clutter up your workspace.
1.6.6. Do not follow instructions that are contrary to the rules of labor protection.
1.6.7. Know how to provide first aid to victims of accidents.
1.6.8. Be familiar with the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment.
1.6.9. Remember personal responsibility for the implementation of labor protection rules and responsibility for colleagues.
1.6.10. Use overalls and personal protective equipment.
1.7. The main dangerous and harmful production factors that affect the installer:
Moving machines, mechanisms;
Cluttering of the working area, workplace;
Lack of special devices, tools and equipment to perform work in accordance with the accepted technology;
Unprotected conductive parts of electrical equipment;
Insufficient illumination of the working area;
Harmful components emitted during welding robots;
Decreased air temperature during the cold season.
1.8. The installer is provided with overalls and personal protective equipment in accordance with the collective agreement (agreement).
1.9. In the case of combining work on gas, electric welding, slinging work, the installer must have the appropriate certificates and be instructed in these types of work.
1.10. When performing earthworks, the installer must be instructed in this type of work (instruction for the excavator).
1.11. Before the construction of external pipelines for water supply, sewerage, gas pipelines, it is necessary to mark the route, which is carried out in accordance with the project for the execution of works and the execution of earthworks in accordance with section 9 of SNiP III-4-80 βSafety in constructionβ.
1.12. Installation of pipelines in prepared trenches includes the following operations:
1.12.1. Cleaning the bottom and walls of trenches.
1.12.2. Preparation of a pit in places of welding and isolation of joints.
1.12.3. Construction of the foundation for the pipeline.
1.12.4. Execution of the bottom of wells and chambers.
1.12.5. Descent of pipes into trenches.
1.12.6. Assembly and welding of closing joints.
1.12.7. Installation of fittings and fittings.
1.12.8. Air purge.
1.12.9. Preliminary test.
1.12.10. Joint insulation.
1.12.11. Backfilling of the pipeline.
1.13. When carrying out earthworks on roads, driveways, in the yards of settlements, it is necessary to install a continuous fence from inventory boards.
Warning signs and light signs must be posted on the fence.
It is necessary to provide measures for the removal of atmospheric water.
1.14. When working with insulating and sealing materials, the installer must be instructed in the rules of labor protection during their preparation and use.
2. Safety requirements before starting work
2.1. Receive a task from the work manager and familiarize yourself with the work execution plan (PWR).
2.2. Check and put on overalls and personal protective equipment.
2.3. Check the availability and serviceability of tools, lifting devices and other equipment.
2.4. Check the condition of the slopes and the reliability of the fastening of the walls of the trenches.
2.5. Make sure there is no water in the trench.
Laying pipelines in a trench filled with water is allowed at a water depth of not more than 0.3 m, at a greater depth the water must be pumped out.
2.6. Make sure that the mechanisms are installed securely, the cables are fastened to the pipelines, and that there are no obstacles for their free movement when laying pipelines through water barriers, tunnels.
2.7. Free up passages to the installation site, free them from debris, and in winter from ice and snow.
3. Safety requirements during work
3.1. The installation of pipelines shall be carried out in accordance with the PVR after checking the compliance with the design of the dimensions of the trenches, fastening of the walls, bottom marks, and in case of ground laying - supporting structures. The results of the check are reflected in the work progress log.
3.2. Installation of pipelines and fittings that were in operation is allowed only if there is an act that confirms the absence of remnants of technological products in them and which gives permission to perform work.
3.3. The sections taken out to the route and the welded threads of the pipelines are placed along the trench for preparatory work (docking, cleaning, tacking) at a distance of at least 1.5 m from the side surface of the pipe to the edge of the trench in the absence of a slope towards the trench.
Otherwise, the pipes are laid on the other side of the excavated soil.
3.4. When laying pipes intended for domestic water supply, surface and waste water should not be allowed to enter them.
3.5. The welded sections are laid on special linings (beds) or rollers made of compacted soil, excluding their subsidence and spontaneous displacement.
The sunbeds are laid in such a way that they overlap the trench, and their ends are located from the edge of the trench at a distance that excludes the possibility of collapse of the walls of the trench.
3.6. When installing fittings, check the alignment of the bolt holes using a mandrel and mounting crowbars.
Doing this with your fingers is not allowed.
Special wire hooks should be used to refuel gaskets for flange connections.
3.7. The tightening of the bolts (studs) is carried out evenly with alternate tightening of the nuts arranged crosswise with the flanges parallel.
Aligning the misalignment of the flanges by unevenly tightening the bolts (studs) and eliminating the gap between the flanges using wedge-shaped gaskets or washers is prohibited.
3.8. When laying pipes on straight sections of the route, the connected ends of adjacent pipes must be centered so that the width of the socket slot is the same along the entire perimeter.
3.9. It is necessary to turn pipes over when centering and welding joints with special pipe wrenches.
3.10. In places where curvilinear inserts, coils and stop valves are installed, the trench must be increased by 1.25 m on both sides of the pipeline in a section of at least 3 m in length.
Under the butt welding of the pipeline, it is necessary to arrange a pit with a depth of 0.5 m.
Perform work in the presence and under the direct supervision of the work manager.
3.11. In the case of welding inside the pipeline, ventilation must be provided.
It is forbidden to simultaneously perform work for a gas welder and an electric welder inside the pipelines.
3.12. If it is necessary to weld inside a pipe or pipeline, as well as when welding outside after rain or snowfall, the welder, in addition to overalls, must use dielectric gloves, galoshes, a rug, as well as a dielectric helmet.
3.13. The free ends of the pipelines to be installed, as well as openings in the flanges of shut-off and other valves during breaks in work, must be closed with plugs or wooden plugs.
3.14. Laying the pipe in the trench is carried out by pipelayers, as well as cranes.
Lifting machines and mechanisms must be located at a distance of at least 1 m from the edge of the trench.
3.15. The bottom of the trench before laying pipes must be cleared of collapsed soil.
If the collapse occurred during the lowering of the pipeline, then it is allowed to remove the soil only after special beds are placed under the pipeline across the trench, ensuring a reliable and stable position of the pipeline.
The ends of the sunbeds should extend beyond the edge of the trench by at least 1 m.
3.16. Before signaling to raise a section, make sure that:
3.16.1. The section is securely slinged and is not held by anything.
3.16.2. There are no earth, stones, ice and other foreign objects inside the section.
3.16.3. There are no people in the range of the boom of the crane or pipelayer.
Signals must be given by a foreman or a pipe-laying slinger assigned to this job.
3.17. When moving pipes and assembled sections with an anti-corrosion coating, soft tongs, flexible towels and other means should be used to prevent damage to this coating.
3.18. To lift and move sections of pipelines in a horizontal position, at least two slings or special traverses should be used.
3.19. When lowering pipes into trenches with reinforced walls, it is not allowed to remove the spacers.
With the permission and under the direct supervision of the work manager, it is allowed to remove individual spacers, but subject to simultaneous re-fastening.
3.20. It is not allowed to lay or support pipes, fittings and other loads on the trench fastening struts.
3.21. When lifting and lowering pipes and fittings weighing more than 250 kg, only steel cables should be used for slinging.
It is forbidden to use hemp cables or ropes for this.
3.22. Cast-iron pipes with a diameter of up to 250 mm and sewer pipes of small cross section can be manually lowered into the trench only with a rope.
3.23. The use of spliced ββsteel cables and hemp ropes for lowering pipes into the trench is not allowed.
3.24. When lowering a cast-iron pipe with a diameter of more than 600 mm manually along the slope of the trench, the ends of the cable must be securely fixed on the opposite side of the trench.
3.25. When lowering a socket pipe into a trench, the cable must be fixed as close as possible to the socket (to the center of gravity). To prevent the cable from slipping, the pipes should be lowered into the trench with the socket up.
3.26. When lifting and lowering heavy reinforcement into the trench, the slings must be applied to the reinforcement body; do not put slings on the rods or flywheels.
3.27. Light pipes and fittings should be lowered into the trench, passing them from hand to hand. Throwing them into the trench is prohibited.
3.28. The lowering of pipes, pipeline sections, fittings and fittings into the trench should be carried out slowly, without jerks and impacts of the load on the walls and bottom of the trench or on the fastening struts.
3.29. When lowering pipes and fittings into the trench, it is necessary to be at least 2 m from the edge of the load.
Approaching the ends of pipes and fittings lowered into the trench for laying them in place is allowed only when the load is no more than 30 cm from the bottom of the trench.
3.30. Rolling pipes, as well as dumping them and fittings, fittings into trenches using crowbars, levers is prohibited.
3.31. It is possible to release the pipes laid in the trenches from the gripping devices of the lifting mechanisms only after they are securely laid on permanent supports.
3.32. If any changes in the condition of the slopes of the trench or a malfunction in their fastening are detected, the work must be stopped and reported to the work manager.
3.33. Portable ladders should be used to descend into the trench.
You can not go down the trench struts.
It is allowed to cross the trench on walkways with a width of at least 0.6 m with railings with a height of at least 1.1 m.
3.34. It is not allowed to perform pipeline work in chambers, wells, tunnels with an air temperature of more than 40 Β° C without supply and exhaust ventilation.
3.3.5. It is allowed to lay two or more gas pipelines in one trench at the same or different levels (steps). At the same time, a sufficient distance between them should be provided for the installation and repair of the gas pipeline.
3.36. In places where gas pipelines cross heat network channels, communication collectors, channels for various purposes with passage above or below the crossed structures, it is necessary to lay the gas pipeline in a case. The case should protrude 2 m on both sides of the outer walls of the structures to be crossed. It is also necessary to make a non-destructive inspection of all welded joints within the boundaries of the intersection and 5 m away from the outer walls of the structures being crossed.
At one end of the case, a control tube must be provided that extends under the protective device.
3.37. When working in water-saturated and waterlogged soils (quicksand) using a steel box, it is prohibited:
3.37.1. Be between the box and the trench wall.
3.37.2. To be in the box when raising or lowering the pipe.
3.37.3. Stay between the box and the pipe until it is completely lowered onto the ground or concrete base.
3.37.4. The installation of the box is carried out only with the use of stretch marks.
3.38. To go down into the box and out of it follows the ladder.
3.39. The depth of open pits for sealing the joints of cast-iron water pipes should be no more than 0.4 m for pipes with a diameter of up to 300 mm.
3.40. For welded steel pipes, the depth of the pit should be no more than 0.7 m. With a greater depth of the pit, it is necessary to install a fastener.
3.41. Sealing joints of reinforced concrete and other pipes with solutions using liquid glass should be carried out in rubber gloves.
3.42. The joints of reinforced concrete socket pipes with smooth ends, when they are connected with mortar on couplings, should be sealed with rubber rings.
3.43. Lead for pouring pipe sockets is allowed to be melted at such a distance from the trench (well) that if the vessel is accidentally turned over, the molten lead does not fall on the worker below.
3.44. A vessel with molten metal should be lowered to the bottom of the pit (trench) on a strong rope.
It is allowed to accept a vessel with lead only after its reliable installation on the bottom of the pit (trench).
3.45. When filling the sockets with lead, you should use a special bucket with a spout and a long handle. It is necessary to work in safety glasses and canvas gloves.
The sockets must be thoroughly dried before pouring with lead.
3.46. Boilers for cooking and heating insulating and bituminous mastics must be in good order and have tightly closed fireproof lids.
Filling the boilers is allowed no more than 3/4 of their volume.
The filler must be dry.
3.47. It is possible to deliver bituminous mastic to workplaces only with the help of lifting mechanisms or through a bitumen pipeline.
To transfer hot bitumen at workplaces, metal tanks should be used, which have the shape of a cut cone, with the wide part facing down, with tight-fitting lids and locking devices.
Fill the tank to 3/4 of the volume.
Bitumen should be poured into tanks through a fitting with a valve equipped in the lower part of the boiler.
3.48. It is not allowed to use bituminous mastics with temperatures above 180 Β°C.
3.49. It is forbidden to move hot mastic in an open container, transfer from hand to hand when climbing to a height.
3.50. Boilers for cooking and heating bituminous mastics must be equipped with temperature measuring instruments.
3.51. The site where the bitumen is heated must be provided with a box of sand, a shovel, a fire extinguisher.
3.52. It is allowed to mix bitumen with gasoline, diesel fuel or other organic solvents at a distance of at least 50 m from an open flame.
It is forbidden to pour the solvent into the molten bitumen (during the preparation of the primer), as this may cause an explosion.
It is necessary to pour bitumen into gasoline with constant stirring with a wooden mixer.
Bitumen temperature should not exceed 70Β°C.
3.53. Thermal insulation work on pipelines should be carried out, as a rule, before their installation or after permanent fixing in accordance with the project.
3.54. Dismantling of the fastening of trenches and pits should be carried out from the bottom up as the soil is backfilled.
The number of simultaneously removed boards in height should not exceed three, and in loose and unstable soils - one. When removing boards, the spacers should be rearranged accordingly, and existing spacers should be removed only after new ones have been installed.
Mounting disassembly should be carried out in the presence of the work manager.
3.55. It is possible to fill up pits and trenches only with the permission of the work manager and in his presence, subject to the following requirements:
3.55.1. Before backfilling the trench, make sure that there are no people in it.
3.55.2. Remove spacers gradually from below as directed by the supervisor.
3.55.3. In quicksand or when located near the foundations of buildings (if the base of the foundation is above the bottom of the trench), the fastening is left in the ground.
3.55.4. Fall asleep in layers of 30-40 cm, compacting each layer with manual or mechanized rammers.
4. Safety requirements
when testing pipelines
4.1. Before starting the testing of pipelines, it is necessary to check the presence and serviceability of stops at their ends, which provide stress compensation, and, if necessary, tighten loose bolts and studs for fastening pipelines to supports.
If a section of the pipeline is to be tested, then it must be isolated from adjacent sections with plugs or fittings.
4.2. The connection of the test pipeline to the hydraulic press, pump or network that creates the necessary pressure must be carried out using two shut-off valves.
After reaching the required pressure, the pipeline must be disconnected from the press, pump or network.
4.3. Raising and lowering pressure in pipelines should be carried out evenly, without shocks and shocks, with constant monitoring of instrument readings and the state of the system under test.
4.4. The test pressure must be maintained for 5 minutes, after which it is reduced to the working pressure. At this pressure, it is necessary to inspect the pipeline.
4.5. During pneumatic testing of the pipeline, the compressor must be located at a distance of at least 10 m from the tested pipeline.
4.6. Tapping of welds during inspection should be performed with a hammer weighing no more than 1.5 kg.
Pipelines made of non-ferrous metals and alloys can only be tapped with wooden hammers weighing no more than 0.8 kg.
Pipelines made of other metals and materials are not allowed to be tapped.
4.7. Connecting and disconnecting lines supplying compressed air from the compressor is only allowed after the air supply has been stopped.
4.8.1. When pressure rises in pipelines, be opposite flange connections and seams.
4.8.2. Eliminate defects while the pipeline is under pressure.
4.8.3. Be in the danger zone while pressurizing pipelines and testing them for strength.
4.9. After the test, the pipelines must be blown and flushed to remove contamination and scale.
To do this, the pipeline must be divided into parts, to ensure the free exit of the injected air or steam by removing the plugs or individual parts and components of the pipeline.
Install strong shields at open ends to protect workers from scale.
After flushing the pipelines, the used water must be diverted to the sewer.
4.10. At the points of connection to water or air pipelines, valves or taps should be provided, which should be located at a height accessible for opening and closing without the use of ladders.
4.11. Relief valves shall be capable of relieving excessive pressure and shall be so adjusted that it is not possible for the pipeline under test to be pressurized above the specified value.
4.12. Workers participating in pipeline testing robots must know the location of fittings, plugs, fittings for removing air from pipelines, the connection points to the water or air supplied for testing, the connection points for manual or driven pumps or compressors, the location of pressure gauges on the pipeline being tested, as well as the location of the safety valves.
5. Safety requirements after finishing work
5.1. Remove the tool from the workplace, rinse it, lubricate it and put it in the place intended for it.
5.2. Clean all rigging fixtures of dirt and put them in the place intended for them.
5.3. Remove overalls, personal protective equipment, put in order and put in the place provided for them.
5.4. Wash hands, face with warm water and soap; shower if possible.
5.5. Report to the head of work on all the shortcomings that occurred during work.
6. Safety requirements in emergency situations
6.1. An emergency situation may arise in the event of: soil collapse in trenches, pits; breakage of cables, ropes; falling pipelines; failure of equipment during testing of pipelines; falling from a height; electric shock and so on.
6.2. In the event of an emergency, immediately stop work; disconnect all consumers from the power supply; protect the danger zone; keep unauthorized persons out.
6.3. Report what happened to the supervisor.
6.4. If an accident occurs, provide first aid to the victim; if necessary, call an ambulance.
6.5. Providing first aid.
6.5.1. First aid for electric shock.
In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to turn it off, pull him away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.
If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state of recovery, it is necessary to start immediately, and then call an ambulance.
6.5.2. First aid for injury.
To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage.
If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds.
6.5.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks.
In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.
In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.
If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach, face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.
In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.
6.5.4. First aid for burns with acids and alkali.
If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly rinsed with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burned with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or an acetic solution. acids.
If acid or alkali gets on the mucous membrane of the eyes, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the eyes with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with a 2% solution of baking soda, and if the eyes are damaged by alkali, with a 2% solution of boric acid.
In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, in case of acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda.
If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray gun, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid.
6.5.5. First aid for bleeding.
6.5.5.1. Raise the injured limb up.
6.5.5.2. Close the wound with a dressing (from a bag), folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure).
6.5.5.3. In case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.
6.6. If a fire occurs, start extinguishing with the available fire extinguishing equipment. If necessary, call the fire department.
6.7. In all cases, follow the instructions of the head.
________________________ ________________ _________________
(head position
divisions
/organizations/ - developer)
AGREED:
Head (specialist)
security services
labor of the enterprise ______________ _______________
(personal signature) (surname, initials)
Legal Counsel ______________ _______________
(personal signature) (surname, initials)
Chief technologist ______________ _______________
(personal signature) (surname, initials)
This safety manual for process piping installer is available to view and download free of charge.
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION
1.1. To perform work by the profession of an installer of technological pipelines (hereinafter referred to as the installer), workers are allowed at least 18 years of age who have the necessary theoretical and practical training, have undergone a medical examination and have no contraindications for health reasons, have passed introductory and primary workplace safety briefings and training according to a special program, certified by the qualification commission and received admission to independent work.
1.2. The installer must periodically, at least once a year, undergo training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements and obtain a permit for work of increased danger.
1.3. The installer, regardless of qualifications and work experience, at least once every three months, must undergo a repeated safety briefing; in case of violation by the installer of labor protection requirements, as well as during a break in work for more than 30 calendar days, he must undergo an unscheduled briefing.
1.4. An installer who has not undergone timely briefings, training and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements is not allowed to work independently.
1.5. An installer admitted to independent work must know: the rules for installing equipment and technological pipelines. Rules for handling gas cylinders and their transportation. Signals when installing pipelines with cranes. Rules, norms and instructions for labor protection and fire safety. Rules for the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment. Methods of first aid in case of accidents. Rules of internal labor regulations of the organization.
1.6. An installer who has shown unsatisfactory skills and knowledge of labor protection requirements during the installation of technological pipelines is not allowed to work independently.
1.7. An installer sent to participate in work unusual for his profession must undergo a targeted briefing on the safe performance of the upcoming work.
1.8. The installer is prohibited from using tools, fixtures and equipment, the safe handling of which he has not been trained.
1.9. In the process of performing work, the installer may be affected mainly by the following hazardous and harmful production factors:
- a load falling from a height (for example, if the strapping of the mounted structure is incorrect or the sling breaks);
β falling tools, parts, assemblies, structures;
β moving goods (for example, erected structures);
- electric current, the path of which, in the event of a short circuit, can pass through the human body;
- a shock wave and fragments of a cylinder, which was under pressure of compressed gas, flying apart as a result of an explosion;
- a jet of gas flowing out at high speed from a cylinder under pressure;
- harmful chemical gaseous substances that enter the human body through the respiratory system;
- burrs, irregularities and roughness of the surfaces of tools, parts, equipment;
- physical overload;
- insufficient illumination of the working area.
1.10. To prevent the adverse effects on health of hazardous and harmful production factors, the installer should use overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment.
1.11. To prevent accidents, the installer should be aware of the existing restrictions on the weight of the manually moved load: when moving the load at a distance of up to 25 m, each man should have no more than 50 kg.
1.12. To prevent the possibility of a fire, the installer must comply with the fire safety requirements himself and prevent violations of these requirements by other workers; Smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas.
1.13. If an accident occurs with any of the employees, then the victim must be given first aid, report the incident to the manager and maintain the situation of the incident, if this does not create a danger to others.
1.14. The installer, if necessary, must be able to provide first aid, use a first aid kit.
1.15. There should be a first aid kit in a conspicuous and accessible place.
1.16. To prevent the possibility of illness, the installer should follow the rules of personal hygiene, including washing hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating.
1.17. The installer is obliged to ensure that there are no strangers in the working area.
1.18. It is not allowed to perform work while in a state of alcoholic intoxication or in a state caused by the consumption of narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances, as well as to drink alcoholic beverages, use narcotic drugs, psychotropic, toxic or other intoxicating substances at the workplace or at work. time.
1.19. An installer who has committed a violation or non-compliance with the requirements of the labor protection instructions is considered as a violator of industrial discipline and may be subject to disciplinary liability, and, depending on the consequences, to criminal liability; if the violation is associated with causing material damage, then the perpetrator may be held liable in accordance with the established procedure.
2. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK
2.1. Before starting work, the installer should put on overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment necessary for work against the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors, including a safety helmet.
2.2. Overalls must be of the appropriate size, clean and not restrict movement.
2.3. After receiving the task to perform the work, the installer must:
- check the workplace and approaches to it for compliance with safety requirements;
- select the technological equipment and tools necessary to perform the work, check their serviceability;
- inspect the elements of the equipment to be mounted, intended for the installation of pipelines, and make sure that they do not have defects.
2.4. The installer must not start work in the following cases:
- in case of malfunctions of technological equipment, means of protecting workers;
- in case of untimely carrying out of the next tests of technological equipment, tools and devices;
- in case of untimely carrying out of the next tests or the expiration of the service life of the protective equipment for workers;
- with insufficient illumination of workplaces and approaches to them.
2.5. The installer must personally make sure that all the measures necessary to ensure the safety of the work to be performed are carried out.
3. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK
3.1. To enter the workplace, the installer must use the equipped access systems (stairs, ladders, etc.).
3.2. The presence of the installer on the elements of the mounted technological pipelines held by the crane is not allowed.
3.3. When installing the pipeline, signals to the crane operator should be given by only one employee: when slinging pipe assemblies and blocks by the slinger, when they are installed in the design position by the foreman of the installers, except for the βStopβ signal, which can be given by any employee who has noticed a clear danger.
3.4. In the process of moving pipe assemblies and blocks to the installation site using a crane, the installer must observe the following dimensions for approaching them to previously installed structures and structures:
- admissible approach of the crane boom - no more than 1 m;
- minimum clearance when moving pipe assemblies and blocks over previously installed ones - 0.5 m;
β admissible approximation of the rotary part of the crane β not less than 1 m.
3.5. Preliminary guidance of the pipe to the installation site must be carried out with the help of hemp or nylon rope braces.
3.6. In the process of lifting-feeding and pointing the pipe to the installation site, the installer is prohibited from winding the end of the rope around his hand.
3.7. Before installing pipe assemblies and blocks in the design position, the installer must do the following:
- inspect the installation site of the structure;
- prepare the necessary equipment for fixing the structure;
- check the absence of people directly under the installation site of the structure;
- it is forbidden to find people under the mounted equipment.
3.8. When installing pipe assemblies and blocks in the design position, the installer must:
- to guide the structure to the installation site without applying significant physical effort;
- carry out the final alignment of the mounted structures using a special tool (for example, conical mandrels); check the coincidence of the holes with your fingers is not allowed.
3.9. After installing the structure in the design position, it is necessary to fix it in accordance with the requirements of the project; at the same time, the stability and immobility of the mounted structure must be ensured when exposed to mounting loads.
3.10. When working with an assembly piston gun, the installer must comply with the following safety requirements:
- work only with a serviceable pistol;
- load the pistol only at the place where the dowels are driven in after full preparation for the shot;
- select dowels and cartridges in accordance with the table placed on the inside of the pistol case;
- use dowels and cartridges only factory-made, corresponding to this type of pistol.
3.11. At the moment of firing, the axis of the pistol must be at right angles to the target surface, and the hand supporting the target item must be at a distance of at least 150 mm from the dowel drive point.
3.12. Before starting work with a cylinder filled with gas, the installer should familiarize himself with its main characteristics, which should be stamped on the upper spherical part of the cylinder (cylinder mass, date of the next technical examination, working pressure, cylinder capacity, etc.).
3.13. The outer surface of the cylinders must be painted in the appropriate color with an inscription about what gas is contained in the cylinder.
3.14. When installing the cylinders, the possibility of their overturning must be excluded.
3.15. When working with power tools, the installer must take the following safety precautions:
- in the production of installation work, manual electric machines of II and III protection classes should be used, as they most fully meet the conditions of labor safety;
- when working with a power tool, it is forbidden to contact electrical wires with metal objects, as well as hot, wet and oily objects;
- if a short circuit to the body of the power tool or other malfunction is detected, work with it must be immediately stopped;
- the installer is prohibited from handing over a hand-held power tool to other employees, at least for a short time, disassembling it and repairing wires, plugs and sockets on his own;
- during interruptions in the supply of current while working with power tools, a break in work or absence of the installer from the workplace, the hand-held power tool must be disconnected from the mains;
- it is forbidden to hold the power tool by the wire, touch the rotating tool with your hands or replace the cutting tool until it stops completely, and also work in mittens, and not in dielectric gloves;
- it is forbidden to remove sawdust with your hands during the operation of the cutting tool until it stops completely;
- it is unacceptable to perform work with power tools from ladders; at a height of more than 1.0 m, a special fenced area should be arranged for working with power tools.
3.16. Hand tools should, if possible, be assigned to the installer for individual use.
3.17. The tool at the workplace must be positioned so that it cannot roll and fall.
3.18. The dimensions of the opening (grip) of the wrenches should not exceed the dimensions of the heads of the bolts (faces of the nuts) by more than 0.3 mm; at the same time, it is not allowed to use linings with a gap between the planes of the jaws and heads of bolts or nuts more than allowed; the working surfaces of wrenches should not have knocked down bevels, and the handles should not have burrs; when unscrewing and tightening nuts and bolts, it is forbidden to lengthen wrenches with additional levers, second keys or pipes; if necessary, use wrenches with long handles.
3.19. The screwdriver must be selected according to the width of the working part (blade), depending on the size of the slot in the screw head.
3.20. Surfaces of metal handles of metal shears, pliers, etc. tools must be smooth (without dents, notches and burrs).
3.21. Hammer heads should have a smooth, slightly convex surface without gouges, chips, gouges, cracks and burrs.
3.22. The handles of hammers and other impact tools must be made of dry hardwood (birch, oak, beech, maple, ash, mountain ash) without knots and slant or from synthetic materials that ensure operational strength and reliability in operation; do not use handles made of soft and large-layered wood (spruce, pine, etc.), as well as raw wood; the handles must have an oval shape along the entire length in cross section, be smooth and not have cracks; to the free end of the handle should thicken somewhat to avoid slipping out of the hands; the axis of the handle must be strictly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool; wedges for strengthening the tool on the handle must be made of mild steel and have notches (ruffs).
3.23. It is forbidden to work with a tool, the handles of which are planted on pointed ends (files, scrapers, etc.) without metal retaining rings.
3.24. The impact tool (chisels, barbs, notches, cores, etc.) must have a smooth occipital part without cracks, burrs, work hardening and bevels; there should be no damage at the working end of the tool.
4. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
4.1. In the event of a malfunction of the crane, lifting devices or technological equipment, the installer is obliged to give the crane operator the βStopβ command and notify the work manager about this.
4.2. If an unstable position of the mounted structures, technological equipment or protective equipment is detected, the installer must notify the work manager or foreman about this.
4.3. In case of detection of violations of labor protection requirements that pose a threat to health or personal safety, the installer must contact the work manager and inform him about it; until the threat is eliminated, stop work and leave the danger zone.
4.4. If malfunctions of the tool or equipment used are found during operation, work should be stopped immediately and reported to your immediate supervisor. It is not allowed to continue working with a defective tool or equipment.
4.5. In case of an accident, poisoning, sudden illness, you must immediately provide first aid to the victim, call a doctor by calling 103 or 112, or help deliver the victim to a doctor, and then inform the manager about the incident.
4.6. If a fire or signs of burning are detected (smoke, burning smell, temperature rise, etc.), you must immediately notify the fire department by calling 101 or 112.
4.7. Prior to the arrival of the fire brigade, it is necessary to take measures to evacuate people, property and start extinguishing the fire.
4.8. It is necessary to organize a meeting of fire departments and provide assistance in choosing the shortest path to the entrance to the fire.
5. REQUIREMENTS FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY AFTER THE END OF WORK
5.1. Upon completion of work, the installer must:
5.1.1. Place the used tools, load-handling devices, technological equipment and protective equipment for workers in the place provided for storage.
5.1.2. Clear the workplace from mounted structures and put it in order.
5.1.3. Take off overalls, special footwear and other personal protective equipment and put them in the designated storage place, if necessary - hand over for washing, cleaning.
5.1.4. Wash hands thoroughly with warm water and soap, take a shower if necessary.
5.1.5. Report all problems and malfunctions of the tools and equipment used, as well as other violations of labor protection requirements, to be reported to your immediate supervisor.
Standard instruction on labor protection
for installers of external pipelines
TI RO-040-2003
This industry standard instruction has been developed taking into account the requirements of legislative acts of other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation containing state regulatory requirements for labor protection and is intended for installers of external pipelines (hereinafter referred to as installers) when they perform work according to their profession and qualifications.
General safety requirements
1. Employees at least 18 years of age who have undergone appropriate training and have professional skills to work as assemblers, before being allowed to work independently, must pass:
mandatory preliminary (when applying for a job) and periodic (during employment) medical examinations (examinations) for recognition as fit for work in the manner established by the Ministry of Health of Russia;
training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, briefing on labor protection, internships at the workplace and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements.
2. Installers are obliged to comply with labor safety requirements to ensure protection from the impact of hazardous and harmful production factors related to the nature of the work:
location of workplaces at a considerable height;
moving structures;
falling of upstream materials, tools;
moving machines and their working bodies;
overturning of cars, falling of their parts.
3. To protect against mechanical impacts, installers are required to use the following free of charge provided by employers: cotton suits with water-repellent impregnation, leather boots, combined gloves, as well as suits with insulating padding and felt boots for the winter period of the year.
Installers must wear safety helmets when on site. In addition, when working at height, installers must use safety belts and safety devices, and when working in wells, safety belts and hose gas masks for respiratory protection.
4. Being on the territory of the construction (production) site, in industrial and amenity premises, work areas and workplaces, installers are obliged to comply with the internal regulations adopted in this organization.
Admission of unauthorized persons, as well as employees in a state of intoxication to these places is prohibited.
5. In the course of their daily activities, installers must:
use in the process of work means of small-scale mechanization, for their intended purpose, in accordance with the instructions of manufacturers;
maintain order at workplaces, clean them of debris, snow, ice, prevent violations of the rules for storing materials and structures;
be careful during work and avoid violations of labor safety requirements.
6. Installers are obliged to immediately notify their immediate or higher supervisor of any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about each accident that occurred at work, or about the deterioration of their health, including the appearance of an acute occupational disease (poisoning).
Safety requirements before starting work
7. Before starting work, the installer must:
a) present to the work manager a certificate of knowledge of safe methods and techniques of work and be instructed at the workplace, taking into account the specifics of the work performed;
b) put on a helmet, overalls, special footwear of the established sample;
c) receive a task to perform work from a foreman or manager.
8. After receiving the assignment, the installers must:
a) prepare the necessary personal protective equipment, check their serviceability;
b) check the workplace and approaches to it for compliance with safety requirements, check with the work manager the degree of gas contamination of wells and chambers;
c) select technological equipment and tools necessary for the performance of work, check their compliance with labor safety requirements;
d) inspect the structural elements of pipelines intended for installation and make sure that they do not have defects.
9. Installers should not start work in case of the following violations of safety requirements:
a) malfunctions of technological equipment, protective equipment for workers, tools specified in the instructions of manufacturers;
b) untimely carrying out of the next tests of technological equipment, tools and devices;
c) untimely carrying out of the next tests or expiration of the service life of the protective equipment for workers, established by the manufacturer;
d) insufficient illumination of workplaces and approaches to them;
e) defects in structural elements of pipelines intended for installation;
e) violation of the stability of the slopes of excavations where work is to be carried out;
g) detection of loss of stability of previously installed pipelines;
h) the absence of a gas mask or other means of protection when working in gassed wells and chambers.
Detected violations of safety requirements must be eliminated on their own, and if it is impossible to do this, the installers are obliged to report them to the foreman or work manager.
Safety requirements during work
10. Performance of work in places where the appearance of harmful gas is possible should be carried out only at the direction of the work manager after analyzing the air environment. In the presence of gases, work should be carried out only after providing workplaces with ventilation or using respiratory protection equipment by installers.
11. Work in wells, pits or closed containers should be carried out using hose gas masks, while two workers, being outside the well, pit or container, must insure the installers with ropes attached to their safety belts.
12. When performing work on laying external pipelines, installers must:
a) use a hook specially designed for this purpose to open or close hatches;
b) when working with power tools of the first or second class of protection, use personal protective equipment (dielectric gloves, galoshes, rugs);
c) when working in places where vehicles can pass, use fences with a traffic sign "No access, work is underway!", A luminous red light.
13. If a portable electric lamp or transformer, as well as other power tools or electrical wiring, is found to be defective, the installers must stop work and inform the foreman or supervisor about this.
14. When working at a height of more than 1.3 m on scaffolds, ladders or scaffolds without fences, installers are required to use safety belts, which should be fixed in the places indicated by the manager.
15. Remove the cauldron with molten lead from the fire and lower it into the trench with the help of a device designed for this purpose. People should not be near this place.
Pieces of cold metal should be added to the molten mass of lead using metal tongs. In this case, pieces of cold lead must be clean and dried.
16. Buckets with hot mastic should be lowered into a well or trench along a vertical box using strong ropes or ropes.
17. In the process of pipeline installation, installers must:
a) use specially prepared access systems and scaffolding for passage and work;
b) when tightening nuts, use a wrench that matches their size;
c) do not smoke in cells and wells, and also do not use open fire near hatches;
d) prevent people from being under the lowered or raised load, and when working with the winch - do not guide the cable on the drum with your hands or feet;
e) check the conformity of the holes for flange connection only with the help of conical mandrels and assembly plugs;
f) if there are cuts or scratches on the hands, do not work in the well with fecal water.
18. When supplying structural elements of pipelines to a trench by a crane, installers must comply with the requirements for the installation and movement of goods by crane, set out in the project for the production of works (PPR) or the technological map.
19. Building materials should be placed at the edge of excavations with unreinforced walls outside the prism of soil collapse at a distance of at least 1.5 m from the edge of the excavation.
20. Before supplying pipeline structural elements to the installation site in the design position, they should be cleaned of snow, earth, ice and freed from foreign objects.
21. When assemblers and an electric welder work together during pipe welding, assemblers must use specially designed goggles or shields with tinted glasses to protect their eyes.
22. Fitters with a slinger's (rigger's) certificate are allowed to sling cargo.
23. When supplying pipes for laying in a trench, people are not allowed under the transported load.
Slinging of pipeline fittings (valves, plugs) should be carried out behind their body; slinging for individual parts (rods, flywheels) is not allowed.
It is allowed to approach the load only after lowering the load to a level not higher than 0.5 m from the design position.
24. Unslinging of the elements of the pipeline installed in the design position should be carried out after fixing them in accordance with the project.
25. The bottom of the trench should be cleaned of collapsed soil after the pipeline is temporarily supported on the beds laid across the trench.
26. It is allowed to start testing the equipment only after the timely warning of the surrounding persons and obtaining the permission of the test manager.
During the testing of equipment, it is not allowed:
remove protective barriers;
open hatches, fences, clean and lubricate equipment, touch its moving parts;
check and repair electrical circuits, electrical equipment and automation devices.
27. At the time of pneumatic testing of pipelines located in trenches, a danger zone must be established, the value of which is indicated in the table. The boundaries of the danger zone must be marked with signal fences or safety signs. The presence of persons in the danger zone during the period of air injection into the pipeline and while maintaining the pipeline under pressure during the strength test is not allowed.
Hazardous zone boundaries established during pneumatic tests
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ------------------ββββββ
| Pipe material | Test | Diameter | Distance from |
| | pressure | pipeline, mm |
| | (preliminary | | ends |
| | Or acceptance), | | | pipelines to |
| | MPa | | border dangerous|
| | | | zones, m |
| Steel | 0.6-1.6 | Up to 300 | 7.0 |
| | |ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
| | | 300-1000 | 10,0 |
| | |ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| | | St. 1000 | 20.0 |
|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| Cast iron | 0.15 | up to 500 | 10.0 |
| | 0,6 | " 500 | 15,0 |
| |βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| | 0.15 | St. 500 | 20.0 |
| |βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| | 0,6 | " 500 | 25,0 |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| Asbestos cement | | 0.15 | Up to 500 | 15.0 |
| |βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| | 0,6 | " 500 | 20,0 |
| |βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| | 0.15 | St. 500 | 20.0 |
| |βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββ|
| | 0,6 | " 500 | 25,0 |
| Polyethylene | 1.0 | | |
| low pressure | | | | |
| HDPE, type: | | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|T | 0.6 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|C | 0.4 | 63-120 | 6.0 |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|SL | 0.35 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|L | | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|Polyethylene | 1.0 | | |
| high pressure | | | |
| LDPE, type: | | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|T | 0.6 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|C | 0.4 | 63-160 | 4.0 |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|SL | 0.25 | 110-1200 | 1.0 |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
| L (PVC, PP, HDPE, | 0.06 | | |
|PVD)* | | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
| Plastics: | | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
| non-plasticized-| | | |
| Nny | | | |
| polyvinylchloride | | | |
| PVC, type: | | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
| FROM | 1.6 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|T | 1.0 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|C | 0.6 | 63-315 | 10.0 |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|SL | 0.4 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|Polypropylene PP,| | | |
| Type: | | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|T | 0.1 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|SL | 0.6 | 63-315 | 8.0 |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
|L | 0.25 | | |
|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββββ|ββββββββββββββββββββββββ|βββββββββββββββββββββ|
| * In gravity sewer networks | |
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
28. Inspect, tap or service the pipeline, connect or disconnect the lines supplying air from the compressor to the pipeline, only after the air supply is stopped and the pressure drops to atmospheric pressure.
29. Installation of pipelines near electrical wires within a distance equal to the largest length of the mounted unit should be carried out with the voltage removed.
Safety requirements in emergency situations
30. In the event of a malfunction of the lifting or rigging equipment, technological equipment and scaffolding, the installers must immediately suspend the operation of the lifting equipment and notify the crane operator and the person responsible for the safe performance of work on moving goods by crane.
31. Upon detection of an unstable position of the pipeline elements, a violation of the fastening of the walls of the trenches or scaffolding, the installers are obliged to notify the work manager and the foreman about this.
32. In case of detection of a rupture or damage to the pipe during its testing, installers must immediately stop testing, relieve pressure in the system and resume testing only after troubleshooting.
Safety requirements at the end of work
33. At the end of the work, the installers must:
a) put the load-handling devices and technological equipment used in the process of work into the place allotted for storage;
b) clean from dirt, rinse and remove the tools and small parts to the places intended for their storage, neatly fold the materials and elements of building structures;
c) close the hatches of wells and chambers or put fences around them and the corresponding road sign "The passage is closed, work is underway!", and also turn on a red lamp to illuminate this place;
d) inform the work manager or foreman about all the problems that arose during the installation of pipeline structures.
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TYPICAL INSTRUCTIONS No. 54 ON LABOR SAFETY FOR THE INSTALLER OF OUTDOOR PIPELINES
(to be guided by the requirements of the Instruction
on labor protection for workers of all professions)
I. General safety requirements
1. To work as an installer of external pipelines (hereinafter referred to as the installer), men and women at least 18 years old who have been trained in the profession and labor safety, a preliminary medical examination and a knowledge test in the scope of electrical safety group I are allowed. During subsequent work, periodic medical inspections at least once every 24 months, checking knowledge on electrical safety - annually.
2. The installer should remember that due to non-compliance with the requirements set out in the instructions for labor protection. Internal Labor Regulations, PEEP and PTB, Safety Rules in the gas industry, during the installation and repair of central heating systems, water supply, sewerage, gas supply and drains, there may be a risk of electric shock, poisoning, injury, fire and gas explosion .
3. Workers with professional training corresponding to the nature of the work are allowed to perform work on the installation of external pipelines. To reduce the impact of harmful and hazardous production factors, workers should be given the following overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment:
Cotton suit - for a year;
Leather boots 1 pair per year;
Mittens combined;
Construction helmet;
for outdoor work additionally:
~ jacket on the warmed laying on belts;
Trousers on the warmed laying on belts;
Felt boots.
II. Safety requirements before starting work
4. The installer must:
a) check the condition of the slopes or the reliability of the fastening of the walls of the trench;
b) make sure that there are no people in the installation area;
c) if necessary, install permanent means of fastening (brackets, consoles, supporting structures, etc.) at the pipeline installation site.
III. Safety requirements during work
5. The installer must:
a) work on laying pipes or sections is carried out in the sequence provided for by the project for the production of works or the technological map (scheme);
b) welded sections to be laid on special linings or rollers made of compacted soil, excluding their spontaneous displacement;
c) rotate pipes during assembly and welding only with the help of keys intended for this (chain, tape) or other turning devices;
d) in the event of a collapse of the soil during the sliding and laying of the lash, remove it only after holding special beds under the lash across the trench, ensuring reliable fastening of the lash; The ends of the beds should go beyond the edge of the trench by at least 1 m. These works should be carried out under the guidance of the foreman;
e) check the alignment of the bolt holes only with the help of mandrels and mounting crowbars;
f) manually lowering only pipes with a diameter of 100-150 mm using ropes. It is not allowed to roll and dump pipes into a trench;
g) when lowering pipes into a fixed trench, as it passes through, temporarily remove the transverse struts, and re-install after lowering the pipes. Simultaneous removal of spacers throughout the depth of the trench is not allowed;
h) the pipes laid in the trench should be released from the lifting devices only after the pipes are strengthened at the bottom of the trench by tamping the soil or laying on reliable supports;
i) for cutting cast-iron pipes of small diameters, use wooden linings.
It is forbidden to put stones or random metal objects under the pipes;
j) when using a hand tool for cutting pipes, be sure to wear goggles, and in cramped conditions, in addition, use protective screens to prevent the scattering of metal fragments;
k) when joining and centering pipes, the distance from the side surface of the pipe to the trench wall must be at least 0.5 m;
l) the prefabricated elements installed in the design position should be fixed permanently or temporarily with the help of special devices (in accordance with the project for the production of works) and only after that they should be unstrapped;
m) when installing plastic pipelines, use soft slings and grips (textile tape, hemp rope, etc.);
o) when gluing plastic pipelines:
store at the workplace the minimum amount of glue and solvents (based on one shift);
close containers with adhesives and solvents with hermetic lids and stoppers;
n) mark plugs, hatches, flange and other connections with warning signs before testing;
p) during the hydraulic test, be in safe places, protected by protective screens in case of possible knocking out of plugs.
c) before the test, warn those working in adjacent areas in advance about the start time of the test; check the presence and serviceability of fences, instrumentation; make sure that the plugs are installed correctly and securely;
m) connect and disconnect lines carrying air from the compressor to the test pipeline only after the air supply has been interrupted and the pressure has been completely relieved.
6. In order to prevent emergency situations, it is not allowed:
a) be under the installed equipment, pipeline mounting units until they are finally fixed;
b) to be in a trench or well under the lowered load, as well as between the trench wall and the pipeline during the descent of the whip or mounted components of the pipelines;
c) roll the pipes into the trench using crowbars and wagons, and also use the trench fasteners as supports for the pipes;
d) equalize the misalignment of the flanges by uneven tension of the bolts (studs) and eliminate the gaps between the flanges using wedge gaskets and washers;
e) simultaneously remove pipelines at different heights along one vertical line during dismantling;
f) remove individual elements of load-bearing structures (supports, hangers or consoles) when laying pipelines;
g) drop pipes from vehicles, as well as pull them out from the ends of gondola cars by tractors or cars;
h) be on the frame of a car or trailer while loading sections onto a road train;
i) leave tools, materials, overalls and other items in the pipeline being installed, even for a short time;
j) carry pipes on crowbars, boards, shovels;
k) carry out work on laying pipelines during a thunderstorm;
l) during a hydraulic test, be against flange joints and seams during the rise in pressure in the pipeline and near the unprotected ends of the pipes being blown;
m) during the pneumatic test, tap welds, eliminate defects and tighten the fastening connections of pipelines;
o) carry out hydraulic tests of plastic pipes earlier than 24 hours after welding or gluing pipelines;
o) carry out pneumatic tests of plastic pipelines.
IV. Safety requirements in emergency situations
7. The installer must:
a) if there are signs of gas in the trench, well or chamber, immediately stop work, rise to the surface and notify the work manager;
b) if a leak is detected in a seam or flange connection during testing of the pipeline, immediately relieve pressure and repair the damage;
c) if emergency pressure relief is impossible due to failure of valves and starting devices, immediately leave the testing area.
V. Safety requirements at the end of work
8. The installer must:
a) check if any tools are left in the pipeline being installed;
b) close covers of manholes, wells and chambers, and in their absence, turn on the signal lamps on the fences;
c) inspect the temporary fastenings of the pipeline laid along the trench.
when cleaning the cavity of the main
pipelines and their testing
INTRODUCTION
This instruction has been developed taking into account the requirements of legislative and other regulatory legal acts containing state requirements for labor protection and is intended for use when cleaning the cavity of main pipelines and testing them.
- GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Pipelines after installation and welding work must be cleaned and tested for strength and density.
1.2. When working on cleaning the cavity of main pipelines and testing them, dangerous and harmful production factors that can lead to an accident at work are the following:
- the possibility of injury: unprotected rotating and moving parts of the equipment in case of accidental contact with them; when using a faulty tool or careless handling; sharp edges, burrs, roughness on the surface of the tool, equipment;
- the possibility of poisoning with gas, vapors of harmful substances;
β unsatisfactory meteorological conditions;
- insufficient lighting of the workplace;
β non-use or absence of safety devices and means of protection.
1.3. The procedure for admitting persons who clean the cavity of main pipelines and test them to independent work:
1.3.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, special training, testing knowledge of labor safety and safe working methods, internship at the workplace for 2-14 shifts under the guidance of an experienced worker, who have a certificate for the right to perform work and instructed in labor protection and fire safety.
1.3.2. An employee should be allowed to work only after passing:
β introductory briefing on labor protection;
- safety briefing directly at the workplace. Instruction at the workplace should also be carried out every time an employee is transferred to another job or when working conditions change.
The training must be documented.
1.3.3. Every three months, the employee must be re-instructed on safe working methods.
1.3.4. The employee must be annually tested knowledge of safety regulations. An employee who has shown unsatisfactory knowledge at the verification tests should not be allowed to work independently.
1.4. Persons involved in cleaning the cavity of main pipelines and testing them are required by the Norms to have the following personal protective equipment:
β tarpaulin suit, TU 17-O8-123-8O;
- tarpaulin boots, GOST 12.4.137-84;
- tarpaulin mittens, GOST 12.4.O1O-75.
For outdoor work in winter additionally:
β cotton jacket and trousers with insulating lining,
GOST 12.4.O84-8O;
- felt boots, OST 17-337-79.
1.5. Being on the territory of the enterprise and outside it, one should comply with general safety measures, industrial sanitation, personal hygiene, fire safety requirements, as well as the internal labor regulations of the enterprise.
1.6. The procedure for cleaning the cavity or testing pipelines must be established by a special instruction. The instruction is drawn up by the customer and the construction and installation organization in relation to a specific pipeline, taking into account local conditions for the production of work, agreed with the design organization and approved by the chairman of the commission.
When cleaning the cavity of the main pipelines by the gas purge method, as well as when testing these pipelines with gas, air or other reagents, the instruction must be agreed with the State Gas Supervision Authority.
A special instruction for cleaning the cavity, testing the main pipelines for strength and checking for tightness should include:
- methods, parameters and sequence of work;
β methods and means for detecting and eliminating failures (jamming of cleaning devices, leaks, breaks, etc.);
β scheme of communication organization;
β fire, gas, technical safety requirements and instructions on the size of the security zone.
1.7. All changes to the instructions are made on the basis of the documentary instructions of the head of the enterprise.
RESPONSIBILITY
1.8. The obligation of workers to comply with the rules and norms of labor protection is an integral part of production discipline.
Persons who do not comply with the requirements of this instruction violate production discipline and are subject to disciplinary or criminal liability, depending on the nature and consequences of the violation, in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
Occupational safety largely depends on the worker himself. Know and follow the instructions in this manual.
- SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK
2.1. When starting work after a long break (illness, vacation, etc.), as well as when receiving work that is not part of the employee's duties, it is necessary to receive additional instructions on labor protection from the work manager.
2.2. It is correct to put on clean and serviceable overalls and safety shoes that are required by the Norms. Fasten or tie up the cuffs of the sleeves so that there are no hanging and fluttering ends. Remove hair under the headdress. Do not keep metal objects with sharp ends in the pockets of your clothes.
The employee is not allowed to work without personal protective equipment provided for in the Model Industry Standards, in faulty, unrepaired, contaminated special clothing and special footwear, as well as with other faulty personal protective equipment.
2.3. Get a task from the manager to complete the work. Familiarize yourself with the special instructions for cleaning, strength testing and testing for tightness of the pipeline
Do not start a production task if there are no known safe ways to complete it.
2.4. Prepare other serviceable personal protective equipment in accordance with the harmful production factors.
2.5. Prepare the workplace for safe work - remove unnecessary items, debris, clear aisles. Lighting must be sufficient and without glare.
Remove unauthorized persons from the work area.
2.6. Safety measures before cleaning and testing pipelines:
2.6.1. A commission consisting of representatives of the general contractor, subcontractors, the customer or its technical supervision bodies should be appointed to manage the cleaning and testing of pipelines.
When testing main gas pipelines, the commission must include a representative of the Gosgaznadzor bodies.
2.6.2. To monitor the pipeline during cavity cleaning or testing, the necessary number of workers should be allocated to the commission to cordon off dangerous sections and bypass the route, as well as emergency repair and restoration teams.
The duty officer and the lineman must be provided with the following equipment:
- sticks, pointed on one side, to indicate places where a gas leak was detected, pegs with the inscription<ΠΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ β Π³Π°Π·!>to designate hazardous areas;
- a hammer for driving pegs;
- red flag
β an explosion-proof battery-powered lantern with red and green glasses;
- a megaphone (only for those on duty serving sections with crossings over railway lines, highways and other responsible places);
- a portable telephone (if there is a telephone connection) or a radio station.
The emergency repair and restoration team should be provided with off-road vehicles with an electric welding unit, a gas welding machine, fire extinguishing equipment, gas masks, safety belts, explosion-proof lamps, a first aid kit, copper-plated tools and other equipment, depending on the nature of the work.
2.6.3. When cleaning or testing for strength and testing the tightness of main pipelines with gas or air, a security zone must be established in accordance with the table, see the appendix to this instruction.
When cleaning the cavity of pipelines of all diameters with water, a protective zone should be installed 25 m on both sides of the pipeline and 100 m in the direction of the separation piston extension.
During hydraulic testing of pipelines of all diameters, the buffer zone must be set at 50 m on both sides of the pipeline.
When laying pipelines on the ground and above the ground, the security zone should be increased by 2 times.
The security zone for the outflow of the metal piston is limited by a sector with an angle of 60 Β± at the end of the purge pipe.
2.6.4. Line valves and valves outside the security zone must have telephones or radio communication posts serviced by personnel familiar with the instructions for testing or cleaning the pipeline cavity.
2.6.5. Temporary pipelines for connecting filling, pressure testing units and compressor units must first be subjected to a hydraulic pressure test of 1.25 Fig.
2.6.6. Prior to cleaning the cavity or testing the pipeline with gas or air in places where it crosses railways and roads or passes near them, the relevant organizations (railway administration, road department, etc.) must be notified of the specified work and coordinate with them the necessary security measures.
In places where the pipeline crosses railways and roads or approaches it to settlements outside the buffer zone, security posts should be set up and warning and prohibition signs should be installed.
2.7. Before starting the test, you must:
- suspend all repair work, warn those working in adjacent sections in advance about the time of the start and conduct of the test, remove all workers engaged in repair work on the pipelines to be tested;
- make sure that the pressure gauges are in good condition, that the plugs are installed correctly and securely;
- close access to unauthorized persons in the test area;
- check the presence and serviceability of the stops provided for by the project, which by the time of testing should have design strength. If the pipeline has sockets, couplings with rubber rings, stuffing box compensators, temporary stops must be installed at the ends of the test section to ensure the perception of forces arising from an increase in pressure in the pipelines;
- check the arrangement of repair and restoration teams, linemen and duty posts of cordon and communications at the points designated by the commission.
Only after verification, the chairman of the commission can give permission by radio or telephone to supply air (gas, water) for testing.
2.8. If any malfunctions are found in the operation of the equipment, report to the work manager and do not start work until the malfunction is eliminated.
2.9. Know:
- location of the first-aid kit, telephone, fire extinguishing equipment;
β phone numbers of the medical service and fire protection;
β escape routes, main and emergency exits in case of accident and fire
and know how to use it when needed.
- SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK
3.1. Perform only the work that the head of work has instructed, using safe methods, carefully and carefully, in accordance with the technology.
Use the issued personal protective equipment, treat the issued protective equipment with care and use them correctly, inform the work manager in a timely manner about the need for dry cleaning, washing, drying and repairing the personal protective equipment used in the work.
3.3. Cleaning of the cavity of pipelines, as well as their strength testing and leak testing, should be carried out according to a special instruction that reflects local working conditions, and under the guidance of a specially appointed commission.
All orders related to cleaning the cavity or testing the pipeline should be given only by the chairman of the commission. In emergency cases, the order may be given by the member of the commission on duty, if he has the authority to do so.
3.4. In cases where pumped products are used to clean the cavity of pipelines and test them, the relevant operating organizations should participate in the tests.
3.5. People, mechanisms and equipment must be outside the security zone (test zone).
The removal of the cordon of the security zone is carried out only at the direction of the chairman of the commission.
3.6. The attendants at the communication posts must always be in place, not leave the post without the permission of the commission and not talk while working with unauthorized persons.
Duty officers and linemen are required to:
- to observe a certain place was a section of the pipeline;
- immediately inform the commission about everything that prevents the test or poses a threat to people, animals, structures and vehicles located near the pipeline;
- designate the places of gas leakage and dangerous gassed areas and inform the commission about this.
3.7. Cleaning of the cavity and testing of pipelines may only be carried out if an uninterrupted and reliable connection along the pipeline is ensured.
3.8. WHEN CLEANING THE CAVITY OF THE PIPELINES, IT IS NECESSARY TO KNOW AND FOLLOW THE FOLLOWING SAFETY MEASURES:
3.8.1. Before testing, the cavity of the pipeline must be cleaned of scale and burr, as well as from soil, water and various objects that accidentally got inside the pipelines during construction.
3.8.2. Cleaning the pipeline cavity should be done in one of the following ways:
- flushing with the omission of cleaning pistons or separator pistons;
- blowing through with the passage of cleaning pistons, and, if necessary, separator pistons;
- blowing without skipping the cleaning pistons.
Flushing and purging of sections of oil and oil product pipelines laid on underwater crossings, as well as on flooded or swampy areas, is allowed only under conditions that exclude the possibility of the pipeline surfacing.
3.8.3. The cavity of the main pipeline should be cleaned: during underground and surface laying - after filling the pipeline with soil and during above-ground laying - after hanging or laying it on supports.
The end of the pipeline prepared for cleaning the cavity, in order to avoid its displacement and vibration, should be securely fixed.
3.8.4. On pipelines mounted without internal centralizers, the cavity should be pre-cleaned by pulling cleaning devices during the assembly of pipelines into a thread.
3.8.5. Flushing with the passage of cleaning pistons or separator pistons should be subjected to pipelines, the testing of which is provided for in the project by a hydraulic method.
3.8.6. When flushing pipelines in front of the cleaning pistons or separator pistons, it is necessary to fill in water in a volume of 10-15% of the volume of the cavity of the area being cleaned. The speed of movement of the cleaning pistons or separator pistons during flushing must be at least 1 km / h.
3.8.7. Purging with the passage of cleaning pistons must be subjected to pipelines with a diameter of 219 mm or more, laid underground and above ground.
3.8.8. When blowing, the cleaning pistons should be passed through sections of the pipeline with a length of no more than the distance between the linear fittings under the pressure of compressed air or gas coming from the receiver (cylinder) created in the adjacent section.
The pressure of air (or gas) in the receiver at a ratio of the lengths of the receiver and the purged section of 1:1 is determined according to the table.
βββββββββββββββββ¬βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
β Pressure in the receiver, MPa (kgf/sq.cm)
Nominal diameter
pipeline, mmβfor pipelines, βfor pipelines, not
βcleaned broaching-βcleaned broaching-
βeat cleaning devices βeat cleaning devices
βββββββββββββββββΌβββββββββββββββββββββββΌββββββββββββββββββββββ
Up to 4OO β O.6 (6) β 1.2 (12)
From 5OO to 8OO β O.5 (5) β 1 (1O)
From 1000 to 1400 β O.4 (4) β O.8 (8)
βββββββββββββββββ΄βββββββββββββββββββββββ΄ββββββββββββββββββββββ
3.8.9. On pipelines mounted on supports, purge should be carried out with the passage of separator pistons. Separator pistons should be passed under the pressure of compressed air or natural gas at a speed of not more than 10 km / h over sections with a length of not more than 10 km. After passing the separator pistons, the final removal of contaminants should be carried out by blowing without passing cleaning devices by creating high-speed air (or gas) flows in the pipeline.
3.8.10. It is necessary to blow through pipelines with a diameter of less than 219 mm without passing the cleaning pistons with high-speed air or gas flows supplied from a receiver created in the adjacent area.
The pressure of air or gas in the receiver with a ratio of the lengths of the receiver and the purged section of at least 2:1 is determined according to Table. clause 3.8.8. of this manual.
The length of the section of the pipeline blown without the passage of cleaning pistons should not exceed 5 km.
3.8.11. Cleaning the cavity of passages through water barriers is carried out by passing elastic piston-separators as follows:
- on gas pipelines - by flushing, carried out in the process of filling with water for a preliminary hydraulic test, or by purging, carried out before testing the transitions;
- on oil pipelines - by flushing, carried out in the process of filling the pipeline with water for hydraulic testing of transitions.
3.8.12. The purge is considered completed when, after the departure of the cleaning device, a jet of uncontaminated air or gas exits the purge nozzle.
If, after the departure of the cleaning device, a jet of contaminated air or gas comes out of the pipeline, it is necessary to carry out an additional purging of the section.
If after the departure of the cleaning device, water comes out of the vent pipe, additional piston separators must be passed through the pipeline.
3.8.13. When purging the pipeline, it is forbidden to pass and release contaminants and cleaning pistons through the linear fittings.
3.8.14. If it gets stuck in the pipeline during the purge or flushing of the cleaning device, the device must be removed from the pipeline and the pipeline section re-purged or flushed.
3.8.15. After cleaning the pipeline cavity by any of the above methods, temporary inventory plugs should be installed at the ends of the cleaned section.
3.8.16. When cleaning the cavity of the pipeline with gas, it is forbidden to release it towards settlements, enterprises, forests, railways and roads, buildings, power lines, haystacks, etc.
From the place of gas release to the above objects, the distance must be at least 1000 m.
3.8.17. When passing the pipeline in a wooded area, the cavity should be cleaned mainly with air. Cleaning the cavity of the pipeline with gas is allowed in agreement with the forestry organizations, while additional fire prevention measures must be observed.
3.9. WHEN TESTING PIPING FOR STRENGTH, IT IS NECESSARY TO KNOW AND FOLLOW THE FOLLOWING SAFETY MEASURES:
3.9.1. Testing of main pipelines for strength and checking for tightness should be carried out after the complete readiness of the section or the entire pipeline (complete backfilling, bundling or fastening on supports, cleaning the cavity, installing fittings and devices, cathode leads and submitting as-built documentation for the tested object).
3.9.2. Strength testing of pipelines and checking for tightness should be carried out hydraulically (with water, antifreeze liquids) or pneumatically (air, natural gas) for gas pipelines and hydraulically for oil and oil product pipelines.
Testing of gas pipelines in mountainous and rough terrain is allowed to be carried out in a combined way (air and water or gas and water).
Hydraulic testing of pipelines with water at negative air temperature is allowed only if the pipeline, linear fittings and devices are protected from freezing.
3.9.3. Test methods, site boundaries, test pressures and a test scheme, which indicates the places for water intake and discharge, agreed with interested organizations, as well as gas supply points and the arrangement of temporary communications, should be determined by the project.
The length of the test sections is not limited, with the exception of cases of hydraulic testing and the combined method, when the length of the sections is assigned taking into account the hydrostatic pressure.
3.9.4. The stages, pressure values ββand duration of pipeline strength tests and their tightness tests should be taken depending on the categories of pipeline sections and their purpose.
3.9.5. The main pipeline subjected to a strength test and a leak test should be divided into separate sections, limited by plugs or linear fittings.
A linear valve can be used as a limiting element during testing if the pressure drop does not exceed the maximum value allowed for this type of valve.
3.9.6. Checking for tightness of sections of all categories of pipelines must be carried out after testing for strength and reducing the test pressure to the maximum working pressure adopted by the project.
3.9.7. During pneumatic testing, filling the pipeline and raising the pressure in it to the test pressure (Fig) should be carried out through fully open bypass line valves with closed line valves.
3.9.8. An odorant should be added to detect air or natural gas leaks during the process of pumping them into the pipeline.
3.9.9. During a pneumatic test, the pressure increase in the pipeline should be carried out smoothly [no more than 0.3 MPa (3 kgf / sq. cm) per hour], with inspection of the route at a pressure equal to 0.3 from the test pressure, but not higher than 2 MPa (20 kgf/sq.cm). At the time of inspection, the pressure rise should be stopped. Further rise in pressure to the test pressure should be carried out without stops. Under the test pressure, the pipeline must be kept to stabilize the pressure and temperature for 12 hours with the bypass line valves open and the line valves closed. Then, the pressure should be reduced to the working one, after which the valves of the bypass lines should be closed and the route should be inspected, observations and measurements of the pressure should be made for at least 12 hours.
3.9.1O. When the pressure rises from 0.3 Risp to Risp and within 12 hours with stabilization of pressure, temperature and strength tests, inspection of the route is prohibited.
Inspection of the route should be carried out only after the test pressure is reduced to the working pressure in order to check the pipeline for tightness.
3.9.11. When filling pipelines with water for hydraulic testing, air must be completely removed from the pipes. Air removal is carried out by piston-separators or through air bleed valves installed in places of possible accumulation of air.
3.9.12. The pipeline is considered to have passed the strength test and the leak test if the pressure remains unchanged during the strength test of the pipeline, and no leaks are detected during the leak test.
During pneumatic testing of the pipeline for strength, a pressure decrease of 1% in 12 hours is allowed.
3.9.13. If leaks are detected visually, by sound, smell or with the help of instruments, the pipeline section must be repaired and re-tested for strength and tightness.
3.9.14. After testing the pipeline for strength and checking for tightness by hydraulic method, it must be completely dewatered.
3.9.15. Complete removal of water from gas pipelines is carried out with the passage of at least two (main and control) piston-separators under the pressure of compressed air or, in exceptional cases, natural gas.
The speed of movement of the separator pistons when removing water from gas pipelines should be within 3-10 km / h.
3.9.16. The results of removing water from the gas pipeline should be considered satisfactory if there is no water ahead of the control piston-separator and it left the gas pipeline intact. Otherwise, the passes of the control piston-separators through the gas pipeline must be repeated.
3.9.17. Complete removal of water from the oil and oil product pipeline is carried out by one piston-separator, moved under the pressure of the transported product or by the transported product itself.
If there is no product by the end of the test, water should be removed by two separator pistons moved under compressed air pressure.
3.9.18. The method of removing water from oil and oil product pipelines must be established by the customer, which ensures the timely supply of oil or oil products.
The filling of the pipeline at the sections of crossings through water barriers with oil or oil products should be carried out in such a way as to completely exclude the possibility of air entering the cavity of the pipeline.
3.9.19. For all methods of testing for strength and tightness, to measure pressure, use tested sealed and certified remote devices or pressure gauges of at least 1 accuracy class and with a limit scale for pressure of about 4/3 of the test pressure, installed outside the security zone.
3.1O. WHEN CLEANING AND TESTING PIPELINES WITH NATURAL GAS, YOU SHOULD KNOW AND IMPLEMENT THE FOLLOWING SAFETY MEASURES:
3.1O.1. It is allowed to start cleaning the cavity and testing with natural gas only after it has forced air out of the pipeline. The oxygen content in the gas-air mixture leaving the pipeline should be determined by a gas analyzer and should not exceed 2%. Before cleaning the cavity, take a gas sample through a branch pipe cut into the pipeline at a distance of 10 m from the place of gas release. To supply gas to displace air from the pipeline smoothly with a pressure of not more than 2 kgf / sq. cm.
The use of natural gas for cleaning the test cavity of main gas pipelines is allowed only in exceptional cases in agreement with the Ministry of Gas Industry.
3.1O.2. In the event of a gas leak, immediately stop cleaning the cavity or testing the pipeline and take measures to eliminate the leak.
The place of gas leakage should be guarded to prevent people from entering the danger zone. At night, explosion-proof signal lights with red light must be installed in these places.
3.1O.3. In the event of a pipeline failure during cavity cleaning or gas testing, urgent measures must be taken to eliminate the accident, and if the accident occurred near or at the intersection with a railway or highway or near a populated area, it is necessary to first cordon off the dangerous area and immediately take measures to eliminate the accident .
3.1O.4. It is allowed to release gas only through purge candles. It is forbidden to release gas through the gap of separated flanges, valves or gate valves.
3.11. Hot work (cutting, welding) on ββpipelines filled with gas should be carried out at an excess gas pressure within 20-50 mm of water column. The readings of the instruments must be constantly monitored in order to prevent an increase in pressure or a vacuum in the pipeline in time.
If gas ignites inside the gas pipeline during welding or gas cutting, work must be stopped immediately and workers removed to a safe distance. Resume work only after increasing the gas supply to the gas pipeline and displacing the entire gas-air mixture from it, as well as after the inspection establishes the absence of a dangerous gas concentration in the pit (for underground and surface laying).
3.12. If the test results are unsatisfactory, the detected defects must be eliminated and the tests repeated.
It is forbidden:
β chasing of welded seams;
β elimination of defects while the pipeline is under pressure.
3.13. When purging pipelines after testing them, install strong shields at the ends of the pipes to protect workers from scale and other objects. It is forbidden to stay near the unprotected ends of the vented pipes
3.14. WHEN AT THE CONSTRUCTION SITE, YOU SHOULD KNOW AND IMPLEMENT THE FOLLOWING SAFETY MEASURES:
3.14.1. Cross trenches and pipeline lashes on special inventory footbridges with a width of at least 0.8 m, equipped with railings and side boards.
3.14.2. Observe the established safety signs and inscriptions.
3.14.3. Do not stay in places where goods are moved by lifting mechanisms.
3.14.4. On the construction site, water must be stored in tanks tightly closed with locks. Tanks should be cleaned and rinsed daily. Bringing water to the place of work is allowed only in closed vessels.
- allow unauthorized persons to enter the workplace;
β work without proper personal protective equipment;
- Smoking and eating in the workplace.
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES
3.16. In the event of an accident or situations at the site that can lead to accidents and accidents, suspend work, disconnect the equipment used from the mains. Report the incident to the head of work and continue to act according to his instructions.
3.17. If the construction site is threatened by natural phenomena, stop work and go to a safe place.
With the onset of a thunderstorm, work must be stopped, leave (if possible in the premises) at a distance of at least 25 m from the places of accumulation of metal (pipe stack, pipeline). Do not stay in a thunderstorm near tall trees in the forest or near haystacks in the field, lightning rods, poles, various masts and other high objects, do not stay on high ground or on open flat places.
3.18. In the event of a fire or fire, notify the fire department immediately. De-energize the equipment in the area of ββfire or fire and start extinguishing the fire with the available primary fire extinguishing equipment. Report the fire to the head of work, and in his absence to the management of the enterprise.
3.19. An employee who witnesses a fire, a broken wire, damage to a water supply, steam pipeline, gas pipeline, an accident or discovers an injured person must immediately draw the attention of others with his voice.
3.2O. Provide medical first aid to victims of injury, sudden illness according to instruction N 2.
3.21. In the event of an accident, if possible, notify the supervisor and contact a medical facility.
- SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER WORK COMPLETION
4.1. Tidy up your workspace.
4.2. Draw up an appropriate act on the testing of pipelines.
4.3. Notify the supervisor of any problems found and corrective actions.
4.4. Take off overalls and hang them in a closet, put other personal protective equipment in the place intended for them.
It is forbidden to take personal protective equipment outside the enterprise.
4.5. Wash hands and face with warm soapy water or shower if possible.
Application
ββββββββββββββββ¬ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
β Security zone, m
Pipe diameter
wires, mm β when cleaning the cavity β when testing
ββββββββββββββββ¬βββββββββββββββββ€ for strength and
βin both directions βin the direction βcheck for
βfrom the pipeline-βdeparture of metal-βtightness
β yes β piston β pipeline in
β β β both sides of
β β βpipeline
ββββββββββββββββΌβββββββββββββββΌββββββββββββββββΌβββββββββββββββ
1ΠΠ-3ΠΠ β 4Π β 6ΠΠ β 1ΠΠ
3ΠΠ-5ΠΠ β 6Π β 8ΠΠ β 15Π
5ΠΠ-8ΠΠ β 6Π β 8ΠΠ β 2ΠΠ
8ΠΠ-1ΠΠΠ β 1ΠΠ β 1ΠΠΠ β 25Π
1ΠΠΠ-14ΠΠ β 1ΠΠ β 1ΠΠΠ β 35Π
