Units of measurement in different countries Measure everything available
measurement and do not
measurable
affordable ”.
G. Galilei
subjective units
So, for example, sailors measured the path with pipes,
that is, the distance traveled by the ship for
time for the sailor to smoke his pipe.
In Spain, a similar unit was the cigar The program of the Olympic Games of Ancient Hellas included
running to the stage. It has been established that the Greek stage is
the length of the stadium in Olympia - 192.27 m The ancient Romans measured distances in steps
or in double steps (step with the left foot, step
right). A thousand double steps was
mile (lat. “mille” - a thousand). In Russia for a long time as a unit
lengths used arshin. This measure arose
when trading with eastern countries (Persian,
"Arsh" - elbow) A span was used to measure shorter lengths
- the distance between the ends apart
thumb and forefinger. Span (18 cm)
was 1/4 arshin, and 1/16 arshin
was equal to one inch (4.4 cm) A very common unit of length was
sazhen. The first mention of her occurs in
XI century. Since 1554 fathoms are set equal to 3
arshinam (2.13 m) and it gets the name
royal (or eagle, printed) as opposed to
arbitrary - flywheel and oblique. Makhovaya
fathom - arm span - equal to about 2.5
arshins. China
10.
The unit of length fen was originallythe length of one grain of millet
bu - a measure of length equal to a double step
The measure of zhang length was equal to the distance between
fingertips of open hands
tribute is a load that a person is able to carry
on the shoulders, equal to 60 kg
What measures of length existed in antiquity? Every country in the world uses its own way of measuring distance. But this is very inconvenient, because in different countries these systems of measures do not coincide. Units of measurement have come down to us from time immemorial. The king of England once, many, many years ago, stretched out his right hand and declared: “The distance from the tip of my nose to the thumb of the hand will serve as a measure of length for all my people and will be called YARD. His subjects immediately prepared a bronze rod "from the king's nose to the toe", and the yard for a long time became for all Englishmen the unit of measurement of length. The length of the yard is 91.44 cm. Units of measurement have come down to us from time immemorial. The king of England once, many, many years ago, stretched out his right hand and declared: “The distance from the tip of my nose to the thumb of the hand will serve as a measure of length for all my people and will be called YARD. His subjects immediately prepared a bronze rod "from the royal nose to the toe," and the yard for a long time became for all Englishmen the unit of measurement of length. Yard length 91.44 cm.
In the Middle Ages in Europe, they invented another unit for measuring length - feet. Foot is the average foot length of an adult male. In English it means "foot", "leg". One foot equals 30.48 cm. Long distances were measured in ancient Rome in steps: 2000 steps later became equal to one mile, or 1.609 km.
In ancient times, the Indians used their own unit of measure for the purchase of land. The area that a person runs in a day was such a unit of measurement. Therefore, in order to buy more land, the buyer hired the fastest "meter" - a runner, for example, there were their own measures of length - an inch, an inch, an elbow. Long distances were measured by the flight of an arrow. However, these were approximate, imprecise measures. After all, different people could have different tops, spans, elbows. Yes, and the bow fired at different distances. Therefore, with the development of trade, precise measures of length were required. So that the seller and the buyer do not deceive each other ... Arshin became such a measure in Russia. Three arshins were SAZHEN, 500 yards - VERST. In ancient times, the Indians used their own unit of measure for the purchase of land. The area that a person runs in a day was such a unit of measurement. Therefore, to buy more land, the buyer hired the fastest "meter" - a runner. And in Ancient Russia, for example, there were their own measures of length - an inch, an inch, a cubit. Long distances were measured by the flight of an arrow. However, these were approximate, imprecise measures. After all, different people could have different tops, spans, elbows. Yes, and the bow fired at different distances. Therefore, with the development of trade, precise measures of length were required. So that the seller and the buyer do not deceive each other ... Arshin became such a measure in Russia. Three arshins were SAZHEN, 500 yards - ALT ..
In XVIII Russia - two copies were obtained: N 11 and N 28 ... In the XVIII century, French scientists proposed a metric system of measures for all times and for all peoples. The meter was chosen as the unit of length - one forty-millionth part of the earth's meridian passing through Paris. Scientists have made a standard (sample) of the meter in the form of a ruler from platinum. It's such a metal. True, everyone was afraid that this standard would be lost, and just in case they made 31 copies of the meter and distributed them to different countries. Russia - got two copies: N 11 and N Now most countries use this metric system
Title- translation Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Linear value in the SI system (often approximate) SI Other variants of linear values \u200b\u200b"finger" dactyl (ancient Greek δάκτυλος) ancient Greek. digitus (lat. digitus) lat. 1.85 cm cm 1.85 cm approx. 1 inch inch 1.997 cm "1/12 whole" ounce (lat. Un cia) lat. OK. 7 cm 7.39 cm 22.18 cm \u003d 3 palm "foot" pus (Old Greek πούς) Old Greek. dog (lat. pes) lat. dog monetalis (lat.pes monetalis) lat. dog naturalis (lat. pes naturalis) lat. dog druzianus (lat.pes drusianus) lat. 29.62 cm dog \u003d 1 Roman foot \u003d 12 ounces 29.62 cm 25.00 cm 33.27 cm 30.80 cm 29.57 cm; 29.6352 cm
Measures of area GreeceGreece (Athens) Athens Roman Empire On what the measure was based Approximate value iugerumuger 2523.3 m² Old - Greek - Greek πλεθρ ον square feet 876 m² arura arura (50 square feet) 43.8 m²
Ancient Egypt Measures of length 1 Parasang is equal to 1/9 shem \u003d 6.98 km Parasang 1 shem \u003d 62.82 km Egyptian system (from 5th to 1st centuries inclusive BC): Atur ordinary \u003d 3 miles \u003d 5.235 km. Tsar's Atur \u003d 1 1/2 parasangam \u003d 10.47 km. Parasang \u003d 1 1/9 shema \u003d 6.98 km. Shem \u003d 1 1/5 atura normal \u003d 6.282 km. Mile \u003d 10 stages \u003d 1.745 km. Stages \u003d 3 1/3 het \u003d 174.5 m. (Stages are also used \u003d 209.4 m.) Heth (senus) \u003d 25 orgies \u003d 52.35 m. Orgy \u003d 1 1/3 xylon \u003d 52.35 m. Xylon \u003d 3 royal cubits \u003d 1.57 m. Royal elbow \u003d 1 1/6 small cubit \u003d 1 1/5 pygon \u003d 52.35 cm. Small elbow \u003d 44.83 cm. Pygon \u003d 1 1/4 grain \u003d 43.625 cm Zerets (feet) \u003d 1 1/3 spitam \u003d 2 dikhasa \u003d 34.9 cm. Spitam \u003d 1 1/2 dikhasa \u003d 26.175 cm. Dikhas \u003d 2 shespam \u003d 17.45 cm. Shesp \u003d 4 tebam \u003d 8.725 cm. (finger) \u003d 2.18 cm. Kanna \u003d 5 steps \u003d 11 2/3 grains \u003d 4.07 m. Step \u003d 2 1/3 grains \u003d 81.44 cm.
The English system of measures The English system of measures is used in the UK, USA and other countries. Some of these measures in a number of countries differ somewhat in their size, therefore, below are mainly rounded metric equivalents of English measures, convenient for practical calculations. United Kingdom United States Gradually, the measures of the English system are replaced by the metric system.
Measures of length length 1 nautical mile (UK) \u003d 10 cable \u003d 1.8532 km nautical mile 1 nautical mile (nautical mile, USA, since July 1, 1954) \u003d 1.852 km 1 cable (UK) \u003d 185.3182 mcabelts 1 cable (USA) \u003d 185.3249 m 1 statute mile \u003d 8 furlong \u003d feet \u003d 1609.344 compound mile 1 furlong \u003d 10 chains \u003d 201.168 mfarlong 1 chain \u003d 4 genera \u003d 100 links \u003d 20.1168 m chain 1 rod (pole, perch, pole, perch) \u003d 5.5 yards \u003d 5.0292 mrodpolperch 1 yard (yard) \u003d 3 feet \u003d 0.9144 yard 1 foot (foot) \u003d 3 hands \u003d 12 inches \u003d 0.3048 mft 1 hand \u003d 4 inches \u003d 10.16 cm hand 1 inch \u003d 12 lines \u003d 72 points \u003d 1000 mils \u003d 2.54 cm inches 1 line \u003d 6 points \u003d 2 , 1167 mm Line 1 point \u003d 0.353 mm 1 mil \u003d 0.0254 mmmil
Measures of area 1 mile² (square mile) \u003d 640 acres \u003d 2.59 km² 1 acre (acre) \u003d 4 ores \u003d 4046.86 m² acre 1 ore (rood) \u003d 40 rods² \u003d 1011.71 m² ø 1 rod² (square rod) (pol² , perch²) \u003d 30.25 yards² \u003d 25.293 m² 1 square yard \u003d 9 feet² \u003d 0.83613 m² 1 square foot \u003d 144 inches² \u003d 929.03 cm² feet² 1 inch² (square inch) \u003d 6.4516 cm²
In ancient times, a person had to gradually comprehend not only the art of counting, but also measurements. When an ancient man, already thinking, tried to find a cave for himself, he was forced to measure the length, width and height of his future refuge with his own growth. But this is the dimension. Making the simplest tools of labor, building dwellings, obtaining food, it becomes necessary to measure distances, and then areas, capacities, mass, time. Our ancestor had only his own height, the length of his arms and legs. If a person used fingers and toes when counting, then hands and feet were used when measuring distances. There was no people who did not choose their units of measurement
The builders of the Egyptian pyramids considered the elbow (the distance from the elbow to the end of the middle finger) to be the standard of length, the ancient Arabs - hair from a donkey's muzzle, the British still use the royal foot (translated from English, foot means leg), equal to the length of the king's foot. The foot length has been refined with the introduction of the stock unit. This is “the length of the feet of 16 people leaving the temple from Matins on Sunday”. Dividing the length of the rod into 16 equal parts, we got the average length of the foot, because people of different heights came out of the church. The length of a foot became equal to 30.48 cm. The English yard is also associated with the size of the human body. This measure of length was introduced by King Edgar and was equal to the distance from the tip of His Majesty's nose to the tip of the middle finger of his outstretched hand. As soon as the king was replaced, the yard lengthened, since the new monarch was of a larger build. Such changes in length are a big confusion, so King Henry 1 legalized a permanent yard and ordered a standard to be made of elm. This yard is still used in England (its length is 0.9144 m). To measure small lengths, the length of the joint of the thumb was used (in Dutch, inch means thumb). The length of the inch in England was refined and became equal to the length of three barley grains taken from the middle part of the ear and placed next to each other at their ends. It is known from English stories and stories that peasants often determined the height of horses with their palms.
It has been established that this is the length of the stadium in Olympia, along which there was a run in the program of the Olympic Games of Ancient Greece - 192.27 m. This measure was introduced in Babylon, and then passed to the Greeks. The stages were taken as the distance that a person walks at a calm pace during the period of time from the appearance of the first ray of the sun, at its rising, until the moment when the entire solar disk is above the horizon. This time is approximately equal to two minutes.
To measure large distances in ancient times, a measure was introduced, called a field, and then a milestone appears instead. This name comes from the word twirl, which at the beginning meant a plow turn, and then a row, the distance from one to another plow turn when plowing. The length of versts at different times was different - from 500 to 750 fathoms. Yes, and there were not one, but two versts: the track - it was used to measure the distance of the path and the boundary line - it was used to measure land
Distance was measured in steps for almost all peoples, but for measuring fields and other large distances, the step was too small a measure, so a cane or double step was introduced, and then a double cane, or perch. In the maritime business, the cane was called a stock. In England there was also such a measure as a good plowman's stick, the length of which was 12-16 feet. In Rome, a measure equal to a thousand double steps is introduced, which is called a mile (from the word mille, milia - a thousand)
The Slavs had such a measure of length as "throwing a stone" - throwing a stone, "shooting" - the distance that an arrow shot from a bow flew. The distances were measured as follows: "Pechenegia was five days' journey from the Khazars, six days from the Alans, one day from Russia, four days from the Magyars, and half a day's journey from the Danube Bulgarians." In ancient letters about the grant of land, you can read: "From the churchyard in all directions to the bull's roar," this meant - at a distance from which the bull's roar can still be heard. Other peoples had similar measures - “cow cry”, “cock crow”. The measure was also the time “until the boiler of water boils”. Estonian sailors said that there were still “three pipes” to the shore (time spent smoking pipes). “Cannon shot” is also a measure of distance. When horseshoes for horses were not yet known in Japan and they were shod with straw soles, the measure “straw shoe” appeared - the distance at which this shoe was worn out. In Spain, a measure of distance is known - a cigar: the path that a person can travel by smoking a cigar. In Siberia, in ancient times, the measure of distance was used - beech. This is the distance at which a person ceases to see the bull's horns separately.
Until recently, the unit of pharmaceutical weight was called grain, which means grain. The unit of mass of precious stones and pearls is a carat - the weight of a seed of one of the types of beans is equal to 0.2 g
The Romans had a yuger (from “yugum” - yoke) as a measure of land plots. This is a piece of land plowed in a day by two oxen harnessed to a wooden yoke
For many peoples in the old days, the measure of weight often coincided with the measure of the value of the goods, since money was expressed in the weight of silver and gold. So, in Babylon the monetary unit is the shekel, and in Rome the ass was also the unit of weight. The same is the origin of the British currency pound sterling.
2. Methods of measurements of Ancient Rus
Ancient Rus had its own dimensions. The oldest measures of length are the cubit and the fathom. The elbow was the length from the elbow to the front joint of the middle finger and was equal to half an English yard. The name sazhen comes from the Slavonic word syag - step. At first, it meant the distance that you can step. Then they began to distinguish sazhens - swing, oblique, official, measured, large, Greek, church, royal, sea, trumpet. This was measured only by the length of the pipes in the salt fields. Fly or measured fathom - the distance between the outstretched fingers of outstretched hands (176 cm). Simple fathom (152 cm) - the distance between the span of a person's outstretched arms from the thumb of one hand to the thumb of the other. Oblique fathom (248 cm) - the distance between the sole of the left leg and the end of the middle toe of the right arm extended upwards
Small distances in Russia were measured in quarters, spans and arshins. A quarter is the distance between the apart thumb and forefinger, a span is the distance from the end of the thumb to the end of the little finger with the greatest possible spread. Four quarters were an arshin, which, in turn, fit three times in an oblique fathom. A measure of length equal to 0.1 inches was called a line (apparently because it could be drawn with a ruler). The smallest old Russian measures of length include a point equal to 0.1 of a line. Perhaps this is where the word precision came from
Man needed to measure not only distances and lengths. There were also measures of liquid, bulk solids, mass units, monetary units. Among the measures of liquid bodies of Ancient Russia are known: a barrel, a bucket, a pot, a nozzle, a mug, a cup ... The main measure of the liquid was a bucket. Korchagami (12 kg) measured honey and wax. Attachment - 2.5 buckets. The barrel was equal to 4 nozzles or 10 buckets. The barrel could be equal to 40 buckets. Smaller measures: shtof - a tenth of a bucket, a glass - a hundredth of a bucket, a scale was equal to two glasses
A barrel and a cad (shackles) were used to measure bulk solids. Kadi was a grain measure, it could hold 14 poods of rye (about 230 kg). It was divided into two halves or eight octopuses (fours). Later, a garnet appeared, equal to 1/8 of a four. The name garnets comes from the verb to rake, and means a wooden or iron container for grain. There were many local measures: boxes, belly, matting, onions and others.
The most ancient unit of mass (weight) was the hryvnia, or hryvnia, later called the pound. The Russian pound (400g) was less than the English pound (454g). Pound, like pood, comes from the Latin root and denotes weight, heaviness. The pound was subdivided into 96 spools, and the spool was divided into 96 parts
In addition to the trading pound, the pharmaceutical pound was used, which was divided into 12 ounces. The larger units of weight were a pood equal to 40 pounds and a berkovets equal to 10 poods. Berkovets comes from the word berkun - a large wicker basket, a box for feeding cattle, for carrying hay and straw. The word ton has a similar origin, it comes from the English tun - barrel
The oldest unit of weight and monetary account in Russia, apparently, was the hryvnia. Its weight was 409.5 g. It is assumed that the hryvnia is from the word "mane": by the amount of silver the hryvnia was equal to the value of a horse. Distinguished hryvnia kunny, silver and gold. Kunnies were made of low-grade silver and cost four times less than real silver ones. The gold hryvnia was 12.5 times more expensive than the silver one. Later, the hryvnia began to be cut in half into hryvnia and a new ingot of half the hryvnia was called the ruble. The ruble (obviously from the word "cut") became the main currency in Russia
The word “money”, apparently from the name of the Indian silver coin “tanka”, is found in the annals. Six money was altyn (from the Tatar alta - six). Altyn was equal to three kopecks. The name “kopeck” comes from small coins issued under Ivan the Terrible, depicting a horseman with a spear. Under Peter 1, dimes (10-kopeck coins) and fifty-kopeck coins (50-kopeck coins
Conclusion
The ratios between the units of measure were very diverse. All peoples had a complex and intricate system of measures. Every, even the smallest state, every even a little independent people, every city tried to measure their own measures. This caused a lot of confusion in the accounting of values \u200b\u200band especially in trade.
The development of trade relations between foreign states required the creation of standards. In different centuries, attempts were made to introduce standards. During this time, the system of measures has undergone many changes.
In 1960, the General Conference on Weights and Measures met, attended by representatives of 32 countries. The International System of Units was adopted. Since 1963, it has been used in all fields of science, technology and the national economy.
Bibliography
1. Klimenchenko D "Quantities and their measurements"
2. Shabalin S.A. "Measurements for all"
"Measurements" - How the units of measurement appeared. Measurement units of different countries. Meter. In our time, they are also used: There was no people who did not choose their units of measurement. UK and US units. With some differences in detail, the elements of the system are the same throughout the world. In ancient times, a person had to gradually comprehend not only the art of counting, but also measurements.
Area Units - SABC \u003d SABD + SCBD. Write down the formula for the perimeter of a rectangle and square. All corners of a rectangle are straight. Area of \u200b\u200ba triangle. The courtyard around the royal palace was rectangular with sides of 50 and 80 bumbams. Write down what measurements should be taken on the rectangle and square? Formula for the area of \u200b\u200ba rectangle and a square.
Area Units - Area Units: Calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe AVSD quadrilateral. Verbally: Calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe figure. Field areas are measured in hectares (ha). Area units. Calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe shape. Calculate the area of \u200b\u200bthe MNPQ quadrilateral.
The "unit of length is kilometer" - Kilometer. Let us recall the known measures of length. 2. Let's add the table: Task. Objective: The distance between two bus stops is 1 km. Conclusion: Which unit is larger? Units of length. What is the distance between the buses? Where in life can we meet with such a unit of length? 1000m \u003d 1km. During the classes. Abstract of a lesson in mathematics. 4th grade.
"Unit of Mass" - Translation. Find proverbs about measures. Abbreviations: Russian ml, international ml. Kilogram. Weights. Milligram. Centner - unit of mass Abbreviated designations: Russian c. Textbooks. Gran. Abbreviated designation: Russian g, international g. Designations: Russian m, international t. Abbreviated designations: Russian f, international f.
"Unit area lesson" - City area. Garden. What is ar, hectare? Is everyone looking attentively? Is everything in place, Is everything all right, Pen, book and notebook? Is everyone sitting correctly? Determine the area of \u200b\u200bthe plot, house, garden and vegetable garden, if 1 sq. Cm \u003d 50 sq. M. Goals and objectives: Fields with crops. In what mood do you end the lesson?
The quantity is something that can be measured. Concepts such as length, area, volume, mass, time, speed, etc. are called quantities. The quantity is measurement result, it is determined by a number expressed in certain units. The units in which the value is measured are called units of measurement.
To designate a value, write a number, and next to it is the name of the unit in which it was measured. For example, 5 cm, 10 kg, 12 km, 5 min. Each quantity has an infinite number of values, for example, the length can be equal to: 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, etc.
The same quantity can be expressed in different units, for example, kilogram, gram and ton are units of measure for weight. The same value in different units is expressed in different numbers. For example, 5 cm \u003d 50 mm (length), 1 h \u003d 60 min (time), 2 kg \u003d 2000 g (weight).
To measure some quantity means to find out how many times it contains another quantity of the same kind, taken as a unit of measurement.
For example, we want to know the exact length of a room. So we need to measure this length using another length that is well known to us, for example, using a meter. To do this, set aside a meter along the length of the room as many times as possible. If it fits exactly 7 times along the length of the room, then its length is 7 meters.
As a result of measuring the quantity, or named number, for example 12 meters, or several named numbers, for example 5 meters 7 centimeters, the combination of which is called composite named number.
Measures
In each state, the government has established certain units of measurement for various quantities. A precisely calculated unit of measurement taken as a sample is called benchmark or model unit... Model units of meter, kilogram, centimeter, etc. have been made, according to which units for everyday use are made. Units that have come into use and approved by the state are called measures.
The measures are called homogeneousif they serve to measure quantities of the same kind. So, gram and kilogram are homogeneous measures, since they serve to measure weight.
Units
Below are the units of measurement for various quantities that are often found in mathematical problems:
Weights / Mass Measures
- 1 ton \u003d 10 centners
- 1 centner \u003d 100 kilograms
- 1 kilogram \u003d 1000 grams
- 1 gram \u003d 1000 milligrams
- 1 kilometer \u003d 1000 meters
- 1 meter \u003d 10 decimeters
- 1 decimeter \u003d 10 centimeters
- 1 centimeter \u003d 10 millimeters
- 1 sq. kilometer \u003d 100 hectares
- 1 hectare \u003d 10,000 sq. meters
- 1 sq. meter \u003d 10000 sq. centimeters
- 1 sq. centimeter \u003d 100 sq. millimeters
- 1 cubic meter meter \u003d 1000 cubic meters decimetres
- 1 cubic meter decimeter \u003d 1000 cubic meters centimeters
- 1 cubic meter centimeter \u003d 1000 cubic meters millimeters
Let us also consider such a quantity as liter... A liter is used to measure the capacity of vessels. A liter is a volume that is equal to one cubic decimeter (1 liter \u003d 1 cubic decimeter).
Measures of time
- 1st century (century) \u003d 100 years
- 1 year \u003d 12 months
- 1 month \u003d 30 days
- 1 week \u003d 7 days
- 1 day \u003d 24 hours
- 1 hour \u003d 60 minutes
- 1 minute \u003d 60 seconds
- 1 second \u003d 1000 milliseconds
In addition, time units such as quarter and decade are used.
- quarter - 3 months
- decade - 10 days
The month is taken as 30 days if you do not need to specify the date and name of the month. January, March, May, July, August, October and December - 31 days. February in a simple year has 28 days, February in a leap year has 29 days. April, June, September, November - 30 days.
A year is (approximately) the time during which the Earth makes a complete revolution around the Sun. It is customary to count every three consecutive years for 365 days, and the fourth following them - in 366 days. A year containing 366 days is called leap, and years containing 365 days - simple... One extra day is added to the fourth year for the following reason. The time of the Earth's revolution around the Sun contains not exactly 365 days, but 365 days and 6 hours (approximately). Thus, a simple year is shorter than the true year by 6 hours, and 4 simple years are shorter than 4 true years by 24 hours, that is, by one day. Therefore, one day is added to every fourth year (February 29).
You will learn about other types of quantities as you further study various sciences.
Abbreviated names of measures
Abbreviated names of measures are usually written without a dot:
|
Weights / Mass Measures
|
Area measures (square measures)
|
|
Measures of time
|
Measure of vessel capacity
|
Measuring instruments
Special measuring devices are used to measure various quantities. Some of them are very simple and are designed for simple measurements. Such devices include a measuring ruler, tape measure, measuring cylinder, etc. Other measuring devices are more complex. Such devices include stopwatches, thermometers, electronic scales, etc.
Gauges usually have a measuring scale (or scale for short). This means that there are dashed divisions on the device, and the corresponding value of the quantity is written next to each line division. The distance between the two strokes, near which the value of the quantity is written, can be additionally divided into several smaller divisions, these divisions are most often not indicated by numbers.
It is not difficult to determine to which value of the quantity each smallest division corresponds. So, for example, the figure below shows a measuring ruler:
The numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. denote the distances between the strokes, which are divided into 10 equal divisions. Therefore, each division (distance between the nearest strokes) corresponds to 1 mm. This quantity is called scale division measuring instrument.
Before you start measuring the value, you should determine the value of the scale division of the device used.
In order to determine the division price, you must:
- Find the two nearest scale bars, near which the values \u200b\u200bof the quantity are written.
- Subtract the smaller from the larger value and divide the resulting number by the number of divisions between them.
As an example, let us determine the scale division value of the thermometer shown in the figure on the left.
Let's take two lines, near which the numerical values \u200b\u200bof the measured value (temperature) are plotted.
For example, the lines with the designations 20 ° C and 30 ° C. The distance between these strokes is divided into 10 divisions. Thus, the price of each division will be equal to:
(30 ° C - 20 ° C): 10 \u003d 1 ° C
Therefore, the thermometer reads 47 ° C.
Each of us constantly has to measure various quantities in everyday life. For example, to arrive on time to school or work, you have to measure the time that will be spent on the road. Meteorologists measure temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, etc. to predict the weather.
