How to quickly and correctly learn the alphabet with a child. Tips and rules for learning the alphabet. Interesting techniques for learning letters at different ages (from 3 to 6 years old). Methods for memorizing letters.
All parents sooner or later face such tasks: how to teach the child the alphabet, how to do it correctly, so as not to discourage the child's desire, and what methods are best to use.
Some children begin to recognize letters between the ages of 2 and 3 and can recognize most letters by the age of 4. This means that you can start learning the alphabet with your child when he is about 3 years old. Of course, do not expect that the child will immediately memorize many letters, this will take time.
Doctors and teachers believe that it is best to master letters after 3 years. From this age, children have increased curiosity and ability to learn.
But since each baby develops individually, parents must seize this moment. If you have problems with stuttering, with the pronunciation of sounds, it is better to wait.
There are several rules to help you prepare for learning the alphabet:
- let the child independently choose the book that you will read and turn the pages himself;
- carefully examine and discuss the pictures;
- discuss what you read and have your child retell the story.
It is recommended to use methods that can attract the child's attention, since interest contributes to easier learning and memorization. It is important to praise the baby and in no case should you scold. Classes should be held at the same time, regularly, in order to develop a habit.
There is a general instruction for learning letters in the alphabet:
First, it is better to start learning letters from simple ones and those that are most often used, gradually moving on to rare and complex ones.
Secondly, one letter in a couple of days will be enough for a baby. You can consolidate the result with the help of cards with objects, letters cut out of paper or fabric, molded from plasticine. In order for the child to forget a previously learned letter, it is worth starting each lesson with repetition.
Third, parents can tell their child what a letter looks like, read short poems about it, or sing a song.
Learning the alphabet in 3 years
The first step in teaching the alphabet to a three-year-old is to get them interested. More often, he begins to show interest in the letters while reading. The task of mom and dad is to maintain this interest. By this age, the baby has favorite fairy tales, rhymes (if the parents read him a lot of books). There is a motivation to master the alphabet in order to read it yourself. Best of all, at the age of three, children remember the first letter of the name, the letters A, B and C.
So, how to teach a child letters:
First, you can use cubes with letters painted on them, cards, magnetic alphabet, various posters and stickers.
Secondly, the parents, together with the child, should draw letters on paper, on a blackboard, or on asphalt. This will help you remember the letters faster.
Thirdly, you can fold letters from various improvised lines, for example, buttons, sticks, and so on. Such an activity will be useful not only in terms of learning the alphabet, but will also help develop fine motor skills.
The main rule is that the alphabet is studied one letter at a time.
It is important to remember that a child at 3 years old should not be forcibly forced and forced to learn letters - this can discourage all interest and desire, and in the future it will be harder to teach the child letters.
Learning the alphabet at 4 years old
Classes with a four-year-old child are carried out in the same way as for a three-year-old child. Games are again used to learn letters. You can continue to add letters from objects.
Parents should definitely include new games. It can be: "Magic bag", "Find pictures". First game: letters are put into a bag, which are cut out of cardboard. The kid puts his hand in there and, without looking, determines the chosen letter. Then he takes it out and checks if he named it correctly.
The second game uses a set of pictures with objects depicted on them and starting with different letters. 3-4 pictures and a specific letter of the alphabet are laid out, and the child looks for the depicted objects starting with it.
Learning the alphabet at 5 years old
At the age of 5, the child already has a conscious interest in reading. He understands that letters can be made into words, and words can be made up sentences. A five-year-old baby can independently, without parental prompts, make letters with the help of improvised objects, sculpt them from plasticine.
The electronic primer at this age will be very useful - it will interest and captivate the child. In this case, it is very important to choose the right primer. Letters should be pronounced as sounds denoting them (not "er", but "r" or not "en", but "n").
For four- and five-year-olds, there is a special workbook “Learning Letters”, according to which they can study together with their parents or independently.
At this age, the main thing is that the child speaks correctly and coherently. To do this, parents should ask the child to tell something, for example, what he was doing today, let him retell his favorite fairy tale, and so on.
Learning the alphabet at age 6
6 years is the best time to remember the alphabet and start reading. Therefore, parents should not worry too much if their baby did not show any desire to learn letters before. At 6 years old the alphabet is much faster than at 3 years old.
In this case, for classes, you can use primers, magnetic alphabet, recipes will be useful. You can watch special cartoons teaching letters with your child. Now there are many useful applications for smartphones, sites with educational games on the Internet to help a child learn the alphabet.
The whole family can create an author's ABC book. To do this, you need to draw or cut out from paper a letter and a picture depicting an object for this letter. Then we glue them to the page in the sketchbook. The child will really like this kind of work.
Consecutive lessons using the ABC book help a six-year-old to learn to read in parallel with learning the alphabet.
So, the main rules on how to teach a child letters:
- In order for a child to learn the alphabet, parents should not force them to study.
- The most favorable form for learning letters is a game form of learning.
- It is worth starting classes when the child has an interest in letters.
- The best way to learn the alphabet is for parents to pique the baby's curiosity.
- It is worth choosing interesting games that the child will sincerely want to play.
- If the child is not interested, he does not want to play with letters, then in this case the parents should postpone the lessons, because the child is not yet ready for this.
- It is very important to consolidate the learned material. Parents should ask the child to name the letters that are in the surrounding objects. Let him draw them himself.
Now you have learned how to help your child learn the alphabet. Remember, you shouldn't ask more of him than he can remember. And even if something does not work out for him, do not scold. Pay attention to the child's mood, whether he is tired. Your kid will be able to easily remember all the letters if you take into account the tips given in the article.
Lessons for future first graders. Manuals for parents and educators:
- Educational games for children of the senior group of kindergarten
- Literacy games for older preschoolers
Game "Find out who makes what sounds?"
goal
: a set of subject pictures (beetle, snake, saw, pump, wind, mosquito, dog, steam locomotive).
Description: the teacher shows the picture, the children name the object depicted on it. To the question "How does the saw ring, the beetle buzzes, etc." the child answers, and all children reproduce this sound.
Game "Whose Voice?"
goal: develop auditory perception.
Description: the leader turns his back to the children, and they all read a poem in chorus, the last line of which is pronounced by one of the children at the direction of the teacher. If the driver guesses it, the specified child becomes the driver.
Sample material:
We will play a little, as you listen, we will find out.
Try, guess who called you, find out. (The name of the driver.)
A cuckoo flew into our garden and sings.
And you, (driver's name), do not yawn, who kukuet, guess!
The rooster sat on the fence, shouted to the whole yard.
Listen, (name of the driver), don't yawn, who is the cock with us, find out!
Ku-ka-river!
Guess the Sound Game
goal: Practice clarity of articulation.
Description: the presenter makes a sound to himself, clearly articulating. Children, by the movement of the presenter's lips, guess the sound and pronounce it aloud. The one who guessed it first becomes the leader.
Game "Who has a good hearing?"
goal: develop phonemic hearing, the ability to hear the sound in a word.
Game material and visual aids: a set of subject pictures.
Description: the teacher shows the picture, names it. Children clap their hands if they hear the sound under study in the name. At later stages, the teacher can silently show the picture, and the child pronounces the name of the picture to himself and reacts in the same way. The teacher marks those who correctly identified the sound and those who could not find it and complete the task.
Game "Who lives in the house?"
goal: develop the ability to determine the presence of sound in a word.
Game material and visual aids: a house with windows and a pocket for laying out pictures, a set of object pictures.
Description: the teacher explains that only animals (birds, pets) live in the house, in the names of which there is, for example, the sound [л]. We need to put these animals in the house. Children name all the animals depicted in the pictures and choose among them those with the sound [л] or [л ’] in their names. Each correctly selected picture is evaluated by a game chip.
Sample material: hedgehog, wolf, bear, fox, hare, elk, elephant, rhino, zebra, camel, lynx.
Game "Who's Bigger?"
goal: develop the ability to hear the sound in the word and relate it to the letter.
Game material and visual aids: a set of letters already known to children, object pictures.
Description: Each child is given a card with one of the letters known to the children. The teacher shows the picture, the children name the depicted object. The one who hears the sound corresponding to his letter gets the chips. The player with the most chips wins.
Game "Vertolina"
goal: develop the ability to find words starting with a given sound.
Game material and visual aids: two plywood disks superimposed on each other (the lower disk is fixed, letters are written on it; the upper disk rotates, a narrow, letter-wide, sector is cut in it); chips.
Description: Children take turns turning the disc. The child must name the word for the letter on which the slot-sector stops. The one who completed the task correctly receives a token. At the end of the game, the number of chips is counted and the winner is determined.
Game "Logo"
goal: develop the ability to highlight the first sound in a syllable, relate it to the letter.
Game material and visual aids: a large lotto card, divided into four squares (three of them have images of objects, one empty square) and cover cards with the studied letters for each child; for the presenter, a set of separate small cards with images of the same objects.
Description: the presenter takes the top picture from the set and asks who has the item. A child who has this picture on the lotto card names the object and the first sound in the word, and then covers the picture with a card of the corresponding letter. The winner is the one who first closed all the pictures on the lotto card.
Sample material: stork, duck, donkey, tail, catfish. rose, lamp, etc.
Game "Chain"
goal: develop the ability to highlight the first and last sound in a word.
Description: one of the children calls a word, the person sitting next to him picks up a new word, where the initial sound will be the last sound of the previous word. The next child of the row continues, and so on. The task of the row is not to break the chain. The game can be played as a competition. The winner will be the row that “pulled” the chain the longest.
Game "Where is the sound hidden?"
goal: develop the ability to establish the place of sound in a word.
Game material and visual aids: the teacher has a set of subject pictures; each child has a card divided into three squares and a colored token (red with a vowel sound, blue with a consonant).
Description: the teacher shows the picture, names the object depicted on it. Children repeat the word and indicate the place of the studied sound in the word, covering one of the three squares on the card with a chip, depending on where the sound is located: at the beginning, middle or end of the word. Those who place the chip correctly on the card win.
Game "Where is our home?"
goal: develop the ability to determine the number of sounds in a word.
Game material and visual aids: a set of subject pictures, three houses with pockets and a number on each (3, 4, or 5).
Description: children are divided into two teams. The child takes a picture, names the object depicted on it, counts the number of sounds in the spoken word and inserts the picture into a pocket with a number corresponding to the number of sounds in the word. Representatives of each team come out in turn. If they are wrong, the children of the other team correct them. For each correct answer, a point is awarded, the winner is the row whose players score the most points. The same game can be played individually.
Sample material: ball, ball, catfish, duck, fly, crane, doll, mouse, bag.
The game "Wonderful bag"
goal
Game material and visual aids: a bag of variegated fabric with various items, the names of which are two or three syllables.
Description: children come to the table in order, take an object out of the bag, name it. The word is repeated syllables. The child names the number of syllables in the word.
Game "Telegraph"
goal: develop the ability to divide words into syllables.
Description: the teacher says: “Guys, now we are going to play telegraph. I will name the words, and you will transmit them one by one by telegraph to another city. " The teacher pronounces the first word by syllable and accompanies each syllable with claps. Then he calls the word, and the called child independently pronounces it syllables, accompanied by claps. If a child has completed the task incorrectly, the telegraph breaks down: all children begin to clap their hands slowly, the damaged telegraph can be repaired, that is, pronounce the word correctly in syllables and clap it off.
Alphabet in pictures for children
Coloring alphabet letters for preschool and primary school children.
Learning any language starts with the alphabet. How to introduce a child to the alphabet? Of course, with the help of beautiful and informative pictures. With our alphabet coloring, acquaintance with the alphabet will become a pleasant and memorable game for your children.
Each coloring contains a drawing of a letter, its spelling, as well as pictures of animals, objects that begin with this letter.
Coloring pictures, children will name objects and constantly pronounce letters.
These educational coloring letters will be a great springboard for an in-depth study of the Russian language in the future.
These didactic materials will be useful for educators, teachers, as well as parents for joint activities with children.
Riddles are useful for learning the alphabet: Alphabet letters. You can solve these riddles to fix the letters of the alphabet.
Letters A, B, C, D, D, E, E, F
Letters Z, I, Y, K, L, M, N, O
Letters P, R, S, T, U, F, X, Ts
Letters Ch, Sh, Sh, B, Y, L, E, Y, Z
Reading 4 min.
Almost all parents understand that the time will surely come when they will need to learn the letters of the Russian alphabet with their child. And many questions arise before them. For example, at what age will your education be most successful? Or how to make classes interesting for children? And, in general, how to study it?
Techniques to aid learning
There are a lot of different techniques, methods and exercises with the help of which the study of the letters of the Russian alphabet is easy for children. It can be special coloring books, computer games, cutting letters, modeling them from plasticine and even baking.
An original way to memorize letters You can try this technique: first you need to memorize 10 vowels, they go in pairs and in rhyme, so it will be easy to learn them: A-Z, U-Yu, O-E, E-E, Y-I. And then go to the consonants, which can also be divided into pairs, for example, voiceless - voiced. And then there is a method of studying sounds, not letters.
Singing is one of the most effective ways. You just need to learn a song with the alphabet and constantly hum it. And this option is also popular: the study of the letters of the Russian alphabet for children aged 5 years not in letters, but immediately in words.
Learning and memorization is best if visual memory is involved. Therefore, it will be very effective to cut out large letters and place them in a constant visibility zone so that the child can get used to them and remember. It's good to have them red, as this color attracts attention. In general, all tools, cards, materials used in training should be very bright, colorful, beautiful and attractive in their appearance.
It has been proven that children learn the alphabet faster and easier if the letters are depicted in the form of an animal. Or when a picture is drawn next to the letter. And then the letters will be associated with a certain image in children. For example, A with a watermelon or a stork, B with a drum, etc.
If you simultaneously teach your child to write the letters under study, then the effect will increase many times over.
Just no exams and forced imposition! All this should be interesting to the baby. Let the information come slowly so that the child does not get confused and does not give up learning. It's just great if the kid independently begins to be interested in letters. And if not, then you need to awaken this curiosity in him. And temporarily postpone classes if, nevertheless, interest does not arise.
Perhaps the title of this article will seem immodest to you, and the author - presumptuous. You might think that the author used this title to grab the attention of readers.
Yes it is. The purpose of this title is to draw your attention to the really most effective way to teach a child the letters of the Russian alphabet in the shortest possible time and teach him to pronounce these letters with sounds. You will see for yourself the simplicity and effectiveness of this method by reading this article and starting to teach your child the letters with its help. After just five sessions, your child will know all 10 vowels well and will begin to memorize consonants, even if he did not know a single letter before. And, most importantly, he will learn letters during the games and will remember them firmly.
But first, a little digression. Before you start teaching your child letters, you must decide what he needs it for. Some parents take pride in being able to teach letters to two or even one and a half year olds. But this should only be done if at the same time you start teaching your child to read. Any knowledge must immediately find its practical application. And teaching letters by itself, without simultaneously teaching to read, does not make sense. There are many other, equally effective, ways to develop a child's memory and stimulate the brain during formation. It’s also good if, by the beginning of learning to read, the child forgets these prematurely learned letters and does not pronounce them the way he was once taught: Be, Ve, Ge ... or Would, You, Gee ..., otherwise when reading it will bother him very much. You ask: "Well, if you teach a child to read and write letters at the same time, then at what age is it better to start, from two years old is it already possible?" I believe that at home, in a family, a mother with a child of this age can already study; but at first for half a minute, and then for several minutes during the day. As a result of such "lessons", built in the form of a game, the child will develop the ability to concentrate on some particular activity, and then, starting from the age of three and even a little earlier, he can be taught to read in a group of children like him. Do not forget that learning to read, and especially early reading, should take place without compulsion, in a game, against a background of positive emotions.
“Teaching the alphabet to the smallest is not a game, it is serious,” professional teachers and educators will convince you. “Learning letters using a regular game is long and not always effective,” the developers of unique techniques will say with a grin. “Board games for learning the alphabet? This is not enough! ”, - the authors of books and computer games will note with all severity.
Do not believe it! Games for children will help you learn letters without daily reading, visual impairment from the monitor screen, attending paid classes and following strict rules of special techniques. Using these games, it will be interesting to learn letters for kids. And you, dear parents, save time and nerves.
Why exactly board games for learning letters?
You’re probably thinking, "Of course, these guys will recommend board games, because every frog always praises his swamp." But this is not the case! Let's just say that some of us until recently did not believe that they worked. We were convinced that games for learning the alphabet are even cooler than computer games only after we tested them on our children.
Literally in a nutshell, we will describe the advantages of board for learning letters:
- educational game presents the alphabet in the form that is already familiar to the child;
- in many games, letters are depicted along with fruits, vegetables, favorite characters;
- the alphabet in games is served so that the kid learns it not under compulsion, but voluntarily.
You will not even notice how board games work wonders - your child will start reading. And he will do it with pleasure! Below is a list of the most popular games for learning the Russian alphabet.
Beast letters
Age: from 4 years
Number of players: 2 — 5
Here are 5 games for kids in one box at once. They will help you learn Russian letters. The main feature is bright cards with animals and the complete absence of such a thing as “cramming”. The games consist of rounds, each of which brings the participants closer to a complete study of the alphabet. The winner is the one with the most cards.
BrainBox Knowledge Box: ABC
Age: from 4 years
Number of players: from 1
The ABC from BrainBox is 67 original cards with interesting tasks, a dice and an hourglass. Participants learn to memorize what is on the card and look for answers to questions. The game will appeal to both very young and slightly older children.
ABC with Ksyusha and Andryusha
Age: from 5 years
Number of players: 2 — 5
The game will help boys and girls learn the alphabet and replenish their knowledge in such areas as culture and art, geography, animals and plants. There are tasks for the development of visual memory, there is excitement, much depends on luck. The winner will be the one who picks up the previously agreed number of cards.
Magnetic alphabet "Where is the hedgehog?"
Age: from 3 years
Number of players: from 1
Before you is not just an alphabet, but the ability to do whatever your heart desires with the letters. You can compose mini-crosswords, catch words by the tail, find scattered letters. The learning alphabet develops visual memory, fine motor skills, logical thinking, attentiveness. Magnetic letters are bright, stylish and long lasting, which is very important. Suitable for the smallest - from 3 years old.
ABC Prostokvashino
Age: from 4 years
Number of players: 2 — 4
Teaches letters and the first steps in reading. Significantly expands vocabulary, develops memory and attentiveness. Shows how diverse the surrounding world is and how many interesting objects it contains. Boys and girls will immediately fall in love with voluminous figures that look like cartoon characters. The winner is the one who first collects five cards.
Learning the alphabet: from sound to letter
Age: from 4 years
Number of players: from 1
The game will do everything possible to make the alphabet for children an open book, and the understanding of syllables, consonants and vowel sounds did not cause any difficulties. You can use cards with letters, a magnetic board, a workbook with exercises. There are no restrictions!
In parallel with Russian letters, you can also learn English. We have a great selection of the best English alphabet games.
If your child is already familiar with the letters, proceed to reading. Here is a roundup of the best board games for learning to read, and all games are in the Reading category.
Got questions about the board game? Just call Mosigra: 8-800-333-0-182 and we will help you make a choice.
