Energy-saving lamps include any lighting devices whose light output significantly exceeds the usual “Ilyich bulbs”. They have a higher efficiency, consuming 1 unit. luminous flux is almost 5 times less electricity (the lion's share of energy is spent on glow, while losses due to heat generation and other physical losses are minimized), and a longer service life.
Energy-saving lamps vary depending on the type of base, cost, principle of operation, emitted spectrum, as well as shape and dimensions.
Classification of energy-saving lamps
Energy-saving light bulbs, depending on the principle of operation, are divided into:
— fluorescent lamps: linear and compact types;
- LED bulbs.
Fluorescent lamps
Fluorescent lamps were developed a long time ago, but they did not become widespread due to their specific shape. They were made in the form of tubes of different lengths, which required special lamps and also caused inconvenience during their installation or replacement. Compact fluorescent lamps can replace incandescent lamps and be used in standard lighting fixtures.
A fluorescent lamp consists of 3 elements:
- base;
— ballast;
— a luminescent flask, inside of which there are vapors of mercury and argon, and a phosphor is applied to the inner surface.
Electromagnetic radiation is generated by the ballast, and electrons are released onto the surface of the spiral. When a glow discharge occurs, ultraviolet radiation is formed in mercury vapor. When passing through the phosphor on the surface of the lamp, this radiation is transformed into visible light.
(LED) lamps
In LED lamps, the light source is LEDs (semiconductor devices that emit light when connected to the network). The main advantage is low power consumption without compromising brightness and light output.
(xtypo_quote) In other words, a 6-W LED lamp will generate the same amount of light as a 60-W incandescent lamp, while using 8 times less power. The manufacturer provides a guaranteed service life of 30-50 thousand hours (20 years of trouble-free operation). (/xtypo_quote)
Their advantage is that they do not create heat during operation: there is no risk of fire, and you can also experiment by creating unique interior lighting. Such lamps do not contain toxic substances, so there is no danger if they are damaged. Moreover, the bases of LED lamps allow them to be mounted in any type of lamps. The glow of LED lamps does not put additional strain on the human eye organs.
Their main disadvantage is cost: they are 2 times more expensive than fluorescent ones. LED lamps are intended for household, industrial and street lighting. LED sources glow predominantly in one direction, making it possible to use them for directional lighting.
In addition to the above areas, LED lamps can be used to illuminate public places, museums, art galleries, corridors, warehouses, elevators, since there is no ultraviolet component in their light spectrum.
Varieties depending on the type of base
Depending on the type of base, compact fluorescent light bulbs are divided into several types:
1. E14 lamps with a 1.4 cm thread. Such devices are usually installed in small household sockets.
2. E27 lamps have a 2.7 cm thread and can be installed in regular size sockets.
3. E40 lamps with a fairly large base diameter due to the presence of a built-in electronic ballast. Lamps with such a base are usually used for lighting industrial areas and construction sites.
4. G23, 2G7, G53, 2D and other models of decorative lamps used in spotlights for illumination.
Sources with sockets E14, E27, E40 are intended for use in household appliances, instead of incandescent lamps. This type of lamps is characterized by significant dimensions, so replacement is not possible for all sizes of lamps.
The next important characteristic is the color of the glow. The human eye perceives different light sources differently. Based on this criterion, the following types of lamps are distinguished depending on the color of the glow:
- warm white;
- neutral white;
- cold white;
- daylight.
Energy-saving lamps differ depending on the size of the bulbs. They can have the following diameter:
Depending on the shape, I distinguish lamps:
— U-shaped;
- in the shape of a spiral.
The high efficiency, practicality and long service life of energy-saving lamps have made them quite popular and the most commonly used type for industrial and residential premises.
Electricity tariffs are rising every day. People increasingly began to think about saving issues. Modern industry and science did not stand aside. Thus, energy-saving lamps first appeared on sale, followed by LED lamps. But since the market is flooded with different options at different price points, people get confused and do not know which light bulb is better - LED or energy-saving. In this article we will try to compare the two technologies and consider the advantages and disadvantages of each.
About fluorescent lamps
Compact luminescent products are distinguished by a curved bulb shape. Thanks to this design, the light bulb can be easily placed even in small lighting fixtures. Its flask contains inert gases. This can be argon, neon and mercury vapor, and inside the body of the luminescent part is coated with a layer of phosphor.
If such a device is exposed to high voltage, then electrons begin to move in it. At the moment of collision of the latter with mercury, ultraviolet radiation invisible to the eye is created. It is then transformed into light visible to humans due to a layer of phosphor.
A fluorescent lamp consists of three elements:
- base;
- electric ballast;
- flask.
These types of energy-saving light bulbs for the home can be arranged differently. It all depends on the variety.
A variety of fluorescent lamp shapes: linear
Luminescent products can be ring-shaped, straight or U-shaped. For example, a straight line with two bases resembles a glass tube. At the ends of this tube there are special glass legs on which the electrodes are fixed. There is a phosphor layer on the inner surface of the glass tube.
Such economical light bulbs for the home may differ in their diameter, length, and base width. The longer and thicker the tube, the more energy the light bulb consumes. Most often, these products are used in everyday life, in office premises, and at various production facilities. Compact fluorescent light bulbs are now widely used. Their “lineal” relative is their ancestor and is gradually leaving the lighting market.
Compact energy-saving fluorescent lamps
The domestic light source market often offers imported products.
Widespread brands are General Electric, Philips, Osram and others. All products differ depending on specific features. Many of these companies also produce LED lamps. If there are difficulties in how to choose an LED light bulb for your home, it is better to buy something popular. Below we will look at their classification.
Classification of luminescent products
Lamps are distinguished primarily by their base:
- The 2D base is used for devices intended for decorative lighting and for use in showers.
- G23 is suitable for both bathrooms and shower rooms.
- 2G7 is used in industrial as well as household appliances.
- E27 socket are lamps for conventional sockets. Such models are widespread on the market.
- E14 is used with a small chuck, and E40 with a large chuck.
Electric light bulbs for the home with sockets for regular and small sockets are as easy as possible to install. The numbers correspond to the thread diameter. The service life of such products from various manufacturers ranges from 4 to 16 thousand working hours.
The industry produces them with an open tube and diffuser. The bulb diameter of the bulb can be from 7 to 17 mm. And its shape can be U-shaped with three, four, or six souls.
In addition to those described, lamps in the form of a spiral are produced. Spiral products have slightly smaller geometric dimensions than U-shaped ones. But in terms of power they are equivalent. Appearance and shape do not in any way affect the functionality of the lighting fixture. As for the cost, a spiral lamp will cost more, since their production technology is more expensive and labor-intensive.
Advantages of fluorescent lamps
The described products make it possible to significantly (up to 80%) reduce electricity costs. At the same time, the luminous flux will remain the same as that of a traditional incandescent lamp.
Another plus is its long service life. The product will burn effectively for up to 15 thousand hours. This is 6-14 times longer than the life of an incandescent lamp and allows them to be installed in hard-to-reach places to eliminate frequent replacement. An energy-saving lamp can have different color temperatures. The colors of the light flux also differ:
- 2700 K is warm white light.
- 4300 K - daily.
- 6500 K - cool white glow.
Light
The main advantage of these products is the low amount of energy required for operation. Thus, an LED part with a power of only 10 W is capable of producing the same amount of light as a 60 W incandescent lamp.
The second advantage is the service life. Various manufacturers claim 30-50 thousand hours. This is approximately 20 years of operation. Another significant advantage is that the LED light source does not heat up during operation, which means it completely eliminates the risk of fire. You can also carry out the most daring experiments in interior design with them. LED lamp bases are universal and can be used in any type of lamps and chandeliers.
Another significant advantage is the absence of harmful substances in the housing and high environmental friendliness. The glow of the LED bulb does not strain the eyes. And the only significant drawback is the price. Although the cost of an LED part is only twice as high as an ordinary fluorescent one. But, despite the cost, these are the best light bulbs for the home.
Types of LED Products
They differ in design, as well as depending on the area of use they are intended for. There are household LED lamps, LED products for illuminating interior details, parts for use in architectural objects and landscape design.
There are explosion-proof, street lamps, industrial floodlights. If you analyze all the advantages of LED products, then you don’t even have to think about which light bulb is better - LED and energy-saving. With all its advantages, the energy-saving one still loses to its LED relative. The choice is obvious - this is a significant saving of money.
LED or fluorescent: comparison
The market offers LED and energy-saving light bulbs. Comparing them shows that both options are quite economical and have a long service life. However, if we take a closer look at the main technical characteristics, the LED lamp in many ways outperforms energy-saving lamps.
The relatively high cost will pay off over the years. When organizing lighting in an apartment, especially if the volumes are large enough, only LEDs are used due to their service life, efficiency, variety of shapes, and high environmental friendliness. Energy saving is not suitable for installation in a suspended ceiling. She gets very hot. Stretch ceilings can also melt.
If you think about which light bulb is better - LED or energy-saving - then the former are more suitable for all rooms in the apartment, and the latter - for kitchens and corridors.
Features of choosing LED products
The market is overflowing with products from foreign brands, domestic and Chinese manufacturers.
Therefore, many people have certain difficulties when choosing. And they don't know exactly how to choose an LED light bulb for their home. This should be done based on the purpose of the lighting, various technical requirements, as well as the type and area of the room. After all points are taken into account, choose the type of lamp and its appearance.
You can choose by cost, shape, required power. And of course, it is better to buy an expensive lamp from a well-known brand. This is reliability and many years of service.
Which lamp is better?
To find out which light bulb is better - LED or energy-saving - pay attention to environmental friendliness. Energy-saving products are great for non-residential premises. These lamps contain poisonous mercury in their housing, so they should not be used for home lighting. LEDs, on the contrary, are ideal for residential premises, do not heat up and are completely environmentally friendly.
So, answering the question of which light bulb is better - LED or energy-saving - experts recommend using diode products.
It is difficult to imagine how a century and a half ago humanity managed without lighting lamps. After the advent of this miracle of technology, for a long time we were content with ordinary incandescent lamps, but they, like candles and kerosene lamps, are already fading into oblivion. They are being replaced by more economical lamps that consume less electricity and last for years. But how can we, who are accustomed to focusing only on the power of an ordinary lamp and its base, choose the right energy-saving lamp for our home and apartment, since there are a huge number of them on store shelves? We were helped to figure it out by real experts in this field, employees of the online store 220svet.ru, who have been helping Russians make their lives brighter for several years in a row and are selling various kinds of lamps and fixtures.
The store delivers products to all regions of Russia, and over many years of operation it has managed to establish cooperation with major manufacturers, so it offers its customers competitive prices. The company sells a huge number of lamps of different types and power; the entire range can be found on the page https://220svet.ru/catalog/lampochki/. In addition, the online store sells floor lamps, sconces, spotlights, chandeliers, table lamps and other lighting items, offering customers a guarantee on all products.
No. 1. When can you not do without energy-saving lamps?
The whole world has recognized that energy-saving light bulbs are the future, but cheap incandescent light bulbs are still sold en masse. So which lamps are best to use? For lamps that operate at least 2-3 hours a day, it is better to take energy-saving lamps. In this case, the purchase will pay off within a couple of years, and then full savings will begin.
When we are talking about a lamp that is turned on infrequently and for a few minutes a day (for example, in basements and attics), then it will be more economical to use an incandescent lamp, at least while they are still on sale. By the way, the government of the country has already limited the sale of incandescent lamps with a power of more than 100 W and its next step will most likely be a ban on lamps with a power of more than 50 W. 
No. 2. Types of energy saving lamps
Energy-saving lamps include:
- fluorescent lamps;
- LED bulbs.
Looking ahead, we note that LED lamps are superior to fluorescent lamps in all respects: they are more durable, completely harmless, do not flicker, and their luminous flux does not decrease over time. LED lamps lose only in terms of price, but they are more economical in operation.
Both versions of energy-saving lamps differ from incandescent lamps in that all electricity is converted into visible light, while “Ilyich light bulbs” lose a significant part of the energy by converting it into heat. 
Sometimes energy-saving lamps include halogen lamps., which is not entirely correct. They are 2-3 times more durable than conventional incandescent lamps, but are still significantly inferior to their LED and fluorescent counterparts. A halogen lamp is actually the same as an incandescent lamp, only filled with bromine or iodine vapor (substances belonging to the halogen group). In a conventional lamp, the tungsten atoms from which the coil is made begin to evaporate at high temperatures and deposit on colder surfaces. This is the main reason for their low durability. If you add halogens to the flask, they will react with tungsten, and the resulting compounds will then decompose into their original components: part of the tungsten returns to the spiral, and durability increases.
The service life of halogen lamps is 2-4 thousand hours, but when used together with a dimmer, the durability increases to 8-12 thousand hours. Such lamps have high quality color rendering, they are small, can be produced in interesting shapes and do not require specific disposal. Not the longest service life and low efficiency still do not allow halogen lamps to be classified as energy-saving. 
No. 3. Fluorescent energy saving lamps
Fluorescent lamps are 5-20 times more durable than incandescent lamps and use 75% less electricity to produce the same light output. Visible light technology this is fundamentally different. In fluorescent lamps, an electrical discharge passes through vapors of mercury and inert gases, causing ultraviolet glow. When passing through a layer of phosphor applied to the inner surface of the lamp bulb, it produces visible light.
It is more correct to call those lamps that are used in everyday life compact fluorescent lamps(CFL), since non-compact ones are also manufactured, which have very long bulbs and are used in large rooms. CFLs, as a rule, have a bulb in the shape of a twisted spiral and traditional screw bases, so these lamps can easily replace conventional incandescent lamps. 
Advantages of fluorescent lamps:
Disadvantages of fluorescent lamps:
- the need for careful operation and proper disposal, since such lamps contain mercury, the amount of which can range from 2.3 mg to 1 g;
- sensitivity to voltage drops and frequent starts, which reduces service life. Experts do not recommend using fluorescent lamps in public places or equipping them with motion sensors. It is better not to turn off these lamps if you leave the room for a short time. The optimal indicator for achieving the greatest durability is 5 inclusions per day;
- The lamp needs some time to begin to shine at its maximum capacity. At room temperature this takes about 30-45 seconds;
- over time, the luminous flux of the lamp will decrease, which is associated with degradation of the phosphor, so it is better to take a lamp with a small power reserve;
- unpleasant flickering;
- complex connection diagram;
- sensitivity to high temperatures, so it is better not to use such lamps in luminaires that limit heat dissipation.
When using fluorescent lamps at low temperatures, their light output will be lower than declared. Such lamps cannot be used with dimmers. It is very rare on sale, but you can find lamps with adjustable brightness, but they cost several times more than regular ones and do not have a long service life. 
No. 4. LED bulbs
LED lamps are the pinnacle of light bulb evolution. They do not have the disadvantages characteristic of their analogues, they consume 6-10 times less electricity than incandescent lamps, and are several times more durable than fluorescent lamps. There are no tungsten spirals or harmful substances in such lamps - the light source is an LED, the complex principle of which allows one to dispense with the use of dangerous and toxic compounds.
The LED bulb can be part of a single piece or sold as a replacement bulb. The latter becomes the object of our attention. 
Basic advantages of LED lamps:
Basic flaw Such lamps are expensive. There is an opportunity to save money - lamps from nameless Chinese manufacturers, but it is better not to buy them. Moreover, many Chinese and even some domestic manufacturers somewhat overestimate the characteristics of their lamps - it is better to take products from famous European companies. LED lamps are sensitive to high temperatures, so they cannot be used in saunas. 
No. 5. Lamp power and luminous flux
Conventional incandescent lamps have been in use for so long that when choosing, we are accustomed to looking mainly at power as a key indicator. We all understand how a 40 W or 60 W lamp will shine. The power of energy-saving lamps is several times lower (4-25 W), so for many, purchasing a suitable lamp raises many questions. Manufacturers make this task easier for us and indicate on the packaging the equivalent power, i.e. tell us how an economical light bulb will shine, comparing it with the luminous flux of an incandescent lamp of a certain power (for example, on a fluorescent lamp it may be written “8 W corresponds to 40 W”).
The manufacturer's concern is pleasant, but educated people should understand that lamp power and light output are not the same thing, and the familiar watt is a unit of power. Luminous flux is measured in lumens. To make it easier to understand: a 40 W incandescent lamp gives a luminous flux of 470-500 lm, 60 W – 700-850 lm, 75 W – 900-1200 lm. Now, when studying the packaging of an economical lamp, you can already roughly imagine how it will shine. 
When choosing a lamp with the required brightness level, you can also rely on power equivalent. For fluorescent lamps you can use a factor of 5: if it is indicated that the lamp has a power of 12 W, then this means that it will shine like a 60 W incandescent lamp. For LED this coefficient is about 7-8: a 10-12 W lamp will shine like a 75 W incandescent lamp. 
The dependence of the luminous flux on power allows us to judge the efficiency of the lamp and its light output, which is measured in lm/W. Incandescent lamps for every 1 W of electricity consumed provide only 10-16 lm of ceiling light, i.e. have a light output of 10-16 lm/W. Halogen lamps have a light output of 15-22 lm/W, fluorescent lamps - 40-80 lm/W, LED lamps - 60-90 lm/W.
No. 6. Colorful temperature
A lamp with the same power can produce light of different shades, warmer or cooler. Color temperature is measured in Kelvin and must be indicated on the lamp packaging. On sale you can find lamps with temperatures from 2700 K to 6500 K: The lower the value, the warmer and yellower the light will be. 
When choosing, you can focus on the following standards:
It is undesirable to use lamps with different color temperatures in the same room - this will cause discomfort, and if it is constant, vision problems may arise. 
No. 7. Color rendering index
The light source can greatly influence a person's perception of colors. We all know how different the same shade can be under different lighting. Sunlight is considered the reference, its color rendering index CRI is 100. For artificial light this figure is slightly lower, but the closer it is to 100, the more correct and natural colors we will see. All modern energy-saving lamps have CRI 80 or more– this is normal color rendition. 
Color rendering and color temperature in the markings are encrypted three-digit code, for example, 830, where the first digit indicates the color rendering index (in our case it comes out to CRI 80), and the last two indicate the color temperature (3000 K). 
No. 8. Life time
The manufacturer usually indicates durability in hours, but this parameter may not be entirely clear to the average user - it is more convenient for us to count in years. On average, under normal operating conditions, an LED lamp will last 10-15 years, a fluorescent lamp – about 5 years. Manufacturers provide a guarantee for LED lamps.
No. 9. Base type
Still considered the most popular classic Edison base with a diameter of 27 mm, which is denoted E27. Most household lamps are designed to install lamps with just such a base. This was the standard for incandescent lamps, and manufacturers of energy-saving lamps did everything for user convenience and mass-produced lamps with an E27 base. Some sconces, table lamps and small lamps may require lamps with a smaller base - E14. Large, powerful luminaires usually use lamps with a base E40. If it is difficult to determine which base a lamp needs, you can go to the store with an old incandescent lamp.
Compact lamps with pin contacts. In them, the base is marked with the letter G and the number following it, which indicates the distance between the pins in mm, for example G10. 
No. 10. Bulb shape and brightness adjustment
If it is necessary for the lamp to provide not only light, but also perform a decorative function, then it is better to choose LED bulbs, which may be in the form candles, ball etc. Halogen and incandescent lamps provide even more choice in this regard, but you won’t be able to save money with them. Fluorescent lamps They are produced only in the form of spirals and tubes. 
If things are not so bad with the shape of the bulb of energy-saving lamps, then with brightness adjustment everything is much worse. Of course, it is possible to find a sample that can be connected to a dimmer, but it will not be cheap, and an economical lamp still does not implement all the possibilities for adjusting the brightness. If you want to use a dimmer, it is better to take a halogen lamp.
Finally
To ensure that the energy-saving lamp meets your expectations, buy products from well-known manufacturers(Philips, OSRAM, GE, Ecola) and ask about the warranty period. A normal LED lamp will have a warranty of 2-3 years, not 6 months.
Until recently, energy-saving devices were not widely used indoors, as they were manufactured in the form of tubes of different lengths. It was difficult for an ordinary user to install or change such models, compared to a conventional incandescent lamp. Today this is an improved device for a fluorescent lighting device. Let's take a closer look at what energy-saving lamps are (types and prices will help you make the right choice for your room).
Read in the article:
Categories of lighting fixtures, types of bases
There are 2 types of models:
- LED
- luminescent.
If we talk about light output, then LED designs have much more.
Types of LED lamps and applications
LED (light emitting diode) is a visually ordinary bulb with a semiconductor crystal. The range depends on the chemical semiconductor composition. In modern technology, this is a new solution.
Classification:
- Type of base.
- Application area.
- Type of LED used.
Let's look at LED models by area of application.
Street lighting fixtures
Widely used in illumination of large swimming pools, public buildings, pedestrians and other public places.
Various decoration methods using smart RGB lighting devices are also widely used.
LED for home and office use
This type can completely replace all categories of previously used models: conventional incandescent lamps; fluorescent and halogen.
Visually they are no different from their predecessors and have a similar base.
LED spotlights
This model is assigned to a separate class. Until today, quartz light fluxes have been used in spotlights.
Due to technical characteristics and differences in photometry, it is impossible to directly replace quartz lamps with LED models. Therefore, floodlights are designed specifically for the LED light source.
LED in industry
This direction is widely used in factories, warehouses and production facilities.
Distinctive features: ideal luminous flux; highest power and IP rating protection.
Models designed for growing plants
Note! Such models sometimes use programming capabilities.
How are caps classified?
The base is the part of the lighting fixture that is in contact with the power supply.
Types of energy-saving lamp bases are divided into two groups:
- Screw-type, marked with the symbol “E”.
- Pin "G".
Let's take a closer look in the table at how bases are classified:
| Types of base | Description |
|---|---|
 E27 Regular classic model with thread | The base is suitable for chandeliers and lamps |
 E14, this is E27, only with smaller threads | Used in modern lighting devices. “Candle” and “Minion” models are produced with a base. |
 GU5.3, similar to the base model of halogen | Such devices are used in LED lamps and do not require design changes |
 GU10 | The model can be found in the kitchen area, where a hood and lighting are used |
 G4 base with two wires | Used in small light bulbs |
 G9 (pin) | The base is the most convenient when installing or replacing the flask |
Energy saving lamps and LED lamps: comparison with predecessors
In order to obtain a complete amount of information about each model, you need to clearly familiarize yourself with the performance characteristics and make a comparison.
Note! In order for the comparison to take place with maximum accuracy, we determine the level of luminous flux of the room (800 Lm).
This is about a regular 75W incandescent model. Now let's give an example with 4 devices, with the same level of illumination.
Comparison table for energy-saving lamps: technical characteristics of incandescent, halogen and fluorescent devices:
| Types/names | Heating level | Light flux, lm | Power, W | Payment per year/RUB (20 devices) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Incandescent lighting fixture | High heat | 600-700 | 75 | 11000 |
 Compact fluorescent lamp, energy-saving model | Medium heat | 600-700 | 15 | 2200 |
 LED | Doesn't heat up or break | 800 | 10 | 1450 |
 Halogen | Gets very hot and very fragile | 700 | 45 | 6600 |
Based on the data in the table, we can summarize that the leading place is occupied by.
Power consumption
The data shows that for different types of lamps, with the same illumination, the luminous efficiency varies greatly. As for the practical issue, an LED lighting device consumes almost 8 times less energy, which affects costs.
Note! A fluorescent lamp, for all its savings, is still less economical.
Saving
Let's do a little calculation:
- Price of one kW = 3 rubles.
- We will assume that the lamp burns 8 hours a day.
- We receive 2920 hours per year.
Let's calculate electricity for the year:
- Incandescent lamp: 2920×75 = 219,000 = 219 kW per hour (219×3 = 657 rubles).
- Luminescent: 2920×15 = 43,800 = 43.8 kW per hour (43.8×3 = 131.4 rubles).
- LED: 2920×10 = 29,200 = 29.2 kW per hour (29.2×3 = 87.6 rubles).
- Halogen: 2920×45 = 131,400 = 131.4 kW per hour (131.4×3 = 394.2 rubles).
Based on the calculations, it can be seen that the LED model allows us to save a significant amount.
Regular and energy saving lamp: power/table
The table shows indicators without a protective bulb, which reduces brightness by 20%.
| LED, W | Incandescent, W | Flow, Lm |
|---|---|---|
| 3 | 25 | 250 |
| 5 | 40 | 400 |
| 8 | 60 | 650 |
| 14 | 100 | 1300 |
| 22 | 150 | 2100 |
Are energy-saving lamps harmful to human health (especially for children)?
Ecology is one of the important indicators of the product. From the point of view of their data, halogen and incandescent lamps are environmentally friendly; their light spectrum is not harmful to human health. But taking into account the energy consumed, which is wasted just like that, they received a rating of 4 on a five-point scale.
Fluorescent lighting fixtures are rated 3 for several reasons:
- Energy-saving lamps flicker when turned off, which causes very tired eyes.
- The luminous flux is very weak and it is bad for vision.
- Mercury, if the lamp is damaged, can cause harm to health. Urgent disposal of the device will be required.
Note! LED lighting devices received a rating of five, as they have no disadvantages from the point of view of the environment and harm to the body.
Energy saving lamps: types and price. Are we saving or not?
In order to understand which model to choose for a particular room and save, you need to look at the average cost, service life and calculate the total savings.
Now let’s calculate the real savings of an LED lamp compared to its predecessors. The maximum service life after which the luminous flux begins to decrease significantly is 3 years, based on 8 hours per day.
Note! This adds up to 8,500 hours of lamp life. During this period, we change 12 incandescent lamps and 2 fluorescent lamps.
Let's calculate the amount for 3 years:
- LED – 300 rubles (1×300).
- Luminescent – 300 rubles (2×150).
- Lamp “Ilyich” – 360 rubles (12×30).
Then we add the amount of consumed electricity to the cost and multiply by 3 years:
- LED 562.8 rub.
- Luminescent RUB 694.2
- Incandescent 2331 rub.
Attention! If we compare a regular lamp with an LED light source, then the second one will allow us to save up to 2000 rubles. in 3 years. And that's just one light bulb!
Article
Kirill Sysoev
Calloused hands never get bored!
Content
Are you planning to update the lighting in your home or office? Then pay attention to energy-saving lamps, especially since the luminescent type of such light sources has good power. Today, these light bulbs have become an excellent alternative to yellow incandescent lamps with high filament heating temperatures, which are already obsolete. With less power and electricity consumption, such products are becoming more and more in demand from year to year.
What are energy saving lamps
Today, energy-saving light bulbs are widely used not only for lighting in offices and institutions, but also in apartments and private houses. A product of this type is an electric light bulb, which has a significantly higher light output compared to many analogues, which allows you to save a lot on electricity bills. It can have the usual U-shape or spiral. An energy-saving light bulb is installed in the same conventional socket as an incandescent lamp. At the same time, some models have a cool white glow, while others have a warm glow.
Device
Inside the light bulb is filled with inert gas and mercury or indium almagama. There is no filament in it. When exposed to high voltage, electrons begin to move and collide with atoms of the filling substance. The internal part of the product is an electronic starting and power circuit called electronic ballast. Models used for household lighting have such basic parameters as color temperature and power. The surface of the bulb is coated with a phosphor to give the light flux a color.
Kinds
Currently, economical light bulbs are divided into several types, which must be taken into account when choosing the best option for good lighting. First of all, they are divided into LED lamps, which have a standard base, fluorescent (gas-discharge) and halogen. In addition, they come in spiral and U-shape. Depending on the diameter, products are 7, 9, 12 and 17 mm. Types of energy-saving lamps by color of radiation:
- daytime;
- neutral white;
- warm white;
- cool white color.
Power
Before you buy energy-saving lamps in an online store with delivery by mail, familiarize yourself with such a parameter as power. Today they produce products from 7 to 250 W. It should be taken into account that their power is approximately 5 times greater than the power of incandescent lamps, so it is advisable to choose in accordance with the proportion 1:5 to achieve the desired lighting. In general, the higher this setting, the brighter the light will be.
Advantages and disadvantages
When buying compact, economical lamps for ordinary lamps or general/spot lighting of a particular room, familiarize yourself with their pros and cons. Here are some disadvantages:
- When choosing linear fluorescent daylight models or other energy-efficient light bulb options, remember that their cool or soft white color is different from the usual incandescent light bulb. If the color is chosen incorrectly, this can become a significant disadvantage, because... It will be very difficult to get used to such lighting.
- Another disadvantage of energy-saving lamps is their high cost, which is 10-20 times higher than a regular light bulb. In addition, they contain mercury, which is considered a dangerous poison.
- The most harmful is the presence of ultraviolet radiation, which affects the retina and cornea of the eye. In this regard, such lamps should not be placed closer than 30 cm from the eyes - this applies to a greater extent to lighting devices: table lamps, bedside lamps.
As for the advantages of energy-saving devices, they include:
- low power consumption;
- long service life;
- high light output;
- choosing the desired color;
- low temperature.
Buy energy saving lamps
To find out how much an energy-saving light bulb costs, you need to do some kind of price monitoring and, in addition, compare the characteristics of several products from the same category. This is the only way you can choose compact-sized light bulbs with enough power for normal lighting. In this case, you need to pay attention to both the diameter of the base and the diameter of the flasks. It should be added that today on the market you can find fluorescent lamps not only made in China, but also in Russia, and in different color shades.
Linear
Indoor economical lamps with a linear shape are excellent for table lamps. With their help, you can create the coziness necessary for work, not only in the office, but also at home. They are not only economical and durable, but also stylish. In addition, such products provide an even light that is comfortable for the human eye. At the same time, the question often arises: how much does an energy-saving light bulb of this type cost? You can find out about this below:
- Model name: Camelion G5;
- price: 120 rubles;
- characteristics: power 20W, bulb shape - tube, not mirror;
- pros: durability;
- cons: no possibility to connect a dimmer.
Another option, which has a good emission spectrum and a long service life, and is produced by a well-known company, is:
- Model name: Philips G5;
- price: 262 rubles;
- characteristics: light - daylight, color temperature - 4000 K, diameter - 17 mm, height - 1.5 cm;
- advantages: service life – up to 24 thousand hours;
- cons: high cost.
Compact
To save electricity, pay attention to compact fluorescent light bulbs. Manufacturers produce them in a wide price range, so you can choose a model that will cost as little as possible. Remember that their service life greatly depends on the operating mode; for example, they do not like frequent switching on. A good compact option is:
- Model name: Uniel G23;
- price: 244 rubles;
- characteristics: light - daytime, power - 15 W, base type - G23, color temperature - 4500 K, luminous flux - 900 lm, diameter - 27 mm, height - 19.3 cm;
- pluses: they work for a long time, have a convenient flask shape;
- Cons: expensive, takes a long time to burn.
Another well-known brand that produces products with good light emission is OSRAM. Today you can even order them online, especially since some virtual stores hold promotions. A good purchase for you might be:
- Model name: OSRAM 2G1;
- price: 282 rubles;
- characteristics: power – 55 W, color rendering index – 80Ra, diameter – 17.5 mm, height – 2.36 cm, weight – 115 g;
- advantages: service life up to 20 thousand hours;
- Cons: The U-shaped base does not fit all fixtures.
For spotlights
Another good option for lighting an apartment is to use spotlights. You can find them on sale everywhere, be it Moscow, St. Petersburg or another city in the country. An important parameter when choosing is light temperature. Due to the shallow installation depth, spotlights are widely used by installers of suspended ceilings. One popular option is:
- Model name: ERA GU10;
- price: 130 rubles;
- characteristics: light - daylight, power - 6 W, luminous flux - 500 lm, color temperature - 4000 K;
- pros: works up to 30 thousand hours;
- cons: expensive.
Another option that can be purchased on sale at various retail outlets is the model:
- Model name: Elektrostandard G5;
- price: 34 rubles;
- characteristics: light – warm white, power – 11 W, luminous flux – 300 lm, color temperature – 2700 K, weight – 16 g;
- pros: reasonable price;
- cons: short service life of 10 thousand hours.
Base E27
Lighting devices with such a base are the most widespread today. They fit standard sockets installed indoors. Energy-saving lamps of this type closely resemble conventional incandescent lamps. If you have not yet decided on the best option, then check out the characteristics of the model:
- model name: Navigator E27;
- price: 141 rubles;
- characteristics: light - daylight, power - 15 W, bulb shape - pear-shaped, matte, color temperature - 4000 K;
- pros: durability, pleasant soft light;
- cons: expensive.
Check out another energy-saving option with LEDs, which, however, costs a little more:
- Model name: ASD E27;
- price: 215 rubles;
- characteristics: light – warm white, power – 20W, color temperature – 3000 K, luminous flux – 1800 lm;
- pros: durability, optimal light spectrum;
- cons: expensive.
Base E40
This type of base is also called a goliath. It is used mostly in street lamps and for lighting industrial premises. By replacing conventional lamps with energy-saving ones with such a base, you can reduce energy costs by almost 10 times. One of the common representatives of this category of goods is:
- model name: Wolta E40;
- price: 742 rubles;
- characteristics: light – cold, power – 85 W, color temperature – 6400 K, shape – spiral;
- advantages: long service life;
Remember that you can buy economical light sources more or less cheaply only if you order them in bulk. This is the only way you will have the opportunity to purchase powerful 100 W light sources at a good discount. Another option:
- model name: Feron E40;
- price: 1379 rubles;
- characteristics: light - daylight, power - 125 W, color temperature - 4000 K, diameter - 105 mm, height - 28.8 cm;
- pros: durability, good brightness;
- cons: very high cost.
Base E14
These sockets, called minions, are designed for miniature classic light bulbs. To a greater extent, bases of this marking are used in chandeliers, sconces and small lamps. Modern energy-saving light sources are often manufactured in such a base, so they can replace standard incandescent light bulbs. One option is:
- model name: Ecola E14;
- price: 99 rubles;
- characteristics: light - daylight, bulb shape - reflector, power -5.2 W, color temperature - 4200 K, light flux - 460 lm;
- cons: reasonable cost.
If the described option does not suit you in some way, then check out the characteristics of another, no less popular product:
- Model name: ASD E14;
- price: 95 rubles;
- characteristics: light - daylight, power - 5 W, bulb shape - candle in the wind, color temperature - 4000 K, light flow - 450 ml;
- advantages: service life – up to 30 thousand hours;
- cons: reasonable cost.
Professional
The rise in electricity prices is forcing users to look for new ways to save. One of them is to purchase professional and modern energy-saving lamps. With the same lighting, such light sources will consume 5 times less electricity than traditional incandescent lamps. In addition to this, they have virtually no flickering effect. If you are looking for an option for use in professional equipment, then pay attention to:
- name Fancier 45W;
- price: 899 rubles;
- characteristics: power – 45 W, base – E27, creates an intense stream of bright light;
- advantages: universal use;
- cons: expensive.
Another option for professionals that is used for Lumifor AMATO studio lights is:
- name Lumifor LLB-75W;
- price: 359 rubles;
- characteristics: power – 75 W, base – E14, provides even light;
- pros: can be used both in home photo studios and small professional ones;
- cons: expensive.
How to choose energy-saving lamps
To answer the question of how to choose an energy-saving light bulb for an apartment, you must first decide on the parameters:
- Power. This figure for energy-saving models is 5 times higher than for incandescent lamps, so if you use a traditional 100-watt lamp, then the energy-saving model should have 20 watts.
- Base. The most common type is the base with the designation E27. For large lamps, E40 is suitable, for sconces/table lamps - E14.
- Type of glow. The higher the temperature spectrum, the whiter the lamp will shine. Work cubicles and offices are in most cases equipped with models with an indicator in the range of 6-6.5 thousand K. For a bedroom or kitchen, it is better to choose 2.7 thousand K. As for a room for children, the best option would be a lamp with 4, 2 thousand K.
- Lamp shape. It does not affect anything other than the interior and design of the room. In order not to overpay and save money, make a choice in favor of U-shaped products, because... Spiral analogues are more expensive due to the complexity of manufacturing.
- In addition, pay attention to cost, durability and the availability of a manufacturer's warranty.
