Plan-outline of an open lesson in physical education
Class: 6 . the date of the : 12.10.2016
Location : the gym.
Lesson topic
The purpose of the lesson
Lesson Objectives :
Training : Improving the technique of stopping and passing the ball in place and in motion.
Developing : Coordination, speed-power qualities.
Educational : Hard work, collectivism.
Inventory : Soccer balls, cones.
| Number of repetitions | Methodical instructions |
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| Preparatory part | |||
| Updating. Build, greet, announce the topic, goals and objectives of the lesson. Drill (turns right, left, around). Warm up : exercise in movement hands up walking on toes hands to the sides on the heels hands on the belt on the outside of the foot on the inside of the foot arms forward semi-squat hands behind the head full squat Easy to run. (jogging) Special running exercises: mincing run running with side steps (right, left side) many jumps (reindeer running) running-jumping running with a high hip lift jogging backwards cross step running (right, left side) acceleration run low intensity running O.R.U. (in place) 1.I.p... O.S. Hands on the belt, head tilts 1- back, 2-forward, 3-right, 4-left. 2.I.p... O.S. Hands on the belt; rotation of the head in 4 counts - to the right, in 4 counts - to the left. 3. I. p. O. s Hands extended forward, hands clenched into fists - rotation in the wrist 4 counts - forward, 4 counts back. 4.I.p... O.S. The arms are extended forward, rotation of the elbow joint 4 counts forward, 4 counts backward. 5. I. p. O.S. Arms are straight, rotation in the shoulder joint 4 counts - forward 4 counts back. 6.I.p... O.S. Hands on the belt, rotation in the lumbar joints 4 counts - to the right, 4 counts - to the left. 7.I.p... O.S. Hands on the belt, rotation in the hip joint 4 counts to the right, 4 counts to the left. 8. I. p. O.S. Hands on the knees, rotation in the knee joint 4 counts - to the right, 4 counts - to the left. 9.I.p... wide stand. Slopes to the account 1 - to the right leg, to the account 2 - to the floor, 3 - to the left, 4 - I. p. 10.I.p... O.S. Tilts of the body 1-2-3 forward, 4- we fix by gripping the legs with hands. 11. Jumping. 4 times on the right leg, 4 times on the left leg, 4 times on two with a rotation of 360 degrees. | 2 sets 2 sets 2 sets 2 sets 2 sets 2 sets 2 sets 2 sets 2 sets All 10 m 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps 7-8 reps | The teacher communicates to the students. Technique and correctness of execution. Arms extended Back straight Maintaining posture Maintaining posture Maintaining posture Monitor your breath Hands down Swing your arms forward backward Knee to chest On the right, left alternately The arms are bent at the elbows Hands to the sides at shoulder level From a high start Do not throw your head back too much Hands are straightened at the elbows Full range of motion Full range of motion Full range of motion Full range of motion Full range of motion Keep your knees straight Jump as high as possible |
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| Main part: | |||
| Improving the technique of receiving and passing the ball in football. 1) Explanation. 2) Show. 3) Practicing training: a) passing the ball with the outside of the foot. b) passing the ball with the inside of the foot. c) passing the ball by lifting the foot. d) stopping the ball Conducting relay races with elements of dribbling, receiving and passing the ball in football. Dribble relay Relay with dribbling and passing the ball. Relay with the ball hitting the target. Carrying balls. Jumping with the ball clamped by the hips. An educational game of mini-football according to simplified rules with the consolidation of the learned techniques of dribbling, receiving, stopping and hitting the ball on goal. | 2.5 minutes 2.5 minutes 2.5 minutes 2.5 minutes | Teacher By a trained student Performed in opposite columns Toe turned inward The toe is turned outward The leg is not tense during the reception, tracking the ball in motion Compliance with ball handling techniques Two balls in hand Hands free Compliance with the basic rules of the game of football. |
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| Final part: | |||
| 1. Building, summarizing the lesson, setting and commenting on the assessment, mark the best, point out mistakes. 2. D / Z. Repeat the technique of receiving and passing the ball in football. Cross -10 min. | If there is no ball, simulate no ball. Running at a steady pace. |
The lesson was conducted by a physical education teacher: I.S. Savchenko.
Introspection.
Lesson topic: : Football. Stopping and passing the ball.
The purpose of the lesson: Teach soccer ball handling techniques.
Lesson Objectives: Training : Improving the technique of stopping and passing the ball
Developing: develop motor qualities - dexterity, speed of movement, speed-power; development of special endurance through play training.
Educational: to educate moral and volitional qualities - courage, honesty, collectivism, responsibility.
The lesson was held in the 6th grade, the payroll of the class was 7 people, all the students were present at the lesson.
The summary of the lesson corresponds to the work plan and the requirements of this age.
The main objective of the lesson is to improve the technical elements of the game of football. From an organizational point of view, the lesson was held at the optimal level, while setting the tasks of the lesson, knowledge was updated in the form of a frontal conversation.
(Students were asked questions of a problematic orientation).
The structure of the lesson corresponded to the classical one. The warm-up included exercises that contribute to the high-quality performance of the technical elements of the game of football and exclude the possibility of injuries in the classroom.
To maximize the elimination of "downtime" of students in the lesson, I used frontal, flow, group methods and their combination, which contributed to a higher density of the lesson.
In order to solve the educational and developmental tasks of the lesson, exactly those exercises were selected, the implementation of which helps to avoid mistakes when passing the ball on the spot and in motion.
In addition to practicing technical skills, the physical qualities of schoolchildren were developed in parallel: speed, dexterity, coordination of movements.
I gave a lesson with students whose physical fitness level I know. Therefore, in order to preserve health, I have provided for the optimal alternation of physical activity and rest.
I believe that the lesson has achieved the set goals.
Balls are stopped with feet, body and head.
To stop a rolling or low-flying ball with the inside of the foot, the player extends his leg forward towards the ball. As soon as the inner side of the foot touches the ball, the player with a soft yielding movement takes the leg back and the ball, having lost speed, stops (fig. 1).
The yielding movement is characteristic of almost all ball stopping techniques. No matter what the player stops the ball - with his foot, body, head, first his movement is directed forward, towards the ball, and then, as soon as contact with the ball occurs, in the opposite direction. This is yielding motion: it is slower than the flight of the ball, but directed in the same direction. Therefore, amortization occurs: the impact of the ball, which has met yielding resistance, softens, and the ball, losing its speed, stops.
Stopping the ball falling from above with the inside of the foot, the player stands right or left side forward. The leg with which he will stop the ball. takes it back a little, turning it with the inside of the foot towards the ball. At the moment when the ball lands, the player lifts his leg slightly above the ball or, conversely, covers it from above, pressing it to the ground (Fig. 2).
The ball can be stopped with the sole. Before stopping a rolling or falling ball, the player turns his toe up towards the ball and lifts it slightly off the ground. At the moment when the foot touches the ball, the player presses the ball to the ground with his sole with a soft motion (fig. 3).
You can also stop the ball with the outside of your foot. Taking the ball falling from above on the hip or on the toe, the player turns in the desired direction on the supporting leg.
The ball flying at waist level is stopped with the raised and outstretched leg - the inside or outside of the foot. When the foot touches the ball, the player takes it back and the ball, losing speed, falls to the ground.
To stop the ball flying strongly towards the chest, the player steps forward with his chest out. As soon as the ball touches the chest, the player quickly pulls the torso back, transferring the body weight to the back standing leg. At the same time, the player draws in his chest, pushing his shoulders forward. Touching the chest and loss: speed, the ball goes down to the feet of the football player.
To stop the ball from dropping from above, the player flexes slightly in the lower back, pushes his chest forward and up towards the ball, and then makes a yielding movement. After touching the chest, the ball rises slightly and then drops to the player's feet (fig. 4).
A ball flying strongly towards you can be stopped with your head. To do this, the player takes a step forward, puts his head and torso as much as possible towards the ball, transfers his body weight to the leg in front. At the moment when the ball touches the frontal part of the head, the player quickly pulls the torso and head back, transferring the body weight to the standing leg behind. After touching the head and losing speed, the ball falls to the feet of the football player (Fig. 5).
Stopping the falling ball with his head, the player rises on his toes and stretches up towards the ball. As soon as the ball touches the head, the player quickly crouches down and pulls his head into the shoulders. This reduces the speed of the ball, and it slowly rolls towards your feet.
By stopping the ball in one way or another, the player can make it so that the ball remains at his feet, or give the ball the direction necessary for further action.
In each case, the implementation of this technique will depend on the task facing the player and on the situation around him at the moment the ball stops.
If there are opponents near the player and it is necessary to wait for time for the partners to catch up, he tries to stop the ball so that it does not bounce, but remains at his feet. Otherwise, the opponent may take possession of the ball.
When no one interferes with the player or he needs to quickly get away from the attacking opponent, he, stopping the ball, simultaneously sends it in a certain direction.
Since the ball moves all the time during play, players must be able to stop it to gain control of it. And to do it in such a way as to create comfortable conditions for other actions, for example, to strike or dribble. You can stop the ball with your foot, head and torso. The purpose of the stop is to extinguish the speed of the rolling or flying ball for further expedient action. The term "stopping the ball" should be understood as the sometimes used names "handling the ball", "receiving the ball". Therefore, considering the ways of stopping the ball, we will keep in mind that the football player does not completely stop the ball, but adjusts (transfers) it to perform subsequent actions. Stops are performed with the leg, trunk, and head. Their classification is shown in Fig. 1.
Figure:
Stopping the ball with your foot - the most commonly used technique. It is performed in different ways, the basic phases of movement are common to different ways.
The preparatory phase is the acceptance of the starting position. It is characterized by a single support posture. Body weight on the supporting leg, which is slightly bent for stability. The stopping foot is sent towards the ball and is deployed towards it with the stopping surface.
The working phase is a yielding (shock-absorbing) movement of the stopping leg, which is somewhat relaxed. The cushioning distance depends on the speed of the ball. If the speed is low, then the stop is carried out with a relaxed leg without yielding movement.
At the moment of contact between the ball and the stopping surface (or somewhat earlier), backward movement begins, which gradually slows down, the speed of the ball is extinguished.
The final phase is the acceptance of a starting position for subsequent actions. The GTC is transferred to the side of the stopping leg and the ball. After stopping, mainly strikes (passes) or movements with the ball (dribbling) are performed.
It is used when receiving rolling and flying balls. Due to the large stopping surface and long cushioning distance, this method of stopping the ball has a high degree of reliability.
To stop the rolling ball, the starting position is facing the ball (fig. 2). Body weight on the supporting leg, which is slightly bent. The stopping leg is extended forward - towards the ball. The foot is turned outward by 90 °. The toe is slightly raised.
At the moment of contact between the ball and the foot, or a little earlier, the leg is pulled back to the level of the supporting leg. The stopping surface is in the middle of the inner surface of the foot.
Movement when stopping low flying balls, i.e. balls flying at the level of the knee joint do not differ significantly from the movements when a rolling ball is stopped. In the preparatory phase, the stopping leg bends more at the knee joint and rises to the level of the ball.
Figure:
Highly flying balls stop in a jump (Fig. 2). With a push of one or two legs, an upward jump is performed. The stopping leg is strongly bent at the hip and knee joints. The foot turns outward. After stopping, landing occurs on one leg.
Figure:
Used to stop rolling and falling balls. When the rolling balls stop, the starting position is facing the ball, body weight on the supporting leg. When the ball approaches, the stopping leg, slightly bent at the knee joint, is extended towards the ball. The toe of the foot is raised upwards by 30-40 °. The heel of the foot is 5-10 cm above the surface.
At the moment the ball touches the sole, a small yielding backward movement is performed (fig. 3).
To stop the falling ball with the sole, it is necessary to accurately calculate the place of its landing. The stopping leg, slightly bent at the knee joint, is positioned above the ball landing, with the toe raised and the leg relaxed.
The stop is made at the moment the ball touches the ground, In this case, the sole of the foot covers the ball, but does not press down on the ground.
Figure:
Widespread in recent years, it requires precise control of the motion system. Since the stopping surface, those. the instep of the foot is firm enough and small in size, then a slight deviation in the structure of movement or inaccurate calculation of the trajectory and speed of the ball lead to significant errors in stopping.
When stopping balls dropping with a high trajectory, the stopping foot is parallel to the ground. The ball is taken to the bottom of the lift (closer to the toes). The yielding movement is made down and back (Fig. 5).
Figure:
Stopping the ball with the hip often used in modern football. This is explained by the fact that the hip can stop the balls falling with different trajectories. In addition, the method is very reliable, since the stopping surface is large and the cushioning distance is significant.
In the preparatory phase, the thigh is brought forward. The angle of his flexion depends on the trajectory of the ball, the hip should be at right angles to the falling ball. The ball touches the middle of the thigh. The yielding movement is performed downward - backward.
Ball stops with transfer
In modern football, stops without translation are used less and less, as they slow down the pace of the game and have to perform additional actions in order to effectively use the game situation. Modern football is characterized by the fact that before the ball is received (stopped), footballers must decide on further actions. Stops with transfer just allow not only to extinguish the speed of a rolling or flying ball, but also to purposefully change its direction, to prepare for further actions. Translations are mainly performed to the side (right, left) or back (behind the back).
In this way, the ball is mainly transferred to the side or behind the back. The starting position is half-turned to the falling ball (fig. 6). The stopping leg closest to the ball, slightly bent at the knee joint, is retracted to the side towards the ball. As the ball approaches, the foot follows it. It is necessary to “reach” the ball at the moment of rebound and cover it with your foot. When the ball touches a relaxed foot, its speed decreases significantly. The stopping leg continues to follow the ball, the body turns towards the ball.
Figure:
Starting position - facing the falling ball (fig. 7). The stopping leg is extended forward. The foot expands outward. Pose identical to the position when the ball was stopped with the inside of the foot. In this case, the ball is passed and the movement of the leg back behind the ball is made in such a way as to cover it with the outer part of the rise at the moment of rebound. The body turns around the toe of the supporting leg in the direction of the further movement of the ball, the speed of which has significantly decreased.
Figure:
Stop execution is based on the same principles of cushioning and yielding motion. Stopping the ball with the chest is characterized by a three-phase structure of movement.
In the preparatory phase, an appropriate position for stopping is adopted: the player is positioned facing the ball; leg stand apart or at a small step width (50-70 cm); the chest is pulled forward, the arms are slightly bent at the elbow joint, lowered down. The working phase is characterized by yielding movement. As the ball approaches, the torso is pulled back, the shoulders and arms are moved forward. In the final phase, the GCT is shifted towards the intended actions with the ball.
In this way, it is possible to stop balls flying at chest level and descending with different trajectories. The basic mechanism of action when stopping balls flying with different trajectories is the same. The differences are only in the details.
When stopping the balls flying at chest level, the player is in a straight stance, the legs are most often in the position of a small step (this position allows you to perform a larger amortization path. When performing a yielding movement, the body weight is transferred to the back standing leg), body weight on the forward standing leg (fig. 8).
When the falling balls stop, the torso is deflected back. The angle of inclination depends on the trajectory of the ball (the chest should be at right angles to the falling ball). Since the amortization distance is small when stopping by the chest, an accurate calculation of the speed and trajectory of the ball and the timely execution of a yielding movement are necessary.
Figure:
Consider the features of the transfer of the ball back. When transferring the ball with the right (left) part of the chest (Fig. 9), the yielding movement is performed by turning the body to the right or left, respectively. The stopping part falls on the pectoral muscles, which are relaxed. Turning 180є, the player controls the ball, the speed of which is noticeably damped. Likewise, transfers are made to the side (right or left). Less yielding movement (40-60є turn) allows not only stopping the ball, but also changing its trajectory. Highly flying balls stop with their chest in a jump.
Figure:
This technique is rarely used in the game, as it is difficult to perform and less reliable compared to other techniques and methods. The stopping part falls mainly in the middle of the forehead. Due to the hardness of the frontal bones, amortization occurs only due to inferior movement, which reduces the reliability of reception. However, despite the difficulties, it is imperative to master the head stops.
The middle part of the forehead can stop balls flying at head level and descending with a different trajectory. In the first case, the player is facing the ball in a short stride position. Body weight on the front leg. The torso and head are bent forward, approximately to the level of the supporting leg. As the ball approaches, the torso and head are retracted. Body weight is transferred to the back standing leg.
To stop the falling balls, the starting position is a straight stand on toes, feet apart, shoulder-width apart or in a small step (Fig. 10). The head is tilted back, the frontal part is directed towards the ball. The yielding movement is performed by bending the legs and pulling the head into the shoulders.
Figure:
Thus, the classification of the technique and methodology for stopping the ball is based on the basic techniques of playing football.
Since the ball moves all the time during the game, in order to master it, children in football must be able to stop it. And in a sports school, they should be taught to create comfortable conditions for other actions, for example, for striking or dribbling. The purpose of the stop is to extinguish the speed of the rolling or flying ball for further action. Sometimes stopping the ball means both handling and receiving. The football player does not completely stop the ball, but adjusts (transfers) it for subsequent actions. You can stop the ball with your foot, head and torso. This article will focus on ways to stop the ball with your foot. This is the most commonly used and taught technique in football sections. The main phases of its implementation:
- Preparatory phase. The child takes the starting position. Body weight on the supporting leg, which is slightly bent for stability. The stopping foot is sent towards the ball and turns towards it with the stopping surface.
- Working phase. Yielding (shock-absorbing) movement of the stopping leg, which is somewhat relaxed. It depends on the speed of the ball. If the speed is low, then the stop is carried out with a relaxed leg without yielding movement. At the moment of contact between the ball and the stopping surface (or somewhat earlier), backward movement begins, which gradually slows down, the speed of the ball is extinguished.
- The final phase. The young footballer takes the starting position for subsequent actions. The center of gravity is shifted towards the stopping foot and the ball. After stopping, mainly strikes (passes) or movements with the ball (dribbling) are performed.
- Stopping the ball with the inside of the foot. It is used in sports sections for training the reception of rolling and flying balls. Due to the large stopping surface and the large cushioning distance, this method has a high degree of reliability.
To stop a rolling ball, a child must:
- stand facing the ball;
- body weight on the supporting leg, which is slightly bent;
- brings the stopping leg forward - towards the ball, while the foot is turned outward by 90 ° and the toe is slightly raised;
- at the moment of contact of the ball and foot or slightly earlier, the leg is pulled back to the level of the supporting leg. The stopping surface is in the middle of the inner surface of the foot.
Movement when stopping low flying balls, i.e. balls flying at the level of the knee joint do not differ significantly from the movements when a rolling ball is stopped. In the preparatory phase, the stopping leg bends more at the knee joint and rises to the level of the ball. But high flying balls stop in a jump. With a push of one or two legs, an upward jump is performed. The stopping leg is strongly bent at the hip and knee joints. The foot turns outward. After stopping, landing occurs on one leg.
- Stopping the ball with the sole. Used to stop rolling and falling balls.
When the player stops rolling balls:
- stands facing the ball, body weight on the supporting leg;
- when the ball approaches, its stopping leg, slightly bent at the knee joint;
- is carried out towards the ball. The toe of the foot is raised upwards by 30-40 °. The heel of the foot is 5-10 cm above the surface.
- at the moment of contact of the ball with the sole, a small backward movement is performed.
To stop the falling ball with the sole, you must:
- accurately calculate the place of its landing;
- bend the stopping leg at the knee joint;
- place it over the place where the ball lands, with the toe raised and the leg relaxed;
- make a stop at the moment the ball touches the ground. In this case, the ball is covered, but not pressed to the ground.
- Stopping the ball with a lift. It has gained widespread training in football sections in recent years and requires precise control of the movement system. Since the stopping surface is quite solid and the child's size is small, a slight deviation in the structure of movement or an inaccurate calculation of the trajectory and speed of the ball lead to significant stopping errors.
When stopping balls falling with a high trajectory, the young footballer must:
- place the foot of the stopping leg parallel to the ground;
- take the ball to the lower part of the rise (closer to the fingers);
- yielding movement to produce down and back.
- Stopping the ball with the hip. If a child in a football school masters this technique, then he will often apply it. This is explained by the fact that the hip can stop the balls falling with different trajectories. In addition, the method is very reliable, since the stopping surface is large and the cushioning distance is significant.
- the thigh is brought forward. The angle of its flexion depends on the trajectory of the ball, the hip should be at right angles to the falling ball;
- the ball is in contact with the middle of the thigh;
- yielding movement is performed down - back.
- Ball stops with transfer. In modern football, stops without translation are used less and less, as they slow down the pace of the game and have to perform additional actions in order to effectively use the game situation. The result of a child's education in the football section is characterized by the fact that even before receiving (stopping) the ball, he must be able to decide on further actions. Stops with transfer allow not only to extinguish the speed of a rolling or flying ball, but also to purposefully change its direction, prepare for further actions. Translations are mainly performed to the side (right, left) or back (behind the back).
- The transfer of the ball with the inside of the instep. In this way, the ball is mainly transferred to the side or behind the back.
- the player becomes half-turned towards the falling ball;
- the stopping leg closest to the ball, slightly bent at the knee joint, is retracted to the side towards the ball;
- when the ball approaches, the leg follows it. It is necessary to “reach” the ball at the moment of rebound and cover it with your foot. When the ball touches a relaxed foot, its speed decreases significantly,
- the stopping leg continues to follow the ball;
- the torso turns towards the ball. - Transferring the ball with the outside of the instep.
- starting position - facing the falling ball;
- the stopping leg is brought forward;
- the foot unfolds outward. Pose identical to the position when the ball was stopped with the inside of the foot.
- the ball is passed and the movement of the leg back behind the ball is made in such a way as to cover it with the outer part of the rise at the moment of rebound;
- the body turns around the toe of the supporting leg in the direction of further movement of the ball, the speed of which has significantly decreased.
The cheek stop is very convenient: the kicking leg is ready to direct the ball further without delay. This is why this method of stopping is most often used in the game. The cheek stop is performed as follows. The supporting leg slightly bent at the knee is put forward. Her toe “shows” the direction of the oncoming ball. The weight of the body is also transferred to the supporting leg. The stopping leg is bent at the knee. Her foot turns strongly outward and forms a right angle with the foot of the supporting leg. When the ball approaches, the stopping leg moves towards it, and when it touches the ball, it is slightly pulled back. In this case, the ball remains motionless at the feet of the player.
Exercises:
1. "Hit and stop." From 5 steps direct the ball with its “cheek” into the wall, and stop the bouncing ball. Make 20 stops with your right and left foot.
2. "Stop and Pass." Stand with a friend 6 steps apart. Practice cheek punch and stop together in the same way. Increase the distance from each other gradually.
3. "Transfer to the center". The players form a circle with a diameter of 12-15 steps. One of the participants stands in the center of the circle. His task is to alternately pass the ball to the players in a circle. Those, having received the ball, stop it and again send it to the center player.
4. "From circle to circle." Participants are divided into two teams with an equal number of players. Teams are placed 12 steps from one another, and the players stand in a column one by one. A circle with a diameter of 2 m is drawn in front of each team. The first team number, who starts the game, sends the ball with the bottom of the “cheek” to the opposite circle, and takes a place at the end of his column. The first number of the opposing team stops the ball with its “cheek” in a circle and in the same way directs it to the opposite circle, while he himself stands at the end of his column, etc. The game ends when each player makes three dashes. For each inaccurate pass (the ball went over or above the circle) or bad stop (the ball went out of the circle), a team is awarded 1 penalty point. The team with the fewest penalty points wins.
5. "Pass with the cheek." Stand with your partner on the same line, 8-10 m apart. Moving forward at a medium pace, pass the ball to each other on the move with blows "cheek". When receiving the ball from your partner, stop it in the same way.
