The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used as a portable device for monitoring the operation of various electrical installations during commissioning, installation and maintenance work in various areas of the national economy. The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality and improve the reliability of the device. For this, the universal probe contains a voltage presence control unit, a resistance indication circuit, including resistors, transistors, light-emitting elements, and a zener diode. The novelty in the device is that a current amplifier is included in the resistance indication circuit, made on the first and second transistors according to the emitter follower scheme, and a voltage presence control circuit is connected to the base of the first transistor and between the base of the first transistor 4 and the collectors of the first and second transistors 4, 5 a zener diode is connected 8. A light-emitting element is connected to the emitter circuit of the second transistor, in series to which a power source is connected direct current, the second terminal of which is connected to the collector of the second transistor. The connection of the detachable probe with the punch circuit is carried out by means of a threaded connection. 1 wp f-ly, 1 dwg
The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used as a portable device for monitoring the operation of various electrical installations during commissioning, installation and maintenance work in various areas of the national economy. Known universal probe PU-82. The probe consists of three main units: an input amplifier, a voltage controlled oscillator, and a voltage indication readout. The disadvantage of the device is its complexity in manufacturing and repair, low functionality, the use of expensive components, namely three microcircuits. Known probe type UP-71. The probe circuit consists of the following main elements: DC amplifiers, assembled on transistors, an amplitude limiter with a rectifier and a filter consisting of diodes, zener diodes and a capacitor, limiting input resistance, additional resistance, indicator lamps. The disadvantage of the device is low functionality, since the device does not indicate the presence of voltage in electrical circuits that are known to be energized, and serves only to determine the integrity of the electrical circuit. The device is uneconomical, since expensive components were used in its manufacture. In addition, the integrity of the electrical circuit is broken inside the device as a result of touching the sliding contacts of the probe, which is installed in the operating position. The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality and improve the reliability of the device. To do this, in a universal probe containing a voltage control circuit, a resistance indication circuit that includes resistors, transistors, light-emitting elements, a zener diode, a current amplifier is included in the resistance indication circuit, made on the first and second transistors, according to the emitter follower circuit, and to the base of the first of the transistor, a voltage presence control circuit is connected and a zener diode is connected between the base of the first transistor and the collectors of the first and second transistors, and a light-emitting element is connected to the emitter circuit of the second transistor, in series to which a DC power supply is connected, the second output of which is connected to the collector of the second transistor. In addition, the pluggable probe connects to the probe circuit through a threaded connection. The emitter follower is widely known, for example, in radio engineering devices as a buffer or matching stage between circuits with high output impedance and circuits with high input capacitance and low input impedance. In this case, the use of an emitter follower with a load in the emitter circuit in the form of a light-emitting element (LED) makes it possible to increase the sensitivity of the circuit, and this expands the range of values \u200b\u200bmonitored by the probe. The proposed circuit of the device is reliably protected from breakdown in case of accidental voltage contact, since the collector-emitter junction is at the same potential as a result of connecting the DC power supply in series to the light-emitting element in the emitter circuit of the second transistor, and the second terminal of the power supply is connected to the collector second transistor. The execution of a split probe with a threaded end ensures reliable uninterrupted operation of the device as a result of eliminating the violation of the integrity of the electrical circuit of the device when the probe is installed in the operating position. Comparative analysis of the proposed solution with the prototype showed that the proposed solution is distinguished by the use of an emitter follower resistance indication circuit with a load in the emitter circuit in the form of a light-emitting element. This allows us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the "novelty" criterion. Comparative analysis of the proposed solution with other known solutions in this area did not allow identifying devices with a similar set of features. This allows us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the criteria of the invention "significant differences". The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the device. The device contains a voltage control circuit, which consists of light-emitting elements 1 and 2, connected in parallel-oppositely, a resistor 3. As light-emitting elements 1 and 2, LEDs of the AL 307VM type, respectively, of green and red light are used. The circuit for indicating the resistance of the monitored circuit includes a current amplifier assembled according to the system of a two-stage emitter follower, namely transistors 4, 5 (for example, based on MP-25 triodes), with a load in the emitter circuit of transistor 5 in the form of a light-emitting element 6. As light-emitting element 6 used LED AL 307VM yellow. Resistor 7 and zener diode 8 (type D814A) protect the input of the current amplifier from unacceptable voltage levels. The circuit of the device contains a traditional probe, including a clip 9 of the "crocodile" type, connected by a flexible wire 10 with a circuit, an incandescent lamp 11 (2.5 V), a DC power supply 12 (for example, two A332 cells), a detachable probe 13. For communication with the electronic circuit of the device, there is a clamp with threaded elements 14, as well as a microswitch 15 (for example, MP 210203) with normally closed 16 and normally open 17 contacts. The detachable probe 13 is threaded at the end. Due to this, the probe 13 is screwed into the threaded elements 14 of the clamp, making a reliable contact. The circuit of the universal probe is assembled on an insulating board placed in a detachable plastic case (not shown in the drawing) to protect it from mechanical damage. The device works as follows. First, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the circuit, its readiness for operation. To do this, screw the probe 13 into the threaded elements 14 of the clamp to failure. In this case, the leakage current of the amplifier, which includes transistors 4, 5 (IY \u003d l Y4 x K 4 x K 5, where K 4 and K 5 are the amplification factors of the first and second stages), gives the yellow threshold emission of the light-emitting element 6. The device is working properly and ready to go. When checking the resistors, one terminal of the resistor is connected to terminal 9, and the other to the probe 13. In this case, through the resistor 7, the negative potential of the power supply 12 is fed to the base of the transistor 4, which opens the base-emitter junction, and the potential goes to the base of the transistor 5. It flows base current l B4 along the "minus" circuit of the power supply 12 - probe 13 - resistor 7 - base of transistor 4, base of transistor 5 - light-emitting element 6 - normally closed contact 16 of microswitch 15 - "plus" of power supply 12. The base current l B4 opens the collector-emitter junction of the transistor 4, and the current l B4 x K 4 flows through the "minus" circuit of the power supply 12 - probe 13 - collector-emitter junction of the transistor 4 - base-emitter of the transistor 5 - light-emitting element 6 - normal closed contact 16 of microswitch 15 - "plus" power supply 12. The current of the first stage l B4 x K 4 opens the collector-emitter junction of the transistor 5, and the flowing current l B4 x K 4 x K 5 along the "minus" circuit of the power supply 12 - probe 13 - collector-emitter junction of the transistor 5 - LED 6 - normal the closed contact 16 of the plus microswitch 15 of the power supply 12 causes the light emitting element 6 to emit yellow light. The brightness of the radiation determines the serviceability of the controlled resistor. If there is no jump in the brightness of the radiation, then there is either a break in the resistor, or it is more than 5 MΩ. In comparison with the brightness of the radiation, which is similar in magnitude to a known good resistance, one can judge the magnitude of the resistance. In the same way, the serviceability of the capacitors is checked, and, judging by the time and amount of charge or discharge, the value of their capacitance in comparison with the brightness of the radiation when checking a knowingly serviceable capacitor known from the value of the capacitance. So, if the yellow light emitting element 6 emits threshold light, the capacitor has an open circuit, if the element 6 constantly emits maximum light, the capacitor is broken. Similarly, the insulation of the windings of electric motors in relation to its body is checked. If a jump in the radiation stage of the light-emitting element 6 is noticed, then the electric motor winding is wet, less than 0.5 MΩ, and the motor must be dried, if not, voltage can be applied. When checking for the presence of a voltage over 6V, the zener diode 8 is activated, bypassing the input of the transistor 4. The voltage is supplied to the light-emitting elements 1 and 2 through the resistor 3. When an alternating voltage is applied, both light-emitting elements 1 and 2 emit green and red light. When a constant voltage is applied, if a negative potential is found on the probe 13, the light-emitting element 1 emits green light, the element 2 is locked. If a positive potential is found on the probe, the light emitting element 2 emits red light and the element 1 is locked. To check the electrical circuits for continuity, terminal 9 is connected to one end of the circuit. Without pressing the microswitch, find the second end of the circuit according to the maximum brightness of the light-emitting element 6. Press the microswitch 15, closing contact 17. This turns on the circuit of the traditional probe. If lamp 11 is brightly lit, then the resistance is less than 10 ohms and the circuit is intact, i.e. the second end of the chain is found correctly. Thus, the universal probe allows you to expand the field of application compared to existing ones. The technical and economic efficiency of the invention consists in increasing the efficiency and reducing the cost of the device by simplifying the design, eliminating the use of expensive components containing precious metals. The device is easy to operate.
Are there devices and devices with which to search for hidden wiring and diagnose it? Of course, there are both domestic and imported ones. Let's consider some of them. With the help of domestic phase indicator EI-5001by contact, you can determine the phase wire, and using portable pointer UNP-1-750find out if the wire is live.
Phase indicator EI-5001
Designed to determine the order of phase rotation in three-phase AC circuits in the frequency range from 40 to 1000 Hz.
Voltage range from 50 to 600 V.
Duration of switching on is not more than 3 s with intervals between switching on not less than 30 s.
Dimensions:65x65x45 mm.
Weight:0.19 kg.
Portable voltage indicator UNP-1-750
Designed to check the presence (or absence) of voltage between non-insulated live parts, as well as between them and grounded parts in AC and DC circuits with a rated voltage of 75 to 750 V.
AC voltage range ..... 75 ... 750 V, 50 Hz;
DC voltage range ..... 90 ... 750 V;
The duration of the working cycle .............. no more than 10 s;
Operating temperature range ............. from -45 ° C to +45 "C.
Universal probe PU-82
The device will help determine the presence of an open circuit in the network and whether it is energized by contact.
Portable high voltage indicator UVNP-1 -10000
Designed to test the presence of voltage in high-voltage AC installations of industrial frequency with voltage from 2 to 10 kV. Together fromwith additional resistance, the indicator can be used for phasing air lines, cables and transformers. The principle of operation of the indicator is based on the glow of the indicator when a capacitive current flows.
Specifications:
AC voltage range 2 ... 10 kV;
Mode of operation ..................................... intermittent;
Duration of the working cycle ........ no more than 10 s;
Operating temperature range ........ from -45 ° С to + 45 ° С.
Probe (screwdriver indicator)MS-18
Designed for professional use in electrical and electronics, and it is also necessary in everyday life. The device is made using space technology from high-strength, reliable and safe plastic. The device should be used at temperatures from -10 ° C to + 50 ° C and frequency from 50 to 500 Hz.
Specifications:
Determination of alternating voltage by contact method 70. ..250 V;
Determination of alternating voltage in a non-contact way 70 ... 600 V;
Polarity detection ................................................ ......... 1.5 ... 36 V;
Continuity check ............................................... . 0 ... 5 MΩ;
Determination of microwave radiation ................................. from 5 mW / cm.
ProbeMS-48 M
Designed to check for AC voltage presence, phase-out wire / socket and break point in AC wires, high voltage points and hidden wiring. Checking is carried out by contact and non-contact methods. Applicable at home.
Specifications:
Determination of alternating voltage by contact method 70 ... 250 V;
Determination of alternating voltage in a non-contact way 70 ... 10000V;
Determination of constant voltage .................................... up to 250 V;
Polarity detection ................................................ ......... 1.2 ... 36 V;
Continuity check:
"O" from 0 to 5 MΩ, "L" from 0 to 50 MΩ, "L" from 0 to 100 MΩ;
Determination of microwave radiation ................................. from 5 mW / cm 2.
Resonant apparatus RA-2M(Fig. 4.77) is intended for burning defective insulation to small cross-sections of transient resistances at the defect site in cable lines with voltages of 1, 3, 6, 10, 20 and 35 kV up to 6 km long. The apparatus consists of primary coils 1 , secondary winding 2, core 3, casing 5, laboratory clamps 4.
The principle of operation of the device is based on a resonant process that occurs in its secondary circuit due to the cable capacitance and the inductance of the winding.
The device is used when performing electrical work and to determine the locations of damage using the acoustic method.
Supply voltage
network, V .................... 220
Supply current frequency, Hz ...................... 50
Consumption current, A 10-200
Open circuit voltage
stroke, kV ................... 1.5; 2.5; 3.1; 5
Current in the mode of burning through the primary winding, A ................................ 50-75
Primary connection
winding .............................. Parallel-Sequential
pleasant
Burning current during
secondary winding, A:
in the whole winding 1.4 0.6
on the tap ... 3.5 1.8
No-load voltage, kV:
on the whole winding 5.0 2.5
on the tap .... 3.1 1.4
Resonance current, A:
in the primary winding 160-200 50-70 in the secondary winding ......................... 8-10 4-6
Voltage in mode
resonance, kV:
on the whole winding 23-26 16-19 on the tap ... 4-6 2-3
Re-mode
inclusions,%:
in voltage resonance mode 0.3 1.5 in burning mode 9.0 100 Permissible operating time, min:
in resonance mode 1.5 5.0
in burn mode 20 long
Dimensions,
mm ......................................... 370X340X680
Weight, kg .............................. 80
OKP code 48 3453 6901.
Universal probe
PU-82(Fig. 4.78) is designed to control the integrity of the circuits of primary and secondary switching of electrical installations with a complete removal of voltage and indication of the presence of voltage in case of accidental contact with live parts that are energized up to 460 V DC or 380 V AC with a frequency of up to 400 Hz. The probe can be used in various sectors of the national economy for commissioning and electrical installation work at industrial enterprises, as well as for testing semiconductor products (diodes, transistors).
The PU-82 includes the following units:
input amplifier 1 , which forms such a characteristic of the output signal, which makes it possible to indicate the resistance of the monitored circuit in three subranges; generator 2, generating a sequence of pulses, the frequency of which depends on the resistance of the controlled circuit in the II sub-band;
display unit 3 the presence of voltage above 10 V in the controlled circuit;
protective chain 4, limiting currents and voltages on circuit elements and power supply;
power supply 5, input probes 6.
The probe can be used both indoors and outdoors at an air temperature of 1-40 ° C and relative humidity 80%.
Technical data
Resistance indication range of controlled
chains, Ohm ..................................... 0-sy
Including:
first sub-band (diode emits continuously) 0-10
the second sub-range (the diode emits in a pulsed mode) .... 10-8000
third subrange (diode does not emit) .... 8000-00
Maximum permissible display error
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resistance of the controlled circuit in the second subrange, Ohm:
bottom line. ... ... 10 ± 10
upper bound. ... ... 8000 ± 2000
Maximum allowable voltage between the probe and the probe plug, V 380, 460
The minimum voltage between the probe and the plug, indicated by the probe,
IN................................................. ..................... ten
Insulation resistance of input circuits relative to the case, MOhm ... 10 Supply voltage, V 4.5 Overall dimensions, mm 150X70X40 Weight, kg ........................ ................. 0.3
The probe uses modern electronics, as well as design and circuit solutions that ensure high reliability of the device.
Intercom PU-71serves for communication via wires or free conductors of a cable during installation or commissioning, made on the basis of a telephone-microphone headset TMG-1.
The main element of the PU-71 is a two-stage single-ended low frequency resistor amplifier. The device provides the ability to control the volume, there is protection in case of accidental connection to live parts that are energized.
Technical data
Supply voltage (battery 3336LU, GOST 2583-83), V ...................................... ... 4.4
Output power at a frequency of 1000 Hz, mW .......................................... .. 3
Consumption current at a supply voltage of at least 4.2 V and the absence of a useful signal, mA ... 22
Signal frequency in mode
call, Hz .................................. 1000 + 600
Length of flexible connecting wire with crocodile clip, mm. ... ... 1500
Overall dimensions of the case
amplifier, mm .......................... 140X80X30
Weight with a power source, kg ................................... 0.25
OKP code 48 3457 0801.
TU 36-1531-76.
Pulse generator GI-IDS-2
(Fig. 4.79) is designed for pulsed-arc welding with a consumable electrode of aluminum and its alloys, stainless steels, alloys
titanium in argon in all spatial positions when working together with welded rectifiers or DC generators.
When operating outdoors, precautions must be taken to protect the generator from atmospheric precipitation.
Technical data
Power consumption,
kV-A ............................................... ............. 13.4
Supply voltage, V 380
Number of phases ................................................ ......... 3
Frequency Hz............................................... ..... fifty
The effective value of the secondary voltage of the transformer TR-1, V. .70, 78, 88, 96
Current pulse repetition rate, Hz .............................. 100
Amplitude of current pulses, A 200-1200
Pulse duration,
10-3s ............................................. 1- 2.5
RMS current value of transformer TR-1 (nominal), A:
secondary current. ... ... 250
primary current ... 64
Overall dimensions, mm 564X483X700
Weight, kg ............................................... ......... one hundred
TU 36-1498-71.
Load transformers TONare used for testing with the primary current of the maximum releases of circuit breakers in switchgears with a voltage of 0.4 kV (Table 4.19).
TU 36-2492-82.
Valve VV-0.5 / 180UZdesigned to work in rectifying circuits of mobile and stationary high-voltage rectifiers. The valve is made on the basis of KTs201D rectifier posts.
Table 4.19
Technical data
Allowable reverse voltage (peak value), kV ......................................... ................. 180
Test reverse voltage (peak value), kV ......................................... ....... 200
Maximum permissible rectifier current (average value), mA .................................... 500
Reverse current (average value) at admissible reverse voltage, μA .............................. 100
Service life, h ..................................... 5000
Overall dimensions (lengths
Xdiameter), mm ................................ 570X200
Weight, kg ............................................... ............. 15
OKP code 48 3457 0101.
TU 36-1942-76.
Silicon small valves
VVKM-0.05 / 140, VVKM-0.05 / 180are designed to work in rectification circuits of portable and stationary rectifier units.
The valve is assembled from semiconductor sections. Each section includes a silicon column KTs-105D.
Sound frequency generator GZCH-Mis intended for finding by the induction method the routes of laying and damage to the insulation of power cable lines at a frequency of 1000 Hz.
The generator can be operated either in a pulsed (identification) or continuous mode.
Technical data
Single phase voltage
power supply with a frequency of 50 Hz, V 220
Smooth setting range
frequency, Hz .................................. 800-1200
Frequency change with voltage fluctuations, Hz, no more ........................................ ............... ± 4
Maximum current consumed from the network (effective value), A, no more than 25
Maximum output current when operating on an active-inductive load, A, not less:
at /? \u003d 1 Ohm; L \u003d
0.25 mH ............................... 30
at L \u003d 4.5 Ohm; 1 \u003d 2mH 8.5
Overall dimensions, mm 500X400X170
Weight, kg ......................................... 30
Technical data
VVKM-0.05 / 140 VVKM-0.05 / 180
Permissible reverse voltage (peak value), kV ......................................... .......................................... 140 180
Test reverse voltage (peak value), kV ......................................... .............. 160 200
Maximum permissible rectified current
(average value), mA ............................................ .......... fifty
Reverse current (average value) at permissible reverse voltage, μA ..................................... 10
Service life, h .............................................. ...................... 5000
Overall dimensions (length Xdiameter), mm 360X140 400X140
Weight, kg, no more ............................................ ...................... 8
OKP code ................................................ ................................... 48 3457 0102 48 3457 0103
TU 36-1943-76 TU 36-1944-76
Functional generator GF-1is designed to generate standard signals at the inputs, which can be fed to the inputs of elements and the device of regulation and control systems of electrical appliances in order to remove and adjust characteristics, test modes and other operations in the course of commissioning.
Technical data
Maximum load current at outputs 1 and 2 on all ranges, mA .... 50
The range of regulation of the rate of voltage rise of a special form (intensity generator),
B / s ......................................... 1,5-15
Overall dimensions, mm 300X250X150 Weight, kg ......................................... 6
OKP code 48 3457 0721.
TU 36.18.34.01-05-87.
GKS command signal generator
is designed to generate standard signals that can be fed to the inputs of elements and devices of control and management systems for electric wires in order to remove and adjust characteristics, test modes and other operations in the course of commissioning.
OKP code 48 3457 0712.
TU 36-1956-76.
Knapsack assembly semiautomatic devicePRM-4 with PV-400 attachmentdesigned for welding in installation conditions with a consumable electrode in a shielding gas environment (Fig. 4.80).
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The PV-400 attachment complete with a CT welding transformer and a choke is intended for welding aluminum busbars with rectified current using consumable electrodes in a shielding gas environment at any seam location.
OKP code 48 3452 8103.
Technical data
Semiautomatic device PRM-4
Rated welding
current, A ............................................... .......... 500
Diameter of welding aluminum wire, mm 0.8-2.0
Wire feed speed,
m / h ............................................... ........ 960
Hardware cabinet supply voltage, V ... 220
Control ................................ Manual
Thickness of welded products, mm ........................................ Up to 10
Overall dimensions, mm:
hardware cabinet 204X295X436
knapsack ....................................... 130X282X372
large burner. ... ... 40X162X240
small burner .... 38HP0H225
Weight, kg:
equipment cabinet 20.5
knapsack ...................................... 5,8
large burner with
barbells ............................................... 3, 6
small burner with rods 2.6
PV-400 attachment
Rated welding
current, A ............................................ 370
Set-top box supply voltage, V ....................................... 65
Rectified voltage
current, V ......................................... 63
Overall dimensions, mm:
length with carrier. ... ... 1600
length without carrier. ... ... 540
width ..................................... 425
height ...................................... 550
Attachment weight, kg ... ... ... 76.5
TU 36-1848-75.
Digital measuring device for angles of regulation RS-TsM(Fig. 4.81) is intended for commissioning works on electrical equipment of industrial enterprises.
The device is designed to measure angles in the main circuits and control circuits of valve converters of control units between two pulse input signals or between pulse and sinusoidal signals of the same frequency (45-55 Hz).
Device composition: control clamps /, 6; switches 2, 5 signal source; regulator 3 24 V source output; switch 4 operating mode; jacks 7 for 24 V source output; a pen 8; toggle switch 9 sensitivity settings; connectors 10, 11 for giving input signals; fuse 12; ground bolt 13.
Technical data
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Rated voltage (single-phase) of the supply network with a frequency of 50 Hz, V
Power consumption,
B-A ............................................... ................. ten
Range of measured frequencies, Hz ......................................... 45-55
Measurement range of electric control angles,
hail ................................................. .. O-360
Overall dimensions, mm 310X260X120 Weight, kg ......................................... 5
OKP code 48 3457 0503.
TU 36.18.34.01-08-88.
Thyristor current regulator RT-1designed to regulate the current of the primary winding of the load transformers TON during testing of the maximum releases of AC circuit breakers in power supply networks with voltages up to 1000 V.
In contrast to the previously used autotransformers, a pulse test method with phase regulation of the voltage of load transformers was used.
In order to increase the accuracy, a pulse current meter with a correcting device is used, which provides the determination and digital indication of the equivalent value of the sinusoidal current of the setting of the maximum release.
Technical data
Operating mode ............................. Short-term and long-term
Setting range of current duration in short-term mode, s ... 0.02-0.8
Duration of operation in continuous mode at / ≤40 A, min, not less than 15
Maximum effective value of the regulator current at duty cycle \u003d 2% and a cycle time of 10 min, A ... 400
Current regulation range Imax, Iabout. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5-10
Mains voltage (single-phase, 50 Hz), V 220-380
Overall dimensions, mm 320X260X160 Weight, kg ......................................... 8
Receiver AND PCis intended for finding places of damage by the induction method in power cable lines with operating voltage up to 10 kV inclusive.
The device includes a receiver, grip antenna and headphones.
The device is used in conjunction with an audio frequency generator providing frequencies in the range of 900-1100 Hz to fix the magnetic field of the audio frequency current sent to the generator cable.
Technical data
Rated value of frequency, Hz 1000
Passband at the frequency level 0.7, Hz:
narrow ........................................ 60
wide ................................................ 200
Bandwidth at the frequency level 0.1, Hz, no more than 600 Voltage from galvanic cells of A332 type (GOST 12333-74), V: at the beginning of the service life
element ................................... 2X4,5
at end of life
element ................................ 2X3,3
Duration of continuous operation of IPC, h, not less than 4 Overall dimensions of the receiver, mm 200X70X120
Antenna height, mm .... 250
Handle length, mm ... ... ... 500
Weight (receiver, antennas with a handle and headsets), kg, no more than 4
Are there devices and devices with which to search for hidden wiring and diagnose it? Of course, there are both domestic and imported ones. Let's consider some of them. With the help of the domestic phase indicator EI-5001, it is possible to determine the phase wire by contact, and using the portable indicator UNP-1-750, find out whether the wire is energized.
Phase indicator EI-5001
Designed to determine the order of phase rotation in three-phase AC circuits in the frequency range from 40 to 1000 Hz.
Voltage range from 50 to 600 V.
Duration of switching on is not more than 3 s with intervals between switching on of at least 30 s.
Overall dimensions: 65x65x45 mm.
Weight: 0.19 kg.
Portable voltage indicator UNP-1-750
Designed to check the presence (or absence) of voltage between non-insulated current-Duish parts, as well as between them and grounded parts in AC and DC circuits with rated voltage 75 to 750 V.
Specifications: AC voltage range DC voltage range
Operating mode ..............................
Duration of the working cycle .....
Operating temperature range .... 75-750 V, 50 Hz,
........................ 90—7S0B
intermittent
..................... no more than 10 s
........... from -45 ° C to +45 ° C
Universal probe PU-82
The device will help determine the presence of an open circuit in the network and whether it is energized by contact.
Even many experienced summer residents often confuse a cultivator and a walk-behind tractor, implying that these are the names of the same item.
However, what is the difference between a walk-behind tractor and a cultivator? Both of these types of equipment are used for agricultural work, but they have different purposes:
- A cultivator, as you might guess from the name, its main function involves the cultivation (cultivation) of the land. It is equipped with special milling cutters that perform actions for plowing and loosening the soil.
- A walk-behind tractor is a mechanism, the purpose of which depends on what kind of attachment is installed on it. He himself is a mechanism with an engine that brings this equipment into working condition. Thus, it can serve as a snow blower or a rotary mower.
A walk-behind tractor can with equal success also perform the functions of a cultivator, while the latter has a narrow specialization, which consists only in tillage.
It should also dwell on the technical nuances:
- Motoblocks are heavier than cultivators;
- They are characterized by the presence of a reinforced body, gearbox and handle;
- The walk-behind tractor usually has pneumatic wheels as standard, while the basic configuration of the cultivator does not imply their presence.
The only thing common between walk-behind tractors and cultivators is demand. Both of these types of gardening equipment are in great demand among farmers and gardeners. GardenGear offers cultivators and tillers of exceptional quality from trusted manufacturers at the best prices in this segment.
