Tourist competition for schoolchildren
Tourist competitions, as a rule, are held in schools where there has been a long-term practice of tourist work, a tourist club or circle is actively operating. They are organized in the form of an all-around and serve the purposes of promoting tourism, teaching tourism skills, summing up the results of work for a certain period.
It is best to plan tourist competitions at the end of May, when the results of the school year are summed up, and the weather is favorable. However, some schools have a practice of holding them in the fall - in this case, they are a kind of start of tourist work during the school year.
The venue of the competition must be convenient for the entry and exit of groups, safe to have conditions for organizing most types of competitions. It is also necessary to have water for drinking and household needs, firewood for a fire. It is better when the same glade is used for school competitions from year to year. At the same time, organizational issues such as obtaining permission from local authorities, providing cartographic material, developing routes, delivering and dispatching groups are easier to solve. And since the guys are constantly changing age groups, then you can not be afraid of repeating distances in 2-3 years.
preparation for the competition begins well in advance. A headquarters is created, which includes teachers, representatives from each class who are responsible for preparing the team, members of the Komsomol committee. A detailed plan for the preparation of the competition is being developed, indicating specific events, the timing of the preparation of the competition, indicating specific events, deadlines, responsible. The plan is approved by the director of the school and communicated to all members of the headquarters. The plan reflects the issues of material equipment of both the competitions themselves and the teams of the classes of recruiting the judges' colleague, preparing the venue and distance, organizing classes with the teams of the classes. The judging board is also completed in advance. The members of the headquarters decide which types of competitions can be organized on their own, and to judge which parents or chefs must be invited. As a rule, senior students with experience of hiking and participation in competitions are widely involved in judging.
Regulations on competitions should be developed as early as possible, familiarizing not only teachers, but also children with it. The regulations detail the conditions for holding each type of competition: the actions of teams and participants, the system of penalties, summing up the results. Consultation, practical exercises indoors and on the ground are planned for representatives of teams in each type of competition. The chief judges by type draw up lists of necessary equipment and equipment and hand them over to the chief judge. He brings them together, after which the question is decided where to get the missing equipment. Some of the equipment - pegs and tents for tents, the simplest campfire devices, etc. - can be made by the children themselves in school workshops, depending on the prevailing traditions, the availability of equipment is completed by the composition of the participants. As a rule, these are teams of classes, and it is recommended to limit the minimum number of participants in a team. Depending on the number of classes, they compete in parallel with each other or are combined into groups. It is not necessary to prepare separate routes for each group, you can skip them along the same distance, excluding some stages and summing up the results within each group. It is best to run the competition in two stages. The purpose of the first stage is to prepare children for the final competition. It runs from September 1 to May 1. During this period, the class teams must make a hiking trip with the obligatory task of the developed route and the publication of a wall newspaper based on the results of the trip. The result of the team consists of the number of points received for the developed passport of the route, the issued wall newspaper and the completion of the trip itself. To increase the mass scale, you can give the class 1 point for each participant in the hike, and to increase the parent asset 3 points for each parent who took part in the hike. For a 2-day hike with an overnight stay, the points are doubled. In the regulation, the following condition can be stipulated: the results of two trips are presented to the panel of judges, but one best is accepted for offset.
The result of this type of competition can be a good card index of routes, including a technical description, a diagram, entrance options, recommendations for passing. The program of the first stage can include a number of group consultations on various elements (setting up a tent, lighting a fire with burning a thread, moving in azimuth, providing first aid, topographic preparation, packing a backpack, after which mini-competitions are held.
Classes are organized as follows.
One day, for representatives of all teams (4 people from the class), a consultation on setting up a tent is held: the sequence is shown, attention is drawn to errors, and the opportunity to exercise is given. At the end of the lesson, each team receives tasks: to prepare for the mini-competition in setting the tent at speed, which will take place next week. After consulting on topographic preparation, you can conduct a topographic dictation, exercises to determine the distance on the map. In this way, you can work out many of the elements necessary for a camping trip. The protocol contains the results of all mini-competitions and the places occupied by the class in each of them.
At the first stage, it is possible to hold a training competition in linear orienteering on a marked track (the number of participants is not limited). They are as follows. The participant moves along a marked track, and he has a route thread on the map. Meeting a control point (CP) on his way, the participant must put it on the map: make a puncture with a pin and at the next checkpoint cross it out crosswise with a colored pencil. The offset of the result is based on the time it takes to pass the distance plus a penalty for an error on the checkpoint (1 minute for 1 mm of deviation).
It is very important that a summary protocol of the results of the first stage of the competition was posted at the school, in which the results of each type would be recorded.
The program of the second stage of the competition can include a control combined route, optional orientation, tourist equipment (obstacle course) and testing of tourist skills. It is possible to have time to carry out all these types within one day under the following conditions: KKM is organized in the form of a trip to the place of competition for 2-3 hours .; optional orienteering takes no more than 1.5 hours; the obstacle course is short, technically uncomplicated and dynamic; tourism skills are tested during these three types of competitions.
Control combined route (KKM) is carried out as a tourist trip, during which each team performs various tasks in local history, tourist equipment, topography, orienteering, first aid.
On the route, the team overcomes various obstacles, independently choosing tactics and a method of safe passage. In this case, the team gains points. If the guys are not ready for a stage, they can skip it, having lost the corresponding number of points. A certain time - НВ (normal time) is set for the passage of each stage. If the team overcomes the stage faster, it does not benefit from this, and for exceeding the HB it is given fewer points.
We propose to include the following stages in the cash register:
Prelaunch check(maximum score 20 points). The captain's response from the team's actions in an emergency is up to 4 points. The answer of one of the participants (by lot) about the citizens of the competition areas is up to 4 points. Checking the personal equipment of one of the participants (by lot) - up to 3 points. The presence and composition of a first-aid kit, repair kit, group equipment - up to 3 points for each element. For a missing subject, 1 point is deducted, but no more than 3 points in each list.
Knowledge of the rules of first aid(maximum score - 20 points, control time - 15 minutes). Two representatives from the team receive cards indicating the diagnosis of injury and illness. Using the sets of signs of injuries, diseases and methods of first aid provided in the cards, the team chooses the correct answer (writes down the font). Up to 5 points are given for each answer.
First aid for a conditionally specified injury(maximum score is 10 points). The list of injuries is prepared in advance. Correct performance - 10 points, with errors - 5, incorrect - 0 points.
Transportation of the "victim" (maximum score - 10 points). The team makes means of transportation from scrap materials and transports the "victim". Correct transportation - 5 points, with errors - 2, 5, incorrect - 0 points. The correct manufacture of the means of transportation is assessed in a similar way.
Determining the distance on the map (maximum score - 3 points). The command uses the available tool (ruler or compass), determines the distance between points on the map. With an error of up to 5% - 3 points, up to 10% - 2, up to 15% - 1, more than 15% - 0 points.
Determination of azimuth for three landmarks (maximum score - 9 points). The command uses the compass to determine the azimuth to the specified reference points. With an error of up to 5 degrees - 3 points, up to 10 degrees -2, up to 15 degrees-1, over 15 degrees -0 points.
Bivouac(maximum score -10 points). During the control time (1 hour) the team must put up tents and boil water.
Marked route.The team, moving along the marking, tracks the path of movement on the map and marks the location of the checkpoint with a puncture, and at the next checkpoint crosses out the puncture with a pencil. With an error of up to 2 mm - 6 points, up to 4 mm - 4, up to 6 mm - 0 points. For the performance of the task in the established NV the team receives 10 points.
The designated route. The team moves along the route indicated on the map, passing through the checkpoints, established on the ground, but not indicated on the map. For visiting each checkpoint, 5 points are given, the bonus for NV when visiting all checkpoints is 20 points.
Open route.
The team must cover a route of several kilometers using the map, passing in the bottom order through the checkpoint. Evaluated as a marked route.
Orientation according to the "legend"
(route description). The team moves without a map according to the "legend" indicating the azimuths and distance, passing through the checkpoint if it goes correctly. For visiting each checkpoint -3 points, the bonus for NV when visiting all checkpoints -10 points
Azimuthal course ... Having received the initial data (azimuth and stroke length - up to one km), the team moves to the specified point. When reaching the finish line, the number of the pole is recorded. In case of an error up to 5% of the stroke length -15 points, up to 10% -10, up to 15% -5, with more than 15% -0 points. Bonus for NV (only in case of error up to 10%) -10 points.
Determination of the distance to an inaccessible object.The team determines the distance to an inaccessible object in any way known to it. With an error of up to 5% -6 points, up to 10% -4, up to 15% -2, over 15% -0 points.
Depending on the level of training of the teams, other elements can be included in the KKM - descents and ascents with a rope, a suspended crossing, as well as elements of local history related to the school curriculum: determining vegetation, measuring water flow, etc.
Each team has a record route book, in which the guys make a note about the passage of the stage and the result obtained. The main requirement for the work of judges: the team, leaving the stage, must find out its result. The orienteering stages are completed with any available map, but it is better to use a sports map made for orienteering competitions.
Tourist obstacle course is carried out, as a rule, for the senior age group and consists in the sequential passage of the stages of the strip 300-500 m long by the whole team. For children of younger and middle age groups, it is replaced by a tourist relay race, where a rukzak serves as a relay baton. The result of a team is determined by the time spent on overcoming the obstacle course and the time penalty received for errors in the stages. The team consists of 4-6 people. Walkthrough of the stage is recommended, i.e. the participants are not expecting each other. Where possible, mutual assistance is permitted.
Approximate stages of a tourist obstacle course:
Removing the tent(start). At least 2 people participate. The team lays down the tent, poles and pegs must be put in a cover.
Passage of the "swamp" along the "bumps". Participants overcome the "swampy" part of the terrain along 10 "bumps". Passing the first and last "bumps" is obligatory, the rest is optional. A penalty time of 60 seconds is given for breaking one or both legs off a "bump", and each participant can be fined only once.
Transportation of the "victim".Team members in any way, carry the "victim", not allowing him to fall to the ground. In the event of a fall, the stage starts over. The task can be complicated by offering to build a stretcher with the help of poles and two windbreakers or jackets.
Lighting a fire and burning a thread. At a height of 70 cm from the ground, a thread is pulled between the posts, and at a height of 30 cm, a wire is a limiter for brushwood. Two representatives from the team must light a fire from one match, using only natural materials, and burn the thread.
Blockage.It is built of logs, height up to 150 cm, width of the corridor - 4 m. Mutual assistance is allowed. Penalty: leaving the corridor - 90 seconds, loss of equipment 30 seconds.
Setting up the tent (the finish) . Any number of participants is allowed. The tent is placed on 2 outdoor posts and 10 pegs. The entrance is not zipped. After building a team, at the signal of the captain, the stopwatch turns off, the judge evaluates the correctness of the task If the tent is set up correctly, the referee gives a command. If errors are found, the command is given another try. If the team sets up the tent again with errors, they receive a penalty of 30 seconds.
Immediately after completing the distance, the team must know their preliminary result - not only the net running time, but also the penalties at the stages. To do this, one of the judges follows the team through all the stages (it may be a schoolboy). He collects information about fines from the judges at the stages and reports it to the chief secretary. The information is promptly processed and reported to the team as a preliminary result. This removes many of the controversial issues that arise towards the end of the competition.
To prevent conflict situations, before the start of the competition, it is necessary to guide the captains along the distance, explaining at each stage (in the presence of a judge) the order of its passage, the system of penalties. This will help avoid different interpretations of actions, and therefore protests.
If the terrain permits, there are enough judges and equipment, two strings can be made. which will significantly reduce the travel time of the tourist obstacle course and make it more dynamic.
It is useful to include in tourist competitions for schoolchildren orienteering by choice.At the start, the participants receive a card with marked control points that have an assessment in points. The task of each is to score as many points as possible in a certain time (from 45 to 60 minutes). For exceeding the control time, penalty points are deducted from the result - a certain amount for each overdue minute. the participant with the most points.
The start in orienteering can be either general or group; if there are many participants, they are divided into races, so that members of the same team start at different times, with the races of boys and girls alternating.
It is recommended to issue the map 2-3 minutes before the start, so that each participant can familiarize himself with it, outline the path of movement. Then, at the command "Start", the guys will not run, without even looking at the map, for the most experienced, but will try to work independently.
The distance must meet the following requirements: 1. As many controls as possible are installed on the ground. 2. The distance is planned so that there are several equivalent movement options. 3. KP stand on firm landmarks, excluding search.
There are several options for setting the distances of the competition at your choice. One of them is when the value of the control is determined by its difficulty. The further the control is removed from the start, the more difficult it is to find it, the more points it will bring to the athlete. In this case, the start and finish are reimbursed in the center of the map so that the participants have more options for movement.
For competitions with beginners, a course scheme is recommended. All controls have the same value, for example 2 points. Start and finish are separated by a distance not exceeding 1 km, 1 - 2 checkpoints are set between them, the main number of checkpoints is located aside from the direct route. With such a system, a poorly prepared participant moves to the finish line along a direct route, and a well-prepared participant moves through an area where the checkpoints are installed denser. You can enter a mandatory minimum checkpoint that participants must visit. Approximately two hundred meters from the finish, there is a checkpoint which must be passed, since it is be at the beginning of the finish corridor.
Orienteering competitions are held with sports maps on a scale of 1: 15000 or 1: 20,000; for schoolchildren, the scale can be 1: 10,000. In the event that there is no map for the competition area, we recommend organizing an azimuth competition. They consist of the following. At the start, the participant receives a card indicating the azimuth and distance to the checkpoint equipped with a prism with a cipher. A colored pencil or a stamp for marking is hung here. for a time, the distance is not more than 2 kilohm meters with 5-6 control points. In the card, you can indicate the azimuths and the length of the entire distance, but you can only the distance to the first control, where the participant will receive the azimuth and distance to the second control, etc.
Orienteering competitions are held as personal-team. It is better for beginners to release 2 people together, but from one card. This will give the guys confidence and ensure the competition is more safe.
Testing tourist skills.This is the most difficult type of competition for judging, since it is impossible to develop clear criteria for the entire range of issues that make up the life of a tourist group. The personal experience of a judge acting as an expert, his tourist and pedagogical experience means a lot here.
Tourist skills are judged by three judges, each of whom works independently, and the average score is displayed. Judging is carried out throughout the course of the competition and consists of the following indicators: the group's exit on the route, arrival at the competition site, equipment with equipment, the state of the camp and the kitchen, storage of food When a group enters the route, the judges assess its appearance, the correct packing of backpacks, the composition of the first aid kit, i.e. those elements that go to the pre-launch check at the KKM. When assessing the equipment of the group with equipment, the presence of metal pegs, stands for tents, campfire devices, the correct selection of dishes for cooking is checked.
The panel of judges makes 2-3 rounds of all bivouacs, evaluates the cleanliness and order, the group's and individual participants' adherence to the daily routine, discipline, the state of the kitchen, group and personal utensils, hygiene and its storage, the presence of firewood are checked. Particular attention is paid to the storage of products, their accounting and issuance, as well as the provision of first aid.
As a rule, the results of competitions in tourism skills are summed up last and significantly affect the distribution of places in the final protocol. In order to avoid protests from the teams, each referee during the round must bring his comments and assessment to the group. We recommend taking a 5-point rating system for each position as the basis as the most understandable for the guys. The results of the tourist skills test should be posted for review within one hour after the round. ...
In addition to the competitive part, the program of tourist competitions also includes various competitions: emblems, amateur performances, cooks, battle sheets, newspapers, etc. The attitude to participation in these competitions will be much more responsible if the result of the competition program is included as 1 of the types in the final protocol of the competition. So, for example, when holding 5 types of competitions, the team result can be determined by the sum of places-points received for participating in three competitions.
One of the main criteria for evaluating competitions should be the independence and creativity of the children themselves. For example, when conducting competitions for combat lists, the participation of the team leader can be completely excluded, giving time and space for the work of the child's editorial board. It is better to hold the competition of amateur performances and tourist songs in the form of a performance by propaganda teams, having given the topic of the speech in advance. It is good if the jury evaluating the competitions includes representatives from the children and they will be given the opportunity to participate in summing up the results.
Important elements of tourist competitions are the procedures for opening and closing them, awarding participants. It is necessary that an opening scenario is developed, a parade commander is appointed, a flagpole is prepared, musical accompaniment issues are resolved, at least with the use of a portable tape recorder. Guests of honor, war veterans can be invited to the opening. and labor from among the parent asset; present the main panel of judges, judges by type, bring to all participants the conditions of the competition.
One of the main issues of holding tourist competitions is security. It includes checking the suitability of drinking water, eliminating dangerous places at distances, ensuring the watch of a medical worker and a police officer. It is very important to provide for the availability of access roads to the competition site, so that in the event of injury or illness, a participant can be immediately taken to the nearest medical aid center.
It is necessary to resolve sanitary issues in advance: to build temporary toilets, prepare garbage pits, places for washing dishes and washing. Particular attention should be paid to the issues of bathing children: establish a constant watch on the reservoir, prohibit swimming alone, unaccompanied by adults.
If a sharp deterioration in the weather has occurred a few days before the competition, they must be postponed or canceled altogether. However, just rainy weather should not be an obstacle for either the children or the leaders. In this case, you can simplify the distances, shorten the program, but still try to carry out the maximum number of types.
M.G. Falkovsky tourism instructor, teacher of the highest category, sports judge.
Scenario of a tourist and local history holiday for schoolchildren of grades 6-8 "Along the native land with a backpack"
Objectives:Educational:
- popularization of sports tourism, as the satisfaction of a person's natural need for direct knowledge of the world around him, his land;
- formation of skills in tourist equipment;
- study of the basics of tourist life.
Developing:
- development of active tourist and sports activities of children;
- development of interest in the study of tourism.
Educational:
- education of a physically healthy, moral person who loves and knows their land.
Tasks:
- to acquaint with the concept of "tourism", types of tourism;
- to acquaint with the rules of packing the backpack;
-to teach to put on the harness system;
-to acquaint with the rules for installing the bivouac;
-to give an elementary idea of \u200b\u200bthe types of fire, teach
to lay out bonfires of various types;
-to acquaint with the main responsibilities of the group members.
Equipment: thematic illustrations; rope; skate; hoops; tourist equipment; firewood, personal equipment.
Lesson plan:
1. Introductory stage.
2. The main stage.
2.1 Acquaintance.
2.2. Warm-up "Quiz"
2.3 Relay "Get ready for the hike"
2.4 Get to the place
2.5 Tourist equipment.
2.6. Crossing.
2.7 Setting up the bivouac
2.8 light a fire
3.The final
Teacher: Hello guys. Today we have a tourist and local history holiday "Along the native land with a backpack." We will make an exciting journey into the world of tourism. We will find out what they are doing and what tourists will learn during hikes and competitions, as well as what unites these romantics of the road.
-Who are tourists and what do they do?
- What does the word "tourism" mean? This word comes from the French "travel", and you can travel in different ways. On the territory of our region, you can engage in all types of tourism.
-What types of tourism do you know?
Teacher: Well done boys! But before starting our holiday, I will present the jury today, which will evaluate. (Jury presentation). And our first competition "Quiz".
1. Competition "Quiz" (application)
Teacher: Well done! -So, we're going on the road. Without what important piece of tourist equipment the trip will not take place? (backpack)
-A backpack is a true friend of any tourist. A camping house that is always close by. The tourist has to collect and disassemble it several times a day. Packing a backpack is a whole science. We will try to comprehend some of its basics now.
- The first participant with an empty backpack runs to the hoop in which various objects are scattered. His task: take only one item that can be useful on a campaign, put it in a backpack, return to the team and pass the backpack to the next player who performs the same task. Attention, there are extra items in the hoop that we will not need on the hike, show your thinking and ingenuity.
2. Competition "Get ready for a hike"
Teacher: The backpack is assembled, you can go hiking. During the hike, there may be obstacles in our path. And the next contest "Get to the place"
3.Contest "Get to the place" (“Mousetrap” (we build like this: between two gymnastic benches we pull a volleyball net.) Crawling under the net, “crossing” (skate and rope), log, hanging ladder, ascent, traverse, descent (Swedish ladder))
Teacher: The obstacles that you have overcome may come across you on the hike. Do you know that in order to overcome them, you need special equipment. In order to overcome obstacles, you need to learn how to use a safety system that will save a person's life in the most difficult situations. And we are starting the next competition "Tourist Equipment"
4. Competition "Tourist Equipment" (putting on the system, gloves, helmets, fastening the carabiners)
Teacher: We continue our trip. All tourists should be able to get out of any situation. Ahead you have a river and a small boat in which the whole team does not fit. And now the task is for the captains who must transport the team to the next shore. In the hands of the team captain there is a hoop, this is the boat. The captain stands in the hoop, taking turns taking one team member into the hoop and running across to the other side. And so on until the captain transfers the entire team.
5. Competition "Ferry"
Teacher: We, guys, got to the parking lot safely. What needs to be done next? Right. Set up a camp.
6. Competition "Setting up a bivouac" (tent)
Teacher: Well done guys, we have set up the camp. But what a hike without a campfire. And behold
Each team will light their own bonfire every hour. Each team player has one piece of wood in his hands. At the signal from the leader, the guys take turns running to the line where they must build a fire, in the form of a well. The last player runs and puts a mock fire inside the fire. Than indicating to the jury that the fire is lit.
7.Contest "Light a fire"
Lecturer: - Our journey has come to an end. Everyone showed their agility, strength, speed. And most importantly, we received a charge of cheerfulness and a lot of positive emotions!
Teacher: Today, guys, you plunged into the multifaceted, interesting, full of impressions world of tourism. Of course, we touched only a thousandth part of this extraordinary hobby. Our holiday is coming to an end. But any journey should end on a good note and now our jury has summed up the results. The floor is yours. (Rewarding)
Appendix
Look closely at the drawing and answer the questions.
1.How many tourists live in this camp?
Answer: 4 tourists. 4 spoons and plates, list on a tree for 4 people.
2. When did they come here: today or a few days ago?
Answer: a few days ago. Cobweb on the tent.
3.How did they come here?
Answer: sailed by boat. Oars near the tree.
4. Is it far from the camp to the nearest village?
Answer: not far. The picture shows a chicken.
5. Where does the wind blow from: from the north or south?
Answer: from the south. A flag is visible on the tent, which indicates the direction of the wind. If you look at the pines, they have shorter branches on the north side. So the wind is blowing from the south.
6. What time of day is it?
Answer: morning. Using the previous answer, you can determine the cardinal points, and looking at the chef's shadow, you can see that the sun is in the east, which means it is morning.
7. Where did Shura go?
Answer: catch butterflies. A landing net is visible behind the bushes.
8. Who was on duty yesterday? (Call by name.)
Answer: Kolya. Today it is not Shura (he catches butterflies), not Kolya (he is at the backpack with the letter "K"), and not Vasya (he is taking pictures, in his backpack with the letter "B" there is a tripod). So the duty officer is Petya, and yesterday Kolya was on duty.
9. What is the date of what month?
Answer: August 8. Today Petya is on duty, which means the 8th. You can see a watermelon, which means it's August.
Girvas secondary school.
Organizer of mass sports work: teacher of physical culture Filatova Natalya Aleksandrovna
REGULATION ON SCHOOL Tourism Competitions
Goals and objectives.
Competitions for schoolchildren in tourism are held in order to promote and popularize tourism, improve health, and identify the best teams.
Time and venue.
Competitions are held in the Turlamba area.
Competitors.
Students of grades 1-11 take part in the competition. To participate in the competition, a personal application is submitted, certified by a medical worker and class teachers.
Organization and refereeing.
The general management of the competition is carried out by TsDYuT. The direct conduct of the competition is entrusted to the main panel of judges in the form of school teachers. Chief judge - N.A. Filatova, physical education teacher.
Summing up and rewarding.
The results of the competition are summed up:
overall;
in the standings for each distance.
The winner of the competition will be the team with the smallest number of places at all distances. In case of equality of the sum of places, preference will be given to the team with the best result in the “Cross-campaign” type. Teams that take 1,2,3 places in the overall team standings are awarded with diplomas.
Competition program.
- cross-hike;
- a strip of tourist equipment (or relay race);
- captains competition.
Competition conditions.
Cross-hike.
6 people participate in the competition. The start time of each team is determined by a draw. The start of the first team is 9.00 am. The team goes along the marked route accompanied by the head or teacher of the school. The leader does not have the right to interfere with the actions of the team at the stage. If this happens, the team is removed from this stage, and its result is canceled. The total control time (TC) of passing the distance is set, which will be reported at the start. The team that did not meet the CV at the stage is removed from this stage, its result is canceled. The end result is determined by the lowest amount of penalty points.
The team must have a control load, which includes:
Backpack 6 pieces;
Mug, cup, spoon 6 sets;
Products for preparing a hot lunch;
Campfire equipment 1 set;
Pot 1 pc;
Matches 1 box;
First aid kit 1 pc;
Wrist watches 2 pcs .;
Notepad, pencil 1 pc .;
The team arrives at the start in 10 minutes. before the start.
Possible stages:
Prelaunch preparation.
Checking the test weight.
Obstacle course. (Crossing along parallel ropes The team moves along the rope with side steps, holding onto the railing with their hands. There should be no more than one participant on each flight. Crossing the log - Each team member moves along a lying or hanging log, holding onto the railing.
Each participant passes the obstacle course. The time from the start (the beginning of the execution of the first participant) to the completion of the execution of the last participant is taken into account.
Definition of topo signs.
Each participant receives a card, where two topo signs must be determined and two must be drawn by himself.
Determination of the azimuth.
The command at a given reference point determines the azimuth (judge's compass)
Overcoming the thicket. The team moves along the marked corridor, observing the distance and all the rules of passage at this stage.
"Puzzles" - to collect for a while a map of Karelia cut into puzzles.
"Bumps". The team overcomes the area of \u200b\u200bthe simulated swamp over bumps. Stage length is about 20m.
Local history The team answers 10 questions. Testing.
Ascent and descent from the slope... The stage is held according to the rules of ascents and descents.
Glade of tasks (CV - 1 hour).
setting up a tent of any type (according to the rules for setting up a tent);
bivouac arrangement;
lighting a fire;
cooking a hot lunch
A strip of tourist equipment.
The result is summed up according to the shortest travel time and the least number of penalty points at the stages.
Tourist relay race.
- Possible stages:
- Nodes;
- Toposigns;
- Backpack packing;
- Swamp;
- Azimuth;
- Pendulum;
- Mousetrap;
- Log;
- Parallel ropes;
- Medicine (tests);
- Hanging ferry.
Captains competition
The captain of each team goes through a fun obstacle course, which includes technical and humorous stages. Before the start, the captains will familiarize themselves with these stages, i.e. stages will be suggested on site. The best result is determined by the shortest travel time and the fewest penalty points.
TABLE OF PENALTIES
|
Stage name |
Name of the fine |
Number of points / sec. |
Clarification |
|
|
Prelaunch preparation |
Lack of test cargo; Loss of test weight. |
Lack of weight recorded in position. For each item. |
||
|
Toposigns |
An error in determining the topomark; Incorrectly named topomark |
Any mistake in title or design. |
||
|
Overcoming the thicket |
Falling participant |
Violation of the order of movement, non-observance of the distance. |
||
|
Local history |
Incorrect answer |
Wrong answer choice |
||
|
Ascent and descent from the slope |
Falling participant |
Finding participants on top of each other. Within the stage, support on the knee. |
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Route map image |
Error in determining KP |
For each mm over 2mm |
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Setting up the tent |
Error while setting up the tent |
Skewed bottom, slopes, ridge, incorrect installation relative to the wind. |
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Walking for the restriction; Touching water or ground; Loss of a pole; Fall of the participant; Incorrect stage movement |
Stepping over the control line. When leaving the pole within the obstacle. Loss of the pendulum. |
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Walking for the restriction; Touching water or ground; Fall of the participant; Incorrect stage movement |
Stepping over the control line. Any part of the body or clothing, loss of balance. Landing on one, two legs within an obstacle, knee support, etc. Violation of the order of movement on bumps (first and last bump), two at the stage. |
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Crossing the parallel ropes |
Walking for the restriction; Falling from the railing; Carabiner clutch not screwed in |
Stepping over the control line. |
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Crossing the log |
Walking for the restriction; Incorrect movement along the railing; Falling from the railing; Touching water or ground; |
Stepping over the control line. Incorrect position of the handrails. Work without gloves. Fall and hang on self-belay. Start of movement without self-belay. More than one person on the railing. |
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Stacking the backpack |
Backpack packing error; Incorrect packing of the backpack |
Minor error. |
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Azimuth determination error |
For every 2 degrees over 5 degrees, but not more than 10 points. |
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Mousetrap |
Touching the rope, strut with clothing or any part of the body. |
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Hanging ferry |
Walking for the restriction; Incorrect movement along the railing; Falling from the railing; Lack or termination of self-insurance Touching water or ground; |
Stepping over the control line. Incorrect position of the handrails. Work without gloves. Fall and hang on self-belay. Start of movement without self-belay. More than one person on the railing. Any part of the body or clothing, loss of balance. |
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|
All stages |
Referee's advice or help; Failure to pass the stage by the participant; Bickering with a judge; Loss of test cargo; Bickering with a judge; Exceeding the control time |
Withdrawal from the stage Withdrawal from the stage |
Actions of the "victim", facilitating the actions or movement of the attendants, hint from the viewer, help from the judge (giving a pendulum, pole after falling, etc.). For each participant. After two warnings. For each item. After penalty 21.2 |
PRIZE POINTS.
The points received in the field of tasks are prizes. Each criterion is estimated at 1b / 30sec. Prize points are deducted from penalties.
Criteria:
Bivouac arrangement: food storage, camp cleanliness.
Kindle fire: arrangement of fire equipment, location of the fire.
Cooking a hot lunch: taste
Sections: School sports and children's health
Introduction
A tourist gathering is one of the most effective forms of promoting tourism and a healthy lifestyle, improving the physical development of schoolchildren and strengthening their health, organizing leisure activities for young people.
The main attraction of the tourist gathering is communication with nature, friends, as well as elements of competition.
One of the main events of the rally is the obstacle course - the most spectacular and dynamic type of distance in tourism competitions, which allows the children to show their physical fitness, dexterity, ingenuity, gain new skills, skills and self-confidence.
The tourist gathering is the most favorite, interesting and massive extracurricular event, which is very popular among children and adults of our gymnasium.
Traditionally, we hold a rally in September for the birthday of the gymnasium in a forested area. Then, as a continuation of the rally - a contest of crafts from natural materials "Colors of Autumn" and a photo exhibition "Our favorite tourist gathering!"
The success of this event is largely determined by timely and accurate preparation.
The organizing committee is formed in advance, the Regulation on the competition is developed and approved at the meeting of the creative laboratory of teachers of physical culture and life safety.
Preliminary preparation of teams and instructors for the stages (subject teachers, leaders of circles and sports sections) is underway. For teams - consultations and practical exercises on setting up a tent, packing a backpack, determining the azimuth, orientation on the ground, knotting. Before the start of the competition, instructions are given on safety measures and respect for nature.
Regulations on the school tourist rally "Trail of tests"
1. Goals and objectives
- Formation of a healthy lifestyle among students
- Preservation and improvement of children's health
- The development of motivation to engage in sports tourism and the creation of conditions for creative and sports mastery among students
- Expansion of motor experience through competitive activity
- Development of responsibility, cohesion, collectivism
2. Time and venue
The meeting is held on _____ September 20___. in a forested area. Gathering of participants in the school yard. The solemn line (with the presentation of the teams, the delivery of the report to the chief judge of the competition and the presentation of route sheets) at 10.00 o'clock. Then, an organized column exit to the place of the competition.
3. Participants of the meeting
Students in grades 5-11 in full force with class teachers, gymnasium teachers, parents. To pass the tourist obstacle course, a team of 8 people (at least 3 girls) admitted to physical education is required.
4. Guiding the preparation and conduct
The preparation of the meeting is led by the organizing committee headed by the deputy director for educational work. The direct holding of the rally is entrusted to the panel of judges, approved by the creative laboratory of teachers of physical culture and life safety.
Main judge ____________________________,
chief secretary _________________________,
judges at stages ____________________________.
5. Meeting program
The rally program provides for:
- tourist obstacle course
- tourist song competition
- competition "Best bivouac"
- photography competition
- local history quiz
6. Conditions for admission of participants
The teams are deployed in the field. Classes need to have a supply of food and drinking water for one day, equipment for arranging a bivouac. Teams receive equipment for participation in the obstacle course at the competition site. For the stage "lighting a fire" the team brings firewood with them. Campfires at the bivouacs are organized taking into account environmental protection measures and safety measures. At the end of the rally, the garbage from the place of stay of the class is packed in plastic bags and carried away independently.
7. Determination of results
The overall team classification is carried out for the smallest amount of places received in certain types of programs (in each group separately). In the event of a tie, preference will be given to the class with the best result in the obstacle course.
8. Rewarding
Winners and prize-winners in certain types of the program and in the team event are awarded with certificates and prizes (by age group).
Competition conditions
1. Tourist obstacle course
5-6th grade - distance up to 300 m:
- Pack your backpack
- Map Symbols
- Moat of monsters
- Mysteries of the forest
- "Web"
- Standing pharmacy
- Lighting a fire
- Aibolit's hospital
7-11th grade - distance up to 500 m:
- Setting up and removing the tent
- Stacking the backpack
- Topography test
- Crossing the "pendulum" way
- Azimuth
- "Mousetrap"
- Lighting a fire
- Crossing the log
- Knotting
- Providing first aid
The team from start to finish moves strictly along the specified route (according to the route sheet ( Attachment 1 , Appendix 2)). At each stage, a penalty time is recorded in the route sheet. The result of the team is determined by the time spent on overcoming the obstacle course and the time penalty received for errors in the stages. The place of start and finish is combined (marked with markings).
Characteristics of the stages, requirements for their organization and refereeing for grades 5-6
At a distance, the participants are not penalized, the judge delays the team until the error is corrected. At the stages where it is necessary for the participants to demonstrate their erudition and knowledge of nature, ecology, the team is awarded incentive points. The correct answer is 2 points; for incomplete - 1; the team that does not answer the questions gets zero points; for a complete, interesting, exhaustive answer, the team is awarded 2 more incentive points. The points scored by the team are taken into account when summing up the results.
The result of the team is determined by the time of passing the obstacle course (taking into account the points scored) and the sum of places in competitive tests.
Stacking the backpack
It is required to properly pack the backpack by filling in the corners and placing heavy items so that the backpack has a flat shape (towards the back). The essentials should be on top (mug, spoon, first aid kit, flashlight). The backpack and things are judges. If the backpack is packed with errors, then the team is given an attempt to eliminate them.
Map Symbols
Each team member pulls out a task card. If the participant finds it difficult to answer the question, then he can use the help of the command ( Picture 1).
Moat of monsters
With the help of a pendulum rope it is necessary to overcome the “moat of monsters”. To do this, grasp the knot at the end of the rope (or grip) with both hands and push off from one line of the “ditch” and land behind the other line. At the same time, bend the legs at the knees and pull them to the chest. The width of the overcome zone is 2-3 meters, its borders are marked with markings. The participant who fell off the rope or stepped onto the boundary line returns to the beginning of the stage and goes through it again.
Mysteries of the forest
Each participant pulls out a card with a question about nature and its inhabitants or about orientation by natural signs, about ecology, etc. ( Appendix 3). If the participant finds it difficult to answer the question, then he can use the help of the team.
"Web"
Each of the team members crawls under the stretched net. A participant who finds himself in the “web” (hitting the net with his head or other parts of the body) passes the obstacle again.
Standing pharmacy
The children need to demonstrate their knowledge of medicinal plants, their healing properties and methods of application ( Appendix 4).
Lighting a fire
Aibolit's hospital
At the stage, the team pulls out a card indicating the type of injury and simulates the provision of first aid.
The list of injuries and situations when first aid is required: cut, abrasion, bruise, a speck got into the eye, a bee (wasp) bit, heat or sunstroke, bleeding from the nose.
Assistance is demonstrated on one of the team members. Help materials are judges.
Description of the stages, requirements for their organization and refereeing for grades 7-11
Setting up the tent and removing the tent
The installed tent should be fastened and not have folds on the slopes, ridge sagging. If the tent is set up with errors, then the team is given an attempt to eliminate them. Instead of trying to eliminate, at the option of the team, it may be punished with a fine. Once removed, the tent and accessories should be packed into the cover.
Fine:
- folds on the slopes of the tent - 30 sec
- tilt of the tent wall - 30 sec
- general skew of the tent - 60 sec
- forgotten or not packed one of the accessories - 30 sec
Stacking the backpack
It is required to properly pack the backpack by filling in the corners and placing heavy items so that the backpack has a flat shape (towards the back). The essentials should be on top (mug, spoon, first aid kit, flashlight). The backpack and things are judges.
If the backpack is packed with errors, then the team is given an attempt to eliminate them. Instead of trying to eliminate, at the option of the team, it may be punished with a fine.
Fine:
- incorrect packing of the backpack - 60 sec.
Topography test
Each team draws out a piece of a sports card. It is necessary to “read the map”, that is, show on the map and name as many conventional symbols as possible ( Picture 2, Picture 3)
Penalties:
- inaccurate determination of the sign - 30 sec.
- not determining the topographic mark - 60 sec.
Crossing the "pendulum" way
A rope with a minimum thickness of 10 mm is suspended from the tree branches. With the help of a pendulum rope it is necessary to overcome the supposed ravine. To do this, you need to grasp the knot at the end of the rope (or grip) with both hands and push off from one line, land behind the other line. At the same time, bend the legs at the knees and pull them to the chest. The width of the overcome zone is 2-3 meters (no more than 4 m), its borders are marked with sand or markings.
Penalties:
- spade on the overcome zone - 30 sec
One person (at the choice of the team) determines the azimuth to the reference point indicated by the judge.
Penalties:
- error up to 3 0 - 30 sec
- error up to 6 0 - 60 sec
- error 9 0 and more - 90 sec
"Mousetrap"
Each of the team members crawls under the stretched net.
Penalties:
- touching the net with the head or other parts of the body - 30 sec
Lighting a fire
The firewood is prepared by the team. It is not allowed to use flammable substances, dry fuel, birch bark. Only ordinary matches. It is allowed to cover the fire from the wind and regulate the flame with a stick. The thread stretched over the fire must be burnt.
Penalties:
- use of prohibited materials - 30 sec
- the thread is not burnt - 90 sec
Crossing the log
The length of the crossing is up to 5 m (a log with a thickness of 20–30 cm) across the proposed stream. It is necessary to cross the log and jump (step over) beyond the limit line. It is unacceptable for two team members to be on the log at once.
Penalties:
- going beyond the limit line - 30 sec
- fall from a log (with two legs) - 60 sec
- two on a log - 90 sec
Knotting
Each participant draws a card with the name of the knot and knits it. List of knots: conductor, conductor eight, academic, straight, brach-sheet, bowline, oncoming. ( Figure 3). If the node is executed with an error, then the participant is given an attempt to eliminate it.
Penalties:
- no control node - 30 sec
- not straightened knot - 30 sec
- improperly tied or not tied - 60 sec
Providing first aid
List of injuries:
- open fracture of the leg with bleeding (task for grades 9-11)
- closed leg fracture without bleeding (task for 7-8 grades)
Help for this type of injury is provided to one of the team members. Help materials are judges.
Penalties:
- inaccuracies in the provision of first aid - 30 sec
- wrong position of the victim when providing assistance - 30 sec
- improper use of medicines when treating a wound - 60 sec
- incorrect application of the harness - 90 sec
- no note about the time of the harness application - 90 sec
- incorrect tire application - 90 sec
2. Tourist song contest
It is held in a large clearing, where all the participants of the rally gather, after passing the obstacle course. The team must perform one song. The quality of performance, relevance to the theme, authorship, musical accompaniment, originality are assessed.
3. Competition "Best bivouac"
The competition runs throughout the rally. The technical quality of the bivouac layout, compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards and attitude to nature protection, ideological and aesthetic design are assessed. Penalty points are awarded for trash left after the rally, non-observance of safety measures and rules of conduct.
4. Photo competition
For the competition, the team submits no more than 5 photographs (possibly from the last rally) on tourism topics. Accepted photographs at least 18x24 cm in size. On the reverse side indicate: team, author, name of the photo. Ideological, artistic value and technical condition are assessed. The best photos will be presented at a photo exhibition dedicated to the birthday of the gymnasium.
5. Local history quiz
Held in the rally glade. 3 people from the team participate. Questions in several areas:
- history of the native land
- flora and fauna of the native land
- famous people
- streets of the hometown
- sights of the city and region
Municipal state educational institution
secondary school number 14
(MKOU SOSH number 14 )
taishet, Irkutsk region
Outline plan for extracurricular educational activities
on academic subjects
"Fundamentals of Life Safety and FC"
Topic: "School tourist meeting":
Competitions in tourism technology, orienteering and safety school among students of the secondary school № 14
Prepared by: teacher of health and safety and physical education MKOU secondary school № 14 Taishet
Vershinin Yuri Alexandrovich
2016 year
Objectives:
Education of the Russian civil identity: patriotism, love and respect for the Fatherland, knowledge of the nature of the native land.
Continue to develop students' ability to work in a team, to give themselves self-esteem when doing work.
Further development of tourism, orienteering skills.
Tasks:
Improving skills in tourism, local history and orienteering, rescue operations.
Strengthening the health of the participants and preparing them for hiking trips.
Improving safety skills when conducting hiking trips.
Exchange of experience in classrooms.
Identification of the strongest teams of training classes in tourism, orienteering.
Dates and venue:
September.
Sports base "Lokomotiv", Taishet.
Manual: The management and conduct of the competition is carried out by the Ministry of Natural Sciences of the MOU Secondary School No. 14.
JURY Chairman: Vershinin Yu.A.
JURY members:
Borutyuk T.S.
Denisova O.V.
A.I. Kashitsin
Competitors:Teams of 5-11 classes are allowed to participate in the competition:
Line-up: 10 people;
The team is managed by: classroom teacher;
For schoolchildren to have: uniform uniform, emblem, team name and motto, team song;
Class placement: carried out in a strictly designated place.
Time:3 hours.
Start of the competition: 11.00.
Departure from school to the venue of the competition: 09.00.
Determination of competition results
Overall team result in tourism competitions is determined by the smallest sum: places-points received at the distances of the KTP ( conditional control and tourist hike), CCI ( tourist obstacle course), penalty points in touristic household skills competitions. In case of equality of points, preference is given to the team with the best result at the KTP distance.
Seats at the distance of KTP are determined by the sum of the points received by the team when passing the distance. Places at the TTP distance are determined by the sum of the time spent on the distance by all participants and the penalty time. In the event of a tie, preference is given to the team that covered the distance with the least total penalty time.
Individual places determine separately among boys and girls parallels of 5-6th, 7-8th, 9-11th grades in terms of distance and penalty time. In case of equality, preference is given to the participant who has covered the distance with lower penalties.
In the competitive program, places are determined by the sum of points received by the team in each individual competition.
In orienteering competitions, places are displayed according to the amount of places - points taken by teams at distances " Optionally ».
Team captains before the start get credit " Route Maps ", Which will reflect the results of passing the stages of the competition.
Competition program:
Orienteering.
KTP includes an approximate list of stages:
prelaunch check;
tourist centers;
crossing on a log;
determination of the standing point by 3 landmarks;
determination of azimuth;
stretcher knitting;
provision of first aid;
description of the forest;
topography;
determination of the distance to an inaccessible object and the height of the object;
ascent, traverse, descent;
Rewarding.
Teams that take 1-3 places in the overall standings are awarded with diplomas.
Teams that take 1-3 places in certain types of competitions are awarded with diplomas.
Teams that take 1-3 places in separate competitions (non-scoring types) are awarded with certificates and prizes.
Students who excel in particular disciplines are awarded individual prizes.
Security.
Responsibility for the life and health of the participants when going to the place of the competition and back, being at the competition, moving along the distance between the stages is borne by the class leaders of the teams.
The chief judge of the competition and the deputy chief judge for safety are responsible for the preparation of the distances and the equipment of the stages.
Conditions"Orienteering sport" :
In orienteering " optionally » the participant plans his own distance.
At the start, participants receive a card, put control points from a sample of the referee's card.
Participant's task - find in a certain time as many CPs as possible (checkpoints).
Run boys and girls are assessed separately.
The winner is the participant with the highest number of control points.
Checkout time: 20 minutes.
Conditions of the distance "KTP »:
The entire team - 10 people - participates in passing the distance.
At the start, the team receives a scoring route card (ZMK), in which the chief judge of the stage puts down the number of points scored.
In case of forced time cuts at the stages, a corresponding entry is made in the ZMK.
The control time KB is set at separate stages.
If the normal time is not exceeded, provided that the task is completed correctly and completely, 5 points are added.
If the KB stage is exceeded, the team gets 0 points for this stage.
If exceeded every 5 minutes, 1 point is deducted.
Prelaunch check (max. 10 points).
Knitting tourist knots (max. 30 points, ie 3 points each).
Each participant draws a card and tightens 1 knot.
Mutual assistance is not permitted.
The participant knits the following types of knots:
Shkotovy;
Bramshkotovy;
Academic;
Burlatsky;
Conductor;
Guide eight;
Grasping.
Bumps (max 40 b)
The participant overcomes the obstacle by jumping over the bumps, a conditional obstacle 10 meters wide.
Loss of equipment (headgear).
Two on the track.
The participant touches the water at the crossing (step over the limiters).
Fall of the participant "into the water" (not falling on a hummock).
Crossing the log (max. 30 6)
Distance between supports up to 25 meters,
the width of the water barrier is up to 15 meters.
The log is laid.
It is necessary to arrange self-insurance for each participant.
Time cutoff for the last participant:
Conditions that reduce the result by 1 point:
Loss of equipment.
Two on a log.
Fall of the participant.
Determination of a standing point by 3 landmarks (max. 15 6)
The stage is located at the observation point, from where 3 point landmarks are visually visible.
The team receives a card where these landmarks are indicated.
It is necessary to determine and pierce the point of your location.
Compass, pencil, needle - staff.
Error in the 5 mm radius. Not fined.
The error is 5-10 mm. - 2 6.
Error 10-20 mm. - 6 6.
The error is 9-12 mm. - 10 6.
More than 12 mm. - 15 6.
Determining the azimuth and distance on the map (max. 16 6)
The team receives a card where it conventionally shows 2 landmarks.
It is necessary to determine the azimuth from one reference point to another (8 6.) and measure the distance between them. Judicial tool.
Azimuths up to 3 degrees - not fined
4-8 degrees, - 2 6.
9-12 degrees, - 5 6.
More than 12 degrees. - 8 6.
Distances up to 5% - no penalty
more than 11% -8 6.
Stretcher knitting (20 6.)
From the referee's poles and ropes, the team knits a stretcher to carry the victim.
Unreliable fastening of crossbars (for each) - 2 6.
Incorrect weaving - 5 6.
First aid kit is not completed - 2 p.
Providing first aid and carrying the victim (max. 20 p.)
For a given injury, the team provides medical assistance to a conditional victim (156.) ( wounded by lot) and transports it on a stretcher.
Description of the forest (20 b)
The site is limited by an area of \u200b\u200b5x5 m.
Identify 10 types of plants.
CV: 5 minutes.
Decoding of topo signs (max. 10 6.).
Find topographic signs in a given place on the map.
Total characters: 10.
CV: 5 minutes.
Error: not found - 2 6.
Determining the distance to an inaccessible object – 9-11 grades (max. 10 6.)
Participants determine the distance to a given inaccessible object (5 6.)
Determine the height of the object (5 6.)
Ascent, traverse, downhill (max. 60 6.)
The distance is provided with the referee's ropes.
The team must climb the vertical handrails and traverse with self-belaying and descend the rope in a sporty way with the referee's belay.
going beyond marking - 1 6.
loss of equipment - 1 6.
termination of insurance, loss of self-insurance - 5 6.
wrong insurance - 5 6.
belay or descent without tops - 1 6.
2 on a rope, at one interval of movement - 1 6.
breakdown with hanging on the insurance - 10 p.
the carabiner sleeve is not twisted - 5 6.
the knot is not tied correctly - 5 6.
Definition of rocks (max.20 6., KB - 10 min., HB - 5 min.)
The whole team is involved.
4 rock samples are issued.
It is necessary to determine:
breed name - 1 6.
education condition - 1 6.
physical properties of rocks: color, hardness, density - 1 6 (each).
completeness of the answer - 1 6.
Gat (max. 15 6.)
Stage length up to 50m.,
span length up to 3 m.
It is necessary, using the judges' poles (6 pcs.), To overcome the swamp area.
fall of participants - 3 6.
touching the water with the foot - 1 b.
loss of equipment - 1 6.
Overall results:
Summing up the results of the competition based on the test route maps.
Winner's reward ceremony.
Departure from the Lokomotiv ski base to school.
Equipment and gear
Medical kit - 1 set;
Repair kit - for each class;
Colored pencils (markers) -1 set;
Compass - 5 pcs;
Notepad - 1 per class;
Handle - 1 per class;
Main rope (10-12 mm) - 40 m - 2 pieces;
Auxiliary rope (5-6 mm) - 20 m. -2 pcs.
Carbines (climbing) -10 pcs;
Safety system - 10 sets;
« Log" - 1 PC.;
"Bumps" - 10 pcs.
Equipment for " stretcher»;
Equipment for " gati»;
Training card - 5 pcs.
Set of minerals - 2 sets
Literature and manuals:
Ilyichev A.A. Big encyclopedia of survival in extreme situations: a tutorial, - M .: EKSMO, 2003.
Petrov N.N. A person in emergency situations: a textbook, - Chelyabinsk: South Ural Book Publishing House, 1997.
Children's multimedia encyclopedia on the basics of life safety. Department of Civil Protection EMERCOM of Russia, 2006.
Internet resources:
"Spas-Extreme". Child safety portal.
"Wikipedia"
"School of Security". All-Russian children's and youth social movement, etc.
Smirnov A.T., Khrennikov B.O. Fundamentals of Life Safety: A Schoolchild's Handbook, edited by A.T. Smirnova, - M .: Education, 2007.
Frolov M.P., Smirnov A.T. Fundamentals of life safety: a textbook for students in grades 9, edited by Vorobyov Yu.L. - M .: AST-Astrel, 2011.
Subject photos
on the passage of the stages of the tourist meeting:
