Nutritional therapy for diseases of the urinary system. Diseases of the urinary system Medical diets for the kidneys and genitourinary system

23.11.202027.05.2017

Each specific renal disease has its own characteristics, which dictate the specifics of treatment and some features of the diet. With some pathologies, it is recommended to consume more milk, with others - to drink decoctions of diuretic herbs.

Below is a table with the most common nephrological diseases and dietary habits during treatment and remission.

Cyst in the kidney	Daily consumption of milk and other dairy products increases the chances of resorption of the formation. This effect is due to the lipotropic properties of the products.
Pyelonephritis	During the period of remission, onions and garlic must be present in the human diet in moderation, both in pure form and in the composition of dishes. Up to 2 liters per day are consumed per day. This amount also includes decoctions of diuretic herbs, as well as fees to prevent the development of inflammation.
Cystitis	With cystitis, experts recommend consuming the main amount of food before 15.00. In the afternoon, the diet should consist of the lightest foods possible. Then, at night, the kidneys will not bother a person and he will be provided with a full sleep.
Salts and kidney stones	With urolithiasis, for a start, an analysis of the composition of deposits is carried out. This is necessary to determine the most effective diet. With oxalate stones, oxalic acid is prohibited. With urates, it is useful to eat foods that promote alkalization of the body. Phosphate calculi require acidifying foods. Milk and fruit should not be consumed with this type of pebbles.
Oncological disease	The diet is set individually with the attending physician. It takes into account the severity of the patient's condition and the maximum benefit that it should bring to the person.
Removal of the kidney	With surgery and removal of one organ, the entire burden falls on the second kidney. In this case, you need to eat in small portions, but often.
Angiomoilipoma of the kidney	With a non-malignant formation of this type, it is enough to adhere to the general principles of nutrition for kidney disease. Due to the limitation of fats that enter the body, the formation is resorbed over time.

In order for the treatment and diet to give the most positive result, all the nuances must be coordinated with the attending physician. To monitor the patient's well-being, it is recommended to take tests regularly. For a specialist, laboratory tests are the most reliable source of information about how effectively treatment is being carried out. Also, based on the results obtained, the doctor can correct the patient's diet or prescribe other medications.

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The causes of the formation of the disease

Disorders in the work of the kidneys and urinary system lead to serious complications in the processes of the whole organism. The metabolism suffers especially, there are disruptions in the excretion of the processed liquid, the absorption of useful microelements worsens. For this reason, a certain diet therapy is prescribed to eliminate this disease.

The main causes of kidney disease include:

weakening of immunity;
non-compliance with the principles of healthy eating;
hypothermia of both the whole body and the pelvic organs;
diseases of an infectious and venereal nature;
frequent nervous breakdowns;
alcohol and tobacco abuse;
genetic predisposition;
taking some medications.

General information on therapeutic measures

Treatment of diseases of the kidneys and urinary system is as follows:

the use of medicines;
diet therapy;
therapy of certain manifestations of the disease;
physiotherapy procedures.

The main principle of a therapeutic diet:

unloading of the urinary system;
cleansing the blood from harmful substances;
stabilization of the metabolism;
getting rid of edema;
normalization of blood pressure.

Diet principles

Only properly selected nutrition helps to improve the patient's condition. Medicine offers several types of diets to normalize the kidneys and urinary system. When prescribing a specific diet, the doctor focuses on the course of kidney disease. In certain cases, the diet can be changed based on the personal characteristics of the human body.

Video about nutrition for kidney disease:

The general requirements of the dietary table are:

Reducing the amount of protein consumed. This moment belongs to the key in diseases of the urinary tract. This is because proteins include nitrogen compounds that are extremely difficult for diseased kidneys to deal with. With a large accumulation of these elements, intoxication is possible. If the disease becomes severe, then a protein-free diet is recommended, lasting 2 weeks.

Control over fluid intake.
Complete refusal or restriction of salt and salty foods. Salt belongs to natural sorbents, therefore, its reduction in the diet leads to the elimination of puffiness. During treatment, it is recommended to drink at least 1.5 liters of gas-free water daily.
Calculation of daily calories.

In some cases, the use of oxalic acid may be limited.

The following products are prohibited for use:

fat meat;
broths cooked with mushrooms or fish;
smoked meats, sausage, canned food;
salted cheese;
sea \u200b\u200bfish;
fast food;
hot spices.

Daily food during the diet should include 500 g of complex carbohydrates, 80 g of protein, 70 g of fat. The calorie content of products should be equal to 3000.

To normalize the level of metabolic processes, you must use:

products from vegetarian cuisine;
river fish;
lean meat;
bread and crackers without salt;
vegetables cooked with a double boiler;
durum wheat pasta;
dried fruits;
fermented milk products.

Sample menu for illness

Nutrition for problems with the kidneys and urinary system should be organized according to the following example:

Breakfast includes a vegetable salad, while vegetables must be boiled beforehand, if desired, you can add a small amount of sour cream to it. It is also allowed to eat cottage cheese, slightly dried bread, rosehip broth.
For lunch, you need to make an omelet, boil buckwheat, adding a small amount of oil to it. If you wish, you can drink a glass of juice.
For lunch, you need to eat vegetable soup, some boiled meat. It is not forbidden to use jacket potatoes and a glass of jelly.
In an afternoon snack, it is advisable to cook a small amount of pasta, drink a glass of yogurt. One baked apple allowed.
For dinner, you need to cook steamed rice cutlets. If you wish, you can eat some dried fruits and drink jelly.

Such nutrition will contribute to a quick recovery in a short period of time. If it is not adhered to, then the state of health may deteriorate and more aggressive therapy will be prescribed.

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Nutrition Basics

Nutrition for kidney inflammation developed by the attending physician urologist, while taking into account:

anti-inflammatory effect, which can significantly speed up complete recovery;

cleansing the urinary tract improves the outflow of fluid from body tissues;
health food products should not put a lot of stress on the kidneys;
you should eat food that helps to normalize blood pressure, improve the body's water balance;
adherence to a therapeutic diet can prevent the development of a chronic process;
filling the daily menu with vitamins helps to increase the immune defense.

With sick kidneys, it is necessary to minimize the intake of proteins and fats of animal origin, and increase the amount of carbohydrates... The amount of salt consumed in the diet should be limited to no more than 5 grams per day.

You should not completely abandon salt in the diet, since the onset of renal failure is possible. It is advisable to flavor the food with spices and herbs to give it a more appetizing look.

In kidney disease, the diet aims to balance the intake of protein, sodium and phosphorus salts. Recommended amount of protein - 25 g per day, otherwise aggravation is possible.

For kidney pain, food should be cooked boiled or baked, but at the same time the body should not suffer from a lack of nutrients.
It is recommended to reduce single doses of food by increasing the frequency of meals up to 5-6 times daily. You must have dinner no later than two hours before your night's rest. This diet helps to defeat pyelonephritis.

During the day, be sure to drink at least 1 liter of pure non-carbonated water, it is recommended to eat foods that have a diuretic effect: fresh cucumbers, pumpkin, watermelon, melon, zucchini. If there is no edema or liver disease, the amount of water should be increased to 2.5 liters.

The calorie content of the diet throughout the day in adults should not be less than 3500 kcal. In case of refusal, the body will begin to waste its protein reserves, increasing the burden on the kidneys. 1-2 times a week is recommended arrange fasting daysby consuming any one vegetable or fruit product. If pyelonephritis is accompanied by low hemoglobin, it is recommended to enrich the diet with apples, strawberries, pomegranates and other iron-containing foods.

List of prohibited foods

When treating, it is strictly forbidden to eat fried, pickled dishes. Avoid eating spicy, fatty, salty foods. It is forbidden to use strong rich broths from meat, fish, mushrooms for nutrition. It is recommended to drain the first portion when cooking. After filling the product with fresh water, bring the process to readiness.

If a patient has an acute stage pyelonephritis, then a protein-free diet for kidney disease will be the basis, but you should avoid:

canned meat and fish, semi-finished products, seafood;
spicy hard cheeses;
seasonings (mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish, ketchup, etc.);
coffee, cocoa, strong tea;
fatty lactic acid products;
black bread;
onions in any form, garlic, radish;
alcohol of any strength;
chocolate, confectionery fatty products;
legumes;
margarine, lard, fat.

When pyelonephritis enters an inactive phase, the diet can be slightly expanded, it is allowed to practice a protein diet.

What foods are allowed and useful

Despite the limitations, the composition of the diet for people with kidney disease must be varied in products, the nutritional value of which is sufficient for normal human life.

It is allowed to use the following products for treatment:

low-fat boiled meats up to 200 g per day 3-4 weeks after switching to dietary food;
limited quantities of durum wheat pasta;
unsalted bread, preferably with bran - for weight loss;
cereals cooked in water or with the addition of low-fat milk;
chicken eggs, limiting consumption to 2 pieces daily;
vegetable soups with cereals or pasta, seasoned with butter;

With an exacerbation, you can not eat:

boiled, baked, fresh vegetables, vegetable food (carrots, potatoes, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin, lettuce, beets);
you can use non-acidic greens;
fruits in fresh or boiled, baked form. Compotes, jelly, freshly squeezed juices.
citrus fruits are prohibited as sources of allergies;
weakly brewed tea or coffee;
milk and lactic acid products of low-fat composition are allowed to be consumed in limited quantities.
diuretic watermelon should also be limited in nutrition, including with one kidney, so as not to provoke a deterioration in the condition.

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Overview of renal pathologies

The presence in the history of diseases of the urinary system is always reflected in the quality of human life. The pathological process can involve both the renal tissues and the organs of the genitourinary system (ureters, bladder, urethra, urethra).

The urinary system reacts sharply to inflammatory processes, so it is very important to recognize them in time.

In the practice of doctors, the most common diseases are:

nephritis;
pyelitis;
pyelonephritis;
renal failure;
glomerulonephritis;
urolithiasis disease.

Diet for kidney disease enhances the effect of drugs, helps to normalize the functioning of the digestive tract. In women and men, kidney pathologies develop with the same frequency, medical nutrition does not differ. All toxic and harmful substances are excreted by the kidneys, so you need to preserve their full-fledged work, protect them from negative influences.

The causes of kidney disease are varied, but infections are to blame in 80% of cases. Clinical manifestations of diseases affecting the kidneys and urinary system, pronounced and accompanied by:

violation of urination;
pain or discomfort in the lower back;
increased blood pressure;
swelling of the limbs, face;
signs of intoxication.

Nutrition for kidney and urinary tract pathologies includes foods with a minimum content of animal and plant proteins. Without dietary nutrition, there will be no effect of therapy, even when the patient is taking medications.

The benefits of dietary nutrition

For diseases affecting the kidneys and urinary system, doctors prescribe diet number 7. Depending on the diagnosis, table number 7 is divided into several.

7a (low-protein diet) allows you to remove from the body under-oxidized metabolic products, nitrogenous toxins, has a hypotensive effect, reduces the signs of uremia.
7b is prescribed for chronic kidney pathologies.
7c allows you to replenish the loss of proteins.
7g is recommended for renal failure, especially for those patients who are on hemodialysis.
7p, the main indication for which is renal failure, permanent hemodialysis.

In addition to diet # 7, the doctor may prescribe table # 6 or # 14. The choice of dietary tables directly depends not only on the diagnosis, but also on the stage of development of the disease.

Basic principles of proper nutrition:

unloading of the urinary system;
cleansing the blood from harmful and toxic substances;
stabilization of metabolic processes;
reduction of edema;
normalization of water-salt metabolism;
bringing blood pressure indicators back to normal;
elimination of inflammation;
improvement of the digestive tract.

Diet for kidney disease is one of the main components of therapy, therefore, patients must strictly follow the doctor's recommendations on nutrition and lifestyle, consume only permitted foods.

wheat bread;
lean meat;
vegetable soups;
low-fat boiled or baked fish;
dairy products;
greens and vegetables;
berries and fruits;
mild cheese;
tea with milk;
rosehip broth.

The meals included in the diet should contain a minimum amount of salt.

What products should be discarded

In case of diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, it is forbidden to consume alcohol, alcoholic and carbonated drinks.

List of prohibited products:

salty foods;
black bread;
mushrooms;
smoked meats;
sausages;
canned food;
legumes;
coffee.

Proper nutritional therapy for diseases of the urinary system will help improve kidney function, relieve swelling, normalize blood pressure, and improve the patient's overall well-being. The effect of diet therapy can be seen within 2-3 days.

Features of diet number 7

All meals consumed by the patient must be balanced in composition, contain vitamins and be healthy. The patient should consume per day:

3000 kcal;
70 g protein;
90 g fat;
400 g of carbohydrates.

To reduce the load on the organs of the urinary system, they limit the intake of proteins and salt, regulate the amount of fluid. For some pathologies, it is recommended to abandon salt, include vegetable and fruit juices in the diet. The duration of the diet to be followed depends on the stage of the disease, the final diagnosis.

In the presence of kidney stones, a diet is prescribed taking into account the composition of the stones. Kidney disease often requires a protein-free diet, since it is the excessive consumption of protein foods that provokes the formation of harmful substances. But protein is an important building material of the body, therefore, it is not completely excluded, but only limited to use.

Therapy for kidney diseases also includes single-product fasting days. This helps to increase the amount of urine, accelerate the excretion of protein metabolic products from the body, and normalize blood pressure.

The diet is prescribed for how many weeks or months. In chronic pathologies with severe impairments in the work of the kidneys, a strict diet will have to be adhered to all life.

After establishing the diagnosis, the patient is individually assigned a treatment regimen, which includes diet therapy.

General rules.

Take food in small portions.
Eat only high quality and fresh food.
Products should be steamed, baked or boiled.
It is recommended to schedule five meals a day.
Drink at least 1.5 liters of liquid a day.
Add salt not during cooking, but to the plate.
Increase your intake of vegetables and fruits.
Do not use salt, spices or herbs when preparing food.
Give up fatty and "heavy" foods.
Avoid overeating.
Do not neglect diet and doctor's recommendations.

By following simple rules, you can improve the general condition of the patient. In addition to medical nutrition, the patient is prescribed drugs, diuretic herbs, adherence to work and rest. For some diseases diagnosed very early, diet is considered the only treatment.

Genitourinary diseases - an indication for adherence to a special diet, the purpose of which is to normalize the amount of purines in the body, as well as reduce the concentration of salts and uric acid.

Types of diseases of the genitourinary system

With pathology, the following organs are affected:

Kidneys,
Bladder,
Ureters,
Pelvic organs.

The infectious process can develop due to the introduction of fungi, viruses or bacteria into the body.

The following diseases of the urinary system are distinguished:

Urethritis. It is accompanied by discomfort and burning sensation during urination. Mucopurulent formations with an unpleasant odor are secreted from the urethra.
Balanoposthitis. A disease common in men. It is accompanied by itching and soreness of the genitals. The main cause of pathology is non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.
Prostatitis.Damage to the prostate gland. It proceeds against a background of weakness, discomfort in the perineum, pain in the lower abdomen and a weakened erection.
Vesiculitis.Inflammation of the seminal vesicles in men. The main symptoms of the disease: weakness, discomfort during urination, pain in the perineum and groin area.
Vaginitis.Lesion of the vaginal mucosa in women. The problem is accompanied by purulent discharge, itching and a feeling of irritation of the genitals (literally burning).
Orchoepidymitis. Inflammation of the testicles and their appendages. The affected areas swell and increase in size, which is accompanied by an increase in body temperature.
Cystitis. Pathology extending to the bladder. When urinating, patients feel a burning sensation and pain in the pubic area.
Pyelonephritis. Kidney damage. Most often it develops as a secondary disease when bacteria enter the kidneys from the bladder or urethra. The disease is accompanied by fever, symptoms of intoxication, and decreased appetite.

Basic diet rules for genitourinary diseases

In order for the treatment of genitourinary pathology to be effective, it is necessary to adhere to the basic rules of nutrition and drinking regimen.

The basic principles of a diet for genitourinary diseases:

It is important to drink plenty of fluids throughout the day. The fluid activates the entire urinary system and helps to cleanse the organs of toxins that are excreted in the urine.
You need to limit the amount of milk you drink as much as possible. Calcium contained in it can cause the formation of kidney stones, which aggravate the course of the underlying ailment.
Cut down on meat consumption.
Eliminate all foods containing oxalic acid from the diet - citrus fruits, strawberries, sorrel. This substance irritates the mucous membranes of the urinary organs.
Give up fatty and fried foods.
Give up salt completely. The product adversely affects metabolic processes in the body and slows down the withdrawal of fluid. In this case, the kidneys are under great stress, and the inflamed mucous membranes are severely irritated.
To stabilize the work of organs urination it is necessary to enrich the diet with vitamins B6 and A.
When treating pathology with diuretics with drugs, foods with a high content are introduced into the diet potassium - raisins, dried apricots, prunes, baked potatoes.
In the fight against genitourinary diseases it is recommended to arrange yourself fasting days, during which only vegetables and fruits are consumed.

What can you eat and drink for diseases of the genitourinary system?

Diet does not mean that you have to literally starve. The list of acceptable foods for people with diseases of the genitourinary system is quite diverse.

For genitourinary diseases, food and drinks are allowed:

In addition to the listed products, doctors and nutritionists are arguing about the possibility of using honey, after all, in some cases it can cause problems with bowel movements and urination, but at the same time honey has an anti-inflammatory and sedative effect.

What foods and drinks are strictly prohibited and harmful?

The main task of therapy is to prevent irritation of the mucous membranes of the genital organs and the urinary system, therefore, nutrition should be appropriate.

Exclude from the diet:

Smoked meats,pickles and spicy dishes.
Fried, pickled and canned food.
Fatty meats: pork, lamb.
Spicy vegetables: chili, radish, radish.
Some types of fruits: bananas, peaches, exotic foods (such as passion fruit), sour apples.
Some types of greenery: sorrel, parsley.
Spice.
Oils vegetable and animal origin.
Milk products, high in fat: cheese and sour cream.
Pasta.
Tomatoes.
Sauce dressings and mayonnaise.
Products containing GMOs.
Sugar.
Confectionery (except those allowed from the previous list).
Chocolateand chocolate drinks.
Citrusand their juice.
Strong teaand grain coffee, carbonated drinks.
Alcoholic drinks.

Diet in the stage of exacerbation and remission

Some foods that should not be consumed in the acute stage of genitourinary diseases are allowed in small quantities at the stage of remission.

The acute stage of the pathology is characterized by significant inflammation of the walls of the bladder or genitals, so the main goal at this stage is to remove as much of the waste products of bacteria and viruses as possible. During this period, the diet implies an increased amount of fluid intake - from 2 liters per day. When the temperature rises, this figure can be increased to 2.5 liters.

In the exacerbation stage, fruits and vegetables with a diuretic effect are useful - melons, watermelons, cucumbers, spinach, zucchini. For a while, you should stop using fermented milk products, especially cheeses. In case of urinary diseases, it is recommended to drink cranberry juice or compote - these berries contain substances that suppress the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms.

During the period of remission of the disease, there are no strict dietary restrictions - the main thing is to exclude smoked meats, pickles, fried foods and preservation. In small quantities, it is allowed to consume fermented milk products and cheeses with a low salt content. The drinking regimen during remission is up to 2 liters per day. Preference should be given to herbal teas, natural fruit drinks, fruit juices, compotes.

Experts attach great importance to the method of cooking. After all, the same dishes prepared in different ways differ significantly in the content of minerals, vitamins, salts and insoluble substances. In addition, the foods you eat should have the correct ratio of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. For this reason, doctors recommend that patients with urinary diseases introduce fresh berries, fruits and vegetables, wholemeal or bran bread, eggs into their diet.

All food must be fresh and natural.

Food preparation is carried out taking into account the following rules:

Vegetablessubject to minimal thermalprocessing.
Porridgewell boilto a slimy consistency.
The fruits are baked to reduce acid levels in them.

Menu for the week

Use your approved food lists and your healthcare provider's recommendations for your menu.

Monday:

Breakfast. Buckwheat porridge on water, low-fat cottage cheese, apple juice.
2nd breakfast. Lingonberry or cranberry jelly, rye bread.
Dinner. Soup with vegetables, boiled chicken breast, rosehip broth.
Afternoon snack. Ryazhenka or kefir.
Dinner. Fruits (apples or pears), kefir.

Tuesday:

Breakfast. Green apple, oatmeal, herbal tea.
2nd breakfast. Fruit juice, croutons or bread.
Dinner.Vegetable okroshka, baked potatoes, cranberry jelly.
Afternoon snack.Kefir or fermented baked milk.
Dinner.Dill omelet, rye bread, beetroot or carrot juice.

Wednesday:

Breakfast. Muesli with low-fat milk, berry juice.
2nd breakfast. Herbal tea, apple or pear.
Dinner.Soup with croutons, boiled veal, dried fruit compote.
Afternoon snack.Cranberry jelly, bread.
Dinner.Baked potatoes, boiled lean fish, fresh vegetable salad, kefir.

Thursday:

Breakfast. Berry puree, herbal tea.
2nd breakfast. Cottage cheese with dried fruits, apple juice.
Dinner.Soup with vegetables, boiled rice with fish, fresh vegetable salad.
Afternoon snack.Vegetable salad, apple juice, baked pear.
Dinner.Steam cutlets with stewed vegetables, kefir.

Friday:

Breakfast. Millet porridge with the addition of 1 tsp. sunflower oil, unsalted cheese, chamomile tea.
2nd breakfast. Berries, rosehip decoction.
Dinner.Soup with grits and chicken breast, casserole, cranberry juice.
Afternoon snack.Baked apple, bread, lingonberry jelly.
Dinner.Vegetable okroshka, steamed meatballs, herbal tea.

Saturday:

Breakfast. Oatmeal, herbal tea with the addition of 1 tsp. honey.
2nd breakfast. Cottage cheese with fruit, pomegranate juice.
Dinner.Low-fat fish soup, whole grain bread, carrot juice.
Afternoon snack.Apple compote, cottage cheese or casserole.
Dinner.Milk soup with rice, kefir.

Sunday:

Breakfast. Cottage cheese casserole with dried apricots, green tea.
2nd breakfast. Apple-carrot salad, cranberry jelly.
Dinner.Potato soup, stewed pumpkin, bread, vitamin tea.
Afternoon snack.Pear or kiwi, berry juice.
Dinner.Steamed fish, boiled rice, fermented baked milk.

Every week, one or another product can be replaced with another approved one so that the diet is as varied as possible. At the same time, it is important to monitor the reaction of the body - if the condition worsens, you must consult a doctor for adjusting the diet.

Therapy of genitourinary pathologies cannot occur without observing the rules of nutrition. Against the background of drug treatment, the diet will avoid complications and smooth out the clinical picture of the disease.

An indispensable factor affecting well-being and minimizing the risk of relapse is diet for kidney and urinary tract disease. Along with conservative treatment and physiotherapy, it is necessary to follow certain principles and dietary regimen both during an exacerbation and in remission.

What is the purpose of the diet

As it turned out, a certain table significantly affects the course of the disease and its treatment. Therefore, with diseases of various organ systems, in particular with diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, it is often recommended to adhere to a certain diet. When studying groups of patients who followed the diet and did not adhere to the diet, it was found that the recovery process in the first group was faster and more intensive than in those who did not attach importance to nutrition. Moreover, those who followed the principles of sparing nutrition were much less likely to have cases of relapses and complications.

The main goal of the dietary table is the balance of carbohydrate, water and fat metabolism, as a result of which exacerbations of kidney and urinary system diseases in general are reduced. With such violations, doctors recommend adhering to tables No. 6, 7 and 14.

The renal table (No. 7) is prescribed for:

acute and chronic pyelonephritis;
renal failure;
nephrotic syndrome.

ICD (urolithiasis);
gout.

The principles of diets are based on minimizing fatty foods, eliminating salty foods, moderate intake of proteins and carbohydrates, and increasing the daily fluid intake to activate kidney function.

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Kidney table number 7

Such a diet is prescribed for kidney diseases and is aimed at reducing edema and removing nitrogenous compounds from the body. The diet consists of frequent meals 4-5 times a day. It is necessary to eat food in small portions in compliance with the water regime (up to 1 liter of liquid per day, including soups).

Products are excluded:

salt;
meat broths;
fish products, including canned food;
any meat fried or stewed;
sausages and smoked products;
conservation;
cheeses;
chocolate and cocoa;
coffee and strong tea;
legumes;
carbonated drinks.

When compiling a diet, it is necessary to give preference to boiled low-fat varieties of veal, lamb, rabbit and turkey. Vegetarian soups and fresh vegetable salads are preferred. Fruit can be eaten fresh. Potatoes are allowed in any culinary treatment. From cereals it is worth eating rice, barley, pasta is also acceptable. Fish can be low-fat varieties boiled or baked without salt, from drinks - weak tea, juices, compotes.

Table number 6 and number 14

This table is recommended to reduce the formation of uric acid salts and alkaline urine in general. Food should be taken no more than 4 times a day. The liquid is consumed separately on an empty stomach or in between meals. The liquid in this case is not limited, on the contrary, it is advisable to drink more than 2 liters per day.

saturated meat and fish broths;
the insides of animals;
sausages;
salty types of cheeses;
legumes;
chocolate and cocoa products, incl. confectionery fats;
mushrooms;
strong tea and coffee.

It is advisable to use bakery products from flour 1 and 2 grade, lean meats (lamb, beef, turkey, rabbit, chicken fillet, lean pork), lean fish. Dairy products of any kind are allowed. You should limit the use of salt and eggs (no more than one per day). Cooking food can be anything, the only exceptions are fried foods using a large amount of oil.

Diet No. 14 is prescribed for urolithiasis and phosphatoturia (urine sediment). In this case, it is necessary to regulate the intake of calcium and drink plenty of fluids. The table is characterized by special requirements and restrictions, however, permitted types of products can be accepted in various culinary treatments.

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Excluded Products:

smoked meats;
salinity and preservation of any type;
milk products;
vegetables and potatoes;
fruit and vegetable juices.

Any fish and meat can be eaten, baked goods and pastries with a limited content of eggs and milk. Vegetables include peas and pumpkin in any form, mushroom dishes. Cereals are allowed without restrictions. From drinks, weak tea and coffee, rosehip broth.

Causes and types of kidney and urinary tract diseases
- An example of a daily diet for the treatment of diseases of the excretory system

Dysfunction of the kidneys and excretory system leads to an imbalance of the entire body. In particular, metabolic processes and waste fluid excretion are disrupted, water-salt balance and absorption of nutrients are destabilized. Therefore, one of the main stages of therapy is a special diet for diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.

The kidneys are one of the main control points of the human body. In addition to intrinsic secretory, hematopoietic, metabolic, ion-and osmoregulatory functions, they play an important role in cleansing the body, filtering and excreting fluid.

Disruption of the excretory system can be caused by:

weakened immunity;
hypothermia of the body and pelvic organs;
infectious diseases;
frequent stress;
unbalanced or improper diet;
alcohol and nicotine;
hereditary predisposition;
taking medicines.

The impact of these factors can provoke:

nephritis;
pyelitis;
pyelonephritis;
oxaluria;
hydronephrosis;
cystitis;
urolithiasis;
etc.

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Overview of Kidney and Urinary Tract Disorder

Therapy of problems with the organs of the excretory system, including those affecting the kidneys and urinary tract, requires an integrated approach, which includes:

drug treatment;
symptomatic therapy;
physiotherapy.

In addition, doctors appoint a dietary table, the purpose of which is:

unloading the urinary system;
cleansing the blood from metabolic by-products;
normalization of metabolic processes;
removal of edema;
lowering blood pressure;
stabilization of water-salt and hydroelectrolyte balance.

Back to the table of contents

Diet Tips for Kidney and Urinary Tract Disease

Based on the specifics of the functions of the excretory system, the correct diet is one of the key elements in the treatment of various diseases of the urinary tract and kidneys.

Modern medicine offers several types of dietary tables: No. 6, No. 7, No. 7 (A - D) and No. 14, used to treat ailments of the urinary system. They are prescribed depending on what type, form and stage of the disease take place, as well as on the characteristics of the development and course of the disease. In addition, the diet can be slightly modified in accordance with the individual characteristics and the patient's history.

For any therapeutic diet for diseases of the excretory system, the following is common:

protein restriction;
control over fluid intake;
salt restriction;
strict daily calorie intake.

In some cases, the limitation may affect oxalates (oxalic acid and its derivatives), urates (uric acid salts) and other chemical elements.

Restricting protein intake is a key aspect of the dietary regimen for diseases of the urinary system. This is due to the fact that the product of protein metabolism is nitrogenous compounds, with which diseased kidneys simply cannot cope. These formations accumulate in the blood and can provoke severe intoxication. In especially difficult cases of the disease, a protein-free diet can be prescribed. Diet should be supervised by a doctor. The maximum duration of the diet is 14 days.

When protein intake is limited, the calorie content of the daily food volume decreases. In addition to the fact that a decrease in the energy value of dishes is fraught with poor health and a negative effect on metabolic processes, the low calorie content of dishes consisting of fats and carbohydrates can provoke the breakdown of proteins stored by the body "in reserve", which will lead to the formation of nitrogenous compounds.

Salt is a natural sorbent. Therefore, limiting or prohibiting the use of salt is a preventive measure that prevents the development of puffiness and stagnation of fluid in the body. During the treatment of diseases of the urinary system, the daily rate of fluid is reduced to 1.5 liters of pure non-carbonated drinking unsalted water.

These restrictions imply that any therapeutic diet must necessarily include a list of prohibited and acceptable foods, the method of processing them and the allowed serving size. And if the list of useful foods varies depending on numerous factors, then doctors are unanimous in their approach to the question of what food is unacceptable to eat during the treatment of the excretory system. It:

fatty meats;
sea \u200b\u200bfish;
fish and / or mushroom broths;
smoking, sausages, canned food;
beans, beans, peas;
soy and by-products from it;
sorrel, spinach;
garlic and onions;
radish;
salty cheeses;
fast food and fast food products;
seasonings and spices that add spice;
cocoa and its derivatives (including chocolate).

Generally, dietary therapy should be based on products with diuretic properties. In this case, you need to cook them without adding salt. The daily intake of beneficial nutrients during the treatment of urinary tract and kidney problems includes:

70-80 g of protein;
70-80 g fat;
400-500 g of complex carbohydrates.

The average calorie content should be equal to 2800-3000 kcal.

The restoration of the relative balance in metabolic processes and the relief of pathological conditions in diseases of the excretory system will be facilitated by a diet, which includes:

salt-free baked goods and rusks;
vegetarian cuisine;
light vegetable soups;
lean meats and river fish;
steamed vegetables and dishes from the specified meats;
vegetable and meat stewing;
durum wheat pasta;
cereal dishes;
dairy products;
baked apples;
dried fruits;
fruit drinks, jelly, fruit juices;
decoctions of medicinal herbs.

Diet for kidney and urinary tract disease is a prerequisite for a positive result of treatment prescribed by a doctor. If the patient does not follow the principles of proper nutrition, his treatment can take quite a long time. In addition, maintaining a habit of unhealthy foods and foods that overload the urinary system is guaranteed to lead to recurrent kidney problems.

There are many types of kidney disease. It is difficult to create a unique diet for each individual case, therefore, the rules of proper nutrition for various renal diseases are very often similar.

Doctors and specialists have combined the basic principles of the menu for those who suffer from kidney ailments.

The diet involves the exclusion of extractives from the human diet. The most striking example of such compounds is rich meat broth. Foods like these put an excessive strain on the kidneys and negatively affect their filtration capacity. To minimize harm, it is necessary to pour out the first broth and eat only the second. Other advantages of power supply for this system are:

anti-inflammatory effect. Due to the exclusion of spicy foods, smoked meats, pickled foods from the diet, the kidneys do not experience excessive stress, and the kidney tubules are not irritated;
liberation of the body from toxins. Sick kidneys do not cope well with their filtration functions, because of this, under-oxidized decomposition products of nitrous acid begin to accumulate in the body. If the patient adheres to a diet, then he will facilitate the work of the kidneys and protect the body from toxins;
enrichment of the body with vitamins and useful microelements. When a person begins to adhere to the rules of a healthy diet, the body receives much more nutrients than usual. The diet becomes balanced and truly fortified.

Table number 7 can not be called too strict and limited diet, so its observance will not be difficult. The list of products is quite extensive, so it is very easy to create a varied menu.

Allowed Products

The list of allowed products in the menu of table 7 includes a fairly large number of different products. Thanks to this, even if you follow a diet for a long period of time, the human body will not experience a deficiency of nutrients.

Name	Menu Description
Bakery products	It is best to eat homemade bread without added yeast or salt.
First meal	In the acute period of the disease, it is recommended to cook meat-free soups. It is best to cook vegetable soup with cereals or pasta. If the dish is too bland, then it is allowed to add a little butter, lemon juice and dried herbs.
Fish	At first, low-fat varieties should be preferred. The fish is steamed or baked. It goes well with lemon juice and various dried herbs. The main thing is to choose natural seasonings without adding salt and pepper.
Fruits and berries	Fruits are used both raw and in the form of various desserts. For example, jellies, mousses, jams and fruit purees. Preference should be given to moderately sweet and sour foods, as excessive acid content can change the Ph urine and provoke the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
Vegetables	Vegetables are best consumed fresh, boiled or baked. It is better to give up fried food for a while. Do not overuse cabbage and legumes, as they provoke bloating, which negatively affects the circulation of the urinary system.
Pasta	Dishes are best prepared from durum wheat, as they are better absorbed by the body.
Beverages	Black tea, decoctions, natural fruit and berry juices should not be too concentrated and acidic.

For the first few weeks of kidney and urinary tract treatment, meat should be discarded in any form. If the delivery of interim tests shows that it gave positive results, it is allowed to gradually introduce meat dishes into the diet. They should be steamed, in the oven, or boiled meat.

The following foods are considered harmful to the kidneys:

sparkling water and sweet carbonated drinks;
black bread;
home preservation, containing a large amount of salt;
fatty meat broths;
smoked products;
canned food;
pickled vegetables and various fermentation products;
mushrooms and legumes (in moderation);
chocolate and any sweets;
strong coffee.

At first, such restrictions may seem excessive to a person. However, the elimination of these foods is extremely important for normal kidney function. By the way, you will have to stop drinking alcohol and beer. They overload the entire urinary system, and also provoke the leaching of important trace elements from the body.

With diseases of the urinary system, the patient's menu may look like this:

8.00 Breakfast:

salad of boiled vegetables seasoned with sour cream - 150 g;
cottage cheese 5% - 200 g;
toasted bread - 1 slice;
rosehip broth - 250 ml.

11.00 Light snack:

omelet without salt and pepper from two steamed eggs with the addition of a small amount of milk - 100 g;
buckwheat porridge with a small piece of butter - 100 g;
natural juice - 200 ml.

13.00-13.30 Lunch:

soup with vegetable broth - 200 g;
boiled meat (chicken or beef) –100 g;
baked potatoes in skins or boiled in their skins –100 g;
jelly -200 ml.

16.30 Afternoon snack:

durum wheat pasta -150 g;
a few pieces of cheese allowed in accordance with the diet - 30 g;
baked apple - 70 g;
curdled milk - 200 ml.

rice cutlets with steamed vegetables - 200 g;
dried fruits - 50 g;
jelly - 200 ml.

1-2 hours before bedtime, you can drink a glass of kefir. If, after consuming kefir, the patient has frequent urge to urinate, then it is better not to load the kidneys at night.

Another menu option for the day:

8.00 Breakfast:

salad "Vinaigrette" - 150 g;
cottage cheese 5% with sour cream - 100 g;
toasted bread with butter - 1 slice;
weak black tea - 200 ml.

11.00 Second breakfast:

natural drinking yoghurt without dyes and additives - 200 ml;
grain bread toast - 50 g;
natural juice - 200 ml.

13.00-13.30 Lunch:

lean boiled meat;
vegetables baked in the oven or steamed;
lettuce leaves;
rosehip broth - 200 ml.

16.30 Afternoon snack:

fruit salad or homemade fruit and berry dessert in the form of mousse, pudding or jelly;
oatmeal cookies - 3 pcs.

fish fillet baked in foil - 100 g;
vegetable side dish - 150 g;
kefir 1% fat - 200 ml.

Another great breakfast option is oatmeal with dried fruit. It is recommended to alternate it with other cereals, since daily use of oatmeal worsens the absorption of calcium in the body.

Diet for kidney and urinary tract diseases helps the patient to feel better by reducing the burden on the diseased kidneys. Often there is a situation when, after improving health, a person quits the diet and begins to eat in his usual way.

This behavior will immediately lead to a recurrence of the urinary tract disease.

During the diet, you should avoid eating spicy, pickled and smoked foods. To prevent the food from looking tasteless and bland, you can add a little dried dill, cinnamon or cumin.

When diagnosing pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis or other infectious and inflammatory diseases, you should completely abandon salt and products containing it. In other cases, it is allowed to consume no more than 5 g of salt per day.

Due to the mild diuretic effect, excess moisture is removed from the body, and it becomes easier for the kidneys to work. Recommended foods include:

pumpkin;
cucumbers;
zucchini;
beet dishes;
raw vegetables in the form of salads, seasoned with a small amount of vegetable or olive oil;
leafy salads;
fruits and berries. Watermelons, melons, apricots have a very good diuretic effect;
dried fruits. It is recommended to eat several prunes, dried apricots, raisins per day.

You should also not abuse such products, so as not to overload the kidneys. It is best to consult with your healthcare professional in advance about nutritional issues, so as not to provoke a deterioration in well-being.

Eating small meals up to 6 times a day, a person facilitates the work of the urinary system. If fractional meals are supplemented with the use of a sufficient amount of liquid per day (approximately 1-1.2 liters of pure water + soups and fruits), this will allow to remove pathogens and their waste products from the kidneys, which negatively affect the patient's well-being. There is also a mechanical cleansing of the paired organs.

The patient must understand that dietary restrictions and the use of dishes included in the list of the menu of table No. 7 can take several months or even a year. Remember that problems in the functioning of the organs of the urinary system arose long before the first symptoms of the disease appeared. The disease could pass latently for some time, so it will also take some time to get rid of it.

Distinctive features of diets depending on diseases