GOST R 51115-97
Group G88
STATE STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
FIRE EQUIPMENT.
FIRE MOUNTS
General technical requirements. Test Methods
fire equipment.
fire turntable monitors.
general technical requirements. test methods*
______________
* Revised edition, Rev. N 1 .
OKS 13 220 10*
OKP 48 5482
_____________
* Revised edition, Rev. N 1 .
Introduction date 1999-01-01
Foreword
1 DEVELOPED by the Technical Committee for Standardization MTK 274/643 "Fire Safety"
INTRODUCED by Gosstandart of Russia
2 ADOPTED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Standard of Russia dated December 25, 1997 N 425
3 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
INTRODUCED Amendment N 1, approved and put into effect by the Order of Rosstandart dated 12/09/2013 N 2212-st from 09/01/2014
Change No. 1 was made by the database manufacturer according to the text of IUS No. 5, 2014
1 AREA OF USE
1 AREA OF USE
This standard applies to fire monitors* (water-foam) designed to form solid or continuous jets of water sprayed with a variable flame angle, as well as jets of air-mechanical low expansion foam when extinguishing fires. Reliable and stable operation of the barrels is ensured at ambient temperatures from minus 40° to plus 40°.
The requirements set out in this standard are mandatory.
_____________
* Change N 1 throughout the text of the standard excluded the word: "combined", hereinafter. - Database manufacturer's note.
2 REGULATORY REFERENCES
This standard uses references to the following standards:
GOST 9.014-78 ESZKS. Temporary anticorrosive protection of products. General requirements
GOST 9.032-74 ESZKS. Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations
GOST 9.306-85 ESZKS. Metallic and non-metallic organic coatings. Notation
GOST 12.2.033-78 OSBT. Workplace when performing work while standing. General ergonomic requirements
GOST 12.2.037-78 SSBT. Fire fighting equipment. Safety requirements
GOST R 27.403-2009 Reliability in engineering. Test plans to monitor the probability of failure-free operation
GOST 166-89 Calipers. Specifications
GOST 427-75 Measuring metal rulers. Specifications
GOST 1583-93 Cast aluminum alloys. Specifications
GOST 2789-73 Surface roughness. Parameters and characteristics
GOST 2991-85 Non-separable plank boxes for loads weighing up to 500 kg. General specifications
GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Specifications
GOST 13837-79 General purpose dynamometers. Specifications
GOST 14192-96 Marking of goods
GOST 15150-69 Machinery, instruments and other technical products. Execution for various climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of environmental climatic factors
GOST 21752-76 Man-machine system. Flywheels and steering wheels. General ergonomic requirements
GOST 21753-76 Man-machine system. Control levers. General ergonomic requirements
GOST 24634-81 Wooden boxes for products supplied for export. General specifications
GOST R 50588-2012 Foam agents for fire extinguishing. General technical requirements and test methods
GOST R 53464-2009 Castings from metals and alloys. Dimensional, mass and machining allowances
GOST R 54808-2011 Pipe fittings. Valve tightness standards
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
3 DEFINITIONS
3.1 The following term is used in this standard, with a corresponding definition:
3.1.1 cycle: Full opening and closing of the barrel with a time delay of 30 s in the positions "Solid" and "Atomized" jets of water at operating pressure for barrels of a universal type or connection - disconnection of water for barrels that form only a continuous jet, as well as movement of the barrel in the vertical and horizontal planes from stop to stop with a time delay in the extreme positions of 30 s.
4 CLASSIFICATION
Fire monitors are divided into the following types:
C - stationary, mounted on a fire truck, watercraft, etc. or installed on a specially equipped site;
B - transportable, mounted on a trailer;
P - portable.
Depending on the functionality of the trunks are divided into:
R - robotic: automatic means mounted on a fixed base, consisting of a fire nozzle with several degrees of mobility, equipped with a drive system and a program control device.
U - universal, forming a continuous and sprayed water jet with a variable angle of the torch, as well as a jet of air-mechanical foam, overlapping, having a variable flow rate.
Depending on the type of control, it is allowed to manufacture barrels with manual (without index) or remote (D) control. In the designation, the index is set after the letters LS.
An example of a symbol for a remote-controlled fire monitor D, stationary C with a water flow rate of up to 40 l / s, universal U:
LSD-S40U GOST R 51115-97
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
5 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
5.1 Characteristics
5.1.1 The parameters of the purpose of the trunks must correspond to the values \u200b\u200bspecified in the table.
Parameter name | Standard value for shafts with nominal flow |
|||
from 20 l/s (incl.) to 40 l/s | from 40 l/s (incl.) to 60 l/s | from 60 l/s (incl.) to 100 l/s | from 100 l/s (incl.) |
|
1 Operating pressure range, MPa | ||||
2 Water consumption, l/s, not less than | ||||
3 Consumption of an aqueous solution of a foaming agent, l/s, not less than | ||||
4 Jet range (by extreme drops), m, not less than: | ||||
Water solid | ||||
Foam solid | ||||
Foam flat (when the deflector is closed and the jet angle is at least 30°) | ||||
Water atomized (at a torch angle of 30°)* | ||||
5 Foam ratio, not less | ||||
6 Spray jet angle range* | ||||
7 Movement of the trunk in the horizontal plane, not less than** | ||||
8 Movement of the stem in the vertical plane, not less than: | ||||
* For universal type barrels. ** For fire monitors, the angles of rotation may be limited by the structural elements of the barrel, as well as the structures of a fire truck, water craft, trailer, etc., which should be reflected in regulatory documents. |
||||
Notes 1 Jet ranges are given at an angle of inclination of the barrel to the horizon of 30°, installed in the working position. 2 The values in points 2-5 are indicated at a pressure of 0.8 MPa. 3 The main functional indicators (flow rate and range of the fire extinguishing agent jet) of fire nozzles, depending on their type and classification, should not be worse than the typical (nominal) values established by the manufacturer. |
||||
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
5.1.2 Barrels must comply with the following reliability indicators:
gamma percentage (-90%) full service life - at least 10 years;
gamma percentage (- 90%) shelf life - at least 1 year;
the probability of failure-free operation per cycle is not less than 0.993.
5.1.3 The design of the shaft should provide:
- obtaining a flat, without clearly marked furrows, the surface of a continuous water jet (for trunks that form only a continuous jet);
- stepless change in the type of jet from solid to sprayed with a uniform distribution of liquid along the contour of the spray torch, a discrete change in the flow rate of the liquid (for trunks of a universal type) with a continuous supply of water;
- strength and density (without foam nozzle) at a hydraulic pressure 1.5 times higher than the working one, the tightness of the joints - at the working pressure; at the same time, the appearance of traces of moisture in the form of drops on the outer surfaces of the parts and leakage at the joints is not allowed;
- fixing the position of the barrel at a given angle in the vertical plane;
- free (without jamming) switching of operating modes of the barrel, as well as barrel control;
- tightness of the blocking (switching) device (if any) at operating pressure in accordance with GOST 9544, class 2;
- the ability to remotely control the mechanisms for turning the barrel in the horizontal and vertical planes from a hydraulic drive (oil pressure in the hydraulic system is 6-10 MPa) or an electric drive (powered from the vehicle's on-board network 12 or 24 V);
- manual duplication of remote control of the barrel (when it is turned off);
- when switching from manual to remote control of the barrel, the exclusion of the possibility of manual control when the hydraulic or electric drive is running.
Safety requirements for the design of shafts in accordance with GOST 12.2.037.
5.1.4 In the electrical circuits of the remote control of the barrel and the power supply of the base chassis, the balance of the power of the power sources with the maximum number of connected consumers must be ensured.
5.1.5 The electrical equipment for the remote control of the barrel must be protected from moisture or made in a moisture-dustproof design.
5.1.6 The barrel controls must be located within the reach of the operator, taking into account the requirements of GOST 12.2.033.
The forces on the controls should not exceed the values provided for by GOST 21752 and GOST 21753.
5.1.7 (Deleted, Rev. N 1).
5.1.8 The intake pipes of portable shafts should be equipped with check valves.
5.1.9 The technology for manufacturing a barrel of one type should ensure complete interchangeability of its assembly units and parts.
5.1.10 Cast parts of barrels should be made of aluminum alloys in accordance with GOST 1583.
It is allowed to use other materials with mechanical and anti-corrosion properties that meet the operating conditions, do not impair the quality and reliability of the barrels and meet the requirements for them.
5.1.11 The maximum deviations of the dimensions of the castings should not exceed the standards provided for the 7th accuracy class in accordance with GOST 26645.
5.1.12 On the surfaces of parts, mechanical damage, cracks, foreign inclusions and other defects that reduce strength and tightness or worsen appearance, as well as shells, the length of which exceeds 3 mm and a depth of 25% of the wall thickness of the part, are not allowed.
Sinks are not allowed on the flowing surfaces of outlet openings.
5.1.13 Welding of shells in cast parts is allowed, while the places of welding must be cleaned flush with the main surface.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
5.1.14 The roughness of the inner surface of the nozzle outlet should be no more than 2.5 microns in accordance with GOST 2789.
5.1.15 Tightening and locking of all fasteners must prevent their self-unscrewing during operation.
5.1.16 The type and quality of protective metal and paint coatings must comply with the requirements of GOST 9.306, GOST 9.032 and other regulatory documents.
5.1.17 The materials of the barrel parts must ensure its operability when operating on water and aqueous solutions of foam concentrates.
5.1.18 Paints and varnishes and protective coatings must be resistant to detergents and lubricants used.
5.1.19 Climatic modification of shafts (according to GOST 15150) must correspond to the environment of their use.
5.1.20 Shafts intended for operation with sea water must be made of materials with corrosion resistance to sea water (OM version, category 1 according to GOST 15150).
5.1.19, 5.1.20 (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
5.1.21 The mass of the barrel must not exceed the values specified by the manufacturer.
(Introduced additionally, Rev. N 1).
5.2 Requirements for raw materials, materials, purchased products
5.2.1 The materials used and components (purchased) products must comply with regulatory documents.
5.2.2 It is allowed to replace materials and components with others, the technical characteristics of which are not inferior to those specified.
5.3 Completeness
The scope of delivery of the barrel should include:
- barrel with accessories;
- Passport combined with technical description and operating instructions;
- operational documentation for components;
- remote control, block and box of control levers (for trunks with electric remote control);
- valve with hydraulic drive (for shafts with remote control hydraulic drive);
- Spare parts.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
5.4 A sign must be affixed in a conspicuous place containing the following information:
- name or trademark of the manufacturer;
- conditional designation of the trunk;
- operating pressure;
- designation of the normative document;
- identification number according to the system adopted by the manufacturer (if any);
- year of manufacture of the barrel.
The barrel (and accessory nozzles, if necessary) should be marked with symbols indicating the switching directions and the positions of the controls for all provided modes of barrel operation (water supply, foam supply, and also for universal-type barrels - change in flow rate, supply of a continuous or sprayed jet of water , opening - closing).
The material of the plate and the method of marking shall ensure its safety during the service life specified by the manufacturer.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
5.5 Packaging
5.5.1 Before packing, the barrel and spare parts must be cleaned. The internal cavities of the trunk must be drained.
5.5.2 The barrel must be mothballed in accordance with GOST 9.014, protection option VZ-1, VZ-2. The conservation period is 3 years.
5.5.3 After conservation, all barrel openings must be plugged, the barrel must be wrapped in wrapping paper and packed in containers in accordance with GOST 2991, GOST 24634.
It is allowed, in agreement with the consumer, to transport barrels without packaging, ensuring their safety from mechanical damage and precipitation.
5.5.4 Accompanying documents must be placed in a moisture-proof bag and enclosed in a container with the indication "Documents here".
5.5.5 The container must be marked in accordance with the requirements of GOST 14192.
5.5.6 Packing must be carried out in such a way as to exclude the movement of goods in containers during loading, transportation and unloading.
5.5.7 Transportation of barrels should be carried out in standard packaging by any means of transport in accordance with the rules applicable to this type of transport.
5.5.8 Storage of barrels should be carried out in a package, and it should correspond to a category not lower than Zh2 according to GOST 15150.
6 ACCEPTANCE RULES
6.1 Parts, assembly units and the barrel as a whole must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control service in accordance with the requirements of this standard, drawings, technological process and control cards.
6.2 To verify the product's compliance with the requirements of this standard, the manufacturer must conduct acceptance, periodic, type, conformity assessment tests, as well as reliability tests.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
6.3 During acceptance tests, each barrel is checked for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.3 (except for the 1st paragraph), 5.1.12, 5.1.13, 5.1.15, 5.1.16 and subsections 5.3-5.5.
6.4 Periodic tests of barrels are carried out in order to verify their compliance with all the requirements of this standard (except 5.1.2, 5.1.9). The tests are carried out on barrels from among those manufactured in the controlled period that have passed the acceptance tests. Deliberate selection or additional preparation of stems, not provided for by the manufacturing technology, is not allowed.
The frequency of testing trunks of the same size should be:
with an annual release of 1-10 pcs. - one in 3 years;
with an annual production of 11-50 pcs. - one in 2 years;
with an annual output of 51 or more pieces. - one per year.
If the test results are positive, the quality of the barrels produced during the control period is considered confirmed, as well as the possibility of their further production and acceptance according to the same documentation until the results of the next periodic tests are received.
In case of negative test results, the production of barrels must be suspended until the causes of defects are identified, eliminated and positive results of repeated tests are obtained.
6.5 Type tests should be carried out when making changes to the design or manufacturing technology or replacing materials that can change the parameters of the barrel or reliability indicators in order to verify that its parameters and characteristics comply with the requirements of the manufacturer's regulatory document.
If the results of type tests are positive, changes are made to the regulatory document of the manufacturer in the prescribed manner.
6.6 Conformity assessment tests are carried out for compliance with the requirements of this standard (except 5.1.2, 5.1.9) and other regulatory documents. Tests are subjected to at least two trunks.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
6.7 Reliability tests (5.1.2) are carried out every three years (with an annual output of more than 3 pieces). Tests are carried out on a trunk selected by random selection from among those that have passed acceptance tests. Deliberate selection or additional preparation of the trunk, not provided for by the manufacturing technology, is not allowed.
6.8 For each type of test, protocols and an act are drawn up, which indicate the compliance or non-compliance of the products with the specified requirements.
7 TEST METHODS
7.1 Test equipment (stands, devices) used during testing must be metrologically certified.
7.2 When testing, it is allowed to use measuring instruments that are not specified in this standard, provided that they provide the required measurement accuracy.
7.3 Tests should be carried out under normal climatic conditions in the operating temperature range of shafts and wind speed not exceeding 3 m s.
7.4 To measure the pressure in front of the barrel, pressure gauges with an accuracy class of at least 0.6 should be used. Pressure gauges must be selected so that during testing the pressure value is in the middle third of the scale, and the maximum possible pressure does not exceed the measurement limit.
Directly upstream of the pressure gauge (on the connecting line between the pressure tap and the pressure gauge) a three-way cock must be installed to purge the pressure measuring line.
To reduce the fluctuations of the arrow of the device, a damper (a plug with a small diameter hole) must be installed in front of it.
7.5 Shafts are checked for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.12, 5.1.13, 5.1.15, 5.1.16, 5.4.1, 5.4.2 visually.
7.6 Checking the flow rate of water (an aqueous solution of a foaming agent) for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.1 (table, paragraphs 2, 3) is used at operating pressure.
Flow measurement should be carried out using flow measuring devices or instruments with an error of no more than 4% of the upper limit of flow measurement. It is allowed to use the volumetric (weight) method, which determines the volume (mass) of the liquid pumped over a certain time, with subsequent conversion to the liquid flow rate.
Time should be measured with a mechanical or electronic stopwatch with a scale division value of not more than 0.2 s.
7.7 When determining the range of water and foam jets for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.1 (table, paragraph 4), the barrel is installed on the test site at an inclination angle of 30 ° to the horizon. In this case, a jet of fire extinguishing liquid is directed downwind.
Wind speed is determined using a vane anemometer.
The range (maximum at the extreme drops) of the jets is measured from the projection of the nozzle of the barrel onto the test site, using a metal tape measure GOST 7502.
The range of the sprayed jet is determined in the position at which the angle of the jet torch is 30°.
7.8 The angle of the spray jet flame for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.1 (table, paragraph 6) is checked by photographing the flame, followed by measuring the angle between straight lines drawn along the extreme drops in the photograph, with a protractor or in another way.
Measurements of angles are carried out with a goniometer or other method, including trigonometric calculations with an accuracy of 1 °.
7.9 When checking the multiplicity of air-mechanical foam for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.1 (table, paragraph 5), use the equipment and test methodology in accordance with GOST R 50588.
When testing, the foam jet is directed into a measuring container with a volume of at least 100 l, installed at the outlet of the jet. Tank filling time - from 5 to 7 s.
Using a ruler with a measurement limit of 100 cm, determine the height of the foam layer with an error of not more than 1 cm.
7.10 Checking the movement of the shaft for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.1 (table, paragraphs 7, 8) is carried out when it is installed on a horizontal platform.
The maximum angle of rotation of the trunk in the horizontal plane is measured from one extreme position to another.
The maximum angle of rotation of the barrel in the vertical plane is measured from a position in which the axis of the barrel is perpendicular to the axis of the inlet pipe.
Manually or using a remote control (if any) rotate the barrel in a horizontal or vertical plane from lock to lock.
Angles are measured using an optical quadrant with a measurement limit of ±120° and a measurement error of ±30".
7.11 Checking the force on the control handles for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.6 is carried out when water is supplied to the barrel at operating pressure. Measurements are carried out using a dynamometer. In this case, the dynamometer is alternately attached to the control handles in the place where the force is applied by hand. When measuring, the axis of application of the forces of the dynamometer must be perpendicular to the handles.
To determine the force applied to the controls, a dynamometer should be used according to GOST 13837, the second accuracy class with a measurement range of 0.02 to 0.20 kN.
7.6-7.11 (Changed edition, Rev. No. 1).
7.12 Indicators of the full service life and shelf life 5.1.2 are controlled in accordance with the following initial data:
- confidence probability - 0.9;
- regulated probability - 0.9;
- acceptance number of limit states - 0;
- acceptance number of failures - 0;
- the number of tested trunks - 10.
The shelf life is checked on trunks that have been stored for at least 1 year.
The service life check should be carried out by processing data obtained under operating conditions by collecting information in accordance with.
7.13 The indicator of the probability of failure-free operation according to 5.1.2 is controlled in accordance with GOST 27.410 by a single-stage method with the following initial data:
- manufacturer's risk - 0.1;
- consumer risk - 0.1;
- acceptance level - 0.999;
- rejection level - 0.993;
- number of cycles - 554;
- acceptance number of failures - 0.
Checking the indicator of the probability of no-failure operation is carried out at operating pressure by operating cycles.
The failure criterion should be considered as a breakage of the barrel parts, a violation of the tightness of the joints, as well as an increase in water leakage through the blocking (switching) device (if any).
Control is carried out every 100 cycles.
7.14 Checking the strength and density of the body of the barrel and the tightness of the joints for compliance with the requirements of 5.1.3 is carried out with the blocking device open and the outlet hole plugged. The tightness of the blocking device is checked with its closed position. Holding time under pressure - not less than 2 minutes.
7.13, 7.14 (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
7.15 Mass should be measured on a balance with an accuracy of 2%.
7.16 Dimensions should be measured with a metal ruler (GOST 427) with a division value of 1 mm and a caliper (GOST 166) with a division value of 0.1 mm.
7.17 Checking the interchangeability of parts is carried out by mutual rearrangement of parts and assembly units on two trunks of the same standard size. Fitting parts is not allowed.
7.18 The results of periodic tests and reliability tests are documented in an act and test reports, which should contain:
- date and place of testing;
- name of the barrel type and its serial number;
- type and conditions of testing;
- diagram, brief description and characteristics of the test facility;
- data on measuring instruments, instrument numbers;
- test results.
APPENDIX A (informative). Bibliography
APPENDIX A
(reference)
RD 50-204-87 Guidelines. Reliability in technology. Collection and processing of information about the reliability of products in operation. Key points *
RD 50-204-87 Guidelines. Reliability in technology. Methods for assessing reliability indicators based on experimental data*
____________
* Text according to the original. - Database manufacturer's note.
The text of the document is verified by:
official publication
M.: IPK Standards Publishing House, 1998
Revision of the document, taking into account
changes and additions prepared
JSC "Kodeks"
Not many people understand the difference between a fire monitor and a simple fire fighter's hand gun. When it is necessary to introduce forces and means to extinguish a fire using large amounts of water, and at the same time also pointwise, this type of fire-technical equipment is most often used in divisions.
Consider the main modifications.
You can study the detailed characteristics of fire monitors by clicking on the link on the website of the manufacturer of this type of equipment: http://lafet01.ru, the project presents most of the modern models.
Stationary
(major modifications)
From the name, it immediately becomes clear that the equipment is fixed on a platform or on the roof of a fire truck. The supply of water or water-foam solution through the device is carried out using manual control by the operator. Modifications provide for the possibility of splitting the jet into continuous and sprayed, or a combined method of supplying extinguishing agents. There are models that are able to create a water curtain for the barrelman.
Pros:
- high intensity of supply of fire extinguishing agents;
- no scavenger required
Minuses:
- not mobile;
- difficult to maintain.
The main modifications differ only in characteristics. Let's analyze the abbreviation with an example fire monitor LS-S20Uze.
The letters have the following meaning:
- LS - fire monitor barrel,
- C - stationary,
- 20 - consumption of fire extinguishing agent in HP,
- Y - the ability to form different jets of OM supply, that is, universal.
- SE - the ability to create a protective screen.
There are modifications with adjustable supply of fire extinguishing agent. This is usually indicated by the manufacturer in the model name, as well as a flow rate of up to 100 liters per second.
Design
1. Support structure;
2. Barrel body;
2. Nozzles;
4. Inlet pipe mounted on the supporting structure;
5. Outlet pipe;
6. Hinge;
7. Fixing device;
8. Handle.
Portable
Portable drugs are distinguished by their mobility, and the ability to supply agents where specialized equipment cannot pass. Back in the days of the USSR, the most popular model was the PLS-P20, which are still used by the firefighters of our country, progress is changing, and soon we will no longer see its use on fire.
Modern portable fire monitors have such modifications as: Fire monitor LS-P20Uze. The designation of letters is similar to the example written above, but with one clarification. In this case, the letter "P" stands for portable.
There are almost no changes in design features, a device of this type includes:
- barrel body;
- pressure pipes;
- receiving body with a half-nut;
- retainer;
- handles for controlling the mechanism;
- platform (base).
Pros:
- mobile;
- light weight;
- easier to maintain.
Minuses:
- time of filing, deployment and installation of the trunk;
- site selection for installation;
- under high pressure, instability is possible.
Despite some disadvantages, most firefighters give more preference to this type of fire-technical equipment than to stationary drugs, since the possibilities for supplying fire extinguishing agents are more effective.
Stationary with remote control
Modifications of trunks with the designation of remote control in a simpler language, with remote control. This type of fire protection equipment is used at strategically important facilities, industrial enterprises. They have proven themselves especially well at serving oil rigs, as well as oil refining bases. The use of a fire monitor with remote control is caused by a direct threat to personnel.
The design is similar to that of a stationary LS, but with a control unit and a mechanism that sets the barrel in motion.
The device management process is very simple. The operator can change the type of jet, the angle of inclination, flow rate, as well as the direction of the barrel itself using a radio channel or cable line, thereby eliminating the impact of fire hazards.
The main models on the market have the designation: LSD-S20U (water flow from 20 to 60 liters per second.)
Pros:
- no scavenger required.
Minuses:
- price;
- difficult to maintain;
- not mobile.
robotic
In other words, Robotic - the purpose is similar to remote-controlled drugs. In the world more and more preferences are given to such modern equipment. As previously mentioned, this type of fire extinguishing equipment is simply necessary when extinguishing fires with a great risk for the personnel of the units.
Remote control and monitoring of the situation, these are the main advantages over standard fire monitors. It is worth noting that the equipment market changes every code and more and more advanced models equipped with video cameras, thermal, infrared sensors and other innovations appear. Many models presented for sale have explosion protection, not to mention dust and moisture resistance.
The main task of the application: localization and elimination of a fire in the size that it took before the introduction of extinguishing agents. Specialized software, with the help of which the equipment is configured, allows you to determine the necessary parameters in each case for extinguishing.
As with younger brothers, water and foam are used to extinguish. It is capable of extinguishing both automatically and manually up to 15 thousand square meters, depending on the intensity of the supply of fire extinguishing agent, according to the commands given by the operator. The design of such a shaft is regulated by established standards in accordance with GOST.
Applies to objects:
- warehouses;
- chemical and oil industry;
- in seaports;
- at other critical facilities.
Pros:
- protection of personnel from OFP;
- high efficiency;
- high intensity of supply of fire extinguishing agents;
- no launcher required;
- wide range of applications.
Minuses:
- price;
- difficult to maintain.
In an emergency, much depends on the skills and abilities of people involved in extinguishing fires. Elimination of fire must be carried out quickly, smoothly and most importantly - effectively. That is why each piece of special equipment must meet all technical requirements, as well as be carefully checked and prepared.
The main criteria that must be met (performance characteristics, hereinafter referred to as the performance characteristics of fire monitors) are set out in the tables of special GOSTs, which are developed for almost every model. Types and performance characteristics of fire monitors can also be found on the page of each specific product on our website. There is no universal standard due to the fact that all models differ in performance, jet range, size, type, etc.
Technical characteristics of fire monitors mainly relate to the following parameters:
- pressure (nominal and working);
- flow rate of water or foam at nominal pressure;
- foam ratio;
- jet range by extreme drops (solid water, sprayed water, continuous foam);
- barrel movement (horizontally and vertically);
- angular velocity of rotation of the barrel (horizontally and vertically);
- climatic performance;
- power supply voltage;
- dimensions and weight.
Fire monitor consumption
This is one of the determining parameters when choosing a model, since it characterizes the power of the product and allows you to predict its effectiveness for extinguishing a fire of one degree or another. The water flow rate of the fire monitor is usually indicated in the name, the number indicates the number of liters per second. For example, in the model this figure is 40 l / s.
Working pressure of fire monitors
The water supply to the fire monitor occurs under a certain hydraulic pressure. For most models, a pressure of 0.6 - 0.8 MPa is considered to be working.
Fire monitor nozzles
An important element in the design of the fire monitor is the nozzle. It can be removable, reclining and non-removable. Replaceable water and air-foam nozzles allow you to use different types of extinguishing agent. The diameter of the nozzle affects the consumption of the fire monitor and, consequently, its performance.
Adjustable nozzles are considered the most versatile, with the help of which the water jet can change from continuous to scattered. Switching between the extinguishing agent is also available - that is, the supply of air-mechanical foam instead of water, and changing the angle of the jet torch. The universal nozzle provides the ability to adjust the fluid flow according to the situation.
Requirements for nozzles for certain models of drugs are prescribed in the relevant GOSTs.
The performance of the fire monitor can be calculated on the basis of the main technical characteristics (jet compactness, nozzle diameter, pressure, water supply intensity, etc.). Also of great importance for the calculation is the fire extinguishing depth of the fire monitor, or, in other words, the radius of action. For the majority and drugs, it is 10 m (for manual fire nozzles, this figure is less). Based on all these parameters, using specially developed formulas, it is possible to calculate the extinguishing area covered by a particular piece of fire equipment, and, accordingly, correctly calculate the required number of extinguishing devices.
Taking into account the technical characteristics of fire monitors allows fire brigades to achieve high efficiency in eliminating fires of various sizes.
Other requirements for fire monitors
Requirements for fire monitors exist not only in terms of technical characteristics, but also in relation to the qualities of the materials from which the device is made. It is clear that all parts must be of high quality, reliable and proven. It is not allowed to use materials that do not comply with GOSTs and other regulatory documents.
The cast parts of the devices shall generally be made of stainless steel, but other materials may also be used if they do not differ in quality. Particular attention is paid to the anti-corrosion protection of all units and components, since the fire nozzle must remain operational with constant interaction with water and foam solutions. This is especially true for devices that are used in ports or in the navy. In such cases, the fire monitor coating must be additionally resistant to sea water.
Also, another point of the performance characteristics of fire monitors is the paintwork, which should be as resistant to detergents and lubricants as possible. It is also worth noting that absolutely all parts and assemblies must be replaceable.
Fire monitors (water cannons) are a device that shoots a high-speed stream of water. As a rule, trunks can pass a large volume of water, often tens of meters. Such barrels are used in firefighting, vehicle washes, riot control and mining. Most water cannons fall under the category of fire monitors.
Fire monitors are high-capacity water jet control devices used for manual fire extinguishing or automatic fire protection systems.
Fire monitors can be divided into two broad ranges of applications. The first category is fixed fire monitors, usually made of brass or stainless steel, for use in industrial fire protection systems in locations such as oil and chemical refineries. The second - the main category of trunks is designed for use in fire engines. They are made from lighter weight materials, usually aluminum alloys, to help reduce overall vehicle weight.
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Types of fire monitors
Roof monitors are often installed on fireboats, tug boats, and most fire engines for use in manual firefighting, where they can deliver a targeted stream of water or foam to a single firefighter while out of fire danger range. Powder barrels are sometimes installed in fixed fire protection systems to protect high risk sites such as aircraft hangars and helicopter landing pads. Similarly, facilities with flammable materials such as oil refineries have fixed fire monitors. Most fire monitors can be directed by a single firefighter, compared to a standard fire hose, which usually requires several. Portable barrel options allow the firefighter to mount a gun to supply water to the flame while he or she can take care of other tasks.
Performance and consumption
Fire monitors can fire 7,600 liters per minute or more. Standard barrels used by the US Fire Department have a flow rate of 1300 liters per minute or more. The trunk is often found at the end of telescopic ladders. The high pressure they require makes them unsuitable for manual use.
Control types
Control options should not be viewed simply as personal preference, but as an integral part of the Efficiency and Safety Department's operational goals.
Most are familiar with manual control, however, there are some other indicators for manual fire monitors. The most important of these is to provide ergonomic and safe operating conditions. The two most common manual barrel control configurations are 1) tiller and 2) geared wheel. Tiller steering allows the barrel to be set up very quickly, but can require more manpower compared to geared wheel steering.
Electronic controls
They provide a significant security advantage. Typically, the setpoint for the electronic monitor is located on the pump control panel. When using electronic control, the firefighter must not rise above the apparatus to operate it. The National Fire Protection Association of the United States of America, in its gun carriage guidelines, recommends the use of remote-operated barrels "without the need for a person to climb to the top of the apparatus." Electrical control also allows control from multiple locations.
Hydraulic and pneumatic controls
They provide pretty much the same benefits as electronic controls and were indeed the earliest options. With the ever-increasing flexibility of electrical control, hydraulics and pneumatics, little can justify their cost and demanding maintenance.
Wireless control
Like almost everything else, wirelessly controlled fire monitors are now also available. Wireless control essentially provides all the benefits of electronic control while allowing the operator to be completely removed from the device. The firefighter can better direct the jet from the barrel while remaining in a safer and less congested area and performing other firefighting tasks. In many cases, control over a wireless network can be economically justified. In the case of antennas and multiple control points, where long paths can raise the cost of a traditional wired control system, wireless monitors are not expensive.
Risks of use
Barrels bring with them many risks when used in urban environments. The jet should never be launched into a building with people inside, because the force of the stream can knock down a supporting wall in the building structure, after which collapse and blockage of people is possible. In addition, the steam generated by the large volume of water supplied can cause oxygen to be expelled from the enclosed area, creating a risk of asphyxiation.
Fire monitors- an important link in the fire safety system. They can be of different sizes, configurations, capacities, but in general, the design and purpose are the same - timely response to fire and immediate elimination of fire. So what is a gun barrel?
Fire monitor definition sounds like this - this is a device for forming a continuous or sprayed stream of water or fire extinguishing agent with a variable angle of the torch, which is used to supply a large pressure of fire extinguishing agent to the area where the fire has occurred.
The use of fire nozzles is especially necessary in areas hazardous to human health (chemical plants, oil refineries, etc.). You can find out more about the fire nozzle classifications in our article “Types of fire monitors”. Fire monitors are of two types: and.
All fire monitors must be certified and comply with the strict requirements of GOST. High-quality, modern products are distinguished by reliability, stability and stability in a wide temperature range (from -400 C to + 400 C).
The scope of delivery of fire monitors may vary slightly depending on the manufacturer and type of product. But in general, in the standard set, one can distinguish such the main components of the fire monitor:
- necessarily a technical passport with a description of all the details;
- user manual;
- additional nozzles, remote controls, hydraulic valves (depending on the type and model of the fire nozzle);
- spare parts kit.
Before buying a fire monitor, ask the manufacturer or dealer how the fire monitor was tested. Quality products must pass all the necessary checks and only then go on sale. Fire monitor check takes place directly at the factory. After the successful completion of the tests, the batch of goods receives a quality certificate. If errors are found during the check, production is suspended until the reasons are clarified and the marriage is eliminated. If after some time any changes were made to the technological scheme for the manufacture of barrels, or if there was a replacement of materials, the tests of fire monitors must be carried out again without fail.
It should also be noted that in order to carry out the check, a product unit must be selected at random from the entire lot. The results of all tests are certified by protocols and acts, which subsequently guarantee the quality of the devices.
