The quick calculation of slate and other roofing materials is simple. But previously necessary calculations of the future roof - you should definitely know what sizes it will be. This article provides a calculation only for slate. For other roofing materials in formulas, it is necessary to substitute their dimensions of efficient coating and batteries to overlap.
Calculation of slate for a single and a bone roof
A simple mechanism is used to calculate slate. The roof length (A roof) should be divided into sheet width (a sheet). The result of N 1 add 10% and rounded to a whole larger number. This is the number of sheets in the row - N.
- N 1 \u003d A roof / a sheet * 1.1
- N 1 round up to a larger whole N.
After the length of the skate (b of the roof), they are divided into the height of the sheet (b sheet) and add 13% to the result. Round the resulting value R 1 to a whole larger number - this is the number of series of slate - R.
- R 1 \u003d B roofing / b sheet * 1,13
- R 1 round up to a larger whole R
After N * R multiplies and receive the number of sheets (K sheets)
Calculation of calculation for a bone roof
Clarifications of the number of rows R for a bone roof.
- If the fractional part R 1 is less than 0.5, then this means that on the last row you will spend the sheets divided into two parts. The condition is true for the same skate area.
- If the fractional part R 1 is more than 0.5, then you need to read the number of sheets for each slope separately.
- For unequal skate areas, the calculation is made separately for each slope with a miscalculation scheme of laying. If fractional parts R 1 in the amount give a number less than 1, then one row of slate can be saved on the purchase.
The easiest calculation
For approximate calculation to the required coating area, 15% are added and divided into the real area of \u200b\u200bthe sheet: K sheets \u003d s roof * 1,15 / s sheet
Calculation of slate for a fetal roof of the toll type
Approximate slate calculation for such a design is not suitable. In this case, the coating scheme is performed on the scale to understand how many sheets will leave for a diagonal cutting and how many sheets will need. The number of sheets on trimming can be varied depending on the corner of the roofs and the order of laying. With symmetric slate laying, a large number of waste occurs from the center of the skate, and when laying from the angle to the angle - less.
All parameters must be specified in mm
B. - Length of the roof.
Y. - Height of the roof.
X. - Width of the building.
C. - Svet size.
This calculator allows you to calculate the number of building materials direct single Roof (Roofs): The required amount of sheet material (metal tile, ondulin, slate or zinc), clamping boards and rafters and rafter system, Luxury material (rubberoid, pergamine).
You should consider that the program calculates roofing material Based on the total area of \u200b\u200bthe roof.
For example, 7.5 sheets according to the calculations turned out to be one row, and we have 2.7 rows. When multiplying, we will get 3 rows for our real project (since sheets are sold solid).
In the event that you want to get a precise number of sheets for the future roof, you need to reduce their height until you receive a number of rows.
Calculation of the area and cost of the roof
The program provides the ability to determine the required number of rafters and their size, crates and volume of building materials. When calculating, all the most running types of roof will be taken into account: slate, rubberoid, metal tile. You can also calculate the parameters of the flat roof through the data entered.
Single Roof with your own hands - perhaps the most simple design Compared to other types of roofing, which has one skate, a simple framework and requires little building materials. This design The roofs will be indispensable for the construction of hozpostroops, garages, small houses, country buildings, hangars, barns and other non-residential premises. Such a building can be with an attic or without. This species Roofs can be bred by any materials with the use of insulation and underpants materials. Single roofs have, as a rule, small angles of inclination and only one slope. In this case, you will need to take into account the increased load on the roof from the snow cover and on time to clean it from it.
Main parameters of calculation
Roof Square:
- This parameter includes the length of the sink. Determines the volume of the undercase and facing material.
Number of rubberoid:
- This parameter is calculated taking into account the adolescence. Parameters of one Rulon Ruberoid: 15 meters long and 1 meter in width.
Volfil volume:
- The program will calculate the required volume of material for the rafter design, where the loads according to the selected sizes will be taken into account.
Length rafted:
- distance from the base of the skate to the skate
Number of rafters:
- the required number of rafters taking into account the specified step
The optimal distance between the shell boards:
- The optimal distance for the crate with the use of building materials without trimming.
The number of rows of crates:
- The parameters entered the number of cable series is determined.
Helpful information
Each single-pole roof will have a support on the walls of the building that have different heights. Hence the tilt angles should be between the horizon and rafters in the range from 5 to 60 °.
The angle of inclination for rafters and the skate must match the facing material you choose. According to the recommendations described below, you can change the parameters of the lifting height or the width of the base to reduce or increase the angle of inclination.
The parameters on which the angle of inclination depends:
- Type of roofing material;
- Precipitation;
- Wind power in your area.
For an angle of inclination, it is also important to choose the right facing material for single RoofSince its technical properties will depend on this.
Approximate calculation of roof inclination angles for winter load:
- For slate - 20-35 °.
- For a folding roof - 18-30 °.
- For rubberoid - 5 °.
- For professional flooring - 8 °.
- For metal tile - an angle of inclination of 30 °.
You should not neglect this parameter, since if the angle of inclination is less for a professional flooring or galvanized metal, then your roof is simply from such severity in winter. You should not make a small angle of inclination for the roof of metal tile or slate, otherwise moisture can pass through the docking nodes.
Conclusion
With our program, you can get all the necessary calculated data for your single roof. Do not forget to take into account the recommendations described above.
The range of the modern building market is notable for a large variety of materials for the roof. Slate among them occupies one of the leading positions. The roofing device from this material does not cause special difficulties.
The slate installation is actually quite simple and can almost anyone having at least some experience construction work. But at the same time, the specifics of the ACL, big weight, fragility, etc., imposes certain restrictions on the installation process.
Preparatory work
First of all, we define how to calculate the number of slate on the roof. It is done quite simple - for starters, they take two values \u200b\u200bof the area: roofing and leaf. Their calculation is reduced to finding a rectangle area, that is, height is multiplied by length. Then the value of the first area is divided into second. The resulting ACL quantity when buying a material is increased by 10% to ensure that the vents required when they are mounted.
You can do otherwise - take into account not the total area of \u200b\u200bACL, but useful: it is less than about 0.32 m 2.
Do not hurry to freely purchased ACLs from factory packaging - they must be stored in a horizontal position until the start of the roof mounting from slate.
In order to ensure the tightness of the roofing structure on the rafter, waterproofing is settled, say, only the rubberoid. There is a more modern version of the protection against moisture - a hydrobarrier, which is a guide perforated film with tiny cells. It prevents atmospheric precipitation into the underpants space, moreover, it does not allow condensate formation. It must be noted that the slate installation is carried out on scanty roofs With a bias, starting from 10⁰.
For roofs with a bias 25⁰, the sealing of slate is optional, since the specified angle prevents moisture from entering the roof.
Asbicated sheets, therefore, special attention should be paid. For this design, wooden bars are used by a width of 5.0-7.5 cm. Increased requirements for wood quality. She must be:
- Dry, since after the raw doome of dry, fasteners can weaken;
- Not lower than the 2nd grade, because for brucks with bitch after installation, even a minor load is real danger.
The crate is installed in increments of 53 cm in the direction parallel to the skate, ranging from the edge of the skate. In the case of it, it is satisfied with a much smaller distance between the bars, often the doom can be solid. After that the preparation of the foundation under the roof can be considered complete.
Asbetic sheets are prepared for installation: depending on which laying option is selected, markup is made, the holes under fastening are drilled, extrany waves and corners are cut.
It is desirable that after trimming there is more than 60 cm - so it will retain its strength. Surplus length is better removed by increasing the overst.
I would like to draw your attention to the organization of the drain. This question is better to do before starting the coating. It will be much easier to solve this problem than after installing roofing material.
Slate Montage Technology
Remember basic device rule slate roof - laying performed exclusively starting from the cornice of the sink towards the skate. In all the rest there is a choice. In particular, this applies to the parties, with what need to start to fit the coating. It has significant importance, in which direction the wind is predominantly blowing in this region.
Wave slate laying options
The most common ways to lay ACL - two:
- Mounting slate rotary;
- with cut corners.
This or that technology is chosen primarily depending on the roof configuration.
The first method is very simple and cope with installation can anyone, the profiles are placed with the overlap of the waves. Obviously, the consumption of material for this reason is greater. The ACL is not cut when docked, the edges are additionally aligned only at the very end. Special attention requires laying of the first of the sheets. From the end side, it is mounted with nasup (one wave) for the crate. For fastening or slate nails. Each next sheet from the first row is placed on the previous one with the allen. The material from the second row is placed with imposing on the first, simultaneously shifting them for one wave or two.
In the second embodiment, the offset of sheets is not assumed, instead, some of the ACL saw the corners so that all four do not come together in one site. If you allow a similar one, then because of a loose fit, they can be curved. And as a result - cracks. Through them, the precipitates easily penetrate into the underfloor space and blows the wind.
And in this embodiment, it is performed with the allen. However, both methods differ significantly. All sheets of the initial series, with the exception of the first, are cut from the top angle located on the part of which laying. In all subsequent rows of sheets, in addition to the top is cut and the lower angle, located on the opposite side. Thus, adjusted the edges adjacent.
Slate, corners or edges, cut and leveled with a handwheel for metal or "grinder".
Fastening to the crate
Sheets fix most often at three points - in the center and at the edges. The holes for the screws are drilled in advance with the help of an ordinary drill with a diameter slightly large than the diameter of the fastening element. Slate, as a rule, begin to lay the roof from the right lower corner, then it is fastened to the right left. However, some adjustments can make the direction of the wind in this area - the edges must be placed with the opposite side of it. The extreme ACL is necessarily strengthened.
Under the fasteners you need to put special washers that seal the pre-performed hole. It is worth noting that for screws, such washers for seal are included. For nails, seals can easily be made by itself, they are cut from such materials as not very thick rubber, rubberoid.
ACL categorically impossible to fix tightly, although weak fixation is unacceptable. The optimal can be called the mount at which the nail or screw only touch the surface of the coating, without creating pressure.
The cost of mounting the slate, made by its own hands, of course, will be significantly lower than if you appeal to professionals, because it does not depend on the intended scale of work.
If you decide to make a slate installation yourself, the video presented below will help avoid common errors.
