The products referred to in the title of this article, despite a certain novelty for consumers from the CIS, quickly gained popularity. Pipes for storm drainage have excellent mechanical characteristics, which allows the system to be laid at a depth of at least 4 meters, are resistant to corrosion, and are easy to install.
Section of external pipes
Therefore, there was a need to develop new processes, methods and materials for the construction and operation of sewer systems. This ensures that there are no intrusions or overflows in the system, which would have a significant impact on water treatment costs and aquifer contamination.
This provides benefits such as fewer wells, fewer fall structures and pumping installations. There is a complete line of pipes and connections to carry out sanitary discharges into sewer networks municipal networks such as The installer must first ensure that the rubber rings are metric series. The ring and bell, especially the niche, eyebrow and tenon area, should be cleaned at each joint with a clean cloth before making the coupling.
How to correctly calculate the diameter?
The easiest and most reliable way to calculate this parameter is using a system called “Lukin Table”, which can be found at http://center-pss.ru/lukin.htm. If you want to perform the calculations yourself, then you need to act within the following scheme:
- It is necessary to collect statistical data on precipitation that fell in the area of interest and determine exactly how many cubic liters of water fell per hour per 1 sq. meter during the heaviest rain.
- Also, to perform calculations, you will need to establish the area of buildings and the area of land free from them on a separate site.
Next, we perform the calculation: if per 1 sq. meter in an hour 30 liters of rainwater fell, then per 1000 sq. meters, approximately 30,000 liters fell. Substituting the available numbers, we obtain a result that determines the specific values of the necessary parameters. In the context of the example considered, it amounted to 30 thousand liters per hour. Next, we take assembly parts of various diameters, multiply the throughput characteristics (measured in liters per second) by the number of seconds in 1 hour and understand which option is suitable.
Shaped products for external sewerage
To prevent damage to parts, check the bellhousing, trunnion and ring. The use of lubricant creates a sliding effect; failure to use it can lead to damage to the ring and bell, for example, bites in the joint. Lubricant must be applied over the entire area of the pipe.
After lubrication, the pipe is ready for gluing. Good alignment is important for easy assembly of parts. Align the pin and bell by pressing the jimmy and wood until the pin slides into the bell. The stop mark must be visible to ensure that the dowel functions as an expansion chamber. Once the insertion is made, rotate the pipe in both directions. If it turns with relative ease, the connection is made correctly.
What about fire resistance? of this material, then you can read the article by following the link -
Eg, throughput product with a diameter of 110 mm is 6.2 liters per second, and the number of seconds in an hour is 3600. We multiply 3600 by 6.2 and get a clear result - 22320 liters per hour, that is, such a pipe is not suitable under the conditions considered, we need a product with a higher throughput ability.
To simplify the design of sewer systems, it is necessary to assume constant flow conditions, although most of these systems operate with extremely variable flows. Sewer systems are designed as channels. If the channel condition is not satisfied, the pipeline is considered to be operating under load or internal pressure.
This is due to the flexibility of the same pipes. In the case of sewer pipes, where the drive value is displaced by gravity, a deformation of 7% relative to the outer diameter is allowed. The behavior of rigid pipe versus flexible pipe is different, although they were installed under very similar conditions. External loads tend to concentrate below and above a rigid pipe, creating a crushing moment that must be protected by the pipe walls. In flexible pipes, when an external load is applied, they deform, transferring the vertical load to horizontal radial reactions, which resist the passive pressure of the filler around the tube, transferring part of this load to the ground.
How to choose drainage pipes?
One of the most significant elements of stormwater is drainage. The effectiveness of drainage largely depends on the quality and characteristics of the selected pipes. Drainage pipes may vary: 
- According to the level of rigidity. Rigid parts are produced in lengths of 6 or 12 meters, but flexible hoses for drainage are sold in sections of 50 meters in a “reel”.
- Based on the presence of a filtration shell.
The material in question is also distinguished by the type of raw materials used in its production process. Today the most popular pipes are:
The minimum permissible velocity is what does not allow suspended solids to settle, may be called. The maximum recommended speed is that which will not cause erosion in the pipe or dislocation of the joints. Maximum and minimum slopes are those that do not provide speeds higher or lower than permissible.
If you are going to be working inside the trench joints, it needs to be wide enough to allow the operator to perform these maneuvers comfortably. Since this will need to place a template, make a coupling, place and cut the pipe to finish filling and compacting the trench.
- Made from propylene.
- High and low pressure polyethylene.
In the selection process, one cannot help but pay attention to individual ones. For example, double-walled parts have excellent strength characteristics, making them ideal for laying at great depths.
Parts equipped with filters are useful in those areas of the system where there is a significant likelihood of clogging and silting.
The pipe should always rest on a template, which can be prepared from screened soil, river sand or thin calf. This template must have a minimum thickness of 5 cm on the vertical axis of the tube. When installation must be carried out in areas or traffic routes, the pipeline must be protected from crushing forces or movements caused by the passage Vehicle on roads such as road crossings, railways, airports, etc. In such places, a pipe pipe is recommended.
The minimum installation depth depends on three main factors. It should be 90 centimeters above the back of the tube. Avoid design problems. Later, the stencil will sink into the tube along with the rings. Once the sewer lines are installed, the point at which the new home discharge connection is made will operate as follows.
After acquiring all the necessary parts, you should begin. Laying should begin with the arrangement of trenches. The depth of the channel should be equal to the diameter of the selected pipe + 400 mm. The presence of brick or any other hard materials at the bottom is unacceptable.
Use a template to mark the pipe in which the seat will be made, widening the gap one centimeter larger than the radius of the seat. With a drill bit, drill the mark. Insert a saw through the perforation to make the cut. Once finished, clean the burrs and residue in the hole using a knife and file.
Insert the saddle into the hole of the tube to ensure that the piercing is done correctly. Place the straps over the pipe, leaving enough clearance to create a seat. Clean the seat base and tube surface thoroughly. Clean both surfaces, apply cement to the seat and tube, distributing an appropriate amount on both surfaces.
The bottom is sprinkled with a layer of sand, on top of which crushed stone is laid. The pipe is laid on the second layer. On top of the laid and mounted parts, 2 more layers of material are laid, in the same order.
The height of the total layer must be at least 200 mm. If the place of final discharge of diverted water is located higher than the system under consideration, then there is an urgent need to equip not only inspection wells, but also drainage wells and equip them with special pumps that will pump waste into a reservoir, main network or roadside ditch.
Advantages of plastic waste systems
Tighten the straps around your base, giving them enough tension to prevent slipping. Do not over-tension the straps as this may damage the saddle base. To complete the connection to the outlet, install the elbow. Once the cement is long enough, the strips can be removed. Make the filling and compaction.
It is advisable to store it in a flat place without debris. Avoid prolonged exposure of the pipeline to the sun. Therefore we recommend a covered place. It is not recommended to cover the pipe with plastic or polyethylene tarps, as this causes an increase in temperature, which can lead to permanent deformation of the pipeline and complicate the installation of the system. Good ventilation is recommended inside the warehouse, in which a pipe will be laid that will contain oils and lubricants. The rings are made of elastomeric material, so it is recommended to store them in a cool place, away from the sun.
Provided that we are talking specifically about storm drainage, this state of affairs is considered quite acceptable. It is important to remember that the freezing depth must be exceeded.
Wells are installed in emergency hazardous areas (change in angle of inclination, rotation of the pipe) with an approximate distance of 50 meters from each other.
The production of stormwater pipes is regulated by the international standard GOST 32413-2013. This document discusses in detail the following product characteristics: 
The sanitary rings are marked to avoid confusion - these are hydraulic installation rings. Avoid trapping pipes as much as possible and also place excessive stress on them, which will cause unnecessary deformation during storage.
If repairs are required on the sewer line, it is recommended to use a repair connection. Installation should be done as shown in the picture. It is recommended to leave 4 to 6mm between the ends of the connected pipes to allow the system to absorb any expansion due to temperature changes. When the damage is small cracks or perforations caused by impacts, there is an alternative to cementing half the pipe the same diameter as the seat. There may not be a sewer pipe either.
- Application area.
- Terms used to refer to various product parameters.
- Technical and operational parameters that the product must comply with.
- Characteristics of shaped parts, the use of which is inevitably carried out.
- Pressure characteristics.
You can familiarize yourself with the contents of the document in question by downloading it from this link
Technical characteristics of wastewater pipes. The pipe is 300 cm long and has a thickness of 10 cm in one piece, which can be connected to other pipes, jumpers or to a wastewater check valve by welding or using an O-ring. The weight of each bar is about 2.6 kg.
The recommended slope for pipe installation is at least 1% to ensure blockage-free flow. The 100 mm gauge is the most recommended for connecting several pipes to take the sewer into a check valve whose connection is 100 mm.
In simple terms, the products in question are non-pressure products, adapted for use in outdoor conditions, which can differ significantly in throughput and diameter.
Considering the fact that the installation of PVC pipes is a fairly simple process, it can be argued that the most complex and demanding stage of the work considered is the planning.
The sewerage system must be safe and secure, with durable materials to prevent leaks and soil contamination. The wider sensor ensures that the flow is always free, avoiding clogging problems. Use is indicated for domestic wastewater or toilet purposes only. The waste water pipe can be connected to another pipe, to a joint or to a waste water check valve with either a plastic adhesive or an elastic connection. A dual action bag present at one end of the tube allows you to choose between these two procedures.
Particular attention should be paid to the selection of parts, the calculation part of the work and the planning of the upcoming installation, since they determine the effectiveness of the system.
Video instruction:
Professional preparation of internal project sewer system involves careful consideration of each stage.
Already sealing ring used in conjunction with lubricating paste, the ring is installed on the tip and bonded in both the ring and tube. It is not necessary and is not recommended to use tape seal for these connections. Strong and reliable pipes and fittings make up strong and equally reliable sewer systems. Ideal for carrying out domestic wastewater, from toilets to pipes, which results in cleaning without any hassle. Do not clog or crack, avoiding leakage and soil contamination.
Video: installing a sewer pipe using Griffon glue
Can be used in residential, commercial and industrial buildings. Excellent sealing and chemical resistance. Thanks to its extensive involvement in the sector, the company has a history of pioneering developments and innovation. It is one of the most famous and respected brands in the civil engineering sector and is highly recommended and designated by experts and specialists in the field. Water circulation in buildings is carried out through various networks, underground or overhead.
One of the most important is the choice of pipe material. Along with traditional cast iron and asbestos structures, the market offers consumers PVC pipes.
Polyvinyl chloride has been known for a long time, but due to the labor-intensive process and imperfect equipment, its widespread use has become possible only in our time.
Internal pipeline line
Supply of cold or hot water;;, and possible harvest for the garden or for home use; Evacuation of liquids and aggressive liquids. There is one for each type of network. During an evacuation, wastewater can be very hot, especially in washing machine or boiling water poured into a sink. The fin involves rotating the liquid to avoid the risk of deionization, which causes unpleasant odors. The wastewater drainage system must be equipped with expansion joints to support the change in size due to hot water.
The pipe production process involves the use of several components, which, when mixed and heated, produce a homogeneous plastic mass.
It includes the following materials:
- plasticizers are the main ingredient that gives pipes their unique properties;
- stabilizers - necessary for the “strong” connection of polymer molecules with each other;
- a small part of PVC waste. The best analogue they reuse scrap metal to produce new products.
The heated mass under pressure passes through a special mold - an extruder. This is how the formation of a sewer pipe blank can be observed for the first time.
To make a clean cut, there is no need to be equipped with a special tool. A hacksaw, hose cutter or miter saw can do the trick. Once the surface is dry, carefully apply glue and secure the two parts tightly. Wipe off any excess glue and let it dry for a few minutes.
Leading sanitary network in the house for renovation: tips
Renovating an old house creates certain selection problems associated with the presence of old building materials. Finding the lead drainage system is part of this, such as in the case of a bathtub replacement. It is best to have the entire plumbing system disassembled by a professional heating or remodeling contractor.
There are 2 types of PVC:
- plasticized (PVC). Differs in increased elasticity. But due to low strength characteristics, it is not used in the production of pipes;
- unplasticized PVC (PVC-U). It has a rigid structure and resistance to many aggressive environments.
It is from the latter that pipes are made for internal sewerage.
These pipes can be used for both pressure and gravity systems.
According to the connection method they can be:
- without socket - coupling connection;
- socket adhesive;
- bell-type mechanical.
The latter are the most popular for internal sewerage.
The mechanism for connecting with each other is implemented simply but effectively. At one end of each product there is a special socket, the inner diameter of which coincides with the normalized outer one.
As an additional seal, a rubber ring is inserted into a special groove. To connect 2 pipes, just insert them into each other.
Photo: Irub socket connection Processing is also not difficult - you can reduce the size using a hacksaw.
Dimensions
One of the important parameters for all pipes is overall and internal dimensions.
These include:
- outside diameter;
- internal (working) diameter;
- wall thickness;
- pipe length.
According to current regulatory documents, only the internal diameter and the strength parameter at the maximum permissible pressure are regulated.
Based on this, manufacturers are currently producing PVC pipes following sizes:
| External d, mm | Internal d, mm | Wall thickness, mm | Pipe lengths, m |
| 32 | 30,2 | 1,8 | 0,35; 0,5; 1; 2 |
| 40 | 38,2 | 1,8 | |
| 50 | 48,2 | 1,8 | 0,35; 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2;3 |
| 110 | 107,8 | 2,2 |
The length of the connecting socket plays an important role. For different diameters, its parameters must correspond to the outer diameter.
That is, for a pipe d 32 mm, the socket length is 32 mm. Moreover, the distance is measured from the end to the conical bevel.
It also directly affects its use in the internal sewerage system. The smaller it is, the worse the throughput of this section.
Therefore, when planning the laying of pipes, it is necessary that pipes go from the riser from a larger cross-section to a smaller one.
Photo: table of required slopes and pipe diameters for drainage Specifications
The characteristics of pipes largely depend on the manufacturer’s compliance with production technology standards. But the problem is that currently there are state standards only for pipes for pressure sewer systems.
In them you can find nominal values of pressure, wall thickness, resistance to certain aggressive environments, etc. There are no such documents for non-pressure (gravity) systems.
Therefore, all manufacturers adhere to (or try to adhere to) GOST for PVC-U pressure pipes.
Based on this, you can make a list of the following technical characteristics:
- operating temperature conditions: minimum -15°C, maximum +65°C. Some models can withstand short-term exposure without deformation and damage to the structure up to +90 °C;
- nominal pressure – 0.16 MPa. Although for gravity sewerage this indicator is insignificant. Much more important is its derivative - wall thickness;
- specific gravity is about 2 kg/m.p. As the diameter increases, it increases;
- the inner surface of the pipe has a good slip rate, which allows wastewater to pass unhindered through the main;
- resistance to many aggressive environments;
- if the operating rules are followed, the service life can reach 50 years;
- but for the end consumer, other parameters are more important - advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages:
- affordable price. Compared to other manufacturing materials, PVC sewer pipe has a very attractive price. This also applies to additional components - fittings;
- ease of installation. You don't need any special tools for this. A hacksaw, a knife for processing the ends and lubricant are enough for better fit of the pipe into the socket;
- good mechanical strength. Unplasticized PVC initially has this quality necessary for installation and operation;
- resistance to UV radiation;
- PVC dielectric. This means that the pipes do not conduct electricity and the entire system does not need to be grounded;
- absence of corrosion processes;
- smooth inner surface.
Flaws:
- limited operating temperature;
- unsatisfactory sound insulation. For outdoor installation, additional measures must be taken;
- increased fragility. As the temperature decreases, this indicator increases proportionally;
Fitting
To implement a complex internal sewage system, additional connecting elements - fittings - are required.
They are used for turning, branching and transitioning the line from one diameter to another.
Knee
Photo: knee Serves for turning the sewer system. The angle of inclination may vary - from 20° to 87°.
Tee
Photo: tee Necessary for branching the sewer system and connecting additional highways to the general system. It also varies depending on the angle of rotation of the connecting pipe - from 20° to 87°.
Reduction
Photo: reduction Serves as connecting elements for 2 pipes of different diameters.
Cross
Photo: cross It is used to simultaneously connect 4 pipes into one common system.
In addition to the fittings described above, there are a number additional elements, which are necessary to create a complete internal sewage system:
- inspection hatch - it is used to visually check the condition of the inner surface of the pipe;
Photo: inspection hatch 
Photo: coupling for connecting socketless pipes - connecting element for the transition from PVC to cast iron pipes.
Photo: couplings for transition from PVC to cast iron pipes GOST
Currently, there is only a state standard for pipes made of unplasticized polyvinyl chloride for pressure sewerage - GOST R 51613-2000.
It specifies standards for the following criteria:
- sizes and dimensions of pressure pipes;
- safety during installation and operation;
- transportation and storage rules;
- testing methodology.
As mentioned above, pipes for gravity sewerage are manufactured in accordance with this GOST.
Prices
Despite its low cost, it is still worth knowing the approximate price of pipes. It will directly depend on it, and in particular, its total estimate.
As you can see, the cost of pipes is really more than affordable. But this factor should not affect the quality of the internal sewerage project
Video: installing a sewer pipe using Griffon glue
