In recent years, the construction of small buildings has become increasingly popular. Often, special screw piles are used for their construction. Thanks to the achievements of scientific and technological progress, any person who is more or less familiar with the basics of construction will be able to make a pile-screw foundation with their own hands. This technology contributes to the rapid and low-cost preparation of the foundation of the future structure.
The foundation, arranged using screw piles, has long been used for military purposes. This is due to the fact that it allows you to build reliable supports for any objects in the shortest possible time. Now it is increasingly being used for the construction of residential buildings and outbuildings.
Abroad, the construction technology using pile foundations has been mastered many decades ago. At the same time, not only residential buildings, but also industrial buildings are being built. A clear example of this use of screw piles are wind turbines in the United States. In Russia, these foundations were used for a long time only for light structures, since they had a low bearing load.
In recent years, new types of screw piles have appeared, allowing to expand the scope of these building materials, including for industrial construction.
Every year, there are more and more people who want to build a foundation on screw piles. This is due to the quality of piles and their affordable price. Light structures erected using a pile-screw foundation include wooden and frame houses. These piles are also used for the construction playgrounds, fences, greenhouses, terraces.
Where soils are not suitable, building a house on screw piles will be the best way out of this situation. This foundation is used in areas with the following features:
- with complex terrain;
- with high soil moisture;
- with landscaped landscape;
- where excavation is not allowed;
- with deep soil freezing.
They are also used in the replacement and repair of foundations.
Description of screw piles.
The main element of the foundation is a metal screw pile. She represents the usual steel pipe. In this case, the thickness of the metal should be not less than 4 mm.
At the sharp end of the screw pile there is a cutting blade. Thanks to it, screwing into the ground occurs. Due to the ideal shape of the blades, they can simply be screwed in to the desired depth thanks to the power of 3-4 builders.
For objects with differences in height or in the presence of other lateral loads, piles are used, at the sharp end of which there are two blades. This gives additional reliability to almost any structure.
Blade diameter ranges from 200–850 mm. In appearance, the pile resembles a huge self-tapping screw. It has a diameter of 50 to 350 mm. Its length is 2–11 m. The smallest piles are used for installation fences, billboards, awnings. On sale there are hollow and solid piles.
Installation of screw piles, video:
Due to the perpendicular arrangement of the blades, the screw does not loosen the soil. The bearing capacity of these piles varies within 5-25 tons There are different options for foundation projects. They depend on the type of future structure and soil. The most popular of them:
- single piles(support individual elements) are often used when it is necessary to attach something to an existing building;
- standard foundation- used for columns and main elements of the structure;
- pile tapes- located under the walls of the building;
- pile field- used for heavy structures.
Despite the above disadvantages, the replacement of the foundation with screw piles is increasingly attracting builders.
The device of the pile-screw foundation.
Installation work begins with the marking of the site and its preparation. Piles are driven into the ground using conventional screwing. In the support area, additional soil compaction occurs. It is noteworthy that such work is carried out almost all year round and in any weather.
Before buying screw piles, it is necessary to make the correct calculation of the foundation. Most often, under small buildings, piles with a diameter of 108 mm. When building objects of small mass, materials of smaller diameter are acquired. This is due to the ease of screwing them in and saving money.
When calculating the number of piles, the required number is calculated. At the same time, it is taken into account that the reliability of the foundation from piles installed too often does not increase, and the cost of the foundation increases significantly. Considering that 1 support filled with concrete can withstand the load 5–9 tons, the distance between them can be 3–5 meters.
Installation of pile-screw foundation.
The type of foundation is selected depending on weight of the future structure, soil type, freezing depth. Start building the foundation with geodetic study of soil. This procedure is necessary to determine the level of groundwater, as well as stable layers. Upon completion of the survey and preparation of the site, they proceed to the installation of the foundation.
How to make a screw pile with your own hands? Video:
Many people wonder how to insulate a pile-screw foundation? In fact, it is not required to be insulated, since this type of foundation is referred to as ventilated. Sufficiently high supports reliably protect the house from the cold emanating from the ground. Warming can be done with a grillage. In this case, you should be aware that its improper insulation leads to the appearance of moisture. This can affect the entire building.
For maximum heat saving, you need to do quality floor insulation and not the foundation.
The basement of the pile-screw foundation is made hinged. For his device use sheet slate, asbestos-cement slabs, combined facade slabs with insulation and other building and finishing materials. Sheathing the base, leave a small gap (5–7 cm) between the soil and the building material of the sheathing. Such an installation prevents damage to the finish during heaving of the soil on frosty days. The ground ends of the supports are protected with a metal mesh, which will prevent animals from getting under the house. Finishing the basement of a pile-screw foundation provides for the creation of favorable conditions for ventilation of the subfloor. To do this, equip small holes, called products. They are left open even on frosty days.
If the construction of a house on screw piles ended with a slight subsidence of the foundation, it is quite possible to quickly repair it, replacing sagging supports with new ones. The possibility of such repairs is considered one of the main advantages of the pile-screw foundation.
When starting to build a house, a bathhouse or other small buildings, you should pay attention to screw piles, because thanks to them, the quick construction of everything you want has become real and at the same time significantly save on materials.
You need to enable JavaScript to vote
Complete the article with your comments , photo and video .
