Boilers for autonomous heating of the apartment. How to install autonomous gas heating in an apartment, how big is the savings when installing a gas boiler

Wall-mounted gas heating boiler - a finished mini boiler room!

A modern wall-mounted gas boiler is a boiler room in miniature. An expansion tank, a circulation pump, a safety valve, gas fittings, various sensors, safety and self-diagnosis automation are built into the housing. Wall-mounted boilers can provide the building not only with heat, but also heat hot sanitary water (DHW) in flow or storage modes. Boilers with the function of heating the DHW circuit are called double-circuit.

A wall-mounted gas boiler is a huge savings on the construction of a chimney.

Wall-mounted gas boilers can be open And closed combustion chamber. Models with a closed combustion chamber are equipped with a coaxial chimney made according to the pipe-in-pipe principle. The inner pipe removes flue gases, the outer pipe takes in atmospheric air for combustion with the help of a fan. A coaxial chimney can be brought out through the wall of the house, forgetting about the bulky and expensive design of the chimney above the ridge of the roof of the house. Boilers with an open combustion chamber take air from the room and require the construction of a chimney of a standard design. For example, you can use a ceramic chimney or a stainless steel chimney.

Wall-mounted gas condensing boilers are state-of-the-art solutions.

This type of boiler equipment is more complex and expensive than traditional wall-mounted or floor-standing atmospheric and inflatable gas boilers. The efficiency of condensing gas boilers is slightly higher than traditional ones, but the cost is usually an order of magnitude higher.

Always comfortable hot water temperature.

Burners in modern wall-mounted gas boilers have a flame modulation function. For example, by varying the tap water flow rate within the power range of the boiler, you will get hot water at a constant temperature at the outlet.

Minimum electricity consumption.

Usually, the maximum electrical power consumption of a wall-mounted gas boiler is 150 W/h. In the event of a power outage, the boiler will stop working and will start automatically when power is restored. For reliable operation of a wall-mounted gas boiler, installation is required. voltage stabilizer.

Large selection of additional automation.

As additional equipment, wall-mounted gas boilers can be equipped with a room temperature sensor or full-fledged weather-dependent automation with an outside temperature sensor and the required number of room sensors. The built-in self-diagnosis system of the wall-mounted gas boiler displays codes of errors that have occurred in its operation.

Fuel for wall-mounted gas boilers.

Depending on the model, wall-mounted gas boilers can run on natural gas or liquefied gas. At the same time, not all models can be transferred from one type of gas to another.

Maintenance of wall gas boilers.

The correct setting of the gas burner parameters greatly affects the gas consumption and the service life of the gas boiler heat exchanger. Our Service Department will perform all the necessary maintenance work for your wall-mounted boiler, according to the recommendations of its manufacturer!

The ideal gas boiler for a small apartment should be: with a modulating burner, power 1 kW / 10m, condensing, with a built-in boiler. In this article I will explain why I have such an opinion and whether it is realistic to find a unit with similar characteristics for a price not half a carton.

I will not write what a single-circuit and double-circuit boiler is, about the advantages of a particular heat exchanger, about the differences between wall and floor models, about standard and condensing boilers. I will try to go through the especially important nuances of choosing a boiler specifically for a small apartment, according to the most interesting and more or less affordable models.

Choosing a boiler for a small apartment

For an apartment, there are certain "iron" criteria for selecting a boiler. The gas boiler must be with a closed combustion chamber (turbo). But how many circuits should be in your boiler is a matter of taste. A detailed analysis of the types of boilers was in the article. I'll just explain my IMHO.

Single loop or double loop?

Everywhere and everywhere I read about how convenient a double-circuit boiler is - it heats, and it heats the water in a flow, and the size is small and beautiful. In theory, this is true, but in practice - hot water starts flowing from your tap after 30-40 seconds, you can’t rinse an apple in the kitchen and you can’t wash your hands hot. For the sake of hot water, you have to take a boiler with too high power (the exception is boilers with a modulating burner or stepped power).

The required power is calculated very simply- 1 kW per 10 m. My forty-meter apartment needs 4 kW, but taking into account heat loss (until the balcony is glazed) - let it be 6-7 kW. I have 24 kW without the ability to adjust the power (Nova Florida Vela Compact CTFS 24, far from the cheapest boiler). All these kilowatts go to hot water, which must be opened with maximum pressure in order to at least have time to rinse your hands with warm water at the end of washing - this is a water consumption that simply does not make sense to close, since the boiler will terribly drive the burner. In addition, the 24 kW burner lubricates to the fullest, and at 35 degrees of coolant, the boiler clicks literally every 30 seconds. I don’t like double-circuit boilers, and I wrote about their shortcomings and alternatives in an article.

But, in fairness, I should note several technical improvements that make double-circuit boilers a more expensive and attractive choice:

• Modulating burner
• Built-in weather control
• Condensation
• Built-in boiler
• Hot water preheating.

I will dwell on some of these features in more detail.

Modulating burner

Simulated burner, or gas burner modulation - the ability to gradually reduce and increase power depending on the needs of the room. The presence of a modulating burner is indicated by the power range, for example 9-24 kW. Since the boiler constantly cycles (on-off) at medium temperatures, gas flashes at full power quickly wear out parts, overuse gas, and this constant clatter is annoying.

A modulating burner works like this: when the switch-off temperature approaches, the electronics sends a command to reduce the gas supply to the gas valve, the burning time increases and the boiler cycles less. Such burners work in conjunction with an external atmospheric sensor.

There are also two and three stage burners with mechanical gas valve control.

Boilers with a modulating burner, which you should pay attention to:

1. BAXI ECO COMPACT 18Fi($500) - 18kW, copper heat exchanger, continuous flame modulation for both heating and hot water, pressure gauge, underfloor heating, built-in weather-dependent automation and a bunch of other goodies.
2. Immergas EOLO Mythos 24-2E($ 560) - 23.6 kW, stainless steel heat exchanger, modulating burner, auto-diagnostics, Antifreeze system, simple thermostat connection.
3. Vaillant ecoTEC pro VUW INT 236/5-3($ 1200) - a condensing boiler, 19.7 kW for heating and 23 kW for hot water, a stainless steel heat exchanger, a two-stage pump, a modulating burner with a range of 28%, electronic sensors for everything, a chic look.
4. Viessmann Vitopend 100-W 23 kW WH1D256($ 650) - 23 kW, modulated atmospheric burner, built-in weather-compensated control function, self-diagnosis, anti-freeze system, boiler pump protection against blocking, system for removing thermal inertia from the heat exchanger, electronic boiler safety system, pressure gauge.

Built-in boiler

Built-in boiler solves the problem of temperature fluctuations due to unstable water pressure, burner cycles, it becomes possible to use water wisely. The volumes of the built-in boiler from 30 to 100 liters for mounted models fully satisfy the needs of a small apartment and a family of 2-3 people. The water tank is located in close proximity to the firebox, this is a functional and economical solution.

If the water in the boiler runs out, the flow mode works. The built-in boiler allows you to comfortably use hot water at 2-3 points of water intake. It is especially important that the burner is not affected by the pressure of the water in the system, as with flow-through use - those who have encountered underpressure of water on the floors will understand what I mean without further ado. Gas boilers with a built-in boiler are much cheaper than with a separately mounted indirect heating boiler and do not take up half the kitchen.

Gas boilers with a built-in boiler, which you should pay attention to:

Immergas ZEUS 24 kW($850) - 24 kW, copper heat exchanger, 45 liter boiler, electronic ignition and electronic flame modulation; antibacterial protection of the boiler, self-diagnosis with LED indication; protection against jamming of the circulation pump.
BAXI NUVOLA 3 140 Fi BS($ 1000) - 14 kW, copper heat exchanger, 30 liter boiler, heated floor, flame control, thermostat against overheating of water in the heat exchanger. A very good option for a 1-2-room apartment and a small family.
Westen Boyler Digit 240/60Fi($ 1300) - 24.4 kW, cast-iron heat exchanger, stainless steel boiler for 60/40 liters, built-in weather-compensated automation, 2 temperature settings, antifreeze system.
Chaffoteaux Niagara C Green 25 NG($ 1500) - 23.5 kW, stainless steel heat exchanger, 45 liter boiler, modulation mode from 25%, modulated pump, simplified connection of external devices, built-in weather-dependent operation.
Viessmann Vitopend 111 24 kW WHSB047($ 1400) - 24 kW, 46 liter boiler, primary monothermal heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger for hot water, stainless steel stratified storage boiler, two-speed heating circuit circulation pump with integrated deaerator, storage boiler loading pump, two-stage AC fan current, modulating burner, built-in weather-compensated regulation, self-diagnosis.

However, for myself, I will consider a single-circuit option paired with an electric boiler. He gave his calculations of the consumption of gas and electricity using examples in a previous article.

Single-circuit gas boilers you can more accurately select the power for your area than double-circuit ones. Their filling is simpler, so much less breakdowns are fixed. One of the advantages of one circuit and a separately arranged hot water supply is that in the event of a breakdown, you will not stay in a cold apartment with ice water flowing from the tap. Practice shows that the fewer functions a device has, the more reliable its design.

In single-circuit models, domestic boilers are quite popular: Mayak, Atem, Danko. Although most of the reviews and discussions go to boilers in private homes, our boilers are praised for adapting to low-quality gas and hard coolant, for cast-iron heat exchangers. In addition, almost all domestic boilers are equipped with SIT, Honeywell, Kape, Polidoro automation; English, German and Italian burners. But I will not pay attention to individual models of domestic gas boilers - there are too few live reviews of use in apartments.

Models of single-circuit boilers that you should pay attention to:

1. BAXI LUNA PLATINUM 1.12GA($ 1250) - 12.4 kW, condensing, stainless steel heat exchanger, the ability to control solar collectors, a circulation pump with full modulation, etc.
2. BAXI ECO FOUR 1.140Fi($580) - 14 kW, copper heat exchanger, modulating burner, smooth electronic ignition, high-speed energy-saving circulation pump with built-in automatic air vent, pressure gauge, etc.
3. Vaillant turboTEC plus VU INT 202/3-5 H($ 800) - 6.8-20 kW, copper heat exchanger, the ability to tune to partial power, built-in circulation pump with automatic stage switching, status monitoring and troubleshooting on the display using the diagnostic system (DIA-System).
4. Viessmann Vitodens 200-W 19 kW($ 2200) - 19 kW, stainless steel heat exchanger, MatriX modulating cylindrical burner, Lambda Pro Control combustion controller built into the burner automatically optimizes the fuel combustion process for various types of gas, Vitotronic controller with text and graphic indication.
5. Westen Pulsar D 1.140Fi($ 550) - 14 kW, cast iron heat exchanger, stainless steel secondary heat exchanger, with LCD display, electronic self-diagnosis system and built-in weather-compensated automation, can operate in two temperature modes, and so on.

If I missed any nuances or was wrong, you are welcome in the comments, I will definitely supplement the material. I hope that buying a gas boiler for an apartment will not be a headache for you.

Gas boiler in the apartment: installation options and selection criteria

5 (100%) votes: 1

There are many options for boilers for heating an apartment. But solid fuel boilers are most often not suitable at all. It is more difficult for them to heat the entire area, and besides, it is expensive. Electric units consume electricity for a fairly tangible amount. Here gas boilers come to the rescue - no dirt, no dust. Gas is not comparable to wood, pellets, electricity.

Therefore, a gas boiler in an apartment is an excellent option for obtaining hot water and heat, as well as an opportunity to save on utility bills.

Gas boiler in the apartment

If you have chosen a gas boiler in an apartment instead of central heating, then you should know that there are two types of units:. Of course, wall-mounted boilers look more aesthetically pleasing and fit into the interior.

The first (single-circuit) means only heating, and the second - also heating water for hot water supply. Accordingly, if you heat the water in another way, then a single-circuit unit would be a good option. Otherwise, you will need to purchase more.

These two options have their pros and cons. If you decide to install a boiler with two circuits, then you need to remember that not all heating boilers keep the same temperature all the time and for stability it is worth setting the operating mode (in all boilers they are called differently).

Installing an individual heating boiler in an apartment is not always possible. To find out this question, you will need to submit an application for installation to the Gorgaz branch of your locality.

A larger amount of gas is spent on heating water in a single-circuit boiler with a boiler and, accordingly, fuel consumption is greater. But a certain amount of hot water is always available, while choosing a single-circuit boiler, you have to wait for some time for the water to heat up, and several consumers will not be able to use it at the same time.

There are also single-position, two-position and simulated heating boilers, depending on the type. They have their advantages and disadvantages:

• single-position ones are characterized by low cost, but at the same time impracticality (always work at 100% power);
• in contrast to them, two-position ones can also work at 50% power;
• modeled ones favorably differ in the ability to maintain the desired temperature.

If you choose a gas boiler, pay attention to the power. Usually 1 kW is needed to heat 10 m² of space.

Pros and cons of installing a gas boiler in an apartment

It should immediately be noted that the first advantage that gas heating gives is cost savings. Often people living in apartment buildings simply do not understand what they are overpaying money for. In the case of the installation of individual heating, such misunderstandings do not arise.

The second plus is an autonomous heating system, independence from the supply of hot water by suppliers. Gas outages are rare here.

The ability to control the temperature is another advantage. After all, the comfortable temperature in the room depends on it. In addition, you will never depend on the season: at any time you can turn on the heating and create a cozy atmosphere.

As mentioned above, in addition to the heat in the room, there is an option to use hot water.

The disadvantages include the high cost of the unit and its subsequent repair if a breakdown occurs.

Stages of installing a gas boiler in an apartment

If you still decide to install a gas boiler in the apartment, you will have to go through the chain of command. First, you will need to write an application for the installation of individual heating. This is done in the organization that supplies the gas. If everything is fine, then they must agree and then you can proceed with the installation of the unit.

Secondly, you need a project for installing a gas boiler in an apartment. It can be ordered from a company that makes similar projects and has the relevant documents for this. By this time, it is already worth deciding on the brand of the desired heating boiler, as well as the meter, otherwise you will then have to pay extra money for any changes in the plan.

Thirdly, call the fire authorities and find out the contacts of the service that checks chimneys and ventilation ducts. You will receive permission to install immediately after the inspection, if all fire safety requirements are met. If not, then you will be given an act with a list of work that must be completed before the next arrival of the service.

In order not to face the fact that you, without obtaining permission from Gorgaz, spent a lot of money on heating equipment and were left with nothing, you should not rush. Do everything in stages, and there will be no difficulties.

After correcting all the shortcomings, the fourth thing you need to do is go to the heating network and write an application for refusing heating. If you do not need hot water, then refuse it. You pay all debts (if any), ask for the timeframe in which communication will be turned off, and proceed to the fifth point - buying a gas heating boiler and a meter.

All data on the purchase will need to be taken to the design company and you will receive a finished project in your hands.

At the next stage, in the Gorgaz branch, you sign an agreement for servicing the boiler and submit the gas pipeline project for consideration and signature. After that, you can already begin to carry out work on cutting off from the heating network and installing your system.

We install a gas boiler in the apartment

The installation of a boiler for heating an apartment can be considered completed when Gorgaz arrives at your place at the set time and date and connects the pipes, in accordance with the project, the boiler, the stove are installed and put into operation, the meter is sealed ...

The last and no less important point is obtaining a guarantee for the installation of a heating boiler. You will need to call a special master who will inspect, adjust the unit and stamp the equipment passport.

The boiler is now ready for use.

A few more rules to remember.

1. Although you have all the necessary documents on hand, you still do not have the right to install the boiler yourself. There are specially trained craftsmen for this: representatives of installation services, employees of Gorgaz, i.e. those who have the appropriate permission.
2. The entire heating system is once again inspected for reliability and absence of leaks before starting.
3. Most units are controlled, which is very voltage dependent. Because of this, a voltage stabilizer and an uninterruptible power supply are often installed. Filters will also be useful: gas and.
4. The other gas appliance and the electrical outlet must be at least 30 cm apart.
5. You should also consider the best place to install a boiler for an apartment. This may be, since its layout meets all the requirements: gas, water are carried out there, usually there is a window overlooking the street, ventilation under the ceiling, and so on.

On average, all procedures for installing an individual boiler will take you at least $ 3,000 and 2-3 months of time, so it is better to take care of heating in the spring or in the first month of summer in order to be comfortable and warm by the season.

And here is a list of premises in which the installation of a gas unit is prohibited in principle:

1. In hostels.
2. In the cellars.
3. On the balconies.
4. In the corridor.
5. In the bathroom (high humidity and poor air supply).
6. On the ground floor (unless there is a special permit).
7. In rooms without windows facing the street.
8. Near combustible objects.

Overview of popular manufacturers of gas boilers

Currently, gas boilers are produced by many domestic and foreign manufacturers. Consider the general characteristics of models of popular manufacturing companies that can be installed in an apartment.

Manufacturer	Characteristic
VAILLANT (Germany)	Gas boilers "Vailant" can be purchased in the floor version or mounted. Represented by atmospheric and turbocharged models. Single-circuit VU for combination with a DHW cylinder and double-circuit VUW gas boilers are available.
BAXI (Italy)	Built-in diagnostic system that automatically detects malfunctions in the system. Reliability and safety. Two temperature control ranges (you can switch the boiler from full power mode (30–85 °С) to operation mode (30–45 °С)). Environmental friendliness: the boiler reduces harmful emissions into the atmosphere by 15-20%. Economical: energy consumption is reduced by up to 35% during the heating season. High performance. Simplicity and flexibility of settings.
BUDERUS (Germany)	The brand has been on the market since 2004. Includes both convection and more modern and efficient condensing wall-mounted gas boilers. Suitable for private houses, apartments, country houses and country cottages. Safe and reliable design. Profitability. Good value.
VIESSMANN (Germany)	Single and double models. With open or closed combustion chamber. Boiler rated power range 23 – 29 kW. All modifications are equipped with a control controller, an efficient and reliable heat exchanger. Implemented a smooth change in power depending on the need for heat. Powerful and economical units. Functional and easy to use. Boilers of this brand are the best solution for space heating and hot water preparation in private houses, cottages, apartments.
PROTHERM (Slovakia)	Guaranteed reliability is pleasantly complemented by ease of maintenance and low operating costs. Technological sophistication and durability. Compliance with European standards. Stylish design. In addition to boilers, the company supplies more than 2,000 components to the market.

Thus, a gas boiler in the apartment will create comfortable living conditions all year round. The main thing is to go through all the stages of coordination and installation.

The time has passed when huge, noisy and very hot heating units were installed in houses. Today, compact and convenient wall-mounted gas boilers will help solve the issue of heating. Such boilers have become very popular, which is not surprising, because residents of apartment buildings, like no one else, know what a lack of free space is. And there is simply nowhere to put a bulky solid fuel unit in an apartment, so wall-mounted gas boilers have made a kind of revolution, allowing users to enjoy all the benefits of autonomous heating.

Advantages of wall-mounted gas boilers

• Due to the modest installation dimensions and low weight, wall-mounted gas boilers are very easy to install.
• They are easy to manage: the user will not need to set fire to anything and understand the intricacies of the settings, just press the power button and the unit will do everything automatically.
• Price: the cost of the described boilers is quite affordable, and given the fact that the wall-mounted boiler is purchased for more than one year, it is more than attractive.
• A turbocharged household boiler most effectively removes flue gases - this is a reliable option, both in an apartment and in a country house.

We have already said a lot about the compactness and ease of installation of these devices, but we forgot to mention the main thing - that they are very economical! Modern climate equipment is constantly being improved and developed, so by purchasing a wall-mounted or floor-standing gas heating boiler, you can save a lot on fuel.

Single loop or double loop?

A single-circuit boiler will help you heat your home, but a double-circuit one can also heat water. And this does not mean that it will have a large water tank, like a boiler. In a double-circuit apparatus, water circulates through the tubes and is heated in a heat exchanger, i.e. opening the tap, you activate the heating function and get hot water. With the purchase of a double-circuit boiler, you can get rid of a bulky boiler and forget about that unpleasant situation when one of the household members used up all the hot water.

World market leaders for wall-mounted heating boilers

Today, Germany, Italy and China are rightfully recognized as leaders in the production of wall-mounted gas boilers. The products of the brands of these countries are equipped with all kinds of sensors and measuring devices that prevent overheating and freezing of the boiler, and durable cases protect against external factors. Domestic producers do not lag behind Western ones at all. Gas boilers made in Russia have many positive qualities and in some respects even surpass imported counterparts.

Offer website for wall-mounted gas boilers

Thanks to high production technologies and modern manufacturing materials, the described devices are an ideal solution for heating an apartment, a private house and a cottage in the country. Attractive cost makes them a truly popular product. In the MirCli online store, a wide range of all gas appliances from the world's leading manufacturers is presented to your attention. Here you can buy equipment from Germany, Italy, Spain, Japan, Korea, Russia and other countries of the world. We have a large selection of devices of different capacities and configurations in our catalog. If necessary, you can always count on an exhaustive consultation of our managers on any issue that interests you. Also, the MirCli online store offers you very favorable conditions for the delivery of climate equipment to your home with installation and configuration in Moscow and in the regions of the country.

Homeowners in urban high-rise buildings are accustomed to the relative convenience of central heating, as they do not have to think about maintaining it, turning it on or off. However, in recent years, more and more residents are inclined to equip their own autonomous heating in an apartment in a multi-storey building, as they face many problems caused by insufficiently efficient and conscientious work of housing and communal services. So, the coolant temperature set in the central boiler room is not always satisfied. For example, it is warm enough outside, and the batteries are hot to such an extent that you have to open all the windows wide open. Or, on the contrary, the radiators are a little warm, and harsh frosts suddenly set in outside the window.

Another important point is the dependence of heating on emergency situations in the entire system, up to the boiler house and heating mains. So, a pipe break in one of the sections of the heat supply line deprives several houses of heating at once. Such a moment is especially unpleasant at the peak of winter cold.

The inconvenience of central heating also manifests itself in the off-season - in the autumn and spring periods, when the heating has already been turned off or has not yet been started, and the apartment is cold. In such cases, you have to use electric heaters and pay rather big sums for electricity.

Those who decide to take control of the heat supply of their homes under their own control, having equipped individual heating, as a rule, have a lot of questions. Therefore, further, various nuances associated with such a transition will be considered.

Advantages and disadvantages of individual apartment heating

Before proceeding directly to action, you need to find out what advantages autonomous heating provides to its owners. But no less valuable is information about the difficulties that will be encountered in its arrangement and operation.

So, the presence in the apartment of a heating system independent of the heat supply line provides the following advantages:

• The ability to create comfortable conditions in the apartment at any time of the year, regardless of the general operation of the general heating system. An urgent need for this arises in the off-season, since in spring and autumn day and night temperatures vary significantly. Yes, and summer, as we know, is able to present "surprises". The central heating system is switched on according to the standard schedule. There are also emergency launches, but it always takes several days (to analyze the situation and put it into operation), during which residents may experience significant discomfort.

• The ability to set the most comfortable temperature in the apartment during the cold season. Everyone knows that apartments located in the end part of the house are colder than those located between several apartments. Therefore, the requirements for the temperature of the coolant in the system will be different. However, utilities do not always take into account these factors, charging the same amount of payment for heating, focusing only on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bhousing.

It is impossible not to take into account the personal needs for warmth of each person, since one individual likes it warmer, and for another, such a microclimate in an apartment seems unacceptably hot.

• Autonomous heating system can be easily adjusted to the desired mode of operation. For example, if homeowners are absent from home all day, then there is no need to “drive” the heating system in vain. You can set it to the minimum required heating, and upon arrival home, the temperature of the coolant can be increased.

Many modern heating boilers are equipped with operating mode programming systems that can be set both according to the daily routine of the owners, and according to the alternation of weekends and working days. For example, by the time the owners come home from work or study, the system will automatically bring the temperature in the rooms to the most comfortable level.

Many modern heating boilers are equipped with control units connected to GSM or IP communication channels. Thanks to this, they can be controlled remotely and remotely using a phone or computer.

• Payment for heating will also be significantly reduced due to lower energy consumption, since modern boilers, both gas and electric, are tuned for minimal energy consumption and its most efficient use - they have a high efficiency, reaching up to 95 ÷ 100%.
• By choosing a unit with two circuits for installation, it is quite possible to refuse not only central heating, but also hot water supply. Thanks to this, the apartment will always have hot water, regardless of whether preventive work is carried out in the heating network in the summer or not.
• Another important factor in cost savings is that payment for heating will be made only in the winter, when the system is actually in operation. The fact is that you will have to pay only for an electric or gas meter (depending on the choice of the boiler). There is an opportunity to clearly personally control the consumption of resources. For central heating, you usually have to pay year-round.

However, in order to transfer an apartment to independent heating and hot water supply, you will have to go through a lot of bureaucratic formalities. They can be attributed to the main disadvantages of such a reorganization.

• All work carried out must be agreed with the relevant organizations and carried out in accordance with established rules. Unauthorized reconstruction will not remove the obligation to pay the costs for the provided central heating services, and also threatens to impose a large fine on the owner of the housing.
• Paperwork both for turning off central communications, and for drawing up a project, as well as installing autonomous equipment, will require a lot of time, patience and money.
• If you plan to use a gas boiler for heating, then the room where it will be installed must be equipped with an effective ventilation system, as well as a chimney.

• Installation work on the installation of a gas boiler must be carried out by qualified specialists from the relevant organization. Therefore, it will not be possible to implement them on their own - and this also entails additional costs.
• In addition to the costs of installation work, the reconstruction will require considerable costs both for paperwork and the purchase of all necessary equipment.
• Responsibility for the safe operation of autonomous heating, as well as for carrying out preventive maintenance, rests with the homeowners. Control over the implementation of all these regulations is carried out by specialists of the relevant organizations. The owner of the apartment will be obliged to provide unhindered access to the heating equipment.

Despite all the difficulties with the design and installation of an autonomous system, as well as one-time rather high costs, the benefits of this heating system are obvious. Over many years of operation, these investments will certainly pay off. and even several times. And the most favorable microclimate for the owners will always be maintained in the apartment.

Documents required for the transition to autonomous heating

The first thing to consider when starting a reconstruction is the timing of paperwork. Therefore, if it is planned to receive heat from an individual heating boiler next winter, then the process must be started in advance. So, practice shows that permits are issued and "wander through the authorities" within three to five months. Installation work can begin only after all permits have been received, and they will take several days.

Approval and obtaining permits

It is necessary to start this whole lengthy process by clarifying the list of documents required for drafting a project, purchasing and installing equipment. There is a list of documentation approved by Art. 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation "The basis for the reconstruction and (or) redevelopment of residential premises." This document is taken as a basis, since when installing a heating boiler, as a rule, some redevelopment is required.

Redevelopment in apartments of multi-storey buildings should be carried out in accordance with established requirements and in agreement with local governments. To obtain approval, a package is collected, consisting of the following documents:

• Application-petition for redevelopment of residential premises. The standard form of this petition is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
• A copy of the certificate of the right to own housing, certified by a notary, is an agreement on transferring it to ownership or the right to inherit.
• Also, a photocopy of the technical passport of the apartment certified by a public notary.
• Designed housing redevelopment project.
• A copy of the document, which indicates all the tenants registered in this apartment.
• Consent to the redevelopment of the premises. This document is a list of all adult residents of the apartment, indicating the full name and year of birth. Opposite their name, each of them must put a personal signature, which confirms the consent. The document is drawn up on one sheet.
• If the house in which the apartment is located belongs to architectural monuments, then a permit from the organization involved in the protection of cultural heritage will be required.

When addressing the collected package to local authorities, the owner of the apartment should know that they are not entitled to demand additional documents from him that are not provided for by the above article. Having handed over the package for approval, in return for it, the owner of the apartment must receive a receipt, which will list all the documents contained in it.

Further, the self-government organization, after appropriate verification and approval, sends the package to the administration of the city or administrative region, where the documents are approved. In this case, it is necessary to know the time frame during which the applicant must be provided with a reasoned answer.

Consideration of the application and the issuance of a verdict on permission or refusal must be given no later than one and a half months (45 days) from the date of submission of the documentation. And the applicant must receive his copy of the conclusion issued by the commission no later than three days after the decision is made.

The ban on redevelopment of housing may be due to the deterioration of the living conditions of other residents of the house or apartment. This moment is indicated in the norms and rules for the technical operation of housing, approved by the Gosstroy of Russia No. 170 dated September 27, 2003.

As indicated in the list of documents, it includes a project for the redevelopment of the living quarters. Before the project is drawn up, it is necessary to obtain permission from the controlling gas and heat supply organizations to disconnect from the central communication systems and install autonomous gas equipment. If permission is obtained, then a project is drawn up for the reconstruction of the premises and the installation of an autonomous heating system. The finished project is coordinated with the relevant organizations.

All of the above documents, except for the project itself, must be prepared in advance, as they will need to be presented in all instances that affect the drafting of the project.

Documentation is issued in the following order:

• The first step will be to visit the city or district heating networks. In this organization, you must obtain permission to turn off the apartment from central heating. A permit document can be obtained if the disconnection of communications from a particular apartment does not disrupt the operation of the engineering equipment of the entire house or the apartments located next to it. There can be no other justification for refusal.

In some cases, the application for disconnection from the heating network is submitted through the housing department.

If an unreasonable refusal is received from the heat supply organization, then it is worth contacting the courts with this document to resolve this conflict.

• Having received a positive conclusion from the heating systems, you can go with it to the gas service of the city or district. There it is necessary to obtain technical conditions for the installation of stand-alone equipment. This document must be issued within ten calendar days from the date of application.
• When both permits are obtained, you can go to the design department of the energy company or to another design organization authorized to deal with residential buildings. If the heating boiler was purchased in advance, then its passport with technical characteristics should be attached to the general package. The project will take into account all the submitted data, including the technical conditions for the organization of autonomous heating.

In order to get acquainted with the requirements that regulatory organizations impose when issuing permits, it is necessary to study the document SNiP41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning" clause 6.2 "Individual heating systems".

If there is no possibility or desire to independently solve the problems of permits with design organizations, then their execution can be entrusted to the design company. In some regions of the Russian Federation, this process is handled by one of the departments of the gas service. These additional services, of course, are already provided for a fee.

Drafting a project

The reconstruction project is drawn up according to the submitted documentation. Therefore, before transferring the package to the design organization, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the technical conditions obtained in the gas sector. Given them, you must independently draw up a sketch of the desired (from the point of view of the owner) location of the heating equipment.

However, it is necessary to correctly imagine the situation - the exact place where the boiler will be installed can be determined by specialists after they study the floor plan of the apartment.

The project is the main document according to which the premises will be reorganized, and then the heating equipment will be installed. Therefore, the efficiency of the system and the convenience of its operation will depend on how correctly it will be developed.

The project includes a considerable amount of information that characterizes the heating system being created:

• The climatic conditions of the region in which the house is located.
• The main technical and operational characteristics of the building.
• Energy carriers that can be used for the functioning of autonomous heating.
• The characteristics of the heated premises of the apartment are their area and volume, the number of rooms, the location of the loggias.
• financial side of the issue.

Based on the collected and systematized information, the location of the boiler, its recommended type, as well as the required heat output are determined.

Specialists of design or energy companies will make accurate calculations, making the heating system not only efficient, but also economical to the maximum. If the organizations that will subsequently approve the documentation are developing projects themselves, then it is best to take this opportunity and entrust the development of it to them. In this case, there will be no possibility that serious errors or omissions will be made in the document.

However, whoever is entrusted with the task of compiling the project, the customer must actively interact with its developers. This is due to the fact that in the process of work, several options for redevelopment are often considered. These options are presented to the customer for consideration, and he chooses the most optimal of them - already from the point of view of the owner of the apartment. The parameters of the heater, as well as the range of parts, materials and components necessary for the installation of the system, often depend on this choice.

The project is being developed in stages:

• The first step is to consider the sketch of the equipment location provided by the customer. If the owner of the apartment has not developed his own version, then it is best to draw up a sketch together with a specialist designer.
• Further, the paths for laying the heating circuit are considered and determined. If you plan to leave the old circuit without replacement, only with the necessary modifications, the developer must be warned about this in advance.
• The next step is to prepare documentation on the main components and devices of the heating system.
• An estimate is being made.

Specialists responsible for a particular area of ​​operation of the heating system will definitely take part in the drafting of the project - this is heat supply, ventilation, energy supply, and, if necessary, architecture.

As a result, the documentation will consist of several parts, each of which defines different aspects of the project implementation:

• Descriptive part. It provides data on the meaning and content of the project. This section consists of several subsections:

- the location of the apartment in the construction of the house;

- features of the layout of the apartment and the location of living rooms.

This section specifies where the apartment is located - in the middle part of the building or from its end, regional climate features are indicated. This information is necessary to determine the type and optimal power of heating equipment, including the boiler itself, radiators or other heat exchange devices.

• Technological calculations are the main part of the project. This section determines the volume of coolant required for the operation of the heating unit in different modes. In addition, the optimal temperature for its heating is indicated, which will provide comfortable conditions in all areas of the apartment.

Based on the calculated parameters, the power of the boiler for heating is selected (as a rule, a double-circuit one, that is, immediately and to solve the problem of autonomous hot water supply).

This part also defines possible heat losses during room heating. And on the basis of the obtained indicators, conclusions are drawn about the efficiency of the heating system.

All calculated data are reflected in the graphic diagram, which is also included in this part of the project. This document will become a guide for installers during the practical implementation of the project. By the way, all these parameters must be strictly observed during installation and installation work. Otherwise, the commission accepting the system into operation may simply not allow its launch.

• Specification. This part of the project provides information on all the necessary components and materials for the installation of the heating system. The same section may include a drawing-scheme, which indicates the location of devices and connecting nodes.

This information is used when acquiring everything necessary for the assembly of the heating system, and then - when bringing its installation.

• Recently, the project is often supplemented with a graphic representation of what should be the result. This part of the project helps to visualize how the heating system will look after it is installed. The image is made using computer programs, usually in three-dimensional projection.

When submitting an application for the preparation of project documentation, it is necessary to clarify the reasons for the transition to individual heating. This is necessary so that specialists know what to focus on when working on a project.

After the project is ready, a copy of it must be sent to the company that will control the subsequent operation of the equipment.

You may be interested in information about what is

Equipment for autonomous heating of an apartment

Another question that necessarily arises before the owner of an apartment who decides to transfer it to autonomous heating is the choice of a boiler according to the power source. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307, paragraph 44 of 04/16/12, which refers to heat supply systems, identifies devices that do not meet the established safety requirements. Therefore, the units included in the list of this document are prohibited for installation in apartments located in multi-storey buildings.

Simply put, in this case, only one of two options can be chosen - an electric boiler or a gas-fired one. Which one is better suited for the conditions of the apartment, more economical and safer?

To answer these questions, we can briefly consider their characteristic features.

A gas boiler

For autonomous apartment heating, gas boilers are often used. However, when choosing a unit, you need to know that it must meet certain requirements. These conditions are defined to maintain safety as well as the efficiency of the system.

These requirements include the design features of the unit:

• The boiler must have a sealed (closed) combustion chamber.
• Automatic shutdown of the gas supply should be provided in the following cases:

- when the burner flame goes out;

- in case of malfunctions in the protection circuit;

- in the event of a power outage;

- when the gas supply pressure drops below the limit value:

- when the coolant overheats above the established norm;

- in the presence of malfunctions in the chimney system.

• The permissible heating temperature of the coolant should not exceed 95 degrees.
• The coolant pressure in the system should not exceed 1 MPa.

In addition, gas boilers are divided into single and double-circuit, for example,. As mentioned above, the former are designed only for heating the apartment, and the latter - both for space heating and for heating hot water for domestic needs. Naturally, zealous owners most often prefer the second option.

When submitting an application for disconnection from the heating network, it is necessary to indicate the type of device in it. This is due to the fact that consent must be obtained from heating networks to disconnect not only from the central heating main, but also from the hot water supply.

Another important factor is the choice of the type of boiler at the location, as they are floor or wall. Due to the small areas of most city apartments, wall-mounted options are most often preferred, since boiler equipment is installed in kitchens or on an insulated loggia.

Wall-mounted boilers have a fairly compact size and neat exterior design. They practically do not differ in appearance from ordinary gas water heaters. The chimney from the heating gas unit is brought out into the street through the outer wall of the house, therefore, this particular wall or adjacent to it is chosen for its placement. The window next to which the boiler is hung often immediately solves the issue of ventilation of the room.

The wall-mounted boiler has ample power to heat a standard-sized apartment.

If funds permit, a condensing boiler should be preferred. It is more efficient and economical in operation - it implements an additional selection of thermal power due to the condensation of water vapor contained in the combustion products of natural gas. The gain in useful power compared to a conventional boiler with equal consumption of "blue fuel" is 10 percent or more.

Gas boilers for heating and hot water supply - which one to choose?

A wide variety of gas boilers on sale can, to a certain extent, play a “cruel joke” with the consumer - significantly complicate the choice of a suitable model. What parameters should be paid special attention to, which models should be preferred? About all this in a separate - in a separate publication of our portal.

Arrangement of a room for the installation of a gas boiler

Separately, it is necessary to mention the premises of the apartment where it is planned to install gas equipment. The safety of the residents of the entire house will depend on its proper arrangement.

To place a gas boiler, you cannot choose an arbitrary room of the apartment, guided by some of your own master's interests. The premises must meet certain requirements, the list of which includes the following points:

• The equipment cannot be installed in any of the living rooms of the apartment.
• The area of ​​the room must be at least 4 m².
• The entrance door to the room cannot be less than 800 mm wide.
• The room must have a window facing the street.
• The unit is hung on a wall or installed on the floor, at a distance of at least 300 mm from another gas-powered appliance, such as a stove.
• It is not allowed to connect the chimney of a gas boiler, as well as the columns, to the general house ventilation system. The pipe must be brought outside through the outer wall. The most convenient in this respect is the use of coaxial chimneys with forced air intake and exhaust of combustion products.
• Some gas boilers with high power require the installation of forced ventilation in the room, that is, equipped with an exhaust fan. If such a requirement is indicated in the technical conditions for arranging a room for installing a specific boiler model, then a fan of the appropriate capacity will have to be inserted into the window.
• The wall-mounted boiler can only be installed on a wall made of non-combustible material. The floor area under the floor version of the device is usually lined with ceramic tiles.

If at least one of the requirements cannot be met, the commission that accepts the gas equipment will not sign the act of permission to put it into operation.

Based on the list of requirements, we can conclude that the gas boiler can be installed in the kitchen or in the loggia associated with it. The loggia must be well insulated in advance. These rooms are most suitable for the installation of gas equipment, since the gas supply riser is traditionally located in the kitchen.

The kitchen room of the apartment must have a window facing the street, as well as a doorway of the required width. In addition, general ventilation channels pass through the kitchen, which are also necessary when arranging a room for a “mini-boiler room”.

Gas boiler prices

a gas boiler

Electric heating of the apartment

Unlike gas equipment, it is much easier to install an electric heating option, since there are much more places where, for example, the same boiler can be hung on a wall.

The main thing to consider when choosing the area for installing equipment is the possibility of connecting a heating circuit to it, as well as supplying a power supply line of the required power. The presence of a ventilation system, as well as pipes for the removal of combustion products, is not required.

If it is decided to choose an electric heating option, then before starting the implementation of the plan, it is necessary to contact the energy company with a request to check the availability of free energy resources in the house. This organization must give written permission to connect devices of the required power and apply for disconnecting the apartment from the central heating and hot water supply. The homeowner must submit this application to the heating network, and a copy of it is attached to the general package of documents.

The list of other documentation for the transition to electric heating will have to be clarified with the energy company, as well as with the self-government organization. The administrative regions of Russia may have their own requirements for the use of electricity for heating.

In any case, for the installation of electric heating equipment, the number of documents that will have to be collected will be much less than when choosing a gas boiler.

Heating an apartment from electricity can be implemented in different ways, which allows you to choose the best option for a particular case:

• Installation of an electric boiler with connection to a classic heating circuit with a coolant circulating in it.
• Direct heating from separately installed convector appliances
• Fixed or mobile infrared heaters or fan heaters.
• Underfloor heating system using a heating cable or infrared film.
• Several different electrical appliances used in the complex.

You may be interested in information about what characteristics they have.

Heating with an electric boiler

If it is intended to leave the heating circuit in its original state, only by disconnecting it from the central heating, then it is connected to an electric boiler. Passing through the heat exchanger of the electrical unit, the coolant is heated and enters the closed heating circuit. Then, having passed the circle and cooled down, it returns again for heating. To make the circulation of the coolant more intense and controlled, a special circulation pump is built into the system.

Modern electric boilers are equipped with automatic control. Thanks to such systems, the boiler can be programmed not only for a specific coolant temperature, but also for a specific mode of operation by hours and days of the week. That is, the device will not function constantly, but at the time and with the heat output that is beneficial to the owners of the home.

In specialized stores, wall-mounted models of electric boilers with a power of 5 to 60 kW are presented, as well as floor-standing options that have a much higher power of 60 kW or more.

To determine which of the models in terms of power to choose will help the specialists producing in the preparation of the project. The choice of the unit will depend on the characteristics of the heated apartment, its area, the number of windows and balconies, the type of window frames installed, etc. An approximate guideline when choosing the power of a heating boiler is 1 kW per 10 m² of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment, although these can be argued with.

If it is necessary to install a boiler with a power of 9 kW or more to heat housing, then you will have to re-equip the apartment's electrical network - start a three-phase line and install a three-phase meter. A unit with a larger capacity may only be installed with the approval of the home maintenance utility. But, as a rule, since we are talking about an ordinary apartment, single-phase units with a power of up to 9 kW are more than enough.

You might be interested in information on how to choose

An electric boiler can be installed in the kitchen, bathroom, one of the utility rooms or in the hallway. And all the necessary communications (pipes and cables) can be placed hidden - remove them into the wall or under the floor surface.

By the way, electric boilers are completely miniature. For example, electrode-type units are distinguished by their compactness. That is, finding the best place for them will be even easier. You may be interested in information about how they have proven themselves

You can talk a lot about electric boilers, as they are represented by several types, differing even in the principle of converting electrical energy into thermal energy. But it is better to read about it in a separate detailed publication.

What is an electric boiler and how to choose one?

These units attract with their compactness, ease of installation and management, high performance. A special article of our portal will help to understand the diversity and even independently calculate the required power.

Priceselectric boiler

electric boiler

Heating an apartment on the principle of direct heating with electrical appliances

This heating option includes heating from separately located electric heaters or a “warm floor” system. They can also be used in combination.

This heating option is chosen in cases where you want to get rid of the heating circuit pipeline, as well as radiators that, according to the owners, spoil the interior of the premises.

In addition to convectors, the rooms can be equipped with a system of cable or film infrared "warm floor". The simplest and most affordable, both in terms of price and complexity of installation, is the film version. It can be equipped with ordinary linoleum or laminate and does not require hiding with a screed.

When using two different types of heating devices for heating, they can be combined into one system for ease of control by connecting to a common monitoring and control unit. With the help of automation, temperature regimes can be set for different times of the day, as well as for the days of the week. If there is no desire to complicate the heating settings, then the system can also be adjusted manually by setting the desired temperature directly on the convectors or on the “warm floor” thermostat. This option is convenient in that you can set different temperatures in each of the rooms.

You may be interested in information on how

* * * * * * *

Let's sum up the electric independent heating of the apartment.

If electricity is chosen as the source of energy, then in order to ensure safety, it is necessary to equip a ground loop. Without its installation, the commission may not issue a permit for the operation of autonomous heating.

Electric heating, unlike gas, is a safer option. Compared to central heating, it also has the advantage of being able to precisely set the desired temperature, as well as paying only when it is actually used.

The disadvantage of heating from the power supply can be called the fact that if the electricity is turned off for any reason, the apartment will remain not only without light, but also without heat. And if in the area where the apartment is located, power outage is a constant phenomenon, then it is better to give preference to gas equipment.

In addition, electric heating is still a very "expensive pleasure", especially since the upward trend in electricity tariffs looks depressingly stable.

But if, nevertheless, it is the electric option that is chosen, then you should listen to the recommendations of experts:

• For heating from electricity, it is necessary to stretch a dedicated power cable from the switchboard.
• For autonomous electric heating, it is necessary to install a residual current device (RCD) or a differential machine. They are designed to protect against damage in case of current leakage to the body of electrical appliances. This is especially true if the circuit is assembled from metal pipes.
• In order to save as much as possible on electricity consumption when using it at night grace hours or at weekend rates, it is recommended to install a multi-tariff meter.

Some nuances of installation work on the installation of an autonomous heating system for an apartment

All work related to the reconstruction of the heating system in the apartment is carried out only by specialists of companies that provide heat supply to the housing stock. The task of the masters will be the following actions:

• Temporary shutdown of house central heating mains.
• Cutting the heating circuit or heating radiators from the risers with the subsequent restoration of the integrity of these risers.
• Connecting a closed circuit of an apartment to a gas or electric heater.
• Testing the installed system.

These rules are in place to ensure the safety of both the owners of a particular apartment and the residents of the entire building.

On your own (with your own hands or with the invitation of experienced plumbers) you can install pipes and install heating batteries if you plan to completely change the circuit. This is usually done after cutting off the radiators in the rooms from the risers. It is worth taking on such work if you have good skills in conducting plumbing installation operations. At the same time, the assembly of a new heating circuit is carried out strictly according to the scheme attached to the design documents, with strict observance of the specification and all other parameters of the system being created.

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Before you decide to reconstruct the heating and hot water supply in the apartment, refusing the services of centralized heating in favor of autonomous heating, you need to carefully consider all the points. In addition, it is recommended to calculate the cost of arrangement and the possibility of savings in the operation of an autonomous system. After weighing all the pros & cons, you can make the final decision.

By the way, we should not forget that, alas, you still have to pay for general house heating. True, these amounts will be incomparably small compared to those that came earlier monthly and year-round.

You might be interested in knowing what is

Finally - a video in which the owner of the apartment, who has been using an autonomous gas heating system for more than a year, shares his vision of its advantages and disadvantages. learn from the link.

Video: Autonomous heating in the apartment - "pros" and "cons"

Evgeny AfanasievChief Editor

Publication author 19.08.2018