The foundation, as everyone knows, is the underground part of the house, bearing the load from all its structures. In the construction of private houses, several are used. It can be a columnar, tape, slab or pile version.
The most acceptable is usually the strip foundation. This type is distinguished by the optimal combination of high reliability, ease of construction and low cost. Such a base can be used on almost all types of soil, with the exception of very wet and subject to movement.
I must say that the device of the strip foundation is a fairly simple process. This is a continuous strip of brick, stone or concrete, passing under the building along its entire perimeter. A prefabricated strip foundation made of prefabricated blocks is also used.
Brick foundation will not be too cheap. The base of the finished blocks is arranged very quickly, but this is a rather expensive option. Therefore, the construction of a monolithic is usually the most acceptable solution.
Preliminary geodetic surveys are carried out. Based on the research, some features of the construction technology, the depth of the foundation and other parameters are determined.
The tape device also involves preliminary preparation of the site and careful marking. Marking is carried out using pegs and twine. Pegs are driven into all corners of the future building, then twine is pulled between them. All corners should be perfectly straight, and opposite sides should be parallel and the same length. Mark both the inner and outer perimeter of the future concrete tape.
The device of the strip foundation begins with digging a foundation pit. 
Its depth can depend on many factors. Usually it is about 50-70 cm. The bottom is leveled and a pillow of sand is laid on it. The thickness of the sand cushion should be 12-20 cm. After that, the formwork is mounted. Spacers are also used for it.
Reinforcement is installed simultaneously with the formwork. Usually the bars are mounted in two rows and fastened with horizontal bars. It is best to use not welded reinforcement, but tie up the rods with a special wire. The installation of a strip foundation with such reinforcement reduces the likelihood of its corrosion, and, consequently, increases its service life.
Concrete is poured in small layers, about 15 cm each. Each layer is compacted. Sometimes the device of strip foundations involves the addition of rubble stone to concrete. In this case, the layers are stacked alternately. First a layer of concrete, then stone, and then another layer of concrete.
The strip foundation is finished with waterproofing work. After the concrete tape has stood for a week and a half, the formwork can be dismantled. As roofing material is also used. The outer walls of the tape are covered with mastic and ruberoid is glued onto it. Do the same for the top of the foundation. Then you need to fill up the gaps between the walls of the tape and the pit. Sprinkle them with sand, in small layers, which are rammed with water. The foundation is ready.
