Self-education literary examples. Essay on the topic "Self-education

Everything in the world moves, changes, and we are the same. Therefore, it is necessary to find your place in life, to determine moral values \u200b\u200band principles, develop talents, self-actualize, learn to resist negative factors.

In a dynamic life, only he will find himself who will constantly change, self-improve. And thanks to self-education, you can develop such character traits as willpower, purposefulness, self-confidence, patience. This is exactly what we will talk about in our article.

The meaning of the term "self-education"

This is the deliberate work of the individual, aimed at improving positive characteristics and eliminating negative character traits.

The essence of self-education lies in the purposeful implementation of the genetically inherent potential. To get it out, you need to know well the peculiarities of your temper. And not only positive character traits, but also negative ones, which we do not want to recognize and do not know how to identify. To do this, you need to learn to think critically, analyzing your actions.

The troubles that happened, as a rule, are attributed to anything, the life situation, to the people around, bad weather and even poor health. The goal of self-education is to learn to look for the problem in yourself, to take responsibility for everything.

Self-education stages

We found out that its goal is to get rid of disadvantages and gain advantages. The main thing is to get rid of laziness, which interferes with the achievement of the task. So the stages:

1. Decision-making. This is nothing more than an awareness of the way of life, and an understanding of what self-education will give.
2. Self-knowledge and assessment of the level of self-development of one's own qualities and personality in general. Acquisition of skills of independent work in the area in which a person wants to be successful.
3. Drawing up a plan for self-education.
4. Its implementation. Work on yourself in the chosen activity. Without it, the desire to improve yourself is not realized.

It is necessary to put a barrier to factors that distract from the process of self-improvement. Let's consider this on the example of self-education from life. Let's say a child decided to do homework, opened a textbook, a friend calls and invites him to play on the computer. The first one thinks about doing homework during recess or trying a new game with a friend. A protracted decision is an indecision that must be dealt with. How to overcome it?

He offered a visual comparison of all the pros and cons of the event. Let us consider the example of solving the question "Play the computer or not?" We will compare the arguments, evaluating them on a three-point scale. The most important aspects for the highest score, less than one or two points.

Reasons for playing computer:

1. A very addicting new game - 3.
2. It is extremely inconvenient to refuse a friend - 3.

The arguments against the game:

1. I cannot prepare lessons - 1.
2. I will grab one unit for an unfulfilled task - 3.
3. We'll have to blush before class - 3.
4. Not ashamed of the teacher - 3.
5. A bad grade will disappoint mom and dad - 3.

Total - 13.

Having prioritized, we conclude: you must first do your homework.

L. N. Tolstoy

Let's give examples of self-education from the life of great people. LN Tolstoy, as a young man, kept a diary in which he set out moral principles and followed them, wrote down the rules for the education of will. At first they were simple, such as the daily routine, and then they became more complicated. Some of them:

• Focusing on one subject.
• Cope on your own whenever possible.
• Execute everything written.
• Only if necessary, start a new business without finishing the old one.
• Always think about the main goal.

Tolstoy and other great people understood that freedom and character can be brought up in a struggle with oneself, overcoming difficulties, performing a series of exercises, going through all obstacles, performing actions. He was happy when he was able to make a note of the work done. The diary helped the great writer get rid of his shortcomings.

His example of self-education from life shows how he achieved this. Tolstoy was extremely self-critical, serious and mercilessly demanding of himself.

The phenomenon of self-education of a wonderful teacher-educator K. D. Ushinsky

The future famous teacher worked hard to educate his personality. He developed a special plan for self-education. He set himself the tasks of improving character, strengthening willpower, and developing perseverance. Subsequently, in the textbook of L.N. Yakovenko, on the basis of his works, students were asked to draw up a self-education plan on their own and follow it. Consider his requirements for himself:

• Complete pacification, albeit external.
• Straightness in everything.
• Fearlessness.
• Discretion in action.
• Use of time profitably, do what you want, but not have to.
• Don't brag.
• Every day to sum up the work done and others.

His example of self-education from life is a role model for the younger generation and teachers.

Let's talk a little about self-education methods

When planning your own plan, you need to decide on the methods:

1. Self-persuasion. The method consists in identifying shortcomings and convincing oneself to eliminate them. Moreover, the found negative character trait, which is being worked on, needs to be pronounced aloud. Self-hypnosis. The student independently undertakes to influence his psyche and feelings. Once these attitudes are fixed in consciousness, they will determine its actions.
2. Self-commitment. The method is similar to the previous one. Its essence is to take on certain obligations in achieving the goal of eliminating the deficiency.
3. Self-criticism. The student in his work on himself is subjected to self-criticism in order to activate the determination to overcome as soon as possible.
4. Empathy. This is the ability to empathize, to put yourself in the shoes of another person. Seeing how people with hostility perceive callousness, anger, callousness, empathizing with them, the child thinks about how to eradicate them from himself.
5. Self-order. An effective method that allows you to educate volitional qualities that help, force you to work out and follow the written rules.
6. Self-punishment. Everything is clear here, in case of non-fulfillment or deviation from the outlined rules of behavior, in relation to oneself it is necessary to select and apply a certain punishment.

The presence of a teacher who will monitor the correctness of the implementation of the drawn up program, of course, will facilitate the process of self-education of the individual. But independent work still bears more fruit, because willpower is brought up. So, we examined examples of self-education from the life of great people, its methods and stages.

Let's talk about famous people engaged in self-education

The ingenious Russian traveler V.K.Arseniev was also engaged in self-education of himself and his son. To develop willpower, he prescribed the following recommendations to the child:

• Don't put things off the next day.
• Never hesitate.
• Don't wait for the right time, act.
• You have to work hard all the time.
• Be bold in your decision.
• Do not waste your energy in vain.
• You need to get rid of bad habits today, not tomorrow.
• Respect yourself and others.

Examples of self-education from the lives of famous people are a kind of reminder for creating your own self-improvement program. And only daily hard work on yourself will allow you to achieve your goal.

What example of self-education from life can be chosen for writing?

The great Russian commander A.V.Suvorov will become an example of the education of will. As a small child, he was weak and sickly. He dreamed of a military career, and went against the will of his parents. And he managed to become an example of masculinity, resilience, perseverance. Suvorov acquired a strong character, achieved outstanding achievements in military affairs. There are many examples from life about the self-education of great people, each story will be unique and interesting.

If your child does not have the qualities inherent in Suvorov?

When a baby is unable to set such great goals, and indeed he does not want to change anything, the only effective method is the example of parents. On a subconscious level, the child will absorb your model of behavior: a healthy lifestyle, neatness, self-education, and so on. Here is another example of self-education from a person's life.

A seventh grade student independently began to keep a diary in which he made notes - commitments in order to develop willpower and desired positive character traits. Here is some of them:

• When it's time for lessons, he leaves everything.
• Will not go to a friend until he has done his homework.
• He does physical education every morning.
• Brings everything to the end.
• Doesn't boast about success.

He fixed this list of obligations in a prominent place. Gradually changed the rules as he acquired certain advantages. Until he has developed a habit of following them. And yet, remember: the success of work on yourself will depend directly on the correct daily routine.

So, in our article we gave examples from life on the topic of "Self-education", we learned what the term means and why a person should educate himself. Self-education has a beginning but no end. Real life examples show that you can change yourself at any age, the main thing is to find your own approach.

Task 15.3

How do you understand the meaning of the word SELF-EDUCATION?Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay on the topic: "What is self-education" , taking your definition as a thesis.
Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) example arguments, confirming your reasoning: give one example-argument from the read text, and second - from your life experience.
The volume of the essay should be at least 70 words... If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is scored zero points.
Write an essay neat, legible handwriting.

Step 1I am writing an INTRODUCTION.

I formulate definition words SELF-EDUCATION.

I am asking for help text for presentation (see the collection of I.P. Tsybulko p. 221 "Text for presentation to options 13-16", paragraph 2)... There are lines like this:

Self-education is a conscious attitude to one's own life, one's thoughts and plans, and above all to one's own actions.

Now you need comment on given definition, otherwise 1 point according to C3K1 criteria Interpretation of the meaning of the word (collection of I.P. Tsybulko p. 235) will be lost.
The comment could be like this:

Self-education plays an important role in the formation of a person. This is a complex process that requires volitional efforts from a person.

Combining definition and comment:

Self-education is a conscious attitude to one's own life, one's thoughts and plans, and above all to one's own actions. Self-education plays an important role in the formation of a person as a person. This is a complex process that requires volitional efforts from a person. (35 words)

Step 2 I formulate the 1st argument (from the read text).

This argument needs briefly tell About,who in the text of K. Osipov is engaged in self-education and how he does it.

I highlight key proposals, which I will rely on when writing an argument: 2-9, 11-14.

The argument is built on the following scheme:

1.thesis (the thought that I will prove is the first sentence),
2.proofs (story about Suvorov),
3. microinference (last sentence of the argument).

Most great people achieve victory and glory by working on themselves, overcoming their shortcomings and developing their best qualities. One of them - the legendary A.V. Suvorov - is described in his text by K. Osipov. E even as a child, the future commander managed to overcome what prevented him from realizing his dream of military service: physical imperfection, insufficient upbringing and education, and even the lack of support from his father. For this, young Suvorov developed a whole system of self-education, which included tempering, self-education and reading military books. It is striking with what persistence a ten-year-old boy prepared himself for military activity. (86 words)

Step 3 I am formulating the 2nd argument (from my own life experience).

Now I'm thinking about the second argument.
You can remember thathow great people worked on themselves.

• Alexander Nevskiy,
• Dmitry Donskoy,
• Mikhail Kutuzov,
• Vasily Chapaev,
• Georgy Zhukov,
• Lev Tolstoy,
• Maxim Gorky and others.

L. N. Tolstoy in adolescence, he starts a diary, notes his shortcomings in it, makes plans for self-education and self-education for various periods, describes the progress of work on himself, analyzes mistakes; outlines new, general and private plans for self-education.

Seriously self-educated A. P. Chekhov... In one of the letters to his wife, O. L. Knipper-Chekhova, Anton Pavlovich wrote: “You ... envy my character. I must tell you that by nature I have a harsh character, I am hot-tempered, etc., etc. But I am used to restraining myself, because it is not appropriate for a decent person to dissolve myself ... "

The great Russian traveler paid great attention to self-education of himself and his son V.K. Arseniev. For self-education of will, he recommended his son to adhere to the following commandments: 1. One today is better than a hundred tomorrow. 2. Delay is like death. 3. Do not wait for a favorable moment, but create it yourself. 4. Either work or die. 5. Enforce your decisions immediately. 6. Do not waste energy on aimless hesitation. 7. Not a single great thing has been done by indecisive people. 8. Nothing is more valuable than persistence and patience. 9. Twenty things half done are not worth one done. 10. Overcoming bad habits is better today than tomorrow. 11. Do not adhere to the charter like a blind wall. 12. Have self-respect. 13. Get used to thoroughness and accuracy. 14. Your life is what you will make of it yourself.

Interesting are the moral and volitional norms of behavior that the great Russian teacher followed in his work on himself K. D. Ushinsky: 1. Perfect calm, at least - external. 2. Straightforwardness in words and deeds. 3. Deliberation in action. 4. Decisiveness. 5. Do not talk about yourself unnecessarily a single word. 6. Don't spend time unconsciously; do what you want, not what happens. 7. Every evening, honestly give an account of your actions. 8. Never brag about what was, what is, or what will be.Ushinsky gave the impression of a person who knew how to perfectly manage his actions, his own personality.

Working day Peter the Great... “I am a king, and I have calluses on my hands,” Peter 1 liked to say. He did not tolerate idleness, and his day was filled to the limit. I got up very early before dawn. At 3-4 o'clock in the morning - the Council of Ministers, then control over the construction of ships in the Admiralty. Often he himself took up the ax. Then at home he did his favorite turning business. During his life, he mastered 14 crafts. Then lunch, rest. And again - to the workshops, to the construction, to inspect the ships. In the evening he visited friends and went to bed early. “Time is business - fun is an hour,” Peter often reminded those around him.

You can write about their own self-education program.

• option 14 (about Demosthenes),
• option 15 (on parole),
• option 16 (about Meresiev).

I will focus on Demosthenes. I use the same schemaas when writing the 1st argument.

The famous Demosthenes was also seriously engaged in self-education. From a young age, the ancient Greek dreamed of gloryspeaker. Meanwhile, he was tongue-tied, had a weak voice, short breathing, a habit of twitching his shoulder. Then oh he began to learn to pronounce words clearly, picking stones in his mouth, read poets loudly, and practiced facial expressions in front of a mirror. Studying samples of eloquence, Demosthenes did not leave the room for weeks. His first attempts to speak publicly were unsuccessful, but the future speaker continued to work on himself. So, n with persistence and hard work, he achieved his. (79 words)

1. (49 words) In the work of A.S. Pushkin Eugene Onegin paid great attention to reading books, also making notes in them. We can say that partly thanks to cognitive literature, he formed his personality and brought up certain qualities in himself: "He scolded Homer, Theocritus, but he read Adam Smith and was a deep economist ...". This is self-education.
2. (51 words) In Fonvizin's comedy "The Minor" Mrs. Prostakova spends a lot of money on her son's education, but Mitrofanushka remains a poorly educated and ignorant young man. The reason is that the hero himself did not educate himself, unlike the virtuous Sophia, who exercised her mind and maintained her spiritual purity. Her example serves as an answer to the question posed.
3. (51 words) In Bulgakov's story "Heart of a Dog" the professor understood the meaning of self-education when he decided to stop the main experiment in his life - to turn Sharikov back into a dog. He realized that a creature becomes a human only when it educates itself and strives for the best. His creation only echoed the will of others and did not think about personal growth.
4. (44 words) In Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man" Andrei Sokolov brought up a real hero in himself. Both at the front and in captivity, he did not become bitter and did not betray his fatherland, but retained the best human traits in himself thanks to discipline, strength of spirit and adherence to principles. All these traits are the result of self-education.
5. (45 words) In Tvardovsky's poem "Vasily Terkin" the hero did not have time to go through the school of life, but was already under the threat of death. He raised himself under bullets and in trenches. In an ordinary boy, valor, courage, patriotism and selflessness were formed. Such a heroic work on oneself can be safely called "self-education."
6. (47 words) In Ilyina's book "The Fourth Height" the heroine conquered heights all her life thanks to the fact that she managed to cultivate courage, determination and willpower. As a nurse at the front, she took the last height: she sacrificed herself, but saved dozens of soldiers. This feat became possible because Gulya was preparing herself for this.
7. (61 words) In Bykov's story "Sotnikov" the main character in the war learned to overcome difficulties and faithfully serve the fatherland. He brought up an iron will in his thin and weak body, therefore, being sick, he volunteered to go for provisions for the detachment. Because of such regular training, his character really withstood the test of strength: Sotnikov, unlike Rybak, did not betray his homeland, but went to a martyr's sake for her.
8. (58 words) In the play by A.P. Chekhov's "The Cherry Orchard" Lopakhin's father was a serf with Ranevskaya's father. According to the hero's recollections, he drank a lot and did not teach his son anything. But, even without support, Lopakhin managed to break out into people and become a symbol of a new generation thanks to self-education. He saved up money, studied the merchant business, denied himself in many ways, while the landowners went bankrupt, living on everything ready.
9. (54 words) In Griboyedov's play "Woe from Wit" Chatsky brought up his character in an original way and away from Famus society. He studied diligently, sparing no effort to get a foreign education. As a result, his advanced ideas were ahead of the times, they were not accepted, but he was firm in his convictions and defended them to the end. His power of thought and will is the result of self-education.
10. (51 words) Bazarov from the novel by I.S. Turgenev's "Fathers and Sons" says: "Each person must educate himself." By this statement, he means that a person himself must develop his ideals and values \u200b\u200band strive for them. Bazarov became a nihilist, but we have no right to condemn him, because self-education through a choice of worldview is everyone's personal business.

Examples from life, cinema, media

1. (51 words) Self-education is the ability not to give up. The protagonist of the film "Obsession" by Damien Chazelle had a dream - to become a great musician. On the way, he came across a cruel maestro, whose goal was to reveal the talent of his students through psychological stress, to give them a chance to achieve real greatness. Despite all the difficulties, the hero does not give up, showing an impromptu solo and winning public recognition.
2. (59 words) Self-education is confidence in purpose, dedication, and the effort put into making a dream come true. The famous figure skater Alina Zagitova had to leave for Moscow without her parents when she was just a child in order to build a sports career. She admits that living alone is very difficult, but she sets herself up only for victories, believing that this will benefit not only her, but also her family.
3. (57 words) The ability to say "no" to laziness is one of the main conditions for self-education. Waking up at six in the morning to go for a run, which is clearly healthy, is very difficult. Every day I wake up, presenting the final result, and I understand that it can be achieved only through work. It makes me jump out of bed, grab my sneakers and run into the park.
4. (54 words) The hero from the parable about the hunter and the Buddha understood that killing innocent animals is wrong. In order to improve, he went to the Buddha, who forced the hunter to make him three vows. He agreed. As much as he wanted to break his vow to Buddha, the man managed to withstand. Self-education is the ability to get rid of one's vice.
5. (49 words) The hero of the film of the same name by John Avildsen "Rocky", having got the chance to become the world boxing champion, was not afraid of responsibility, but began intensive training. For the sake of the goal, he set himself up for victory every day and made incredible efforts. Despite the fact that he lost the final battle, this did not prevent him from continuing to do what he loved.
6. (47 words) In all the films of the TV companies "Marvel" and "Disy" about superheroes, the story of their formation is told. For example, Batman conquered his childhood fear (his parents died at the hands of a criminal) and began to fight crime. All his exploits are the consequences of daily self-education. He trained and studied every day to fight crime on his own.
7. (45 words) Well-known public figure Nick Wulich was born without vital limbs. In his youth, he even wanted to commit suicide, because he did not see a future for himself. However, having rethought his destiny, Nick brought up the strength of mind and indomitable optimism. Now he is a successful man and a happy family man.
8. (46 words) Canadian snowboarder Mark McMorris has been seriously injured several times in his life. However, he returned to the slopes over and over again, saying that snowboarding is something he must keep doing, his habit and his future. Thus, self-education is the key that helps to overcome life's difficulties.
9. (66 words) I believe that self-education is the main triumph of life. Victory over yourself. It is not for nothing that the 33rd President of the United States, Harry Truman, said that all other victories would come with victory over himself. There is a colossal amount of work behind every success. For example, the inventor and billionaire Elon Musk was abused in school as a child, but he survived and developed willpower, thanks to which he became one of the most progressive people in the world.
10. (41 words) In H. Jackman's film The Greatest Showman, the main character was poor, but persistent and smart. Through self-education, from a beggar boy, he became a rich and famous man who achieved everything himself. This story is based on true events and serves as a good example for motivation.
Interesting? Keep it on your wall!

In my opinion, self-education is the formation of a personality with the help of the will and desire of the person himself. In order to achieve the cherished goal, most often you need to seriously work on yourself. The path of self-education is very difficult, but only it leads to the fulfillment of dreams.

The text by V.A. Kaverin tells about a hero who is keen on aviation. The narrator understands that it takes hard training to get into flight school. Hiding his intention from others, the boy daily "did gymnastics according to Anokhin's system and cold rubdowns according to Muller's system" (sentence 34). It seems to me that success awaits the hero, since he develops the qualities necessary for a pilot: determination, strength of character, perseverance.

As another argument, I will give an example from my own life. My friend Alexei never liked to read, so he often received unsatisfactory grades in literature. But when he found out that in order to enter college he needed to take an exam in this subject, Lyosha decided to overcome his laziness and began to devote an hour a day to reading. It was difficult at first, but gradually my friend began to understand literature. Now Aleksey easily completes exam tasks. This became possible only through self-education.

Thus, self-education is a process necessary for the development of a person's personality. Without self-education, it is impossible to overcome difficulties and achieve success in life.

Read others on the OGE in Russian

Source text(option 1 from the collection edited by I.P. Tsybulko) :*

(1) Back in the years when I was carried away by Amundsen, a simple idea came to my mind. (2) Here it is: Amundsen would have reached the South Pole seven times faster by plane. (3) With what difficulty he moved day after day through the endless snowy desert! (4) He walked for two months after the dogs, which eventually ate each other. (5) And by plane, he would have flown to the South Pole in a day. (6) He would not have had enough friends and acquaintances to name all the mountain peaks, glaciers and plateaus that he would have discovered in this flight.
(7) Every day I made huge extracts from polar travels. (8) I cut out notes from newspapers about the first flights to the north and pasted them into an old office book. (9) On the first page of this book it was written: "" Forward "is the name of his ship." (10) "Forward," he says and really strives forward. (11) Nansen on Amundsen. " (12) This was my motto. (13) I mentally flew by, and the plane followed Scott, Shackleton, Robert Peary. (14) On all routes. (15) And since I had an airplane at my disposal, I had to take care of its construction.
(16) According to the third paragraph of my rules: "What is decided - execute", I read "Theory of aircraft construction". (17) Oh, what a flour it was! (18) But everything that I did not understand, I learned by heart just in case.
(19) Every day I took apart my imaginary plane. (20) I studied his motor and propeller. (21) I have equipped it with the latest devices. (22) I knew him like the back of my hand. (23) One thing I still did not know: how to fly it. (24) But that's what I wanted to learn.
(25) My decision was a mystery to everyone. (26) At school they thought that I was scattering, but I didn’t want to be told about my aviation: “(27) New hobby”. (28) It was not a hobby. (29) It seemed to me that I had long ago decided to become a pilot, back in Ensk, on the day when Petka and I lay in the cathedral garden, arms outstretched in a cross, and tried to see the moon and the stars during the day, when a gray, winged fish-like plane easily bypassed the clouds and disappeared on the other side of the Sand. (30) Of course, it only seemed to me. (31) But still, it's not for nothing that I remember this plane so much. (32) It must be, and indeed then I first thought about what now occupied all my thoughts.
(32) So, I hid my secret from everyone.
(34) Every morning I did gymnastics according to Anokhin's system and cold rub-downs according to Muller's system. (35) I felt my muscles and thought: "(36) What if they won't accept it?" (37) I checked my eyes, ears, heart. (38) The school doctor said that I was healthy. (39) But health can be different - after all, he did not know that I was going to flight school. (40) What if I'm nervous? (41) What if something else? (42) Growth! (43) Cursed growth! (44) Over the past year, I have grown by only one and a half centimeters.
- (45) Will accept, - I answered resolutely.

In 2016, the range of concepts proposed at the OGE in task 15.3 was expanded and updated. Let's consider some of them: for example, what is self-doubt, life values, motherly love, fortitude, mutual assistance, self-education, moral choice, compassion, mercy, beauty. In their essays, students give arguments from the books they have read.

In each specific case, we remind the task itself, indicate which text is used, and provide the compositions of grade 9 students. For convenience, we report the total number of words in each essay.

The task:

LACK OF SELF-ESTEEM? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic "What is self-doubt", taking your definition as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) example-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated zero. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text S.A. Lubenets "(1) Nina has long existed in a state of enduring mental stress."

Student composition:

Self-doubt is the state of a person when he is afraid to commit any act or, conversely, does something incredibly stupid due to lack of faith in himself. If doubts about their own abilities are constant, then a person often refuses what he wants and does not strive for his goal. Here are some examples of the manifestation of self-doubt.

In the text of S.A. Lubenets uncertain can be called the girl Nina. She has an inferiority complex due to the fact that she does not have a friend, like all classmates. To change herself, Nina tries to throw out of her life that which used to give her joy: girly magazines, cardboard dolls, hairpins, baubles, pendants and earrings. Then he even comes up with a "virtual guy" to the envy of his friends. But these external, not internal, changes are unlikely to help her overcome her insecurity.

The hero of V. Korolenko's story "The Blind Musician" is also depressed, feels resentment, envy, despair, feels flawed. Petrus is completely immersed in personal misfortune. But Evelina, the godfather, folk and classical music, his own perseverance help him to restore his inner peace. In the finale of the piece, we see a confident, strong Peter.

A person suffering from self-doubt cannot make a decision on his own, he worries about what other people say or think about him. But success in life is achieved only by those who believe in themselves and their capabilities.

(203 words.)

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the phrase LIFE VALUES? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic "What are life values", taking as a thesis your definition. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated zero.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text I.L. Muravyova "(1) I close my eyes and see my alley."

Student composition:

Ideals, moral concepts, beliefs are called life values. They have an important impact on the attitude of a person to the world around him and to people, serve as special guidelines in life. As a rule, values \u200b\u200bare formed thanks to parents and loved ones, under the influence of kindergarten and school. It is not words that have a special impact, but deeds, actions: examples are more useful than any instructions.

The most significant values \u200b\u200bare love, health, family. This is exactly what the heroine of I. Muravyova's text is convinced of when she recalls her childhood and her grandfather, who showed her real, sacrificial love: “How could I, six years old, know what it means to sit still and freeze in the name of love?” The old man was freezing every day on the street, being nearby and calming his six-year-old granddaughter with his presence.

Reading the story of A.S. Pushkin "Captain's daughter", we understand that close people are the most dear and beloved. Ivan Kuzmich, the captain of the Belogorsk fortress, fatherly affectionate with the soldiers, a brave officer, faithful to duty and oath, raised his daughter Masha to be obedient and modest. She is a worthy daughter of her parents: prudent and sensitive, loyal and determined, selfless and honest. The girl shows wisdom by refusing to marry Grinev without the blessing of his father. The heroine follows the values \u200b\u200bof life that she has absorbed in her family, and therefore goes to the queen herself to save Peter, trusting in mercy and forgiveness.

Life values \u200b\u200bare an integral part of our inner world, and we gladly spend our time and energy on them. Everything must be done so that these spiritual and moral values \u200b\u200bare close and necessary to every person.

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the phrase MOTHER'S LOVE? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic "What is mother's love", taking the definition you have given as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated zero. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text V. Chaplina "(1) One day, in early spring, a wolverine was brought to the zoo."

Student composition:

Mother's love is a sacred feeling that has tremendous power and can work miracles, revive, save and protect. It is based on care and protection, affection and kindness.

In "Tales of Italy" M. Gorky said: "... without the Mother - there is no poet, no hero!" And the power of maternal love is such that on her way she is not afraid of the seas and mountains, forests and wild animals, she is not afraid of the great ruler Timur, who shed rivers of blood. Struck by the courageous words of the brave mother, the king orders to send messengers to all ends of the lands he conquered and to find the son of this woman.

Animals, like humans, are endowed with a mother's instinct. V. Chaplin writes about this in the story about the wolverine. With the advent of the cubs, the wolverine mother “ceased to yearn and rush to freedom,” “growled in a special way” when they were in danger. She rushed to protect the little wolverines from the wolves, violently rushed at them and did not let them near the children. And when the danger was over, the wolverine began to lick the frightened babies, as if calming. She did everything necessary so that her offspring could survive and independently reflect the dangers of the surrounding world.

Mother's love is always selfless, natural and selfless. A mother teaches her child to learn about the world and moral rules, sets an example of responsible behavior and mercy. Whatever the child, she will accept him by anyone and will do her best to save and protect.

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the phrase STRENGTH OF MIND? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic "What is fortitude", taking your definition as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated zero. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text E. Shima "(1) The first post-war spring has come to Leningrad."

Student composition:

Strength of mind is one of the qualities that make a person persistent and inflexible. This strength is made up of will and perseverance. Courageous people are said to be made of iron, do not bend or break.

The writer Eduard Shim also reflects on the manifestations of the fortitude of the inhabitants of besieged Leningrad: “... what can you not sacrifice for the sake of a crumb of heat, for the sake of a weak flame in the stove? And the huge old tree survived. " Sprawling bird cherry not only adorned a quiet street, but also gave people hope, helped to endure cold and hunger and believe in victory and an early spring.

In "The Tale of a Real Man" B. Field pilot Meresiev possesses extraordinary fortitude. Saving his life, doctors amputated both legs, depriving him of hope to remain in the profession. But the hero does not lose heart. Through regular exercise, overcoming physical pain, he was able to restore health and achieved permission to fly again. The strength of the spirit of this courageous person is truly admirable!

Thus, strength of mind helps to achieve life goals, overcome any difficulties and obstacles, become independent and successful. A strong person knows what he wants and always gets things done.

The task:

MUTUAL HANDLING? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic "What is mutual assistance", taking your definition as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) example-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated zero. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text T. Mikheeva "- (1) Mash, Mash, and we chose a new one ..."

Student composition:

Mutual assistance is mutual help, support for each other in difficult times. Throughout history, man has survived by showing solidarity and acting in concert. It is impossible to live without mutual assistance even today.

The writer T. Mikheeva talks about the difficult situation around the new girl. The squad in the camp lived in anticipation of revenge: the guys nominated Alyonka to a beauty contest, refusing to help her, and expected her to fail. The new girl was in the camp for the first time and did not understand that the main thing here was to do everything together, because "without a detachment, nowhere." It's good that the counselor Masha decided to help Alena. The desire to come to the rescue in the most difficult situation is a worthy act.

“One for all and all for one” is the famous motto of the three Musketeers and the young Gascon d'Artagnan, who came to the capital to seek honor and glory. Alone, he would not have been able to cope with those who followed after him in order to prevent the queen's order from being carried out. Athos, Porthos and Aramis are reliable and loyal comrades, ready to share everything they have. These four could sacrifice everything for each other - from wallet to life.

As you can see, mutual assistance makes life easier for people, helps them cope with difficulties. Only together, together, can any complex problems be solved.

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word SELF-FOOD? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic: "What is self-education", taking your definition as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples - arguments that confirm your reasoning: one example - give the argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is scored zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text K. Osipova "(1) Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov came from a poor noble family."

Student composition:

What is self-education? This is the independent cultivation of their talents, learning something new, the ability to force oneself to achieve a goal through certain hardships. Raising someone is not easy, but it is even more difficult to educate yourself. To do this, you need to have perseverance and willpower.

The writer K. Osipov introduces us to the biography of Alexander Suvorov, a bright historical personality, a brilliant commander who glorified the Russian army. Few people know that his family was against his son's military career. But the boy chose his own path, worked hard, read a lot, choosing from everywhere "grains of useful knowledge." Being weak and sickly, Alexander subjected himself to severe hardening: he doused himself with cold water, did not wear warm clothes, rode on horseback in the pouring rain. Thanks to this, he was able to perfectly prepare himself for future military service.

Sanya Grigoriev, the hero of the novel "Two Captains" by Veniamin Kaverin, was also able to overcome his illness. He was dumb from birth, having witnessed the death of his father, he could not tell his mother and the police about it. Only the advice of Dr. Ivan Ivanovich, who suggested to him the way of pronouncing sounds, instilled in the boy the confidence that he would be able to speak. Sanya practiced every day and finally found the gift of speech.

Self-education is a very complex process: it depends on the person how much effort, time, and, most importantly, perseverance is needed to achieve the set goals. The path of self-education requires considerable sacrifices, which only people with strong character and endurance are ready to make, but the fruits of such labors and patience are very sweet.

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the phrase MORAL CHOICE? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic "What is a moral choice", taking the definition you have given as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) example-arguments that confirm your reasoning: give one example-argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated zero. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text Y. Yakovleva "(1) The girl's name was Alice."

Student composition:

What is moral choice? This is a choice between good and evil, which a person makes not only at the fateful moment of his life, but also when his worries are daily, ordinary. A person too often finds himself in a situation of choice. He has to give preference to some values \u200b\u200band norms, rejecting others.

Yuri Yakovlev talks about the noble deed of the young driver Nazarov, who saved the artist Sergeev from the icy water. He did not even have time to get scared then, instantly making the only correct decision. Unfortunately, it turned out that the artist no longer remembers that incident and cannot give temporary shelter to the driver and his sick father. A six-year-old girl Alice managed to sort out this difficult situation and found a way out, how to “save Nazarov from shame and ingratitude”. She did not know how her act would be perceived at home, "after all, when they save, they do not think for a long time, and once - and into cold water!"

Literary heroes also have to choose, and these decisions are not easy for them. What will d'Artagnan, recently admitted to the Guard, do when the Musketeers are on the King's side, and Cardinal Richelieu himself offers him friendship? Gascon remembered the stern face of Athos: if he had agreed to an alliance with the cardinal, Athos would not have shaken his hand, would have disowned him. And d'Artanyan refuses to swear allegiance to the cardinal, knowing that from now on he acquires a powerful enemy.

Moral choice is always associated with making a decision, with a preference for one option out of several possible. Shakespeare was right in emphasizing the exceptional importance of such moments in life: "To be or not to be, that is the question ..."

(233 words.)

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word COMPASSION? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic: "What is compassion", taking as a thesis your definition. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples - arguments that confirm your reasoning: one example - give the argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is rated zero. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text A. Likhanova "(1) An old two-story house with peeling plaster stood on the edge of town."

Student composition:

Compassion is pity, sympathy, such a quality of the human soul that underlies mercy. It manifests itself in both words and deeds. People everywhere need love, compassion and kindness. A benevolent, caring attitude towards another person, the ability to forgive and help is very important right now, when there is so much cruelty and indifference around.

We see an example of compassion for someone else's pain and loneliness in the text of A. Likhanov. Nikolai, who has come to the city's orphanage in search of his mother, cannot remain indifferent to the fate of abandoned babies left in the care of the state. Parents who refuse sick children act cruelly and heartlessly. And although some will later be adopted, the ties with loved ones will be lost forever. There were many orphans in our country when the Great Patriotic War ended. Why don't they decrease in time of peace?

An acute feeling of pity arises when we turn to the pages of M. Sholokhov's story "The Fate of a Man." The lone soldier Andrei Sokolov, who lost his entire family, takes the orphan Vanyusha as his son, confessing to him that he is his real father. Having endured the loss of loved ones, the experienced front-line soldier did not harden his soul, did not squander his sensitivity. He feels someone else's grief with all his aching heart and does not submit to fate.

Compassion is the ability to perceive someone else's pain as our own and the ability to help, without hesitation, not only relatives, friends and acquaintances, but also those whom we do not know. Compassion manifests itself in both words and deeds.

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word MERCY? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic: "What is mercy", taking your definition as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples - arguments that confirm your reasoning: one example - give the argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is scored zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text V. Astafieva "Geese in the ice hole" "(1) I have seen geese swimming among the ice floes before."

Student composition:

Mercy is a person's ability to be kind, not indifferent, sympathetic. You need to take an active part in the lives of other people, provide help disinterestedly, without demanding anything in return. Only those who are capable of compassion can be truly merciful.

Let us turn to V. Astafiev's story "Geese in the ice hole". The hero, seeing a flock of birds trapped in an ice trap, could not leave them to die and, together with his friends, tried to help them. He held out the board to the goose, lying on the fragile ice and risking falling into the cold water. Despite the danger, the boy waited for the moment when the mother goose and the whole flock followed her to the shore.

In "The Tale of Tsar Saltan ..." Prince Guidon, saving a beautiful swan, kills a predator. Before his eyes, a graceful bird turns into a beautiful princess. It turns out that he shot not a kite, but a sorcerer.

If a person is ready to help, if he can overcome his shyness or even fear for this, if he is able to think in difficult times not about himself, but about others, then this is where real mercy is manifested.

The task:

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the word THE BEAUTY? Formulate and comment on your definition. Write an essay-reasoning on the topic: "What is beauty", taking your definition as a thesis. Arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples - arguments that confirm your reasoning: one example - give the argument from the text you read, and the second from your life experience. The length of the essay must be at least 70 words. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such a work is scored zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Composition by text V.P. Kataeva "(1) I was sitting in front of the living Ivan Bunin, watching his hand, which slowly turned over the pages of my common notebook ..."

Student composition:

"What a beauty!" - we exclaim, admiring nature. The world of beauty is around us. You just need to see it, notice the unusual in the most ordinary. This is what Ivan Bunin speaks to the young poet, who despaired of finding new themes and rhymes for his poems. The advice is simple: "Be independent in art ... And then the inexhaustible world of genuine poetry will open before you." It turns out that the simplest things "can turn into a work of art."

Humanity has the ability to create according to the laws of beauty. And beauty is always associated with feelings, experiences. Sometimes a person admires a beautiful object, but cannot explain why it is beautiful. It also happens that he does not notice the true beauty, which is hidden behind clumsiness and outwardly not visible. And this is exactly what Nikolai Zabolotsky is talking about in the poem "Ugly Girl". However, the "grace of the soul" cannot be hidden, it will necessarily manifest itself in a kind, courageous, selfless act. Surely, there will be those who can appreciate these qualities.

Human beauty is "a fire flickering in a vessel." Like nature and art, she is able to make the world brighter, brighter and happier. Beauty is true perfection, a harmonious combination of the qualities and properties of an object, this is what causes aesthetic pleasure.