With the arrival of spring, every venerable gardener happily rushes to his land plot, because the time has come to plant the first vegetables. The pioneer in this list is the radish. It is he who is perceived by many as a bell for warm days, delicious salads and bountiful harvests. But how to plant radishes correctly in order to take full advantage of the bouquet of taste sensations and get your portion of usefulness? It's simple, you just need to adhere to a couple of simple tips at such stages as:, time and method of sowing.
We plan future beds or how to plant radishes correctly
This vegetable has a short growing season, and therefore radish planting should be carried out with considerations of space saving. If separate rows were set aside for this, then you should think about what can be planted immediately after the radish harvest is harvested (and you won't have to wait long for this). You can use parsley, dill, spinach and other greens with the same short growing season.
If a separate garden bed for radish was determined as an excessive luxury, then you can plant it in a mixed type, next to vegetables of a long growing season (white cabbage, carrots). So, by the time other vegetables just start to grow, the radishes can already be harvested. One will not interfere with the other, but will look much more compact.
Putting the radishes in the right place
If you want to get a vegetable as early as possible, then it makes sense to come to the garden in early March and cover the piece of land where you plan to plant radishes with plastic wrap. This is necessary to melt snow and warm the soil faster. Then it remains only to plant the seeds and cover them with foil.
In the summertime, it is worth making sure that the radish grows in a shady place, because a long and abundant sunny period is useless.
Preparing and planting seeds
The varietal selection of radish is simply huge. Depending on personal preference, you can choose such medium-sized varieties as:
- Carmen;
- Pharaoh;
- White Nights;
- Lydia.
The beauty of this vegetable is that the period when we plant radishes can take several stages, which means that it will be possible to harvest at least a couple of times.
Before immersing the seeds in the ground, it is advisable to soak them first, because then the sprouts will germinate much faster. To do this, they are placed in a small bag, which is moistened in water. So, the very next day the seeds should swell.
Planting radishes in spring is similar, because it is possible in open ground, in the greenhouse or just in the garden. In the case of open soil, the following radish planting technique is used:
- we clear the ground from various debris and roots;
- we cut two parallel grooves at a distance of 5 cm. At the same time, we try to reach a depth of 2 cm. The next two are done at a distance of 15-20 cm, then according to the same principle;
- we put the seeds in the grooves, but we do not do it chaotically, but try to adhere to a checkerboard pattern. Then each sprout will receive the same amount of light;
- cover with mulch and foil on top.
It is worth remembering that radishes like moderate watering. With a sufficient amount of moisture, the root crop has a dense structure, it is very juicy. The main thing here is not to overdo it, because if you overdo it with watering, then the radish will simply crack, and if you do not add it, it will grow bitter and overly hardened.
One of the first messengers of spring, in my opinion, is such an early ripening culture as radish. You will harvest the juicy root crops rich in vitamins in spring. One of the most practical and effective ways cultivation is considered planting radish under the film.
It is advisable to take care of the preparation of the ridges for planting radishes in March from the fall. In this case, in the first half of March, all you have to do is to remove the snow from them and add some nutritious compost or humus on top. Many summer residents additionally scatter a little nitroammophoska over the surface, in an amount of about 1 tbsp. l. per 1 m2. After that, the ridges are covered with black plastic wrap, which is securely fixed at the edges with stones, and left in this form for 10-12 days.
At the end of the specified period, the film is removed, the ground under it is loosened well. The furrows are spilled with water and seeds are spread on them, which are sprinkled on top with a small layer of sand. At the end of the planting, snow is poured directly onto the sand layer, arcs-supports are stuck on the sides of the ridges, on which a translucent film is laid and securely fixed.
The place for planting radishes should be as sunny as possible, the soil should be slightly acidic or neutral. If the soil on your site is excessively acidic, before planting it should be deoxidized with slaked lime, wood ash, chalk, etc.
Radish is a crop that does not tolerate dense planting. Try to leave at least 5 cm between the “neighbors” in the row.
If you delay a little with crops, then another problem will arise - by the beginning of May the length of daylight hours exceeds 13 hours a day. For radishes, this is excessive (in this case, plants grow into the tops, and not into the root), therefore, after 7 pm, a dark non-woven material can be thrown onto the film on top, thus limiting the light period of the day.
In the process of growing, make sure that the surface of the ridges always remains moist and does not dry out. In hot weather, you can water almost daily. If you allow the radish to dry out a little, then its surface will harden, as a result, later when watering, the radish will be poured, and the dry shell will not withstand and crack.
If you have planted radishes on the soil filled with fertilizers, then during the growing season the crop can be left without feeding. If the planting was carried out on ridges with poor soil, then you can periodically water the plants with fermented weed infusion or diluted cow dung.
Radish is a cold-resistant crop. For growing radishes, you can not allocate a separate piece of land, but plant it in front of heat-loving crops. When the time comes for planting their seedlings, he already has time to ripen.
In addition, it can be used as a lighthouse culture.
Planting radishes in open ground
It is better that the soil is slightly acidic, sandy loam. It should be borne in mind that it must be loose - otherwise the fruits will be cracked. Soils lacking sufficient nutrients and structureless will prevent root crops from forming.
In the fall, it is necessary to prepare the soil. Add humus or decomposed compost. Add all mineral fertilizers - potassium salt and superphosphate. Then the area is leveled with a rake.
In the spring, after the snow melts, they begin planting radishes. The seeds should be large and fresh.
Planting cabbage in the ground. Under the bottles.
Planting dates for radish
The first sowing is carried out traditionally - either before winter, or in early spring. The second time is either at the end of May or at the beginning of June. You can sow after onions - turnips on a feather or after salad.
It is desirable that the bed is well lit in the morning and evening. But the sun at noon is contraindicated. When placed in permanent shade, all growth will go into the tops. Immediately after planting the seeds, the bed must be covered with a black film.
The next 10-12 days it should be opened in the morning at 8 or 9. And close at 18-19 hours. Then the seedlings will have a day of light lasting 10-12 hours, and thanks to this, not flowers, but roots will develop. The third term is the beginning of July. The beds are fertilized with humus.
You cannot use fresh manure. Dig in and watered. The crops are covered with a black film in the same way as in the second period.
The fourth term is either the end of August or the beginning of September. Sowing is carried out in greenhouses, which by this time have already been freed from peppers, tomatoes and cucumbers. Daylight hours at this time of the year are already decreasing and the need for a black film is no longer necessary.
But the non-woven is useful - inside the greenhouse for warmth. In the event that it is not possible to meet the deadlines, shading can be provided for the plantings. For example, by installing a wireframe.
Growing radishes in a greenhouse
In this case, cultivation is complicated by a lack of sunlight. Planting dates for radishes are from February to April, as well as from August to November. You need to use the main greenhouse soil.
If the greenhouse is small, then the film is removed in the daytime, and set again at night. Both in the open field and in the heifer, the culture does not tolerate high temperatures. In order to get a good and high-quality harvest, the plantings need to provide intensive ventilation.
Radish care: feeding, thinning, watering radish
Care for radishes consists mainly of watering, loosening, thinning and feeding. After 5-6 days after germination, thinning will need to be carried out. Watering the radish is necessary only when there is a lack of moisture. Loosening should be done after each watering.
The plantings are fed with nitrogen fertilizers. To protect plants from pests, treat the beds with tobacco dust or ash. Harvesting is carried out selectively. First, the already formed heads are collected. An autumn harvest can lie in a cold cellar for a long time.
Root crops are formed even at low temperatures of 12-14 ° C. And they are poured at 18-20 ° C. If the seedlings were sown before winter, they need to be covered with foil. Premature flowering without the formation of root crops can be triggered by a long light period in May - June.
The same problem can be caused by other reasons - shaded location, low soil moisture combined with increased temperature, thickened crops. To avoid premature flowering, water the radish in small portions 2 or 3 times a week.
This will help lower the soil temperature. Timely thinning is also important, thanks to which the leaves can take a horizontal position.
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| Loading... When to plant radishes in open ground in spring, growing radishes in early spring, planting dates.Planting dates for radishes in spring: in the greenhouse from March 20 to April 10, you can plant radishes on a high bed under the film from April 10-20, and from May 5 to May 20 you can already grow radishes in the open field.Now you know terms when to plant radishes in open ground, but they may not move much depending on the region of residence. Growing radishes in early springperhaps in most of our regions. Radish is the earliest ripening crop. Already in early spring you will receive a vitamin product. The land for growing radishes in the open field should warm up to 3-4 cm. Choose the varieties of radishes from the planting site if the "Premier" variety is suitable for the film (there are still a lot of varieties of radishes under the film, ask in stores ), if in open ground, select the varieties accordingly. You can try several varieties until you decide which type of radish suits you. There are early ripening varieties like "Early Red", "18days", etc. Planting and caring for radishes read more information on the link.Radish is not afraid of cold weather. At a temperature of 18-20 degrees outdoor radish or germinates in a greenhouse for 3-5 days. When planting, the distance between seeds is 4-5 cm, between rows 13-15 cm. Before planting the seeds, we spill the rows with water, the seeding depth is 0.5 cm, sprinkle with humus on top. Water the radishes in moderation, but do not allow dryness, the radishes love moisture, but do not water much at the end of ripening, otherwise the radish begins to crack. If the radish develops poorly, you can fertilize 1 teaspoon of urea and 1 glass of mullein on a bucket of water, at the rate of 5 liters per 1 sq. m. A common pest of radish is the cruciferous flea, this is when the leaves of the radish are perforated. To protect against fleas, chemical preparations can be used on the shoots of early ripe radish with a short waiting period ... Inta-Virom (waiting period 20 days). Chemistry should not be used for ultra-early varieties of radish. Harvest the radish in time so that it does not overripe. You liked the article, share with your friends on your social network by clicking on the button: |
Root varieties
By choosing the right varieties of radish, you can enjoy the prepared vitamin salads throughout the spring, and if you wish, even in the summer. The most popular and valuable in taste are the following:
- "Early red"... It is characterized by a high yield, can be grown in a greenhouse. The root vegetable is dark red with white flesh. Has a very delicate taste. "Corundum"... It has round carmine-red roots. "French breakfast"... You can enjoy radish with a delicate taste without a hint of pungency within 3 weeks after planting. Roots are very bright, scarlet and have white tip. "Eighteen days" - as the name itself says, ripens in eighteen days. Thanks to this feature, the variety is very popular with gardeners. Plus, its pulp is distinguished by its juiciness and delicate taste. "Rhodes"... The root vegetable is bright red with slightly porous flesh. "Ruby" - a vegetable of bright red color, round-flat shape. Has a high yield and excellent taste.
- "Slavia"... The pink-red roots have a slightly pungent flavor. "Vera MC"... The variety is distinguished by its high yield and root crops resistant to cracking. "Saksa"... A deep red root vegetable with a pungent taste. "Helios"... This variety attracts gardeners not only with its delicate taste, but also with large yellow roots. "Viola" - interesting in that it has a purple rind. "Watermelon radish" - this is a radish, as if turned inside out. The rind is white, and inside is pink flesh. Agree, very unusual! Look at the photos and videos, and you will see for yourself.
- Rumposh. This variety is distinguished by the white color of both the pulp and the rind. The root vegetable has an elongated shape and a medium-sharp taste. "Wurzburg" - characterized by a very high yield. The red-raspberry fruit has a rounded shape. "Red giant" - its characteristics correspond to the name, since the red fruits grow large with a mass of up to 120 grams. Having planted this variety in summer, you can eat it in winter, as it has a long shelf life.
Autumn radish is a favorite vegetable in eastern countries - daikon. It is sometimes mistakenly considered a radish, but in fact it refers to radishes.
Spring planting
Planting radishes in the ground in spring is carried out as soon as the snow melts. Seeds are best purchased from specialized stores. So you insulate yourself from the unusable planting material and from disappointment (after all, it is always a shame if work is not crowned with success).
You can sow seeds directly into open ground, but if the ambient temperature has not reached +18 degrees, radishes will not grow. Therefore, it is best to grow it in a greenhouse. To make this vegetable delight you with its harvest, follow these tips from experienced gardeners:
- First of all, you need to decide on the landing site. It should be well illuminated by the sun. The soil should be sufficiently loose, otherwise the plant may shoot. Shooting is also promoted by too high temperatures, long daylight hours (which is typical for summer), insufficient moisture. For more friendly germination, seeds are better calibrated - sorted by size. It is worth noting that larger seeds will sprout earlier than small ones. After selection, it is better to soak the seeds in water. As soon as you see small sprouts, you can start sowing. Since the germination of radish is quite high, planting is carried out immediately in the form in which the root crop will ripen (the inter-row distance is about 15 centimeters, between the plants - 5-6 centimeters). seeds in the ground do not need too deep, half a centimeter is enough, up to a maximum of two. The first shoots should be expected in a few days.
You can learn more about how to grow radishes in spring by watching the training video. Then it remains to ensure sufficient watering, loosening the soil and controlling weeds. And already in the nearest time, depending on the variety and weather conditions, you can enjoy the harvest. It will only take a few weeks from planting to eating a radish!
Radish care
Radish is a rather unpretentious crop, even a beginner can cope with its cultivation. The main care for this plant consists in the following points:
- Moderate watering. This is especially important on hot days when there is no rain. Without moisture, the flesh of the radish will become loose and dry - it will lose its taste.It is also undesirable to overdo it with watering, especially when the root vegetable is almost ripe. In this case, it will crack from an excess of water. After the shoots appear, the radish can be fed with potash fertilizers. They can be purchased at specialized stores. But be careful, before using fertilizers, read the attached instructions! After all, there should be a measure for everything.
Pests and diseases
Like any other plant, radishes can be affected by pests and hurt. If you notice that something is wrong with the plant (its leaves turn yellow, spots or other signs of disease appear), you need to use special chemicals. folk methods control of radish pests such as ash, for example.
To do this, you need to sprinkle it on the soil. But folk remedies are less effective for severe lesions. You can learn how to properly handle diseased plants by watching the video above.
Radish storage
Storing radishes is the least troublesome process. Before you start harvesting, the soil must be moistened with water. So it will be better to pull out the vegetable without damage, and it will be saturated with moisture.
This will make the pulp more juicy.
If you decide not to eat the radish right away, but to store it, then in this case you need to cut the tops and shorten the tail.
And if the root vegetable processed in this way is placed in a bag or container made of polyethylene and provided cool conditions in a dark place, then the shelf life will last for some more time.
Radish: outdoor cultivation
How you want to finally enjoy fresh and tasty vegetables from the garden after the long winter cold. Crunch radishes, enrich your body with vitamins. Fortunately, this cold-resistant crop allows you to grow it in the open field, and we can harvest the first crop in June.
Soil for sowing radish
Radish is quite "reverent" about the land in which it is grown. It is worth remembering that the soil must be loose. Otherwise, cracks will form on the radish fruits.
Therefore, before starting to plant a crop in open ground, the land must be prepared: dig it up and apply the necessary fertilizers. Radish grows well in slightly acidic sandy loam soil.
For the correct formation of root crops, it is necessary to add mineral fertilizers (superphosphate, potassium salt). Depending on when the gardener is going to plant radishes in open ground, soil fertilization also depends. It is worth remembering one important rule: the culture does not tolerate fresh manure.
That is why the soil should be fertilized in advance, for example, in the fall! If we talk about volumes, then one square meter about one bucket of rotted manure is applied to the allocated area for sowing radish. When choosing a place for sowing, you should pay attention to the illumination of the site. Radish is very fond of sunlight, therefore, to place it, you should choose a well-lit place, reliably protected from the winds.
Methods for sowing radish in open ground
There are three ways to grow radishes outdoors: 1. Podzimny... With this method of growing radishes, the seeds are planted in early or mid November. If by this time the earth has already had time to freeze, then sowing begins with dry seeds.
From above, the landing must be covered with humus. It is preferable to choose a place in the south or southeast of the site. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that in the fall the radish planting site should not be flooded with melt water. 2.
Winter... Sowing in the cold season is carried out by gardeners in order to get the first shoots of the crop two weeks earlier than with the usual spring planting. The beds for the culture must be prepared in the fall by cutting the grooves of five centimeters.
If the winter is snowy, then it is necessary to remove all precipitation from the beds, carefully spread the seeds, and then cover them with peat. 3. Spring.
After the winter chills recede, gardeners begin to think about planting seeds for germinating radishes in the open ground. When exactly this should be done depends on the climate of the region. As a rule, disembarkation takes place in late April - early May.
It is desirable that a positive daytime temperature is established not lower than 15 degrees (at night not lower than +5 degrees). Before you start planting seeds, the beds must be dug up and grooves made, the distance between which should not be less than twenty centimeters.
You can plant seeds in whole handfuls, since they are very small and quite often many of them do not germinate. Crops should be dug in and then moistened abundantly. If the gardener wants the seedlings to appear a couple of days earlier, you can cover the planting site with foil.
As a rule, the first shoots will appear within five days. Since a lot of seeds were planted in the ground, the first shoots will grow somewhat crowded. It is for this reason that they must be weeded out, selecting the strongest plants and leaving them about 2-3 every 5-7 centimeters. After about seven days, one of the most viable plants should be selected from the remaining 2-3 seedlings, the rest should be removed.
Basic rules for caring for radishes
Radish loves moisture immensely. It is for this reason that on especially hot days it is necessary to water the culture daily. Optimum soil moisture should be up to 80%. In the case of infrequent watering, the roots will become bitter.
High humidity is also dangerous for radish, because it can contribute to the formation of cracks in the fruit. The main "enemies" of radishes are garden slugs. These pests are very fond of eating root vegetable leaves.
Granules "Thunder" and "Thunder-2" will help to cope with this misfortune. When the first signs of damage appear, the pest remedy must be scattered between the radish beds. Radish ripens in about 21-24 days after planting.
As a rule, additional feeding is not done, since radishes tend to accumulate nitrates. However, if it grows slowly, then fertilizer can be applied, for example, Agricola-Forward.
Adding 2 tablespoons of top dressing per 10 liters of water, we get the necessary fertilizer composition. It is necessary to feed the radish at the rate of three liters of water per square meter. Harvesting is done as the root crop ripens. With proper care, radishes will delight gardeners with the organic appearance of their fruits and great taste.
A few words about radish
Video about planting radishes in spring
The popularity of this root vegetable can be explained very simply. After all, this is an opportunity to crunch the first spring salads, get a portion of "fresh" vitamins, and for those who like to tinker in the beds - an excellent reason to start the garden season. The radish plant belongs to the cruciferous family.
The Asian lands are considered the birthplace of this culture, from where it later spread, first to China, and then to the rest of the world. Radish appeared on domestic tables thanks to the merchants of the time of Peter the Great.
This spicy and juicy vegetable was adopted immediately, and became widespread throughout the Russian territory. Radis contains phosphorus, sodium, calcium, magnesium and iron, therefore it has a positive effect on the state of the cardiovascular system and increases blood hemoglobin. Choleretic properties and high fiber content helps to normalize the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and gallbladder.
With radishes, our body, weakened by the long winter, receives the first vitamins, among which the main place is occupied by vitamins of group B, as well as C and PP. The vegetative period of radish can be one or two years. Annual varieties are more convenient to grow, so those that give seeds in the year of sowing are popular among gardeners.
The shape of the root crop is very different: round, oblong, flat-rounded, elongated and in the form of a spindle. By color, you can choose red, pink, white and even yellow or purple radishes. Depending on the region and the timing of growing this crop, it is sown both in greenhouses or hotbeds, and in open ground.
Planting radishes in spring - five rules for a good harvest
A small video about the secrets of growing radishes
Taking into account that radish develops better with a short daylight hours, it must be sown at the appropriate time. Soil moisture directly affects the formation of root crops, and the availability of the necessary fertilizers and temperature conditions - on the quantity and quality of the crop.
Therefore, despite the seeming simplicity of growing radishes, only compliance with certain requirements guarantees a worthy reward for your work in the end. Rule one - timingEarly varieties of radishes allow you to get the first harvest after three to four weeks from the day of germination.
Therefore, as soon as warm days are established, you can start preparing the beds. Radish is a fairly cold-resistant plant, it can withstand night frosts up to minus 5 - 6 degrees without losses, but at low daytime temperatures (up to +8), seedlings will appear for a long time. The best sowing dates are considered the end of March - the beginning of April, when the sun generously gives warmth, warming the earth and air. More precisely, you can determine the lines when you can sow radishes yourself, based on the fact that at a temperature:
- up to + 10 degrees - you will have to wait a long time for seedlings; from +10 to +15 - they will appear in a week; closer to +18 ... +22 - the first greens will hatch on the fourth day.
The most favorable average daily temperature for the successful formation of a root crop is considered to be + 20 degrees. Depending on when such weather conditions are expected in your region, you should choose the days when to plant radishes. The first selective harvest begins to be harvested after 20-25 days, and then keeps up with the rest. To extend the radish season as much as possible, sow it at intervals of one week.
So, gradually ripening, the harvest will delight you all spring with young, juicy vegetables. It's interesting! It was due to the relatively short growing season that the radish was chosen for growing on the International Space Station.
On its basis, studies of the genetic characteristics of crops grown in zero gravity were carried out. It is recommended to stop sowing closer to the beginning of summer, since long daylight hours and hot weather quickly lead to plant shoots and a decrease in the taste of the root crop. It will be possible to resume growing radishes only in September.
Rule two - soilLike most other garden crops, radishes love fertile soil. Therefore, before sowing radishes, you need to choose the most suitable site and prepare the land. Considering the good responsiveness of root crops to organic fertilizers, it is better to prepare a garden for radishes in the fall.
To do this, compost, humus or manure are introduced into the ground and dug about thirty centimeters. If the soil is too clayey, then a little peat or coarse river sand should be added, because radish crops grow better on loose, light soils.
When applying mineral fertilizers per square meter of land, the addition of ammonium nitrate (10-15 g), superphosphate (20-25 g) and potassium chloride (15-20 g) show good results. The acidity of the soil for radishes is better neutral, in extreme cases, slightly acidic is allowed. Sowing of radish in open ground is carried out in sunny, sheltered from the winds.
The southern and southeastern sides are considered the best for spring crops, where the ground thaws faster and there is plenty of light for future entrances. Experience shows that radish is an excellent precursor for many garden crops, it perfectly prepares the soil for tomatoes, potatoes, peppers and cucumbers.
It is especially convenient to grow radishes in a new place every year, which helps to improve the crop rotation in the garden. The only exception are cruciferous plants - cabbage, mustard, watercress and others, which can transmit diseases of this family to the next plantings.
Radish is an excellent compactor and a kind of "marker" for other crops. By sowing radish seeds next to cucumber seedlings or rows of potatoes, you will take two crops from one garden bed. And the spring planting of onions on greens, sowing of dill and lettuce will be perfectly combined with rows of early radishes. Many gardeners know how laborious the first weeding of carrot beds is - its thin, barely noticeable shoots are difficult to see among the raised weeds.
And it is here that rare radish bushes, sown together with carrot seeds, help to determine future rows. Rule three - sowingWhen growing radishes in a greenhouse or film greenhouse, radishes are often sown without preliminary preparation seeds.
Between the grooves, a distance of about the width of the palm is kept, and the seeds are covered with a two-centimeter layer of earth. After the emergence of seedlings, it is advisable to thin out the crops, leaving 3 - 5 cm between adjacent bushes.
If the sowing is carried out more carefully, applying the seeds taking into account the required distance, then there will be no need to break through the entrances. In order to sow radishes faster and better, you can stick its seeds on long strips of paper even in winter and dry them.
When exactly is it worth planting radishes and how to do it
In the spring, it will be enough to simply lay these tapes in moistened grooves and cover them with earth. Sometimes sowing radishes, especially in the northern regions, requires preliminary preparation. Calibration of seeds by size and weight is carried out to obtain friendly shoots and simultaneous harvest and is more often used when planting radishes for sale.
But soaking and germinating seeds allows you to get faster shoots, and therefore an earlier harvest. Before planting radishes with seeds, they are wrapped in a linen napkin, placed in a container with a small amount of water at room temperature. Usually seeds hatch on the second or third day and are ready for sowing. Rule four - watering
Video on how to plant radish seeds
Radish loves watering, that's for sure. Moist soil contributes to the successful formation of a correct, succulent root crop.
Therefore, it is necessary to sow seeds in the spilled grooves, and it is undesirable to skip the sprinkling of the first shoots, and further care consists in regular, generous watering. Of course, do not forget that moist soil does not at all imply stagnant water in the soil.
Excessive moisture invariably leads to decay of root crops. It is better to water the March sowings of radishes in film greenhouses warm water, with a temperature of 25-30 degrees. Such an evening "shower" will not only give the plants a drink, but will also keep warm during nighttime cold snaps.
Rule five - fertilizationRadish - planting and caring for this crop does not take long. With proper preparation of the beds and sufficiently fertile soil, radish planting does not require additional fertilization.
The available food will be sufficient for its short growing season. If the fertility of the soil leaves much to be desired, then a week after the appearance of the first shoots, the radish can be fed a little with organic fertilizers.
Usually, compost infusion or fermented manure infusion is added to the water for irrigation. Dry last year's humus or chopped cut grass is poured onto the garden bed as mulch. The main thing in radish fertilization is not to overdo it!
A large amount of nutrients in the soil will lead to lush vegetation of radish greens, to planting and negatively affect the shape and taste of the root crop.
The best radishes for spring crops
Depending on the sowing time, the optimal varieties of radish are also selected.
- French breakfast - early ripening variety. No more than 20-25 days pass from germination to ripening. The shape of the fruit is elongated, 3-4 cm long, bright red in color with a white tip. Early red - ripens in 27-30 days. Differs in resistance to shooting. Root crops are rounded, dark red with a white, juicy core. Helios. Average ripening period, about 30 days . Excellent taste and unusual, yellow color of the root vegetable allowed this variety to gain popularity. Sora. Fruits are large (up to 4-5 cm in diameter), dense, juicy, deep red in color. It is characterized by resistance to high temperatures and diseases, does not form voids. Thanks to this, it can be successfully grown at the end of May and even in June. The popularity of this variety is in its high yield.
Radish is perhaps the very first vegetable that ripens in orchards and vegetable gardens and planting radishes in the spring is the most traditional occupation for the gardener. Before planting your radishes, keep in mind that radishes ripen quickly.
And if you allocate a separate bed for the radish, then after you harvest the radish, the bed will be empty. Therefore, when planning the beds and plantings, immediately plan what you will plant after you harvest the radish. On the vacant bed, after the radish, you can plant any greens or Chinese cabbage.
Anything that has a fast growing season (ripening). It is very wise to plant radishes between crops that take a long time to develop and yield late harvests. It's good to mix and plant radishes between:
- onions, carrots, cucumber or tomato seedlings.
By the time the cucumbers, tomatoes or cabbage have grown, the radish has already had time to harvest and you will harvest it. A place for planting radishes.In early spring, March, when you first come to inspect the site, cover the radish bed with plastic wrap.
Under it, the snow will melt faster, the earth will warm up and you can plant the radishes with seeds earlier. It is best to plant radishes in early spring, under plastic.
It grows quickly and helps fight spring deficiency. If you are planting a second or third time in the summer, planting the radish is best in a shady location. Radishes need short daylight hours to ripen. Radish varieties for open ground.As always, radishes are represented by very many varieties and hybrids, the most interesting are medium-sized, non-shooting, the most the best varieties radish is:
- Sora,
Hello, dear readers of the site! Soon the snow will melt and the gardener's first concern will be planting radishes, so necessary for us to get our first spring vitamin nutrition. Redis is an annual plant that loves moisture very much and can withstand quite cold weather. Seedlings can withstand frosts down to -3- (-4) degrees.
Zoned varieties for the Middle Volga region - "Rose-red with a white tip", "Saratov-2", "Vyurzburgsky 59" and others. Fertile and loose soils are taken away for planting radishes. Preparation of the site for planting begins with autumn... For digging, add 3 - 5 kg.
Humus per square meter of cultivated area. In the spring mineral fertilizers are applied for digging, namely 10 grams of ammonium nitrate, 10-15 grams of superphosphate and 7-10 grams of potassium chloride. You can plant radishes under a film in early April, and in open ground - from mid-April. Seeds must be calibrated before planting and soak until sprouts appear. Spring radishes are sown in 2-3 times every 7 to 10 days.
Sowing should be done in watered grooves up to 2 centimeters deep at a distance between grooves - 10 - 12 centimeters. After sowing, the soil above the seeds should be slightly compacted. When cotyledon leaves appear, the radish is thinned and the distance between the plants is 3 - 4 centimeters. Care for the crops of radish is reduced to loosening and mulching to exclude the formation of a crust. The plot with radishes should be kept in constant humidity. You must first remove the radish selectively, and then, completely. planting radishes and for autumn use.
At the same time, sowing is carried out in late July - early August with a planting rate of 8 grams per square meter and at a distance in rows of 5-6 centimeters. good harvest in the coming season! After a long winter, cold days, you so want the warmth of the sun! And first of all, you are waiting for the first flowers, fresh greens and vegetables. What pleasant memories a fresh salad with radishes evokes! Of course, you can buy it in the winter at a fabulous price, but it cannot be compared with one grown by yourself, which comes to your table right from the garden. Many gardeners often have difficulty getting a good harvest. even if the best varieties of radish were planted, and the whole point is in the wrong cultivation technique.
Biological features, popular varieties
Radish (Raphanus sativus) refers to annual plants, Cabbage family. The plant has a rosette of lyre-shaped leaves, and the edible part is the root vegetable.
Its shape can be round, fusiform, conical, oval. The most common is its red-pink color, but depending on the variety it can be white, yellow, gray, purple, variegated. Its size also fluctuates: 2-5 cm in diameter, from 15 to 100 g. 1.5-2 weeks after the root crop has grown, a flower stem with white or purple flowers appears.
Seeds are then formed that can be stored for up to 5 years. Besides the fact that this vegetable is one of the first to appear on the table in spring, it is also characterized by increased early maturity. About 30 days are needed for the formation of a root crop in early varieties and up to 60 - for late-ripening ones.
Young shoots can withstand short-term frosts up to -3? S. However, prolonged frosts are fatal. Optimal stable warm weather (12-15?
C for growth and about 20? C for the formation of a root crop). With more high temperature the plant becomes not edible - it is very bitter, lignified and dries up.
A correctly chosen variety is an important condition for growing radishes. All of them are divided into groups by flowering time:
- early ripening - 18 days, Mokhovsky, 20 days, Children's F1, Cherry bele, Camelot, Lanket, Okhotsk, Early red, Zarya, Rubin and others; mid-ripening - Vera, Icicle, Red giant, Alba, Zlata and others; late-ripening - Zenith, Ramposh, Dungansky, Champion.
In the greenhouse, you can grow varieties such as Teplichny, Saksa, Zhara.
When to plant radishes?
You can practically get a harvest of this root crop all year round, the main thing is to observe the agricultural techniques characteristic of each period. However, we are used to the spring harvest, so they begin to sow it at the end of March., as well as throughout April, depending on the climatic conditions of the area.
Can also be sown in early August, then it will be possible to harvest at the end of September. For winter planting of radishes, you will need a greenhouse.
How to plant radishes? Care basics
First, choose a place for landing... Precursors from the cabbage family should be avoided. Radishes do not grow well in the shade, so it is better to choose a well-lit place. Due to the weak, poorly developed root system, you need to carefully monitor the soil moisture.
Also, this plant requires organic-rich, well-fertilized, loose soils. Radish does not tolerate fresh manure, so in no case should it be introduced into the soil. If the soil is acidic, it must be limed (500 g of lime per 1 sq. M.), And this is done in the fall.
At the same time, a bed should be prepared for spring planting... It is dug up, fertilizers are applied (compost or humus - 4 kg per 1 sq. M). Mineral fertilizers and ash are also added.
The garden bed itself should be 10-12 cm high... You can grow radishes in the same place where heat-loving crops will later be planted. This will save space in your garden. If you grow radishes in a greenhouse, you will get an earlier harvest.
The soil is also prepared in the fall. When sowing in spring, the seeds are covered by 1.5-2 cm, per 1 sq. m - 40-50 g of seeds... The soil is watered before this.
The distance between the plants is 4-5 cm. Very early crops can be covered with foil. In the phase of one true leaf, thinning is carried out. This can damage the root crop, so it is best to try to sow the seeds one at a time at the optimum distance.
Planting care is not difficult and consists in weeding, watering, loosening. The importance of watering has already been highlighted above. They must be carried out every 2-3 days, and if the weather is hot, every day. Sprinkler irrigation can also be used to increase air humidity.
Then the soil must be loosened. The radish is often damaged by the cruciferous flea and the larvae of the cabbage fly. They use a mixture of tobacco dust, wood ash and lime in equal proportions.
The plant is pollinated with it. Roots are consumed fresh, adding them to salads and other dishes. However, the autumn harvest can be laid for storage. Until the onset of frost, it is harvested and stored in a cellar without tops, sprinkled with sand (dry). Storage temperature - 2-5? FROM.
Effective planting of radishes in the garden
As soon as the spring sun warms up a little, gardeners begin to fuss and make plans for the harvest. They want to see the first flowers in their garden faster, plant greens, early vegetables. Radish is perhaps the earliest vegetable crop - already a month after planting, you can pamper yourself with a fresh vitamin salad.
How to grow early radishes?
Experienced gardeners get several harvests of radishes in one season, of course, provided that the correct growing technique is followed. But we are more accustomed to seeing early varieties of this crop on our table. Early radishes are obtained in the following ways: - seeds are sown directly into open ground; - planting seeds in a film shelter; - growing seedlings in a greenhouse.
Preparation of seeds for planting
Now radish seeds are sold at almost every step, so it is not difficult to choose the right variety, especially since purchased seeds usually undergo the necessary treatment for diseases and pests. You can also harvest your own seed from the fall.
After the plants have thrown out the arrows, you should wait until they turn yellow, then cut the seed bushes and dry for about two weeks. Only large high-quality seeds are selected for use - substandardness often causes poor germination or premature stemming.
Choosing a site for planting and preparing the land
Radish prefers open, sunny places with loose soil. The ideal option for this culture is last year's cucumber beds, but the predecessors from the cabbage family should be avoided.It is recommended to cook the garden under the radishes, including in the greenhouse, in the fall.
Humus is used as fertilizer (fresh manure is categorically contraindicated), ash is poured into the ground - at the rate of one liter per square meter, if necessary, mineral fertilizers, lime, peat are added. Then the soil is dug up to the depth of the entire bayonet of the shovel.
Planting seeds
As soon as the plot dries out and warms up a little, it is quite possible to start sowing - the radish can withstand night frosts up to -5? C. The seeds are laid in the ground one by one at a distance of five centimeters from each other, the depth is one and a half to two centimeters, the distance between the rows is at least 10 centimeters. Experienced gardeners use a self-made marking board for uniform sowing, to which wooden pins protruding to the landing depth.
Buying seeds on a paper tape greatly facilitates the sowing process, and in the future (when the first true leaf appears) there is no need to thin out the seedlings. This is important considering that radishes have a weak root system that is very close to the surface.
Planting care
At a temperature of +18? C, radish seeds germinate quickly enough, within 3-5 days. This root crop belongs to moisture-loving crops, so it is worth watering it regularly until harvesting.
Usually, the garden is watered every other day, and in dry and hot weather - daily or several times a day. Effectively increases the humidity of the air by spraying water by sprinkling. The radish is often damaged by pests: cruciferous flea and cabbage fly.
A mixture of ash and tobacco dust helps in time to save still immature young shoots from their attacks. Some people use garlic infusion, soap solution, and other folk remedies.
Getting several harvests of radish in one season
Early maturing varieties can be planted throughout the summer cottage season, approximately every ten days after the previous planting. Long summer daylight hours can lead to the intensification of the radish flowering process - shooting.
For the formation of fruits, only 10-12 hours of illumination is enough, therefore, during the remaining hours it is better to cover the plant with some opaque material: dark PVC film, foil, light-protective paper. Despite the fact that many other vegetables are harvested in the fall, it is the late varieties of radish that are very popular with connoisseurs.
Such roots are large, juicy, sweet in taste, less susceptible to diseases and resistant to the formation of arrows. In some regions, it is practiced to grow radishes in greenhouses that are empty after picking tomatoes and peppers.
In such conditions, radishes do not need frequent watering, and additional lighting is used to increase lighting. The crop harvested in autumn is freed from the tops and stored in the basement.
Secrets of successful gardeners
How to plant radishes
Radish, before other vegetables, brings variety to the sometimes boring menu over the winter. Who will not be delighted to see juicy and crispy radishes on the table.
It is good in itself and is great for spring salads. If you grow radishes on your land, you can pamper yourself with this vegetable almost all summer. And in warm spring, the first crop can be harvested at the end of April.
But first, you need to know how to plant radish. Radish seeds can be sown at the end of March. Here it is important to choose a plot of a vegetable garden with well-fertilized soil in a place warmed by the sun.
Loose soil is suitable for radishes, so it is recommended to loosen it well and mix with sand or peat. In the place of future beds, shallow holes are made, watered with water, sow a change and lightly sprinkle with an earth-sand mixture. Knowing how to plant radishes, you must not forget about caring for it, which boils down to protecting the plant from a cruciferous flea.
By attacking newly appeared sprouts, this pest is able to destroy them completely. And nothing can save the plant. You can scare off a cruciferous flea with wood ash.
It is necessary to sprinkle it on the beds several times a week from the very beginning of sowing seeds. In addition, ash is a good natural fertilizer. So that the radish is not tough, and its pulp remains sweetish, the plant should be well watered.
To obtain large root crops, timely thinning of young plants is necessary. It is convenient to sow radish seeds in different beds with an interval of 10-15 days. And then it will be possible to collect several crops during the planting season.
It is impossible to feel that at last, after a long winter, spring has come, and the long-awaited summer is approaching more and more inexorably, until a radish appears on the table. Delicious and very healthy, on the table in a salad bowl or even just in bulk on a platter, she seems to say with her whole appearance - I came, and wait for the summer. But what is the right way to plant a radish?
A little about radishes
Crispy, slightly sharp and bright radish tubers are a real storehouse of many mineral salts - magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, vitamins - C, B5, B2, B1, enzymes and organic acids. And isn't that why a person has such a positive attitude towards the first spring radish that appears on the table at a time when the body needs all of them very much?
This article will guide you on how to plant radish seeds. There are two types of this plant - annual and biennial. The first consists of European varieties and produces seeds with root crops within one year, while the second consists of Asian winter varieties that produce seeds only in the second year.
IN this material discusses the rules on how to plant the seeds of European radish varieties. Radish is an early maturing, cold-resistant, light and moisture-loving plant belonging to the cruciferous or cabbage class. Depending on the region of cultivation, it can bear fruit from 2 to 5 times a year. To get a good and consistent harvest you need to know how and when to plant your radishes.
Preparing the soil before planting radishes
Many people really want to know how to properly plant radishes in the spring. It all starts in the fall, when the beds are prepared (raised by 15 cm) and the necessary organic fertilizers are applied - but carefully, without excessive fanaticism - because from an overabundance, for example, of humus, large "tops" and frail "roots" can grow. Then, in spring , after the main snow melts, mineral fertilizers can be scattered on the beds under radishes.
The snow remaining on them, during thawing, will enrich the soil with the necessary macro- and microelements. But only not potash - an excess of potassium will make the roots weak and lead the radish into the arrow. The beds are made in a sunny and heated place, and for the fastest heating of the soil, it is advisable to cover the beds with black polyethylene for 9-10 days.
Before planting the seeds, it remains to remove the film and dig up the beds with a shovel's bayonet depth. That's it - you can plant radish seeds.
Some features of plant compatibility
When planting radish seeds, it is important to remember that all garden plants obey a certain law of compatibility, breaking which you can be left without a crop. How to plant a radish correctly, taking all this into account? In this regard, a crop such as radish should be planted next to the head lettuce, which will prevent earthen fleas from damaging the plant.
And if you surround the radish with beans, then its tubers grow larger and have a more delicate taste. In general, radishes are friends with potatoes and spinach, as well as onions, garlic, beets and cabbage. But it is not recommended to plant radishes with cucumbers.
Radish outdoors under a film
How to plant radishes under a film? When planting seeds in the ground, the "rule of three matches" must be observed. The seeds are planted at a depth corresponding to the length of the match, the bed from the bed is at a distance of the match, and the seed from the seed is planted in a row for the length of the match. The soil for radish is desirable loose, and after planting the radish it is recommended to mulch it - sprinkle it on top with river sand, sawdust or peat.
Considering that there is still snow when planting radishes, you can throw more of it on the rows with planted seeds, but not too much. The next step is to install a spandbod material above the shelter beds. The first shoots appear when the last snow melts.
At this point, it is important to pay attention to the density of seedlings and, if necessary, thin the rows or sow the seeds. When spring is warm, be sure to do airing by raising the spandbody for a while. The first radishes on the table can be harvested in three weeks, if a good spring permits.
Radish in greenhouses
How to plant radishes in a greenhouse? Getting an earlier harvest of radish is possible when planting it in a greenhouse. The soil in greenhouses is prepared in a slightly different way, because radish is not the leading crop in them.
He, so to speak, sits down on what is already planned to be planted in the greenhouse. Therefore, seeds are planted not in the greenhouse beds, but between them, and a week or two earlier than the main crop. How to plant radish seeds in greenhouses, you can read on many sites.
Basically, the seeds are planted to a depth of half a centimeter and covered with earth. You should not thicken the seeds, and when strongly elongated seedlings appear, it is advisable to sprinkle them with earth, otherwise you can be left without root crops. Mineral fertilizers should be applied twice - at the very beginning, after planting the seeds, and after a week.
Radish in greenhouses
In greenhouses, radishes are also planted according to slightly different rules. Since here he is the leading crop - all others are planted after him - the land is prepared a little differently, and the timing of planting is determined by the weather and the design of the greenhouses.
Since radishes love both warmth and sunlight, suitable conditions in greenhouses can be achieved somewhere after the first ten days of April. The greenhouse soil must be carefully leveled. If it is too dry, it should be watered just before sowing, and when the ground is excessively wet, dig up the ground to the depth of a bayonet and ventilate the greenhouse by opening a little frame. What is the best way to plant radishes?
To accelerate the emergence of seedlings, seeds intended for sowing in a greenhouse should be germinated. They are soaked for two hours, and then sprinkled in an even layer on cheesecloth in plates, covered with calico and kept warm.
celeste radish 20 days after sowing
As soon as the sprouts begin to hatch - it's time to plant them in the ground. The optimum temperature in the greenhouse when sowing radishes is from 15 to 20 degrees.
Radish on the windowsill
If you really want radishes, but there is no summer cottage or vegetable garden, then those who wish can try to grow this plant on their windowsill. Moreover, this can be done without waiting for spring - albeit in December.
It is enough to have a potting mix, a box where radishes are planted, and the knowledge of how to plant radish seeds when growing it at home. Excellent light and cool location is required. It may well be a window sill.
It is worth noting that despite the fact that radish is a short-day plant, its winter day is still too short, so additional lighting for the radish will not hurt. Radish seeds are planted in boxes to a depth of 1 centimeter, at a distance of 5-7 centimeters from each other and be sure to roll. The main feature of growing radishes on the windowsill is the temperature regime, which must be observed. After the first shoots have appeared at room temperature, you need to cool the plant, keeping it at a temperature of about 7? From about 4 days, and then set the mode for him to 17?
With good sunny weather and 15? C - when cloudy. Keep the temperature around 13? C. This can be achieved by regulating the flow of cold air using a vent. From fertilizers, cow dung is used in an aqueous solution with the addition of 10 g of potassium salt and 15 g of superphosphate per 10 liters of water.
The growth of radish roots occurs within one and a half to three months, so the harvest is removed selectively.
Features of care and pest control
Watering for radishes is a necessary thing, so it should be carried out two to three times a day. But if the radish in the open field receives a lot of moisture - in a rainy spring, it can overripe - glassy, \u200b\u200bcrack and rot. The main pest for radish is the cruciferous flea, which is fought with "pure" solutions that have no chemistry.
This is done because the radish ripens quickly, and the roots do not have time to get rid of it. It can be infused tobacco dust or ash. Such a remedy not only has a protective effect, but also serves as an additional feeding for radishes.
With the onset of spring, summer residents eagerly return to their garden to prepare beds for plants. One of the first inhabitants is radish - a juicy root vegetable with an unusual taste, the closest relative of wild radish.
So that the root crop does not disappoint, you need to pay attention to the choice of the variety, decide how to grow radishes in the open field or in a greenhouse and take care of them during the growing process.
How to choose a radish variety?
When choosing a variety, you need to focus on the ripening periods of the vegetable. Among the whole variety of varieties are distinguished:
The advantages of early varieties over others lie in the early ripening of the crop, high resistance to diseases and harmful insects.
Radish sowing is carried out in two ways: growing root crops in greenhouse conditions or growing radishes in open ground with seeds or seedlings. Let's take a closer look at how to plant a radish.
How to grow radishes in greenhouse conditions?
To make the vegetable harvest happy all year round, the best way to grow it is to plant a radish in a greenhouse. All types of root crop varieties are suitable for growing using this technology, but preference is given to early varieties, for example:
The technology of growing radishes in a greenhouse does not differ significantly from growing in an open field. First of all, seeds are selected. For cultivation in greenhouse conditions, the seeds should be larger than 3.5 mm, the rest are not thrown away and left for planting in open ground. Then the radish grains are soaked for more than a day, and as soon as they hatch, they are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Then it is dried to a state of flowability.
When to plant radishes depends on the equipment of the greenhouse, as well as the weather conditions. So, if the greenhouse is not heated, then radishes are planted in March or April, and if there is heating, then a favorable planting period will be late January-early February. Before planting, the soil is spilled with hot water.
It should be remembered that when growing radishes in a greenhouse, it is necessary to observe the optimum temperature for seed germination, it should be at least 18 ° C. As soon as the sprouts appear, the temperature is lowered to 10 ° C for three days, this will help to avoid pulling the sprouts. Then it is again raised to 20 ° C and the root crop is grown at this temperature until ripening.
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Radish in the greenhouse needs to be provided with light and heat conditions. Daylight hours should not exceed 12 hours, otherwise the plant will bloom.
Caring for a vegetable consists in weeding, loosening, thorough watering and constant airing, which will help to avoid damage to the root crop by fungal diseases, for example, black leg. And to prevent the attack of pests, the aisles are sprinkled with wood ash in combination with tobacco dust or mustard powder, which will scare off the cruciferous flea.
The advantages of this technology are as follows:
How to grow radishes outdoors?
Radish is an early maturing crop with high frost resistance. Planting of radishes begins at the end of April. For planting, you need to choose a well-lit place. The root crop loves loose, light and non-acidic soil.
Lime is added to the acidic soil, and the clay soil is drained by adding sand, fine gravel. They begin to prepare a plot of land in the fall, digging up the soil along with a small amount of potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. If necessary, add at least 2 kg of humus to 1 m². The prepared area must be covered with foil and left in this state until spring.
In early spring, immediately after the snow melts, the soil can be dug up or deeply loosened to plant radishes. Spill the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate, this will help to disinfect it. You must not add fresh cow dung to the soil before sowing. It will contribute to the development of greenery, and the root crop will suffer from a lack of beneficial trace elements.
The neighbors in the beds, including tomatoes, cabbage, lettuce, cucumbers, and potatoes, have a beneficial effect on the development of the root crop.
For a start, seeds are selected, large grains up to 2.5 mm will give a good harvest, the grains can be soaked for several hours, or they can be planted dry. Radishes are planted in grooves to a depth of 2 cm, preferably in a grain, the distance between them is 5 cm, this contributes to the rapid growth of the root crop. The distance between furrows should be at least 12 cm. Seeds are covered with earth and watered. In warm weather, sprouts appear on the 5-6th day.
Radishes can be grown throughout the summer by sowing the vegetable every couple of weeks. After the first batch of sprouts has two strong leaves, the next batch can be planted.
Radishes can be harvested two weeks earlier than usual if you apply the technology of planting in open ground before winter. Soil preparation begins in the summer and is no different from the autumn preparation of the land, the only difference is sowing seeds in dry soil so as not to give them the opportunity to germinate.
Caring for radishes outdoors is no different from caring for vegetables in a greenhouse. The plant loves soil saturated with moisture, so you need to carefully monitor regular watering and prevent the soil from drying out. The quality and taste of the vegetable depends on it, otherwise, the root vegetable grows tough and bitter. In the absence of natural watering, it is necessary to water the radish at least 3 times a week.
Top dressing is necessary only for root crops, which are planted in the fall. If the shoots have sprouted often, then they need to be thinned out, but after the first two leaves appear.
Throughout the growth period, radishes need careful weeding and weed control, which create favorable conditions for slugs to settle.
Harvesting the radish begins as it ripens. Experienced gardeners recommend picking the root crop at lunchtime, watering the garden in the evening - this way it contains the maximum amount of vitamins. The root crop is pulled out, the tops are cut off, the roots are not touched and removed to a dry, cool place.
Thus, radish is an amazing plant that does not require careful care. Simple adherence to all the intricacies of soil preparation, careful watering of the vegetable are the key to a high-quality harvest, and any novice gardener can handle this. And how to plant radishes and what is better for a greenhouse or open ground depends on the individual needs and capabilities of each.
