Articles on physical culture and sport. Basic research

Discipline abstract:

"Athletic facilities"

On this topic:

« Physical culture and sports facilities»

Introduction

Sports facilities, along with theaters, are the oldest public buildings. Experts attribute the ancient Greek sports facilities that have survived to this day to the VIII century. BC.

Sports buildings and facilities are subdivided intomain, auxiliary and premises and structures for spectators. The main ones are the main part of sports facilities and can be:

- educational training (for education and training);
- demonstration (for holding competitions in the presence of spectators);
- for general physical preparation and active recreation.

The main buildings and structures are also subdivided into:
- covered (gyms, indoor swimming pools, arenas, indoor tennis courts, indoor stadiums, Sports Palaces, etc.), in which classes are held indoors;

- open or planar (all kinds of flat grounds, fields, running track and field and speed skating tracks for training sessions and competitions), in which the main classes are held outdoors.

Thus, we can conclude that the auxiliary premises and structures are intended to serve the students and ensure the operation of sports facilities..

In a modern urbanized society, the role of physical culture and sports as a compensator for a decrease in physical activity is unique, as an activity that offers a system of values \u200b\u200bthat are really useful for each person, making it possible to change the depressingly monotonous lifestyle of a modern person.

In developed countries, as the most important role of physical culture is currently highly appreciated both by governments and by society itself. Large-scale programs have been developed to stimulate the development of physical culture, sports and a healthy lifestyle. Programs for creating physical culture and sports facilities for these activities are also being implemented.

Also, the network of physical culture and sports facilities is considered the most complex, extensive and diverse among all other public service systems. It is an integral part of all structural elements of populated areas, from the very initial stages (the simplest adjoining grounds, premises for recreational activities built into the first floors of residential buildings) to the largest city-wide and suburban buildings, Olympic complexes.

The network includes facilities for more than 160 sports and leisure activities that are very different from each other, such as a stadium with tens of thousands of spectators and a chess pavilion, hockey rinks in the courtyard and a cycle track, a school gym and a ski jump. Physical culture and sports facilities are used by all age and social groups of the population, from nursery to retirement age, from absolutely healthy athletes to disabled people, from rural residents to the population of major cities.

Physical culture and sports facilities have different forms of ownership: they can be state-owned, including unitary enterprises, joint-stock companies, private, etc.

The network of physical culture and sports facilities is the most capacious in terms of territory: the largest sports complexes have areas exceeding 100 hectares. In addition, it is closely related to settlement and transport services.

Thus, physical culture and sports facilities are a constantly changing system, inextricably linked with the development of society (as a whole). Social changes taking place in society have brought to life new types and forms of physical culture, health improvement and leisure activities. There has been a clear integration of cultural and sports activities with an increase in the share of active leisure. Various groups of the population are involved in the classes, various forms of family leisure are developing, the importance of information classes and communication, and mass events is increasing. In parallel with this, the sport of the highest achievements is also developing, putting forward all new levels of requirements for physical culture and sports facilities.

In accordance with these changes, new typological features of physical culture and sports facilities also appear:

the sports and technological parameters of the places where classes are held are changing;

the share of universal, multifunctional premises and structures that provide the possibility of transformation is increasing
premises;

the composition of structures is expanding at the expense of premises for sports and recreation, entertainment and club activities;

the interconnection of indoor and outdoor structures is enhanced when
their widespread use for new non-traditional types of active leisure;

accessibility of physical culture and sports facilities for disabled people is ensured, the structures include specialized halls and premises for their studies;

specialized sports centers are developing: skiing, sailing, equestrian sports, etc .;

the comfort of buildings, their interiors and external
wednesday; more and more attention is paid to the attractiveness of the architectural appearance of physical culture and sports facilities, which contributes to

improving the quality of the environment as a whole;

there is a widespread increase in the construction of roofed structures
instead of outdoor pools, stadiums, skating tracks.

Along with the emergence of many different forms and types of physical culture and sports activities that are in demand among the population (aerobics, bowling, squash, rock climbing, etc.), as well as a number of successes of Russian sports of the highest achievements, the real coverage of physical culture and recreation activities of the population (the volume of physical culture and sports services) in the last decade not only did not increase, but even decreased. The growth rates of the provision of physical culture and sports facilities are much lower than necessary. The total number of structures does not even reach 30% of the standard; they are placed without taking into account the requirements of equal provision of the population with occupations, regardless of place of residence and work, are used irrationally, their composition, typology and quality do not meet modern requirements.

The variety of sports and physical education activities corresponds to objects and structures of various types, which make up a very developed network of physical culture and sports facilities.

The prototypes of modern physical culture and sports facilities were: in antiquity, cromlechs (which we presented in Appendix 1) - sites surrounded by stone pillars; in ancient Europe - palaestra and gymnasiums, stadiums, stadiums, hippodromes, circuses. In the majestic ancient Roman amphitheaters (the Colosseum in Rome, etc.) the idea of \u200b\u200bcombining the stadium and the circus was embodied; baths with heated water, which already existed in the ancient Greek palaestrae, were developed in the ancient Roman baths.

In the palaces of the ancient rulers of Asia, monumental horse yards were built, and during excavations in Central and North America, ball courts were discovered (for example, in the settlements of the Aztecs and Maya). In the Middle Ages, mainly military sports grounds were built.

Educational and training, the zone consists of sports grounds and facilities for everyday activities with the allocation of an area for activities with children. In addition to arenas and stands, the demonstration area includes a part of the territory for visitors' recreation, buffets, kiosks, etc. The size of the demonstration area is in direct proportion to the capacity of the stands. The service area combines the economic and operational services of the stadium, workshops, warehouses, greenhouses, etc.

ATXIX century began, intense, building, sports, structures, especially since 1896, when modern Olympiads began to be held. In Russia, the beginning of the physical culture (gymnastic) sports movement can be attributed to 1861, when the first tennis club "Neva" and a speed skating club opened in St. Petersburg, which built the first tennis court and a skating rink.

In April 1918, the Supreme Council of Physical Culture under the Main Directorate of Vsevobuch began re-equipment, old, buildings, for military sports clubs and construction, sports grounds, and already from 1923-1925. the widespread construction of physical culture and sports facilities throughout the country began. At present, Russia has 2,120 stadiums, 53,500 gyms, 2,595 swimming pools, including 2,332 indoor ones, about 90,000 flat sports grounds, 3,269 ski resorts, etc.

Thus, physical education and sports, constructions, subdivided, to the main intended, directly for sports and physical culture and recreation activities, auxiliary, intended for practitioners, storage of equipment, etc., and for spectators - including the stands and related structures.

The main, constructions, differ, a wide variety of shapes and sizes, which is primarily associated with specific types of physical culture and sports activities. The structural and space-planning solutions of structures are significantly influenced by economic and natural factors. All structures are divided into two groups: open (in the air) and covered structures (premises). Outdoor facilities are seasonal: summer and winter.

Summer sports nuclei for athletics and football; fields and grounds for outdoor and sports games (basketball, volleyball, tennis, football, etc. (which is presented to you in Appendix 2), special and general physical training (GPT), certain types of athletics (jumping, throwing, shot put), equestrian sports, rollerblading, skateboarding; tracks and trails for running, walking, equestrian, cycling, athletics and cyclocross; equipped trails for hiking, equestrian, cycling and water tourism; artificial trails for skiing, alpine skiing: jumping jumps on skis with artificial turf; cycle tracks:

Shooting ranges and shooting ranges for bullet shooting and shooting and hunting stands;

Equipped areas of existing reservoirs for sports and recreational swimming and bathing, various types of rowing, sailing, water slalom, water skiing, etc.;

Open baths with or without heated water for sports and recreational swimming and bathing, water polo, diving, etc .; artificial canals for rowing and water slalom, etc.

Winter outdoor facilities include fields and grounds with natural or artificial ice for mass and figure skating, ball hockey, curling, etc .; speed skating tracks with natural or artificial ice; tracks for skiing, alpine skiing, tobogganing, biathlon, etc .; ski jumping jumps; artificial sledging and bobsleigh tracks, which are presented by us in Appendix 3; equipped water areas for iceboat sports; equipped routes for ski tourism, etc.

A significant part of open structures alternately it is used for various types of activities depending on the season, which requires changing the coatings of structures and their equipment. Sports nuclei for athletics and football in the winter season are converted into natural ice tracks for high-speed running and ice hockey fields; fields and grounds for outdoor and sports games - in fields and grounds: natural ice for mass and figure skating, ice hockey, curling, etc .; paths and trails for running, walking, cycling, athletics and cyclocross, as well as artificial ski trails - to trails for skiing and biathlon; equipped routes for hiking, equestrian, cycling and water tourism - into equipped routes for ski tourism;

Indoor facilities: halls for sports games, which is presented in Appendix 4, acrobatics, sports, rhythmic and rhythmic gymnastics, choreography, general physical training, athletics and weightlifting, boxing, wrestling, various types of simulators; baths with heated water for sports and recreational swimming and bathing, water polo, diving, as well as baths for rowing; grounds, fields and tracks with artificial ice for mass skating, hockey, ball hockey, speed skating (Fig. 1,1.6.), curling; cycle tracks; shooting ranges for bullet shooting; arenas for equestrian sports, etc.

Thus, we can conclude that, along with two traditional groups of structures, one of which operates mainly in summer (open), and the other - mainly in winter (covered), year-round structures with transformable structures of fences (coatings, walls) are promising. These are generally the most technically complex and expensive structures. However, with the improvement and reduction of the cost of transformable structures, this group will expand.

On the basis of the volumetric-spatial organization, the main structures can be divided into planar and volumetric. In addition to all of the volumetric ones, there are also some open structures: open baths with or without heated water; artificial canals for rowing and water slalom (Fig. 1.1.7.); artificial ski trails; shooting ranges, shooting ranges and shooting and hunting stands; ski jumping jumps; artificial toboggan runs

Based on their prevalence, the main structures are divided into two groups: those that do not depend on local conditions, ubiquitous (gyms, pool baths, fields and playgrounds) and structures, the presence of which depends on local conditions - natural, economic, sports traditions (facilities for water, mountain, winter sports, equestrian sports, cycling tracks, etc., as well as large demonstration facilities, which can be seen in Appendix 5.

By the nature of their use, the main structures are divided into specialized ones, i.e. designed exclusively for one or several related sports (Fig. 1.1.8.), and universal - alternately used in the day and week cycle by transforming equipment for practicing several sports. The terms "specialized" and "universal" are conventional and each time they need to be deciphered. The higher the sports qualification of the people involved, the higher the degree of specialization and quality of the structure.

According to the types of use, the main structures can be divided into training and demonstration - sports, intended mainly for competitions (which is shown in Appendix 5)

The composition of the main structures is diverse and highly mobile. New sports or modifications of existing ones appear, and with them new facilities. The birth of new types of physical culture and sports facilities also occurs under the influence of technical progress, which has brought to life, for example, bowling, baths with a lifting bottom, artificial waves, waterfalls, currents, so, in connection with the adaptation of closed industrial and agricultural buildings and objects, for example, for environmental reasons (which is presented in Appendix 6, under the letters: a, b). Under the influence of growing requirements, the dimensions and equipment of structures change, an increasing number of sports go “under the roof”, in connection with which new types of indoor main structures appear.

Auxiliary facilities and premises are a functionally necessary part of physical culture and sports facilities, accompanying each or a group of main structures. The exception is the simplest open structures in residential buildings, childcare facilities and recreation facilities. Ancillary facilities often form large volumes, for example, the building of the Olympic Sailing Center in Tallinn (Fig. 1.1.10.), Or highly developed complexes of buildings for alpine skiing centers are formed mainly by non-sports facilities.

According to their functional purpose, auxiliary facilities are divided into two groups: a group of services for students and spectators, specialistsservice of those involved, storage and repair of physicaltouring and sports equipment and inventory; administrativepurpose, living quarters.

The service group for both students and spectators includes a lobby block with a wardrobe for outerwear and bathrooms; recreation rooms (foyers, lobbies, winter gardens), catering establishments (buffets, cafes, restaurants), retail outlets (machines, stalls, shops), cultural and entertainment institutions (rooms for slot machines, other games, cinema, video halls, billiards, bowling alley), consumer services (hairdressing salons, beauty parlors), club rooms and for children who came with their parents. At training facilities, the service group or part of it is made common for the trainees and spectators, but at demonstration facilities they are usually separate.

The group of specialized services only for those who are engaged, includes a block of dressing rooms with showers and toilets, a medical block, a block of rehabilitation procedures (massage, solariums, electric and light therapy, water procedures, saunas, steam baths), coaching rooms, counseling centers, method rooms, conference rooms , points of rent of physical culture and sports equipment. Facilities for the movement of people involved in the main structures include pedestrian, automobile, cable cars, elevators.

Housing, depending on the purpose of the main physical culture and sports facility, can be present among auxiliary facilities and be represented by various types of premises: from tents to individual apartments, hotel rooms and individual buildings.

The group for storage and repair of sports equipment and equipment includes storage areas for small equipment (pantries), storage areas for large equipment and equipment (inventory, warehouses, ski and bike storage, stables, slipways, open storage areas, harbors and ports), places repair of equipment and inventory (workshops, veterinary units), capital structures for moving large equipment and inventory (roads, slips, telphers, piers, rafts). The composition of this group is determined by the purpose and rank of the main structure.

The administrative group includes administration premises; office and household premises of staff; pantries and warehouses of household equipment and inventory; garages for motorized equipment; repair shops for household equipment and inventory. The composition of such a facility is determined by the purpose and rank of the physical culture and sports facility.

Spectator facilities (fig. 1.1.11.) Are very essential, since competitions are an integral part of sports. The main group of structures in this category are seats for spectators, transformable and permanent. Transformable (retractable, collapsible, reclining, retractable), as a rule, for a small number of spectators at the training main facilities. However, they are also satisfied with demonstration facilities. Here, the goal of transformation is to create optimal seating capacity for various demo activities in the arena. In this case, thousands of buildings for spectators are formed. Stationary seats for spectators are created mainly in demonstration facilities, where stands can reach gigantic proportions.

The load-bearing structures of the spectators' structures are made of various materials (wood, metal, reinforced concrete). In a number of cases, the places for building are located on the slopes of earth embankments or excavations (the so-called earthen stands).

Demonstration main facilities correspond to a certain number of seats: more than 5 thousand - at sports halls for athletics and football, more than 800 - at open fields and grounds, more than 600 - at other open and covered facilities. The combination of demonstration main buildings with stands for spectators is called stadiums - open, covered, and more recently, transformable ones are also spreading. These are open stadiums for athletics, football, baseball, accommodating up to 100 thousand spectators and for hand games, hockey, as well as rowing, water skiing, ski stadiums, equestrian sports stadiums (hippodromes), cycling, velodromes), etc.

Indoor stadiums, as a rule, are intended for competitions in several sports (with a universal sports arena) and can have up to several tens of thousands of seats for spectators. They can also host social and entertainment events (meetings, conferences, concerts, movies, revues), celebrations, etc. Equipped for different types of use, such facilities are called universal sports and entertainment halls (USSP) or Sports Palaces with small, medium and large sports arena.

The name of a physical culture and sports facility is usually taken from the name of its main facility. But sometimes special terms are used: for the athletics hall - "arena for athletics"; for tennis - "tennis court"; football - "football arena"; outdoor or indoor baths - "indoor or outdoor pool"; ice rinks; auxiliary facilities for sailing and iceboating - "yacht club", etc.

Physical culture and sports facilities form a developed system, growing and branching as new and modification of existing types of main, auxiliary facilities, spectator facilities, their structures, engineering and sports-technological equipment appear.

Bibliography

1 . Gagina Yu.A. Sports facilities - M., 1999

2.Verkhalo, Yu.N. Table of equipping sports facilities for mass use with sports equipment and inventory: textbook. manual / Yu.N. Verhalo. - M .: Soviet sport, 2004

3. Butin I.M. "Skiing", Moscow "ACADEMA", 2000

Attachment 1

Appendix 2

Appendix 3

Appendix 4

Appendix 5

Appendix 6

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Physical culture in the life of a student

Smirnova Veronika Yurievna

Student of the Yelabuga Institute

Kazan Federal University

Elabuga city

Today in society there are those social values, the value of which is not questioned: and one of these values \u200b\u200bis physical culture. The value of this value in the process of personality formation is very great - and it is not for nothing that there is a proverb - "In a healthy body - a healthy mind." However, at present there are such barriers to the spread of physical culture as lack of funding, a sedentary lifestyle, poor media coverage. All this interferes with the education of youth's interest in terms of physical perfection.

This problem is especially relevant for students of all colleges, institutes and universities, since it is at this time and at this age that the very foundations of a healthy lifestyle are formed and laid, and physical education is not always a priority and is not always laid down initially. At the same time, the academic load on students is huge, which significantly harms their general physical and mental state of the student, and this can especially negatively affect the process of personality formation, which coincides in time with the period of study in college or other higher educational institution. It is necessary to consider in this period of time the concept of physical culture, as a combination of a student's physical development, the state of his health and psyche, and actually "physical culture" The relevance of this topic stems from the new course of social and, in particular, youth policy, where the main place is assigned to all areas of "healthier society" and a healthy lifestyle. The current situation is such that young people often do not have a real opportunity to raise the level of physical culture.

Nevertheless, there is such a point of view, according to which, the lack of an adequate level of development of sports and the promotion of physical culture gives rise to an increasing spread of such "diseases of society" as nicotine addiction, alcoholism, including the so-called. "Beer alcoholism", drug addiction - mainly among the youth. Opinions are also expressed about the direct dependence of the demographic, and hence the economic situation in the country on the level of physical culture of the population.

In order to study the influence of physical culture on the process of personality formation in the process of studying in higher educational institutions and the choice of professional activity, it is necessary to take into account both permanent and temporary conditions that set a person the task of improving his physical condition and health. The latter include the consideration of the meaning and role of physical culture.

The importance of physical culture and sports for health, development and general condition of a person is difficult to exaggerate. From an early age, parents, teachers, the media - radio and television - instill and reiterate to the child the unique benefits of physical activity and encourage children to actively engage in sports. It is at this age that sports are, as a rule, under the supervision of experienced trainers and specialists who monitor the correct and harmonious development of a growing organism. At school age, this role is mainly performed by physical education teachers at school. By the age of 16, a person's self-awareness is sufficiently formed. It is from this moment that the playful nature of sports turns into a serious and complete awareness of the individual of all the usefulness and joy that physical culture and sports bring him. A positive aspect is that sport promotes the development of communication skills, relieves complexes and liberates; physical activity, active movement have a very beneficial effect on success in mental work, which is by no means superfluous for pupils and students. Along with this comes the need to independently assess their physical capabilities and, in accordance with this, to really calculate their strengths. The subject of physical education, which is taught in colleges, forms another layer in the general physical condition of a person, his health, physical fitness and physical perfection. Physical education is, first of all, the prevention of various diseases and, first of all, hypertension and coronary heart disease. These diseases, often seen in technical specialists, require long-term treatment. But, alas, it does not always lead to recovery. Their prevention has a significant effect. In the process of exercising, working capacity increases. This is evidenced by the increasing ability of a person to do great work for a certain period of time. With an increase in working capacity in a state of muscular rest, the heart rate decreases. The person starts to work harder, but at the same time gets tired less. Rest and, above all, sleep is fully utilized by the body. The professional activity of our students implies physical work, which means that such a person must have good physical shape and excellent health. And all this can be achieved by regularly going in for sports and physical education.

The importance of a person's physical fitness, due to the need for an effective workforce at this stage of development of society, is becoming increasingly important. In addition, physical education and sports gives a person not only a sense of physical perfection, but also gives him strength and shapes his spirit. Raises the level of moral qualities of a person, which is so necessary for today's society. Physical culture takes on colossal importance in the process of personality formation, when it affects him from different sides, it forms moral qualities, spirit, and affects the physical condition, stimulating a new approach to life and work, new achievements in life and work - this is the effect physical culture.

In order to consciously come to the conclusion and the importance of physical culture and sports, a person must understand its role in his life. And it’s very good if he understands this not too late, in order

to start leading a healthy lifestyle.

Sport and physical culture is not only a healthy lifestyle - it is generally a normal and healthy life, which opens up more and more new opportunities for the realization of strength and talents. This is the path that a sane person enters into, so that the life he has lived would be fruitful, bring joy to himself and those around him. A progressive rhythm of life requires more and more physical activity and fitness. All the increasing loads that fall on our shoulders throughout life require higher physical perfection, which must be achieved through physical education.

Conclusion.

Every sane person wants to live his life happily ever after. But health cannot be bought or received as a gift. And no online gift shop will help you with this. Therefore, everything must be done to preserve it before it is too late. Usually, as a result of an improper lifestyle, a person develops nervous disorders, various diseases, problems at work and at home. But you just need to think: are we doing everything possible to preserve our health? After all, often visits to the doctor can be avoided if you build your lifestyle correctly. https://kopilkaurokov.ru/fizkultura/prochee/stat_ia_po_fizkul_turie_na_tiemu_fizichieskaia_kul_tura_v_zhizni_studienta ()

1

Physical culture is an organic part of general human culture, its special independent area. It actively affects the vital aspects of the human body, received in the form of inclinations that develop in the process of life under the influence of the environment. At its core, physical culture has a purposeful motor activity in the form of physical exercises, which allow to effectively form the necessary physical abilities, to optimize the state of health. Health is an invaluable asset not only of every person, but of the whole society. Good health, reasonably maintained and strengthened by the person himself, ensures him a long and active life. In social life in the system of education, upbringing and recreation, physical culture manifests its health-improving, general cultural significance. Physical development is closely related to strengthening and maintaining human health. By actively using a variety of physical exercises, a person improves his physical condition. The result of activity in physical culture is physical fitness and the degree of perfection of motor skills and abilities.

Physical culture should be considered as a special kind of activity, the results of which are useful for society and individuals. Physical culture and sports activity, which includes first-year students, is one of the effective mechanisms for the merging of public and personal interests. It is one of the most effective means of increasing students' performance in the educational process and their social activity. The introduction of students to physical education and sports begins taking into account the peculiarities of their professional applied physical training.

At present, professionally applied physical training is included in the programs of physical education of students and is aimed at training a young specialist. Numerous scientific studies have established that a high level of professional training requires significant physical fitness.

Physical education is an integral part of the educational process. When developing norms for physical culture and sports, first of all, the goal of strengthening health, and then achieving a sports result should be set.

One of the main criteria for assessing physical education at a higher educational institution is the dynamics of the level of physical fitness of students, which can be monitored through the use of the same control standards.

Today, the connection between physical culture and health, work capacity and labor productivity is especially clear.

We can say that new production requires a new physical world of man. Just as study today is becoming a constant factor in the life of a member of society, so physical culture is becoming an integral attribute of life.

The main feature of physical education teachers is the specificity of work. The object of the teacher's activity is the student's personality. The pedagogical activity of the teacher consists of certain elements, which together form a kind of psychological structure.

At our university, each student must systematically attend classes on the days and hours provided by the curriculum.

To more actively attract students, our University operates a gym, which includes 14 different simulators, barbells, weights, there is a good material base: sports equipment (balls, dumbbells, jump ropes, mats), as well as sections such as volleyball, basketball, football. ... Active participation in mass health-improving physical culture and sports events is also an integral part of the educational process at the interuniversity level. The strongest student athletes participate in interuniversity competitions. The purpose of such competitions is to establish personal contacts between future colleagues and achieve the best sports results between the universities of the city and district. This determines the level of sports readiness of students of each university-branch. For the sixth year, our students have taken first places in the sports competition of universities in our city. The annual sports day consists of 7-10 sports competitions. In 2005-2006 the Spartakiad consisted of competitions:

• basketball team of boys and girls
• volleyball team of boys and girls
• table tennis players team
• mini soccer team
• athletics student team

For successful work, each teacher must:

• know the material of the taught discipline in the amount of program requirements
• own the method of preparation and conduct of practical training
• clearly, clearly and competently express thoughts
• consult within the course of practical training

The complex use of all forms of physical education should ensure the inclusion of physical education in the lifestyle of students.

Today the slogan "Physical culture is the guarantee of health" is not relevant enough. Physical education and sports should be the key to social and creative longevity. Systematically applied physical education and sports

• this is youth, which does not depend on the passport age
• this is longevity, which is accompanied by a creative labor rise
• this is health
• and finally it is the greatest source of beauty.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Kosmolinsky F.P. "Physical culture and performance" - M. 1983
2. http://www.sportedu.by/Frames/Text/Student/Ku -rator / rol.htm.
3. http://useinfonarod.ru/ / txt fizra.htm.
4. "Professionally-applied physical training" V.I. Ilyinich. Ed. Moscow - High School 1978
5. "Physical education of student youth" S.P. Polievsky Ed. Moscow - Medicine -1989
6. http://www.fly-life.ru/
7. "Physical culture and labor". A.V. Zherebtsov, M-1986
8. "Physical culture of a student": Textbook / Ed. IN AND. Ilyinich, M-2004
9. "Physical culture in human life" Leningrad - Knowledge - 1986. S. M. Oplavin, Yu. T. Chikhaev
10. "Activation of the educational process of students by means of physical education." G. D. Ivanov. Ed. Alma-Ata-Mechtel 1989
11. http://ggmi.narod.ru/fizra 2.zip.

The work was presented at a scientific conference with international participation "Information technology for universities and higher educational institutions", August 20-27, 2006, Malta (Aura). Received September 18, 2006

Bibliographic reference

Lukyanov S.I. ROLE OF PHYSICAL CULTURE IN THE LIFE OF STUDENTS // Fundamental Research. - 2006. - No. 11. - S. 92-93;
URL: http://fundamental-research.ru/ru/article/view?id\u003d6560 (date accessed: 01/08/2020). We bring to your attention the journals published by the "Academy of Natural Sciences"

On the benefits of physical education and sports.

Exercise induces streams of nerve impulses from working muscles and joints and brings the central nervous system into an active, active state. Accordingly, the work of internal organs is activated, which provides a person with high performance and gives him a tangible surge of vigor.

Many exercises contribute to the prevention and treatment of chronic disorders of the internal organs and the musculoskeletal system.

The main qualities that characterize the physical development of a person are strength, speed, agility, flexibility and endurance. Improving each of these qualities contributes to better health, but by far
not to the same extent. Weightlifting exercises make you strong, sprinting training helps you to become fast, the use of gymnastic and acrobatic exercises affects the development of agility and flexibility.

Scientists came to the conclusion that for effective recovery, prevention of respiratory diseases, it is necessary to train and improve, first of all, the most valuable physical quality in terms of health improvement - endurance, which, in combination with hardening and other components of a healthy lifestyle, will provide a reliable shield against many diseases.

You can achieve a high level of endurance using cyclic exercises, i.e. sufficiently long, uniform, repetitive loads. Cyclic exercises include running, Nordic walking, swimming, cross-country skiing, cycling, and, with certain reservations, sports such as basketball, tennis, handball, football, etc.

Scientific research and practice in many countries of the world have convincingly proven the primary health-improving effect of Scandinavian walking on the health of people of all ages. It has been proven that movement improves blood flow in all internal organs, including the brain, which is especially valuable as it provides an energy base for improving brain regulation and mental activity.

After systematic exercises, noticeable positive changes are observed in the state of the nervous system. Eyesight and hearing improve, a positive emotional state prevails, lung capacity increases, thinking capabilities are significantly increased and the information received is better remembered. Headaches practically disappear, sleep improves, mental and physical performance increases. All this is due to an increase in the brain tissues of special substances - neuropeptides, which make up the biochemical basis of mental activity.

The body's response to increased oxygen demand is called the training effect or positive physical changes. Some such shifts are:
the total blood volume increases so much that the possibility of oxygen transport improves, and therefore a person shows greater endurance during strenuous physical activity;
the volume of the lungs increases;
the heart muscle is strengthened, better supplied with blood;
the content of high-density lipoproteins increases, the ratio of total cholesterol decreases, which reduces the risk of atherosclerosis;
the skeletal system is strengthened;
aerobics helps to cope with physical and emotional stress;
efficiency increases;
aerobics is a real way to lose weight or maintain a healthy weight.
Choosing a personalized exercise program is essential for making exercise enjoyable, for a healthy heart and a strong body. Exercise improves mood, increases muscle tone, maintains flexibility in the spine, and helps prevent disease.

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