The authors of the articles are professional tutors I.M. Khrapova, T.V. Vorontsova and O.V. Gushchina

How to prepare for the exam in the Russian language? Here you open the collection of standard USE test items in the Russian language and understand that you managed to forget something, but did not hear about something at all. Then you pick up a voluminous manual and understand that you do not know on which page, in which section to look for information. How to combine theory and practice?

We offer you a short and effective path to success. We have analyzed for you each task of the exam in the Russian language separately. In each article you will find theoretical material that contains only what is necessary and sufficient to complete the USE tasks in Russian. we give you an algorithm for completing the exam tasks. We will show you what traps can await you in this or that task. The material that must be learned by heart is presented in the form of hint tables.

Master the test items in order, from 1 to 26. You will notice that in the subsequent assignments you build on the knowledge you gained earlier. Consider our materials as a reference guide, constantly refer to them when you solve the USE tests in the Russian language.

What is the Unified State Exam for the Russian Unified State Exam. What are the requirements and criteria. What is CMM?

December composition for the exam in the Russian language 2019-2020

How to prepare for the December 2018 Essay?

Video course on Russian language and literature "December 2014".

This course describes the most winning themes of the December essay and reveals the technology of its writing. You will learn how to get high results on your essay guaranteed and with a minimum amount of time.
The author of the video course is Tatyana Vladimirovna Vorontsova, a leading teacher of the Russian language and literature of the USE-Studio company, Candidate of Philology.

Guide for preparing for the exam

Reference information for all tasks: 1 - 26. If you don’t know something, don’t remember, don’t understand, you are here. Simple, accessible, many examples.

Collection of training tests: 1 - 24

Practice tests with answers to all tasks

"Unified State Exam Navigator"

Interactive preparation course for the exam in the Russian language. 26 sections. Individual statistics of achievements. Variants are formed for each personally at new visits. Fully complies with the new USE format.

• Unified State Exam Navigator by Subscription

"USE respondent"

Who is interested in the training versions of the Unified State Exam in the Russian language with answers and comments? Our new series "Unified State Examination Answer" is for you.

Collection of essays on the Russian language (task 26)

It is easier to learn how to write essays on the original text if you know exactly what the USE requirements for task 26 in the Russian language are. Analysis of graduates' works shows typical mistakes and shortcomings.

Final winter essay

All about the graduation essay. Concept. Test criteria at school. Assessment criteria in universities. Samples of work.

Workshop on orthoepy

FIPI nouns. How do you remember them? Intensive interactive training will help

Helpful information

The word USE has a fascinating effect on people. The majority, long before the exam, begins to regard it as a fatal milestone: terrible and inevitable. One gets the impression that the will and mind of people are paralyzed at the same time ... Distinct images of a conveyor belt, a meat grinder, or a stream carrying the unfortunate people into an unknown direction emerge ... What is the consequence of such an attitude towards the upcoming test? Passivity, indifference or, on the contrary, feverish activity, senseless fuss, excessive nervous tension. Get reliable information about the upcoming exam.

Useless information

Even during difficult or serious work, you can find a reason to joke. A rubric for those who want to relax a little

Self-defense. If you need an appeal

It is better not to tune in to the appeal. There is such a regularity in life: often people attract situations that they think too much about. The situation for filing an appeal is not the most pleasant one. I wish you could avoid it. But if an appeal is imminent, then it's best to know how to file it.
Therefore, I consider it important to talk about this topic as well.

First, try to complete the tasks of 2018 yourself.

Unified State Exam-2018 in Russian. Early option. Answers and explanations

1

(1) Astronomy, like all other sciences, arose from the practical needs of man. (2) With the development of society, astronomy faced more and more new problems, for the solution of which more perfect methods of observation and more accurate methods of calculations were needed. (3)<…> Gradually, the simplest astronomical instruments began to be created and mathematical methods for processing observations were developed.

Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The practical needs of man led to the emergence of astronomy, which developed independently of the development of human society.
2) The emergence and development of astronomy closely related to practicalhuman needsrequiring more perfect waysobservations and calculation methods, in connection with which began to be createdthe simplest astronomical instruments and to be developed moreperfect mathematical methods for processing observations.
3) With the development of human society, problems were put forward before astronomy, for the solution of which more advanced methods of observation and more accurate methods of calculations were needed.
4) The origin and development of astronomy is explained human needsdemanding more advanced methods of observation and methodscalculationsfor which astronomical instruments began to be created and
develop mathematical methods for processing observations.
5) The creation of the simplest astronomical instruments and the improvement of mathematical methods for processing observations led to the development of astronomy.

Recommended first, do not read the text, but find two identical statements... For this, keywords should be underlined. This is often not easy to do. But in this assignment, FIPI decided to play giveaway. Options 2 and 4 are almost identical. Find, as they say, 10 differences. The text, of course, should still be read in order to check the answer and move on to task 2.

Answer: 24

2

Which of the following words (combination of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

After all
therefore
Although
Despite this,
but

If Russian is not your native language and you do not catch the shades of the meanings of the service parts of speech, the hint can be easily found in the previous task. Our correct option 2 contains the words "in connection with what", which replace the word "therefore" within the meaning.

Answer: therefore

3

Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meanings of the word SOCIETY. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

SOCIETY, -a, cf.
1) In a noble environment: narrow crur chosen of people... Accepted in society. To be in society.
2) Voluntary, permanent bringing people togetherto achieve any goal. O book lovers. All-Russian about. nature protection. Sports societies.
3) One or the other wednesday of people, company. Get into a bad about. The soul of society.
4) Collection of people, united by historically conditioned social forms of joint life and activity... Feudal Fr. Capitalist Fr.
5) something. Joint stay with someone Shun someone else's. society. In the company of old friends.

Polysemous words in each specific text are used only in one of their meanings (if this is not a deliberate play on words). What is the meaning of the word "society" realized in the sentence " With developmentsociety more and more new tasks were put forward before astronomy "? We underline the keywords in each interpretation (bold in bold). The fifth point disappears immediately. We are talking about the development of society, and living together cannot develop in any way. The first four meanings can be attributed to one general category - bringing people together. Let's see how each union is characterized (highlighted in green). Since the whole science has managed to change, the speech in the text is about a long time and historical processes. A narrow circle of a select few, a voluntary association and a company would not have lasted that long. Option 4 remains.

Answer: 4

4.

In one of the words below, a mistake was made in the formulation of stress: the letter denoting a stressed vowel sound is incorrectly highlighted. Write this word down.

Mosaic
will facilitate
convocation
locked
facilities

It is unlikely that anyone else has memorized how to pronounce the last three words. They are somehow well known. On the exam, you would most likely have to choose between the first two words. Indeed, many around them say "lightweight".
Perhaps someone will remember the memory rhyme: "We need to heal the wounds in order to ease suffering", and someone will remember that the verbs that come across in this task often have the stress on the last syllable.

If question 4 causes you difficulty, buy ours, and you will be happy. In an hour you will memorize all the correct accents.

Answer: mosaic.

5.

One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word WRONG. Correct the lexical error by matching a paronym to the selected word. Write down the chosen word.

When the young specialist was PROVIDED to speak, there was silence in the hall.
The forward scored two goals and made one efficient PASS.
The purpose of the program is to expand the opportunities for talented students for professional growth, inventive activity.
During heavy rain, the barrels in the garden OVERFILL with water.
The remarkable role of the GREAT actor brought him national love and fame.

This task turned out to be easy. A person can be inventive, not an activity. To understand this, you need to know the meanings of the paronyms:

Inventive- resourceful, quick-witted, able to invent: an inventive hostess, an inventive craftsman, an inventive child.
Inventive- relating to invention, to inventor: invention bureau, law, creativity, competition.

Answer: inventive

6

In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

Get well soon
Baked pie
WITH WALLPAPER tables
The foliage is crumbling
famous DESIGNERS

Tables - m., So the form "both" just fits. For "beds" or "nightstands" would fit "both".
Constructors or constructors? We check the table in the reference book. In general, few people say "constructor", it's hard to make a mistake. Here with doctors, professors and paramedics you can get into a mess. Learn the material!
"The fastest" and "sways" in general is beyond doubt. So we say.
When conjugating the verb, BAKE the correct forms - BAKE, but: BAKE, BAKE, BAKE, BAKE.

To prepare for this task, you may find our Word Forms reference book useful (it's free).
We have a recording of the webinar "Task 6 in the Unified State Exam" on our website. Buy and watch the recording.

Answer: bake

7

Grammatical errors A) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members B) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition C) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover D) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover E) violation of the species-temporal correlation of verb forms

suggestions 1) Only after arriving at the unit, we received permission to move in. 2) The article talks about ancient culture, as well as contemporary art. 3) Russian teachers spend annual professional competitions, during which shared with each other by the accumulated experience. 4) There were not so many who did not visit the art gallery. 5) On thin legs, the buds of carnations swayed, not yet fully dissolved i am. 6) Thanks to used and I innovative technologies have significantly increased the quality of products. 7) The confidence that any newborn is sure to speak some language has given rise to a whole chain of experiments. 8) Young performer not only loved classical music, but also jazz. 9) Changing the title of the song, was prepared new poster.

We recommend solving this problem like Sudoku, gradually eliminating simple and accurate answers.

We look at the right column and choose what is easiest to find. Under A - an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members. Under this formulation, a dozen types of errors associated with homogeneous members are thwarted. Never start from that point.

We think it's easier to start with B - the wrong use of the case form of a noun with a preposition. Usually, the correct answer is given by prepositions due to, according to, in spite of, in spite of, requiring the dative case. Less common are other derivative prepositions - upon arrival, upon departure. And we just have " Thanks to used and I"In d.p. it would be useable. So we found the error. Do not forget to cross out B and 6 so that these texts do not bother you anymore.

Now let's look for participial and participial phrases. It's easy too.
We have only one participle - in Proposition 5. We read, we see that it is written quite crookedly. The inconsistency of words is striking.

Let us recall the questions of the participle: what to do? what having done? There are two adjectives. Choose from sentences 1 and 9. We emphasize the turns, we emphasize the basics. Make sure the sentences are not impersonal. If you see the impersonal, there is definitely a mistake. You cannot use adverbial expressions in impersonal sentences. Now we look for the action described in the adverbial turnover to be done by the one named in the subject. We could arrive at the unit, but the poster could not change the name.

Violation of the species-temporal correlation of verb forms is also quite easy to find. We underline verbs in the remaining sentences and look at their forms. We are looking for a temporary or species inconsistency. ...
We find a discrepancy: spend - n.v., shared - p.v.

And now we have the most difficult task, but now there are half the proposals. There are 1, 2, 4, 7, 8 left.
In 1, 4 and 7 there are no homogeneous members at all. Remaining 2 and 8.
In the second sentence, you should immediately be alerted by "and". Sometimes you come across sentences with a non-existent union "not only, ... but also." But there is no "not only". This is the correct option.
Let's look at the homogeneous members of the 8th sentence. Fathers! It's a predicate and an addition! They cannot be homogeneous!

Answer:

AND	B	IN	D	D
8	6	9	5	3

Determine the word missing the unstressed verifiable vowel of the root. Write this word by inserting the missing letter.

Ab..nement
pr..stizh
ecology
this label
p..rket

The check word matches only one: ecology - ecologist.

Answer: ecology

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words by inserting the missing letter.

Ra ... put, and ... work
continuous, pr..fight
not ... visual, go ... go
ra ... count, and ... give
oh ... pulled, on ... bit

Placed, calculate - C in front of the deaf,
andProduct, andGet - Z before the bells,
The OT and NAD prefixes do not change.
continuous - prefix value PRE - interrupt close to PER.
breakdown - prefix value PRI - approximation.
the prefixes HA and ZA do not change and are always written this way.

Answer: beloved

Write down the word in which the letter E is written at the place of the pass.

Endured
messy ... out
I mean
thrown
cutting ...

This and 11 tasks are best done by speaking the words. If you are a native speaker, you will most likely hear the correct version. Well, you can hear: meant... Of course, you can learn that the CHIV and LIV suffixes are written with AND and repeat all the rules about verb suffixes.

Answer: I did.

Write down the word in which the letter I is written at the place of the pass.

You stuck ... you
missed
unacceptable (conditions)
disappear ... you
very ... my

It's a little more complicated by ear here. "Missing" and "you will disappear" are audible clearly, the rest can be pronounced differently. So let's explain each letter.

You will grow stiff - excl. shave, lay, stand - 1 dp, in personal end E.
missed - page reason, infinitive Skip not in At-Yat, therefore we write the suffix EN (H)
disappear - what will you do? what to do - disappeared duck... 1 ref, in personal ending E.
unacceptable, tormented - the suffixes of verbal adjectives and participles EM / IM are checked by conjugation. Torment - 2 sp.

Answer: tormented.

Define a sentence in which NOT with the highlighted word is written LITTLE. Expand the parentheses and write out this word.

The vines of the willows and the leaves of the oak shine like lips (NOT) WASTE by hand.
We remained in (NOT) DOUBT when the strange guest suddenly left.
(NOT) CONSCIOUS of their destiny, the heroes of the plays by A.P. Chekhov's life is often pointless.
Potatoes in the gardens are still (NOT) DIGGED.
Small tragedies of an individual remain (NOT) NOTED by anyone.

When completing task 12, first of all, always check each word to see if it is used without a NOT. There is no word "understanding". The answer lay on the surface.
To be sure, check the rest of the words:
not wiped by the hand, not noticed by anyone - participles with dependent words,
without realizing - not with a gerunds,
not dug up - not with a short participle.

Answer: bewildered

Define a sentence in which both highlighted words are spelled LITTLE. Expand the brackets and write out these two words.

1. (BEFORE) THEN he turned the ruler of the compass (B) in the direction in which the boy disappeared.

2. THE SAME expression of readiness for decisive action appeared on Artyom's face, as when we first met, (FOR) WHAT even his eyes expressed the same confidence.

3. I (THAT) HOUR went to the Tatarinovs in such a way that I (WOULD) not find Nikolai Antonovich.

4. (B) FOR some time, Vera has received ardent and passionate love letters from an unknown person, but (STILL) does not attach importance to them.

5. Onegin, just like the hero of B. Konstan, is smart, but emphatically indifferent to the people around him and (AT THAT) does not see anything in life worthy of his spiritual efforts.

Be sure to separate sentences with parentheses before doing this exercise. Make sure there are five of them.

We offer an algorithm:

1. First, find the words that are exactly hyphenated: something, something, something, something, after all, double adverbs (it's easier). But there are none.
2. Look for words that are definitely being spelled separately. Prepositions with nouns and pronouns, words just, all the same, as it were, or something. Sentence 1 can be deleted. "In that" will never be one. A preposition with a pronoun.
3. Find the words "During (s)" and "in continuation (s)". They are often given and are always written separately, regardless of their meaning. There is such a thing. Sentence 4 can be deleted.
4. Look, if there are words WHAT (WER), THAT (SAME) and SO (SAME). With them, too, everything is simple. See if you can remove the particle. Sentences 2 and 5 are dropped.

That's it, there is only one option. But let's check just in case: "immediately" is spelled together, with "so" it is impossible to remove or rearrange "would".

Answer: immediately

Indicate all the numbers in which N. is written.

At the celebration of the (1) th ceremony of presenting the state (2) awards, she delivered (3) in the flame (4) speech, which made a strong impression on the workers of the rear who gathered in the hall (5).

There are no special tricks here. We just explain each word according to the rules.
solemn, state, fiery - suffix. ЕНН in defunct adjectives,
pronounced - a short participle with H,
a swindler stole one N. from a worker.

If you cannot overcome N and NN in any way, go through our simulator

Answer: 35

Arrange punctuation marks. Indicate two sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) A penetrating love for native places and snow-covered spaces beckons to itself gives rise to thoughts about the bitterness of loss and anxiety for the future.
2) The language itself contains images and rhythm and rhymes and alliteration.
3) The language is diverse and polyphonic and multi-toned.
4) Not that thoughts, or memories, or dreams wandered in his head.
5) The air is light and clean and the river is frozen.

1) A penetrating love for native places and snow-covered expanses beckons to itself, gives rise to thoughts about the bitterness of loss and anxiety for the future. Homogeneous predicates.
2) The language itself contains images, rhythm, rhymes, and alliteration. Recurring union.
3) The language is diverse, and polyphonic, and multi-tone. Repeating unions again.
4) Not that thoughts, not that memories, or dreams wandered in his head. Three homogeneous members with a double union.
5) The air is light and clean, and the river is frozen. SSP.

Answer: 15 (what a symmetry: task 15 and answer 15!)

After completing the first stage of preparation (1), you can add (2) finely chopped truffles (3) or (4) pre-cooked champignons to the dish.

We highlight the adverbial turnover.
Participle phrases before the defined words. The words being defined are not personal pronouns. Turnovers do not have additional values. There is no reason to isolate these turns.

Answer: 1

Arrange any missing punctuation marks: write the number (s) followed by the comma (s).

I love (1) you (2) my damask (3) dagger (4)
The comrade is light and cold.
A pensive Georgian forged you for revenge,
A free Circassian sharpened the formidable battle.<...>
You are given to me as a companion (5) love pledge (6) dumb (7)
And the wanderer in you is not a useless example:
Yes, I will not change and I will be firm in my soul
How are you, how are you (8) my friend (9) iron.

(M.Yu. Lermontov)

If you read the poem carefully to the end, highlight the references easily. Those who caught the words with their eyes and did not finish reading the lines made a mistake in this task.
Of course, you also need to think about the meaning of the last lines. If you put the ninth comma, it turns out that the lyric hero wants to become iron in the literal sense.

Answer: 24578

Arrange punctuation marks: indicate the number (s), in the place of which (s) in the sentence should be (s) a comma (s).

Since then, every time (1) when we come across a composer (2) without laughing he cannot remember this incident (3) which we have become involuntary witnesses.

It should be noted that this task is a little more difficult than those almost identical eighteenth tasks that we find in CMMs. You need to emphasize the basics and draw a diagram. Commas and part! Well, and remember that in this task there is always the pronoun "which" is located deep inside the clause.

[Since then, every time (when we come across a composer somewhere), he cannot recall this incident without laughing], (which we have become involuntary witnesses).

Answer: 123

Arrange punctuation marks: include all numbers, in place of which in the sentence must be commas.

I really wanted to see my former classmates (1) and (2) when we met (3) I asked them (4) if they miss school.

Here we have a junction of the compositional and subordinate unions. The hardest part is deciding whether to put the second comma. To check this, we mentally take out the subordinate clause and see if the sentence is read normally without it.

I really wanted to see my former classmates, and I asked them ...

It reads well, so the second comma is needed.
The comma would not be used if it was something like this:
I really wanted to see my former classmates, and theni asked them ...

The second difficulty: the subordinate clause with the LI union. Well, not everyone recognizes him, it is rare. Learn materiel.

[I really wanted to see my former classmates], and, (when our meeting took place), [I asked them], (do they miss school).

Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the selected word, observing the norms of the modern Russian literary language.

Athletes have to train intensively for more than one year in order to win a world record.

As we expected, the same problems arose with this task as with task 6 in the OGE. This is all due to the fact that there are many synonyms in the Russian language and the text can be corrected in different ways. It is clear that they are not winning records, they are winning medals. Words are suitable for replacement beat, set, set (?).We can only hope that the answers of the FIPI will take into account all possible options.

Answer: beaten, installed. Perhaps they did.

Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Enter the answer numbers.

We search for and underline such words or synonyms in the text.

1) After a shell burst, the wounded captain Sumskov continued to maintain the morale of the Red Army soldiers.

(44) Overtaking at the verythe ravine of the fleeing Germans, Zvyagintsev and the others began to work with bayonets,far behind the Red Army soldiers rushing forward, heavily falling onwounded leg, Sergeant Lyubchenko was walking, holding a banner in one hand, the otherpressing the machine gun placed forward to the side;crawled out of the broken
shell of a trench wounded captain Sumskov ... (45) Leaning on my left hand the captain crawled down from the height, following his soldiers. (46) Not Bloodwas in his lime-white face, but he still moved forward and,throwing your head backshouted in a childishly thin, breaking voice:
- Eagles! (47) My dear ones, go ahead! .. (48) Give them life!

Right!

2) The heavy battle of the Red Army lasted for several minutes, but the enemy's losses were great.

(35) Him the fight seemed to go onseveral minutes, but in fact more than half an hour has passed since the start of the attack,
the sun was noticeably bent to the west, and its rays had already begun to lose their recent evil pungency.

No.

3) Nikolai Streltsov served in an infantry regiment during the Great Patriotic War.

(7)Infantry regimentcame out of the farm. (8) Zvyagintsev pushed Nikolay elbow and, brightly shining his eyes, said:
- To go into battle with a banner is suitable, and to retreat with it - just God forbid! (9) How do you suppose we will resist?
(10)Nikolay nodded emphatically.

Right!

4) In the harsh wartime, Nikolai Streltsov involuntarily remembered his son.

(13) And Nikolai gazed at him intently and opened his eyes wide in amazement: how similar! (14) The same like the elderlittle sons, wide-set blue eyes, the same flaxen hair ... (15) There was an imperceptible resemblance both in the features of the face and in the whole small, tightly knit figure. (sixteen) Somewhere he is now, his small, infinitely dearNikolenka Streltsov?(17) I wanted it again take a look at the boy sostrikingly like a son, but Nikolai restrained himself: not needed before the fighthis memoriesfrom which the heart softens.

Right!

5) Tank units came to the aid of the Red Army men who were defending the height.

There were tanks, but German ones.

Answer: 134

Which of the following statements are true? Specify numbers
answers.

5) Proposals 37, 38 present the reasoning

1) Proposition 10 answers the question posed in proposal 4.

Some were caught here. If you don't read it, everything looks exactly like this: there is a question, there is an answer to it. It is necessary to read and see that the hero is already answering another question.

2) Proposals 12, 14 contain a description.

There is such a thing.

(12) Near the windmillbarefoot white-headed boyabout seven , red Army men.
(14) Same as the elderlittle sons,wide-set blue eyes, the same flaxen hair …

3) Sentences 16 and 17 are contrasted in content.

No. Not near. There is no opposition here.

(16) Somewhere he is now, his little, infinitely dearmemories from which his heart softens.

4) Sentences 27–31 provide a narrative.

Definitely. The physical actions of objects are listed. You can submit a video.

(27) First the tank stopped, before reaching a group of thorny bushes, the second broke out, turned was back and becameholding out a tar-black, slightly wavering smoky torch to the sky.
(31) Finally she got up, short dashes went to get closer, but at this time tankscool
turned around, moved back, leaving on the slope six dying and damaged cars.

5) Proposals 37, 38 provide reasoning.

No, there is not a single thought in anyone's head. Description with narrative elements.

(37) A heavy smell of burning iron and gasoline, mixed with the bitter, ash-like spirit of burnt grass, hit his nostrils. (38) Near the nearest tank, the grass was burnt out, small tongues of flame, almost invisible in the daylight, darted along the tops of the feather grass, the charred, dark skeletons of stationary tanks were smoking on the slope.

Answer: 24

Write out one phraseological unit from sentences 34–35.

That was a rather difficult task. Look at the passage. Phraseologism is not striking:

(34) Nikolay loaded empty disks, drank a little disgustingly warmwater from a flask, looked at his watch. (35) It seemed to him that the battle lastedseveral minutes, but in fact more than half an hour has passed since the start of the attack,
the sun was noticeably bent to the west, and its rays had already begun to loserecent evil pungency.

The fact is that they are so "overwritten" in our speech due to their frequent use that it is sometimes difficult to find them in the text. Here is a list of some commonly used phraseological units that have been encountered in the USE tests over the past years.

List of common phraseological units

 Quite often - everywhere, often; As if nothing had happened - not embarrassed; It became uncomfortable - anxious, bad; With a clear conscience - without guilt; Keeping pace with the times - in accordance with the spirit of the era; Every now and then - often; Spoil the blood - make you worry; Heart trembled - it became a pity; Striking - becomes noticeable; Once and for all - once; Summer and winter - always; Take over - win, overtake; Wave your hand - stop hoping for someone else's changes, to influence someone; Keep in mind - keep in sight; There is a speech - say; Heart sank - about fear; In fact - gain; At full speed - briskly, quickly; But you never know - approval, strengthening; From day to day - always; Not the last word belongs - strengthening due to a positive assessment of someone; In full spirit - quickly; What is urine - with tension, powerful; How to drink to give, by all means - necessarily, exactly; Occasionally - sometimes; Out of nowhere - suddenly; Out of the blue - suddenly; Quite often - everywhere.

Download a more complete list of "erased" phraseological units

Answer: on the same

24

Among sentences 12–17, find the one (s) that is (s) related to the previous one using a union and a personal pronoun. Write the number (s) of this offer (s).

(12) Near the windmill, a barefoot white-headed boy of about sevenwho grazed geese, ran closer to the road, stopped, slightly movingruddy lips, admiringly examining the passingred Army men. (13) AND Nikolai looked intently at him and amazedopened his eyes wide: how similar! (14) Same as the elderlittle sons, wide-set blue eyes, the same flaxen hair ...(15) There was a subtle resemblance both in facial features and in the whole small tightknocked down figure. (16) Somewhere itnow, his little, infinitely dearNikolenka Streltsov? (17) I wanted to take another look at the boy, sostrikingly similar to his son, but Nikolai restrained himself: before the battlehim memories that soften the heart.

Let's select all personal pronouns and look for conjunctions nearby. One could take the word "somewhere" for an alliance and make a mistake. Remember: there are no hyphenated conjunctions.

Answer: 13

25

“M.A. Sholokhov paid special attention to ordinary soldiers overcoming all the incredible difficulties and hardships of the war. The text often uses syntactic means of expression: (A) ________ (sentences 6 ‚11‚ 13) and (B) _______ (sentences 9 ‚16). A special role in the text belongs to the depiction of the realities of war. And here they play an important role trails: (C) _______ ("evil pungency" in sentence 35) and (D) ________ ("flaming ... flames" in sentence 38) ".

List of terms:
1) dialogue
2) epithet
3) metaphor
4) hyperbole
5) parceling
6) anaphora

8) comparison

First of all, let's see what tips the authors of the test gave us. We need to find 2 syntactic means of expression and 2 tropes.

So. What syntax do we have on the list?

5) parceling
6) anaphora
7) exclamation sentences
9) interrogative sentences

What paths?

2) epithet
3) metaphor
4) hyperbole
8) comparison

If you don't know how to use the hints, download the table. Download term matching table

The terms under the letters A and B are easy to define. We look at sentences 6, 11, 13. They are all exclamation points. Answer 7. 6 and 11 are interrogative. You don't even need to think. Kindergarten level.

Let's deal with the trails. There is definitely no exaggeration (hyperbole) in the proposed phrases. Comparison is a little more complicated. A metaphor is also a comparison, only a hidden one. Anyone who worked little with expressive means could get stuck. In comparison, it is always written what is being compared and with what. Here flashes of fire are compared to tongues. But only "tongues" are written, only what is being compared with. Let's look at the formal signs of comparison. There are no words like, like, like, exactly, like, what. There is no instrumental case. There is definitely no comparison.
Hence, the correct answers are an epithet and a metaphor. B is an epithet (there is no transfer of meaning), G is a metaphor (there is a transfer of meaning).

Answer: 7923

The writing

Approximate range of problems
1. The problem of the heroism of Russian soldiers during the Great Patriotic War (at what cost was the victory over fascism in the Great Patriotic War achieved?)	1. Victory over fascism in the Great Patriotic War was achieved at the cost of mass heroism of Soviet soldiers.
2. The problem of preserving humanity, memory of home, family, children in the heart of a warrior (What allowed a warrior to withstand an inhuman war?)	2. The memory of his children, his family, his native home, the defense of which the soldier stood up, gave him the opportunity to remain human and withstand difficult military trials.
3. The problem of maintaining a sense of duty and responsibility to the Motherland.	3. If a soldier is tuned into battle, he must drown out the spectrum of sentimental properties in himself, so as not to lose vigilance and fighting spirit.

To the first problem

If you write about heroism, omit the episode with the boy, focus on describing the battle, on the wounded commander, etc. It must be shown that the victory was achieved at a high cost and thanks to the perseverance of the people.

There are a lot of arguments. Take any books from the Soviet period about the war.

P.S. For yourself, you must understand that in fact there is no problem here. Heroism is a topic, but FIPI in such cases wants to be called a problem.

To the second problem.

The author is sure that the state of mind of a soldier depends on his memories. In this passage we see an image of a boy who reminded Streltsov of his son. He was overwhelmed by memories of home. The idea of \u200b\u200bhome, family, love for children became the soldier's spiritual supports.

Arguments can be taken from "War and Peace" (Nikolai Rostov), \u200b\u200b"The Dawns Here Are Quiet ..." (girls' memories), from the Tales of Lev Kassil (for example, "The Story of the Absent").

Sholokhov's many works about the war emphasize the preservation of the human in man ("Birthmark", "Foal", "Shibalkov's Seed", "The Fate of Man"). He contrasted the literature of the lost generation with works that asserted faith in a person who retained a moral core in war. And the idea of \u200b\u200bhome, family, love for children became the spiritual support of the soldier. All of the above stories have it. And "They defended the Motherland" is no exception.

To the third problem.

In a war, their own laws, and memories of home, family, and children distracted soldiers from the thought that a sense of duty and responsibility to the Motherland was above all. The episode of the meeting with the boy is both a test for the ability to pull yourself together when you are responsible to the Motherland, and at the same time motivation: for whom do you bear this responsibility. (For commentary refer to proposals # 5 and # 18-19).

Why did the boy wave his hand? He believes in the Protector Soldier; that one for him is an example to follow. Therefore, Streltsov must correspond to this image.

P.S. 2 Pay attention : the second and third positions contradict each other. But you can prove both.

The problems were highlighted by the authors and users of "I Can Write" in a small brainstorming session. Thanks for the ideas to Dmitry Vasiliev, Irina Ivleva, Marina Balyunova.

If you have trouble isolating problems (sorry for the tautology), listen to the recordings of the "Composition in the Unified State Exam" webinars with Yulia Krasovskikh.
If you do not know how to select your arguments, you are welcome to the course of Svetlana Guzaevskaya "Argumentation in the composition of the Unified State Exam".
By the way, the authors of these courses check the work of those who bought the recordings of the webinars. You will receive a review in a personal VK and will be able to ask questions about your composition.

The USE in the Russian language, along with mathematics, is one of the prerequisites for obtaining a certificate and admission to universities. Naturally, many people want to find the right answers in advance and get the highest possible result.

Students will take the exam this year on June 6. We will tell you how to proceed and what resources to use to earn precious points.

What types of tasks can be answered

The Unified State Exam in Russian consists of two parts - test items with a short answer and an essay.

The first involves completing 25 tasks with a short answer. Answer options can be offered - then only the correct number will need to be entered in the appropriate field, or not - then you will have to formulate it yourself and write it down.

The types of tasks are as follows:

• understanding the text;
• knowledge of orthoepic norms (stresses);
• knowledge of paronyms;
• syntax (including punctuation);
• morphology (various forms of words and the rules for their formation);
• spelling;
• lexical norms;
• text analysis.

Only one of them is new - the task on the knowledge of lexical norms, No. 20 in the KIMs of this year.

It is quite simple to formulate answers to such tasks - they do not require any detailed explanations. And this is very encouraging for those who are actively searching for answers - you just need to remember the necessary numbers and words.

Everything is much more complicated with the second part of the USE in Russian - the composition. All reviewers know perfectly well what finished versions of essays look like, and memorizing a whole text is not an easy task. However, if you are not confident in your abilities and willingness to improvise, you can always use ready-made arguments for all occasions. The problems raised by the essay are fairly standard, and a list of arguments from a literary classic can always help out. Although this is not a complete ready-made answer, it is quite simple to find it.

Where to find ready-made answers to the Unified State Exam in the Russian language 2018

It will be very easy to find answers to test tasks in Russian on the eve of the exam. They will be offered by literally any resource related to learning, be it websites for schoolchildren or thematic groups on social networks.

Is it a good idea to try to use them? At your peril. Firstly, scammers will demand money from you for access to ready-made answers, and then they may not provide them. Secondly, there is absolutely no certainty that these answers will be relevant to the CMMs that you will receive in the end. Basically, you get a pig in a poke.

Even if you imagine the utopian possibility that you will somehow fall into the hands of real answers to the tests, there remains an essay that is rated very high - 42 points. And without it, you still can't get a high score.

Thus, the search for ready-made solutions looks like a not particularly useful and profitable undertaking. The easiest way to find answers to the Unified State Exam in the Russian language is to learn the rules and practice writing an essay, then all the answers will be in your head.

Unified State Exam 2018. Russian language. Typical test tasks. 14 options for tasks.

M .: 2018 .-- 136s. M .: 2018 .-- 256s.

The authors of the assignments are specialists who are directly involved in the development of the USE assignments. Typical test tasks in the Russian language contain 14 options for sets of tasks, compiled taking into account all the requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2018. The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with complete information about the structure and content of the KIM in the Russian language, the degree of difficulty of the tasks. The collection provides answers to all test options and provides a detailed explanation of the performance of tasks for one option. In addition, samples of the forms used on the exam for recording answers are provided. The manual is addressed to high school students for self-preparation and self-control, as well as teachers to prepare students for the Russian language exam.

Format: pdf format 220x290

The size: 2.6 MB

Watch, download: drive.google

Format: pdf format 130x200

The size: 2.6 MB

Watch, download: drive.google

CONTENT
Work instructions 5
Option 1
Part 1 9
Part 2 24
Option 2
Part 1 25
Part 2 40
Option 3
Part 1 42
Part 2 56
Option 4
Part 1 57
Part 2 72
Option 5
Part 1 74
Part 2 89
Option 6
Part 1 91
Part 2 106
Option 7
Part 1 108
Part 2 123
Option 8
Part 1 125
Part 2 140
Option 9
Part 1 142
Part 2 157
Option 10
Part 1 159
Part 2 173
Option 11
Part 1 175
Part 2 189
Option 12
Part 1 191
Part 2 205
Option 13
Part 1 206
Part 2 221
Option 14
Part 1 222
Part 2 235
237 replies
Information about texts 242

The examination paper consists of two parts containing 25 items. Part 1 contains 24 tasks, part 2 contains one task.
3.5 hours (210 minutes) are allotted for the execution of the examination work in the Russian language.
Answers to tasks 1-24 are a digit (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers). Write the answer in the answer field in the text of the work, and then transfer it according to the samples below to the answer form No. 1.
Task 25 of Part 2 is an essay based on the text read. This task is performed on answer sheet number 2.
All USE forms are filled in with bright black ink. The use of a gel, capillary or fountain pen is allowed.
When completing assignments, you can use the draft. Draft entries do not count towards grading work.
The points received by you for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and get the most points.