Lesson questions
Hebrew tribes
Old Testament - the first part of the Bible
The myth of the first people
Flood myth
· Ten Commandments
Biblical legends
Before starting our lesson, answer a simple question: "where does knowledge come from?" They are given by parents, teachers, books, television, the Internet, right? Have you ever thought about how people received knowledge earlier? Undoubtedly, since ancient times, parents passed on their experience to their children. For example, how to hunt correctly or what you can eat in the forest and what you can't. All this had to be memorized (they did not know how to write then) and there was no guarantee that the next generations would receive this knowledge. Anything could happen.
But about five thousand years ago, people invented writing. They began to write down everything they knew on clay tablets, papyrus, stone, tree bark. Now their descendants could learn from these ancient "books", pass on knowledge to the next generations. The book has become the most important repository of knowledge.
Today we will talk about one of the most important books in history - the Bible - (or rather its first part).
Hebrew tribes.
In the II millennium BC, different tribes of pastoralists lived between Egypt, Mesopotamia, Phenicia and the Mediterranean coast. Including ancient Jews.
At first they were nomads and moved their herds from pasture to pasture. Indeed, in the lands where the Hebrew tribes lived there were only steppes and hills. It was very difficult to farm here. Therefore, they did not have permanent settlements.
The shepherds are accustomed to a simple and burdensome life. Together with their families, they lived in felt tents. They were easy to transport from place to place. The main wealth of the tribe was herds. Goats and sheep gave milk, meat, wool.
Led by Jewish tribes chiefs-elders... But their most important task was to preserve the traditions of the past of their people. At first, these legends were passed down orally from generation to generation. And then they entered the Bible .
The Old Testament is the first part of the Bible.
The word "Bible" from the ancient Greek language is translated as "books". Tell me, what is the name of the place now, where a large number of books, magazines, newspapers are collected? Where can you come and read or take a book home? Library. Can't you find a similarity in this name and the word "Bible"? And there is. After all, "library" is translated from the same ancient Greek as "storage of books."
The first and oldest part of the Bible is called Old Testament... It contains ancient Jewish myths and traditions. Old Testament – a sacred book for both Jews and peoples who have adopted Christianity. The Old Testament contains more than stories about the distant past. But also the reflections and teachings of the sages. Records of ancient laws and customs.
Jews, like other ancient peoples, once worshiped many gods. But over time, they came to monotheism and began to worship only God Yahweh... The ancient Jews believed that Yahweh created the whole world and the first people. The Old Testament begins with these stories.
The myth of the first people.
And God created the Garden of Eden, and placed in it the first man to whom he gave a name Adam... Paradise was beautiful: animals and birds lived there, flowers and fruit trees grew. But Adam was very lonely. Then one day, while Adam was sleeping, God took out his rib and made a woman out of him. He named her Eve... She became the wife of Adam. Adam and Eve lived happily in paradise, not knowing what was good and what was bad.
In paradise grew Tree of knowledge". God strictly forbade Adam and Eve to eat the fruits of this tree. “Whoever tastes that fruit will die” - God warned people. But the insidious serpent who lived in the Garden of Eden persuaded Eve to try the forbidden fruit. “Whoever eats it will become wise like God,” he said. Eve succumbed to persuasion. She ate the fruit herself and gave it to Adam. God found out about this and was angry. Then he drove people out of paradise.
Also, biblical legends tell about the distant ancestors of the Jewish tribes. In the Old Testament, the history of the Jewish people is presented as the tradition of one big family.
The progenitors of the Jews are considered Abraham, his son Isaac, and the grandson of Jacob. Interestingly, Jacob's second name - Israel - gave the name to the entire Jewish people - the Israelites. And also the modern Jewish state in the Middle East.
Joseph.
Jacob had several sons. But the youngest was loved Joseph... Because of this, the brothers were very jealous of Joseph and decided to destroy him. Waiting for the right moment, they grabbed the young man. And then they sold it to a merchant on his way to Egypt. The brothers told their father that Joseph was killed by predators.
In Egypt, Joseph became the slave of a rich man. But luck was on the young man's side. After some time, he found himself at the court of the pharaoh himself. Here Joseph distinguished himself by being able to explain the mysterious dreams of the ruler. He predicted the onset of great crop failures and a terrible famine and gave Pharaoh important advice - to stock up on as much grain as possible. The governor listened to Joseph.
Indeed, a few years later the time of disasters came, but Egypt was ready for them. For the wise foresight that saved the whole country, Pharaoh made Joseph his governor. Meanwhile, famine raged in neighboring lands.
He also did not pass by Joseph's homeland. Wanting to help his fellow tribesmen, the governor invited them to move to Egypt, promising food and protection. Joseph's brothers came first for food. But they did not recognize the brother dressed in Egyptian clothes. Joseph decided to test his brothers.
He said he wanted to buy the youngest of them and make him his slave. But the brothers refused. Together they stood up for the boy. Seeing this, Joseph forgave them their previous offenses. Then he resettled his entire family to Egypt.
The Israelites lived in peace with the Egyptians for many years. But over time, one Pharaoh worried that the descendants of Jacob were becoming more than the Egyptians. That the Israelis, if something happens, can help the enemies of Egypt. And then he decided to destroy their entire family.
Moses.
Pharaoh soon forced the Israelites to work day and night on the construction. And then he even ordered them to give all the newborn boys to the executioners. But one mother decided to protect her child. She put the boy in a basket and left him on the banks of the Nile. In the place where the Pharaoh's daughter used to bathe. As the mother expected, the girl found the child. She adopted a boy and raised him as her own, giving a name Moses.
Many years passed, Moses grew up and learned about his origins, as well as about the hardships experienced by his people. Angered, he killed an Egyptian overseer who was punishing an Israelite. Then he was forced to leave Egypt.
He wandered for a long time in a foreign country, but one day in the desert in front of Moses a bush suddenly flared up with a bright flame. A voice rang out from the fire: “I am the God of Yahweh. And I command you to lead my people out of Egypt. "
Moses returned to Egypt. There he begged Pharaoh for a long time to let the Israelites go in peace. But the ruler resolutely refused.
Then the Israelites, led by Moses, decided to flee. They soon reached the Red Sea. But there was no way to cross it. In addition, the tribesmen of Moses were overtaken by the army of Pharaoh, who wanted to enslave them again. Hope left the Israelis. Many of them were already ready to die. But here, by the will of God, the waters of the sea parted. Along the bottom, the Israelites crossed to the other side. When the Egyptian chariots rushed after them, the waters closed again.
They swallowed up the entire Egyptian army, like the once global flood of careless people. Let's rest a little and listen to this Old Testament tradition.
The Flood Myth.
After the expulsion from paradise, Adam and Eve had children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. But their life was hard. I had to work hard to get food. People stopped honoring God and did evil deeds. It got to the point that the eldest son of Adam and Eve, Cain, killed his brother Abel.
Then God decided to destroy all life on Earth by creating a flood. He only regretted a kind and pious man named Noah... At the behest of God, Noah built a large ship - the ark.
On the appointed day, Noah entered the ark with his family and a couple of all living beings. The downpour lasted forty days and nights. The water completely covered the ground.
Everyone died except those in the ark. And only after many days the water began to subside, revealing the top of the mountain Ararat... There the ark came. Noah left the ship, and his descendants repopulated the Earth.
Ten Commandments.
Now back to Moses. After their miraculous rescue, the Israelites found themselves on the other side of the Red Sea, in the Sinai desert. Three months later, Moses led his tribe to Mount Sinai. Here the Israelites witnessed the appearance of the god Yahweh.
In the Old Testament it is described as follows: “Moses ascended to the top of the mountain. The rest were ordered to wait below. And suddenly people saw lightning, heard the rumble of thunder. The whole mountain was in smoke because the Lord descended on it in fire. "
God gave Moses stone boards - tablets... The ten commandments were written on them - the basis of the faith of the Jews.
They read:
· "I am the Lord your God." This meant that the Israelites had to worship only one Yahweh.
· "Do not make yourself an idol". This meant that people should not worship idols like the heathen.
· "Do not use the name of God in vain." That is, one must treat the name of God with respect.
· "Remember the day of the Lord." This means that six days a week people had to work hard, and the seventh to devote to serving God.
· "Honor your father and mother." By this, God wanted to say that people should always respect their parents and obey them.
· "Dont kill". It meant that people should not kill other people.
· "Do not commit adultery." This commandment says that men and women should respect each other.
· "Do not steal." That is, you cannot take for yourself what belongs to others.
· "Do not lie". This meant that you cannot blame people for what they did not do.
· "Do not covet someone else." Here God warns people against envy, against the desire to take possession of other people's things.
The Jews concluded a treaty with Yahweh - covenant... They agreed to fulfill all ten commandments. For this, God promised to bring them to the fertile lands called Palestine.
But after that, the Jews walked in the desert for another forty years. Why is it taking so long, you ask. Wasn't it possible to go straight to your new home? It turns out that Moses wanted a new generation of Israelites to be born during this time. Those who have never known slavery. In them he saw the future of his people.
Now let's repeat everything we learned today.
· About the Hebrew tribes is known from the II millennium BC. e.
· They lived in the lands between Egypt, Mesopotamia, Phenicia and the Mediterranean coast.
· The first part of the Bible is called the Old Testament; in addition to myths, it contains a description of the entire ancient history of the Jewish people.
· According to biblical legends, Abraham, his son Isaac and grandson Jacob are considered the progenitors of the Jews.
· The Jewish people lived in Egypt for a long time, until Moses brought them out from there.
· God gave the Jewish people ten commandments, which became the basis of their faith.
The Bible (from the Greek "book") is a collection of sacred texts. Consists of two parts - Old Testament and New Testament. Christians honor both parts of the Bible. For the Jews (Judaism), only the first is sacred. The Old Testament contains legends about the ancient history of the Jewish people.
Initially, the Hebrew tribes were nomadic herders. They lived in areas between Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean coast.
In ancient times, Jewish tribes worshiped many gods, but in the 7th century. BC. they have a monotheistic religion, that is, belief in a single God.
Developments *
God creates the first people - Adam and Eve, who lived in paradise until they tasted the forbidden fruit. As a punishment, God expels them to Earth.
Cain and Abel (sons of Adam and Eve) made sacrifices to the gods. Cain's gifts rejected by God inspired in him a feeling of envy, because of which Cain kills Abel.
As punishment for sins, God sends a Flood to the Earth. Only one pious man - Noah - God allowed to be saved. At the direction of God, Noah builds an ark ship.
Abraham (the progenitor of the Israelites) concludes a covenant-contract with God that the descendants of Abraham will worship only him, and he will make them the chosen people.
Joseph is Jacob's beloved son, whom the brothers sell to an Egyptian merchant. In Egypt, Joseph becomes a slave, and then a nobleman (due to the fact that he correctly interprets Pharaoh's dream and saves the Egyptians from hunger). As a result of the famine, the entire family of Jacob migrates to Egypt.
On Mount Sinai, Moses receives from God the stone tablets with the ten commandments carved on them.
* Events are given according to biblical history
Participants
In the steppe and hilly regions between Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean coast, the Hebrew tribes grazed herds. Elders were at the head of the Jewish tribes. They carefully kept in memory the legends about the past of their people. These traditions were included in the Old Testament - the most ancient part of the Bible. The Jews worshiped one God - Yahweh. They believed that Yahweh created the world and gave people commandments. The Old Testament begins with stories about the creation of the world, about the first people, about the Great Flood (Fig. 1).
Figure: 1. "Adam and Eve in the earthly paradise", painting by Wenceslao Peter (1742, Bohemia - 1829, Rome) ()
Biblical legends tell about the ancestors of the Jewish tribes. The history of an entire nation is presented as a legend about one big family. Abraham, his son Isaac and grandson Jacob were considered the ancestor of the Jews. Jacob's second name - Israel - gave the name to the entire Israelite people - Israelites.
Jacob had several sons, but most of all he loved Joseph. The brothers envied Joseph and sold the young man to a merchant who was going with a caravan to Egypt, and they told their father that wild beasts had torn to pieces.
In Egypt, Joseph became a slave to a nobleman. He became famous for the fact that he was able to explain the mysterious dreams of the pharaoh and predict the onset of great crop failures and famine. He advised Pharaoh to store grain and thus deliver the land of Egypt from calamities. After that, Joseph became an influential nobleman (Fig. 2).
Figure: 2. Joseph in the service of the pharaoh ()
Meanwhile, famine raged in neighboring countries. The brothers of Joseph heard that the Egyptian Pharaoh was giving grain to the hungry, and they came to ask him for help. They did not recognize their brother in Egyptian clothing. And Joseph decided to arrange a test for them and announced that he wanted to make the youngest of the brothers his slave. The brothers stood up amicably for the boy. Joseph saw this and forgave them the offense.
The children of Jacob settled in Egypt. Their descendants lived there for many, many years. The Egyptians began to oppress the descendants of Jacob, the Pharaoh forced them to work hard. I completely decided to destroy them, ordering all newborn boys to be given to the executioners. But one boy was saved. Mother put it in a basket and left it in the reeds. Pharaoh's daughter found the boy and raised him. The boy was named Moses.
Once he was walking in the desert, and suddenly a bush caught fire in front of him. And a voice rang out from their flame: “I am your God Yahweh. I command you to lead my people out of Egypt. " Moses begged Pharaoh to let the Israelites go, but he remained implacable.
Then the Israelites, led by Moses, decided to flee. They went out to the sea. They were already thinking about death, for the army of Pharaoh was overtaking them, but God parted the waters of the sea, and the Israelites passed along the bottom of the sea. When the Egyptian chariots rushed after them, the waters closed again, swallowing up the entire army of Pharaoh. For forty years the Israelites wandered with their flocks in the deserted Sinai Peninsula. Finally, they came to the high Mount Sinai. Moses climbed on it, and ordered everyone else to stay below (Fig. 3).
Figure: 3. Moses on Mount Sinai ()
God descended on the mountain in the form of fire and gave Moses stone boards - tablets, where the ten commandments were written. The most important commandments are: worship God alone. Do not make yourself an idol. Do not use the name of God in vain. Observe the day off. Honor your father and your mother and you will live a long time in the world. Dont kill. Don't be lecherous. Don't steal. Do not bear witness. Do not wish to have someone else's. Divine punishment overtook those who violated the commandments.
The Jews entered into a covenant with Yahweh, that is, an agreement. For fulfilling the commandments, God will grant them a blessed land - Palestine.
Bibliography
- Vigasin A. A., Goder G. I., Sventsitskaya I. S. History of the Ancient World. Grade 5. - M .: Education, 2006.
- Nemirovsky A. I. Book for reading on the history of the Ancient World. - M .: Education, 1991.
Additional precommended links to Internet resources
- Bible online ().
- Orthodox faith ().
Homework
- What is the first part of the Bible called?
- What is the main difference between the religion of the ancient Jews and the religions of other peoples?
- What commandments did Moses receive from God on Mount Sinai?
Lesson summary
Name of the teacher:Kochkina Tatiana Yurievna
Place of work:tutaev MOU Secondary School No. 2 named after V.A. Novikov
Position:history and social studies teacher
Subject: history
Class: 5
UMK: History of the ancient world: textbook for the 5th grade of educational institutions / A.A. Vigasin, G.I. Goder, I. S. Svenitskaya. - M .: Education, 2012.
Equipment:History of the ancient world: textbook for the 5th grade of educational institutions / A.A. Vigasin, G.I. Goder, I. S. Svenitskaya. - M .: Enlightenment, 2012., Map "Ancient East", multimedia projector, Bible, K Chukovsky "The Tower of Babel and other biblical legends", M., "New time", 1990.
presentation for the lesson.
Lesson topic:Biblical legends
Lesson type: combined.
Lesson objectives:Educational:
– deepen and expand students' understanding of the Bible as a historical source;
– find out the reasons for the emergence of monotheism;
– to acquaint children with biblical legends;
– to consolidate knowledge on the topic: "Phoenician sailors".
Developing:
– develop the ability to conduct a comparative analysis of the development and achievements of the peoples of Western Asia and Egypt;
– develop the ability to clearly formulate your thoughts in oral and written form, to activate thinking activity;
– improve the skills of working with a historical map, source, chronology;
Educational:
– foster a culture of speech and behavior.
Planned results:
Subject:
Personal: fostering a sense of self and mutual respect; development of cooperation when working in pairs; fostering interest in history, cultural and historical values, the formation of interethnic tolerance.
Metasubject : development of oral and written speech; the formation of skills to work in a group, compare, generalize facts and concepts; development of students' independence, attentiveness, expansion of vocabulary, the ability to set educational goals and objectives, develop skills of educational cooperation with peers and the teacher.
Subject: development of skills to work with a textbook, the formation of the ability to determine the place of historical events in time, to explain the meaning of basic chronological concepts, terms (millennium, century, BC. e., AD);
use a historical map as a source of information about the settlement of human communities of the Ancient World, the location of ancient civilizations and states, places of major events; search for information in fragments of historical texts, material monuments of the Ancient World; describe the conditions of existence, basic occupations, the way of life of people in antiquity, monuments of ancient culture; tell about the events of ancient history;
Teaching methods: explanatory-illustrative, problematic, heuristic
Forms of organizing the cognitive activity of students: collective, individual, work in pairs.
Means of education: projector, presentation, textbook, workbooks, ordinary notebooks.
The main concepts studied in the lesson: nomads, Jews, monotheism, Judaism, Bible, Old Testament, New Testament, commandments, testament, tablets.
Lesson provision:
multimedia complex:
elite Panaboard TU - 880 interactive whiteboard with multi-touch function,
projector,
computer with EasiTeach Next Generation installed
Note: All stages of the lesson are written in the table, regardless of whether digital equipment is used or not.
During the classes
Lesson stage, duration (min.)
+ screenshot
Teacher
Pupil
IO tools and functions
Stage 1 Organizing time
(3 min.)
Checks readiness for the lesson. The teacher shows the Bible to the children and asks questions: Do you know what kind of book it is? How many of you held it in your hands or read it?
Today in the lesson we will get acquainted with this wonderful book.
Greet the teachers.
Answers the questions posed.
Step 2 Checking homework (8 min.)
Gives an assignment to students: show Phenicia on the map;
Complete task number 59 on page 45 in workbooks.
Evaluates student performance.
They carry out the assigned task, carry out self-assessment in pairs.
3. Stage Motivation.
Creating a problem situation (5 min.)
Determination of the problematic question with the students on the topic of the lesson. What will we study with you in the lesson? The teacher summarizes and proposes a problem statement:
What is the significance of the Bible in acquiring knowledge of history, and what is its role today in human life, what does it teach us?
Trying to formulate the topic and objectives of the lesson with the teacher
4. Stage Learning new material (10 min.)
Through a leading dialogue, encourages students to independently read new material in the text of the textbook (point 1, paragraph number 16), search for the meaning of new concepts; asks questions about the drawing on page 78 of the textbook.
They read the textbook on their own, use these presentations, answer the teacher's questions, formulate new concepts on their own, check their formulations, write down the topic of the lesson and the meaning of new terms in a notebook.
Look at the drawings in the textbook on pages 78 - 79.
1 . The page provides information about the topic of the lesson
2. The page provides information about the geographical location of the Hebrew tribes
3. The page provides information about the history of the Jewish tribes
4.Page presents information about the Bible
5. The page presents information about the Old Testament
5. Stage Dynamic pause (2 min.)
Physical education minute
Perform movements under the guidance of a teacher
6.Page Insert Video
6. Stage Research stage (12 min.)
Organizes work on preliminary study assignments based on the book of K. Chukovsky "The Tower of Babel and Other Biblical Legends":
The Legend of the Creation of the World, The Legend of Adam and Eve, The Legend of the Great Flood.
They independently complete the tasks proposed on the slides, make notes in notebooks, carry out self-examination on tasks.
7.Page presents information on the creation myth
8. The page "Clicking" on the hidden texts - and questions open to the myth of the Creation of the world
9-11. Pages present information "The Myth of the First People"
12.Page
The page "Clicking" on the hidden texts - and questions are opened to the myth of the first people
13.Page Represents the task. One student works at the blackboard. The responses are at the bottom of the page and have been "locked with cloning" applied. Answers are dragged and dropped to empty spaces.
14-16. Pages present information "The Myth of the Flood"
7. Stage Independent work in pairs
The teacher offers the students work in pairs. Based on the data of the textbook and the presentation, draw up a diagram of the "Tree of the Hebrews' ancestors." After drawing up the scheme, a brainstorming quiz is held:
1. Who was the senior ancestor of the Jews?
2 Who was Jacob to Abraham?
3 Whose son was Joseph?
4 What did the brothers do with Joseph?
5 Where did Jacob's children live?
6. How did Moses manage to save his people?
They independently complete the task in notebooks. Provide mutual assistance and check assignments with another couple, exchanging notebooks.
Students read the commandments in the textbook on page 81 and express their opinions.
They write down the concepts of "covenant", "tablets".
17-24 Pages present information "About the ancestors of the Jews"
8. Stage Reflexive stage. Lesson summary (3 min.)
Summarizes the lesson, asks questions:
What did you learn in the lesson?
Which task was the hardest, which was the easiest? Why? What else would you like to know about the lesson? Grades lesson grades based on student self-assessment.
Answer the teacher's questions, draw conclusions about the results achieved and their compliance with the set goals
9.Step Homework briefing (2 min.)
Announces homework: paragraph 16, answer questions1,4; solve the crossword puzzle in the workbook (task 68 on page 51), if you wish, read the biblical legends "Cain and Abel" and "The Tower of Babel" based on the book of K. Chukovsky "The Tower of Babel and Other Biblical Legends".
Write homework in a diary, ask homework questions.
The Holy Book of the two world religions - Christianity and Judaism - is the Bible. It has been compiled by various people, prophets, priests, and even rulers over the centuries, maybe millennia. If we open and scroll through its pages, we will find there a lot of texts that have completely different topics and meanings. These include prophecies, teachings, historical summaries, and biblical myths. It is the latter that people read, as practice shows, most willingly. They are easy to understand, easily composed and have a vivid plot. Well, let us touch these myths and try to comprehend their sacred meaning.
It is known that the Bible is Holy Scripture, which is conventionally divided into two parts: the Old and New Testaments. The first tells about how God created our earth, how he led the sacred people - the ancient Jews to prosperity and well-being. The pages of this part of the book contain the oldest biblical myths in the world, which were mainly composed by Semitic peoples. As for the New Testament, the Jews categorically rejected it. For them, the only Word of God is still only the Old Testament, which they call the Tanakh. And the New Testament already tells us about how Jesus Christ lived, that is, the Messiah, what works he left behind and what he managed to teach his neighbors. It was on the basis of all these events that, so to speak, more modern biblical myths were compiled. A brief summary of each of them will be described below, which will make it possible to understand what exactly this book can teach.
Brief description of sacred legends
The conditional separation of the Holy Letter into two parts is accompanied not only by the division of faith into Christianity and Judaism. Reading this book, you can clearly note the differences in style when moving from the first part to the second. We can say with full confidence that the biblical myths and legends that are located on the pages of the Tanakh are the most instructive and life stories. In addition, in this part of the Scripture, many such legends have been collected. But the most important thing is that, alas, not every person is capable of comprehending their truth. The New Testament contains biblical myths that are much easier to understand. They tell about the holidays already familiar to us, about friendship, mutual help, about peace and relations between people. These stories will be extremely useful for children of any age.
When there was nothing yet
As you may have guessed, the first biblical myth is about the creation of the world. Its meaning is known to everyone, even a baby, therefore, in order to put everything in order, we will simply list the days that became decisive for further life on Earth:
Adam and Eve. Forbidden apple
The biblical myth of the creation of the world continues with the description of the life of the first people on the planet - Adam and Eve. Having created them, the Lord gave them everything one could dream of. They lived in the Garden of Eden, needed nothing and knew how to talk with animals. It was possible to consume the fruits of all trees, except for one - the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, or the Tree of Life. Once the insidious Serpent persuaded Eve to eat the fruit from the forbidden branch. She broke the ban and persuaded Adam to do so. Because of disobedience, God expelled people from paradise and cursed the Serpent. In addition, he condemned the woman to childbirth in agony, and the man to constant difficulties in obtaining food. The snake was doomed to constant crawling on its stomach.
Cain's seal
The first children of Adam and Eve were two sons - Cain and Abel. The first was a farmer, and the second was a cattle breeder. Once they decided to sacrifice their gifts to God. Cain burned the fruits of his plants on the altar. And Abel sacrificed a lamb. The Lord did not even pay attention to the actions of the first brother, but the tribute in the form of an animal interested him. Out of envy, Cain killed his brother, which God soon learned about. For this, the elder brother was sentenced to the fact that he would be killed by the first comer. In addition, the Creator put a seal on it. What exactly she was - no one knows.
Another God's punishment
One of the most interesting and exciting is the biblical flood myth. After humanity has spent a certain number of centuries on the planet, it has managed to fall into all grave sins. People stole, cheated, killed. For this, God decided to open all heavenly and earthly windows and release water from them in order to wipe off everything that is alive on the land. Only Noah and his family, who did not commit sins, the Almighty ordered to build an ark. On board this man, in addition to his sons and wife, also took "a pair of each creature." They were animals, insects, birds, reptiles. After everyone climbed into the ark, God closed its door tightly and opened all heavenly windows. The water completely covered the earth, and even the highest mountains remained under its thickness. From time to time, Noah released the dove outside to find at least one piece of land, but the bird always returned to the ark. Once the pigeon flew away and did not return, which made it possible for people to understand that the land began to show through. The whole family of Noah got to her, after which his sons left a great posterity: the son of Japheth became the ancestor of the northern peoples, Ham - African, and Shem - Semitic.
"You won't hear each other again ..."
The biblical myth of the Tower of Babel can also be considered a very important historical source. It all starts with the fact that after the descendants of Noah settled on land, they all spoke the same language. Gradually, people descended from the mountains to the plains, formed settlements. One of the most fertile lands at that time was a sandy valley that stretched between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, known to us as Mesopotamia. As biblical myths and legends say, it was on these lands that the first people on Earth settled (by the way, historians also tend to this). They built houses, cities, city-states and adjacent villages were formed. But one day people wanted to reach the heavens (recall that in the Bible the sky is defined as something solid), and they decided to build an incredible tower. All the workers of the region gathered at the construction site, and they managed to erect a very tall building, which had a stepped structure. God saw all this and, suspecting people of yet another stupidity, divided them. Everyone began to speak their own separate language, and the builders could no longer work together. The city in which they lived was named Babylon, which means "confusion".
Teaching Children the Word of God
If you want to open the world of sacred knowledge to your child, it is recommended to start reading to him the biblical myths that are contained in the New Testament. They are easier to perceive, and also do not have such a global and large-scale semantic load as the old Semitic ones. The legends that are on the pages of the New Testament teach us humanity, friendship, love, call to understand our neighbor and help him. Therefore, below will be briefly described biblical myths for children, which can be read to them just like fairy tales. Gradually, the child will absorb the necessary information, and in the future it will become important for his worldview.
Jesus' Temptations in the Wilderness
After the rite of baptism, the Messiah was thrown by the Holy Spirit into the wilderness so that he could overcome the devil's temptations. After staying there for forty days, Jesus felt hungry. Then the Devil appeared and said to him: "If you are the Son of God, turn stones into bread." To which the answer followed: "Man will not be fed with all kinds of bread, but with God's Word." After that, Satan lifted Jesus to the roof of the temple and said: "If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down and the angels will catch you." The Messiah answered: "Do not tempt God." In the end, Satan raised him above all the cities, gardens and fields and said that if only Jesus worshiped him, he would receive all this in his possession. In response, he heard that for man there is only one God, and only he will worship him.
Madman's Wealth
One of the most important sermons of Jesus was this: "Do not seek material wealth in this world, for your life does not depend on it." A parable followed this statement. Its essence was that one rich man had a good harvest in the field. But he had nowhere to gather his fruits. He built more and more houses to store his wealth, and did not think about anything else. Once the Lord appeared to him and said: “After you die, where will you go with all your belongings? Who will they belong to now? " From this it follows that one must enrich oneself not at all with money and gifts, but with God's word. And everything else will follow by itself.
Conclusion
We have presented you only the most famous and comprehensible biblical myths. The summary of each of them is an opportunity to quickly understand God's plan, discover something new and truly wise. Unfortunately, they do not reveal the full meaning of the Holy Scriptures. Reading the Bible itself is much more productive, but it takes time.
Our religion is based on a collection of sacred texts called the Bible. The legends placed in it tell about numerous events from the creation of the world. Let's consider the most famous of them in our article.
The structure of the Bible
Scripture has been written by many authors over time. The name is not original and is not used in the texts themselves. The content of the Bible is different for different denominations due to the difference in translations and the list of additional texts. The first complete Christian version is considered to be a 4th century AD Greek manuscript. e.
It is customary to divide the Bible into two significant parts, each of which is represented by a different number of special canonical (recognized by the church) and additional books:
- Old Testament: original language - Hebrew and Aramaic (part of the texts); describes the period from the creation of the universe and man to the destruction of Jerusalem; the main part of the texts tells about the Jewish people;
- New Testament: the original language is ancient Greek; describes the life, educational activities, death, resurrection, ascension of Jesus Christ; contains a chronological description of the life of the apostles (disciples of Christ); one book-prophecy about the coming of the Apocalypse stands out.
Figure: 1. Old Testament.
Judaism, in contrast to Christianity, recognizes as sacred only the first part of the Bible - the Old Testament (Tanach).
Basic legends
The texts of the New Testament are understandable enough, similar to historical chronicles, their instructive meaning is more accessible. But the events of the Old Testament should really be considered biblical legends: sacred myths that serve as a lesson to all mankind.
There are quite a lot of legends, so consider the most famous ones:
- World creation: The Lord created the Universe and all living things in six days, and on the seventh he rested after work. The first man, Adam, was created on the sixth day;
- Expulsion from Paradise: The first woman, Eve, tempted by the Serpent, ate herself and persuaded Adam to try the forbidden fruit of knowledge, for which the Lord expelled the first people from Paradise;
- Cain and Abel: sons of the first people; Cain envied Abel and killed him, for which he was cursed by God and doomed to loneliness;
- Global flood: for long sins, mankind was destroyed by a flood. God saved the life of only the righteous Noah, who with the help of the built ark saved his family and all the representatives of the animal world (a pair of each creature);
- Tower of Babel: people became proud and decided to reach Heaven by building a tower. God divided humanity into groups speaking different languages \u200b\u200bso that they would stop understanding each other and would not be able to accomplish their plans;
- Moses: as an infant, I was saved by God's will. The mother was able to hide the child (left in a basket in the reeds) from the Pharaoh's servants who were killing all the newborn Israeli boys;
- Crossing the Red Sea: the Israelites left Egypt under the leadership of Moses. There was the sea in their path. Without losing faith, Moses turned to God and the waters parted, allowing people to pass to the other side.
