Streletsky settlements once stretched along the Zemlyanoy Val, where the city security guards were quartered. In the 17th century, the Sukharev regiment was located near the Sretensky Gate, named after its colonel Lavrenty Sukharev. It was on that place that the tower was built, which was named Sukharevskaya. The tower was over 60 meters high.
Yakov Vilimovich Bruce, a Moscow sorcerer, a figure no less mysterious and enigmatic than the French soothsayer Michel Nostradamus. A Scotsman in the service of the Russian tsars, he predicted fate from the stars, put the hopelessly sick on their feet and, they say, created an elixir of eternal youth. He was an engineer, mathematician, astronomer, medicine man, surveyor, military man, politician, diplomat. And even a sorcerer - his contemporaries were sure. Including Tsar Peter.
At the age of 16, Bruce enrolled in the amusing troops, which were then created by Peter the Great. The young sovereign, eagerly eager for knowledge, immediately singled out an enlightened Scotsman among the rest. Who, moreover, was not inferior to "Herr Peter" in drunkenness and revelry. Peter loved the Scotsman and forgave him taunts against himself and the Orthodox Church.
Bruce accompanies Peter on his tour of Europe. In 1698, Peter, having received news of the rebellion of the archers in Moscow, hurries home. Together with him, Bruce returns to Russia. In fact, Freemasonry was brought to Russia, after these expeditions of Peter I to England, in which he was accompanied by Bruce. It is believed that the founders of Freemasonry in Russia are Peter I and his associates - Patrick Gordon, Franz Lefort and, as we already know, Jacob Bruce.
Immediately after the arrival of the Great Embassy in Russia in 1697-1698, Bruce proposed to the inspired tsar after visiting Europe to design and build the first secular educational institution in Moscow - a school of mathematical and navigational sciences. Among other things, this building was supposed to serve as the headquarters of the first Masonic lodge in Russia, established by Peter shortly after his return from England, the so-called "Neptune Society". This building, known as the Sukharev Tower, was located in Moscow at the intersection of the Garden Ring, Sretenka and 1st Meshchanskaya Street (now Prospect Mira).
In the Sukharev Tower, the "Neptune Society", a secret royal council and the first Russian Masonic lodge, whose members were fond of magic, sorcery and astrology, and in which, in addition to Peter I, were included his entourage, the top officials of the state, gathered at night. Among them were Menshikov, Sheremetyev, Golitsyn, Lefort, Apraksin and, of course, Bruce. It was whispered among the people that the tsar, having surrounded himself with foreigners, was now doing “godly” and “wicked” deeds with them in the tower, communicating with Satan and practicing witchcraft.
In 1701, Peter I opened the Navigation School in the Sukharev Tower, and Bruce, who was the tsar's closest associate, opened the first scientific center in Russia at this school. In the tower, regular astronomical observations were carried out, various physical and chemical experiments were staged, maps were drawn, foreign ones were translated and their textbooks and manuals were written. But, the people said that Bruce does terrible things in the tower, and bypassed it.
Bruce has set up an observatory on the top floor. The observatory window, which was lit every night, quickly assured the Muscovites that the matter was unclean here. The candle trader Alexei Morozov, for example, claimed that somehow at dusk he himself saw iron birds flying out of the astronomer's windows. And soon an alarming rumor spread through the city - a Lutheran from the Sukharev Tower communicates with evil spirits and, with its help, turns living people, whose groans and spread throughout the surroundings, into flying iron dragons.
There is some truth in this story, - says Doctor of Historical Sciences Zinaida Tatarskaya. - In the Sukharev Tower, Jacob Bruce worked on the creation of lethal machines. The surviving drawings do indeed resemble those of modern aircraft. These papers are now in the Russian Academy of Sciences. Unfortunately, some of the valuable documents disappeared without a trace in the thirties. According to one version, they were stolen by German spies and then, according to Bruce's drawings, the Nazis made their invincible Messerschmitt fighters.
According to legend, the "Solomon's seal" was kept in the Sukharev tower on a ring with the words SATOR, AREPO TENET OPERA ROTAS. "You can do different things with this ring: you will turn to yourself with a seal, you will be invisible, you will destroy all charms from yourself, you will receive power over Satan ..."
But the greatest secret of the warlock from Sukharevka, perhaps, remains his witchcraft "Black Book". Many legends circulated around this mysterious object. The people said that this book was written by Satan himself, and they called it nothing other than the "Bible of the devil", if someone other than the warlock to whom it belongs opens it, it will be cursed forever. This book gives the Warlock tremendous power and secret knowledge. It was also rumored that this book went to Bruce together with the famous and legendary library of Ivan the Terrible, which he reliably hid from prying eyes in the dungeons of the Sukharev Tower.
Another legend about the magical "Black Book" tells that it was written with magical signs, that it belonged to the once-wise King Solomon and that the fate of all people on earth is recorded in it. The book of Solomon was spellbound, except for Bruce no one could pick it up, it just disappeared. It was kept in the secret room of the tower, the entrance to which only Bruce knew. Peter I wanted to get acquainted with this book, but even in the presence of Bruce himself, it did not fall into the hands of the tsar. Before his death, Bruce immured the "Black Book" somewhere in the Sukharev Tower, in a secret room on which he imposed a special spell, a "magic castle", so that the book and secret knowledge contained there would not fall into the hands of strangers.
After Bruce's death, many allegedly tried to find the legendary book, and Catherine II even forced to dismantle the walls in parts of the tower rooms. But the book was never found then. Bruce scared Muscovites even after his death. His body had already been buried in the crypt at the Lutheran Church of St. Michael in the German Quarter, but every night the lights in the observatory were still on. Muscovites said that it was the spirit of a sorcerer who guarded his magic book.
The next large-scale attempt to find the book, according to rumors, was made by Stalin himself. This event took place in 1934, when, by decision of the Soviet government, it was decided to demolish the tower, as it allegedly interfered with the traffic. Despite protests from many architects, demolition began immediately and with unusual haste. The obvious far-fetched reasons for the demolition of this rare monument, the architecture of the Peter the Great era, and the way the demolition itself took place, caused a lot of gossip. The Sukharev tower was not blown up, as was the case in those days with many other structures and temples that were demolished, but dismantled, literally brick by brick.
Lazar Kaganovich personally supervised the dismantling of the tower, and all cars leaving the facility and all people leaving were searched by the NKVD officers. The conclusion suggested itself - they were obviously looking for something, something very important. And they found it. But alas, among the various manuscripts, books, manuscripts, esoteric works that belonged to Bruce, as well as devices and mechanisms, alchemical utensils and drawings, there was no most important, the "Black Book".
The enraged tyrant gave the order to blow up the remains of the tower. Lazar Kaganovich, who was present at the destruction of the architectural monument, later told Stalin that he saw in the crowd a tall, thin man in a wig, who threatened him with a finger, and then evaporated. But the leader of all nations nevertheless found some of Bruce's scientific works and used them in the construction of modern Moscow.
You can determine the place where the Sukharev Tower stood from the photos below. The three-storey house on the right has hardly changed.
Here is a close-up of this house. It is easy to recognize him by the Stalinist symbolism.
And below we see the location of the Sukharev Tower in relation to the Sklifosovsky Hospital (Sheremetyevskaya Hospital). The Sukharevsky market, praised by Gilyarovsky, is seething right in front of us.
And this is how the hospital and the market looked from the top of the Sukharev Tower. In front of us is the Garden Ring, Sretenka on the right, Mira Avenue on the left (they are not visible).
The Sklifosovsky hospital has hardly changed since then.
Address: Sukharevskaya square
The Sukharev Tower, also called the Sukharev Tower, was built in Moscow in 1692-1695 on the site of the old wooden Sretensky Gates of the Zemlyanoy City. To be more precise, then they decided to rebuild the Sretensky Gate from stone, and strengthened them with a battle tower. The gate was located at the intersection of the present Garden Ring with Sretenka Street.
The Sukharev Tower has become a unique structure, the only one of its kind in all of Russia. The tower, along with the Kremlin and its cathedrals, with the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed and Christ the Savior, was a symbol of Moscow until 1934.
Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov in 1834, a hundred years before the Sukharev tower was destroyed, wrote about it in the "Panorama of Moscow": "... On a steep mountain strewn with low houses, among which only a wide white wall of some boyar at home, a quadrangular, gray-gray, fantastic bulk - the Sukharev Tower rises. She proudly looks at the surroundings, as if she knows that the name of Peter is inscribed on her mossy brow! Her gloomy physiognomy, her gigantic dimensions, her decisive forms, everything keeps the imprint of another century, the imprint that formidable power that nothing could resist. "
Indeed, the Sukharev Tower was gigantic for Moscow at that time, it seemed to hang over the nearby quarters, being one of the architectural dominants of the city. Since the tower was built on the site of the Sretensky Gate, it retained their main function - the Northern Gate of Moscow, from where the road to Yaroslavl began. Ahead of the events, we can say that during the years of the October Revolution, the Sukharev Tower became one of the strongholds of the revolutionaries, from here the Red Guards fired at the cadets in the square from two machine guns.
The Sukharev tower was so unusual that it immediately overgrown with many legends and traditions. It was believed that the design of the tower was developed by the Emperor Peter I. In fact, the author of the tower was Mikhail Choglokov. Perhaps he erected the tower, guided by some instructions from Peter or according to his sketches. Mikhail Ivanovich Choglokov was not only a talented architect, but also a painter. It is known that he painted battle banners, was the author of frescoes in the royal chambers.
The architectural style of the Sukharev Tower was a symbiosis of Lombard and Gothic. The strength of the tower was colossal, and an unusually deep foundation served as the main guarantee of this strength. Several centuries after the construction of the Sukharev Tower, when water pipes were laid at the location of the foundation, the builders could not reach the base of the foundation. The total height of the Sukharev Tower was 60 meters, and the people called it the bride of the Ivan the Great Bell Tower. The tower housed the icon of the Kazan Mother of God, the savior of Moscow in the war of 1612.
According to researchers, the Sukharev Tower was not just built on the model of Western European town halls, but, rather, was arranged as an allegorical ship with a mast. The eastern part of the tower symbolized the bow of the ship, and the western one - the stern. Therefore, knowing about Peter I's predilection for everything related to the fleet, we can assume that he really participated in the development of the tower project. In the likeness of the Kremlin's Spasskaya Tower, the Sukharev Tower was decorated with a clock and was crowned with a two-headed eagle. The image of the eagle was unconventional, its strong legs were surrounded by arrows, perhaps they symbolized lightning.
The Sukharev Tower became the first civil construction of this scale in Russia. Before her appearance, only church bell towers were built so high. One of the legends of the tower says that a day before the entry of Napoleon's troops into Moscow, a hawk was flying over the Sukharev Tower with its paws entangled in a rope. Clinging to the wings of an eagle, the hawk fought for a long time, trying to break free, but lost his strength and died. Muscovites interpreted this event as a good omen, deciding that Bonaparte, like a hawk, would die from the wings of a Russian eagle.
But all this will happen much later. And at first the tower served as a regimental hut, in which the archers of Colonel Sukharev were located, guarding the Sretensky Gate. Actually, the name of the tower originated from the name of Sukharev. It is known that the regiment of Lavrenty Sukharev was the only one of nine rifle regiments that remained loyal to the young sovereign, and came to his defense in August 1698, during the confrontation between Peter I and his half-sister Sophia.
After Peter suppressed the Streletsky revolt, Sukharev's regiment was disbanded along with other regiments. From 1700 to 1715, the famous mathematical and navigation school worked in the tower. The school became the first higher specialized educational institution in Russia and the first naval school, the progenitor of the St. Petersburg Maritime Academy.
The military leader, astronomer, chemist, engineer and diplomat Jacob Bruce headed the navigation school. On one of the last floors of the Sukharev Tower, he organized an astronomical observatory. Count Jacob Bruce led a rather secluded lifestyle, which is why his personality was shrouded in mystery during his lifetime, he was even considered a sorcerer-warlock. Most of the legends of the Sukharev Tower are associated with the name of Bruce. The most famous of them is about the “black book” hidden at the base of the building, consisting of seven wooden tablets with incomprehensible letters. It was rumored that anyone lucky enough to find this book would acquire unlimited power over the world. Fearing that the book would fall into the wrong hands after his death, Bruce seemed to walled it up somewhere in a tower.
Then for a long time the Sukharev Tower was under the jurisdiction of the Moscow office of the Admiralty Board. The warehouses of the Baltic Fleet and the Arkhangelsk port were located here. In 1829, a reservoir of the Mytishchi water pipeline was built from cast-iron slabs in the Sukharev tower, which could hold 7,000 buckets of water. So the tower became a water tower. In 1854, the volume of the reservoir was increased. From the middle of the 19th century to the 1920s, the Sukharevskaya flea market, well-known throughout Moscow, opened trade at the foot of the tower on weekends. In the 1870s, the tower was restored; the work was supervised by the architect A.L. Aubert. Since 1925, the Moscow Communal Museum was located in the Sukharev Tower, which was the predecessor of the Museum of the History of Moscow.
In 1931, it was decided to develop a plan for the general reconstruction of Moscow, the implementation of which was to change the appearance of the Soviet capital, and its very essence. A completely new city was supposed to appear on the map - the center of the world proletarian revolution. In accordance with this plan, the systematic destruction of unique monuments of history and architecture began. In addition, an anti-religious campaign was gaining momentum, during which there were also many outstanding monuments of Orthodox culture.
All efforts of the new government were aimed at expanding the central part of the city. It was planned to create new transport routes, build high-rise buildings, and to implement these projects it was necessary to vacate built-up areas. The Sukharev Tower, in the opinion of the country's leadership, interfered with the development of the movement on Sukharevskaya Square, and had to disappear from the face of Moscow. Ordinary Muscovites could not support the old tower, but prominent cultural figures attempted to save the Sukharev Tower. In August 1933, the famous artist and art critic I.E. Grabar, academician of architecture I.A.Fomin and academician of architecture I.V. Zholtovsky wrote a collective letter to J.V. Stalin, in which they tried to explain the erroneousness of the decision. They said that their opinion is not alone, but is shared by the entire scientific and cultural community, regardless of beliefs and tastes.
"The Sukharev Tower is an unfading example of the great construction art, known to the whole world and equally highly valued everywhere. Despite all the latest technological advances, it has not yet lost its enormous indicative and educational value for construction personnel." "We ... strongly object to the destruction of a highly talented work of art, tantamount to the destruction of Raphael's painting. In this case, it is not about breaking an odious monument of the era of feudalism, but about the death of the great master's creative thought" - this is an excerpt from a letter to Stalin.
But the letter contained more than a request. Its authors proposed to develop a project for the reconstruction of Sretenskaya Square within a month, which would allow solving the transport problem while preserving the Sukharev Tower. In particular, it was proposed to cut through six arches in the lower part of the tower, through which to lay tram tracks, and direct traffic and pedestrian flow. Together with the letter, an approximate timetable for the movement of vehicles on this site was also sent. At the same time, the same letter was sent to the first secretary of the Moscow Committee of the CPSU (b) L.M. Kaganovich.
A few days later, on September 4, at a meeting of Moscow communist architects, Kaganovich said that the dispute over the tower was the clearest example of bitter class struggle in architecture. “I don’t enter into the essence of these arguments, perhaps we will leave the Sukharev Tower, but it’s characteristic that not a single littered church is not dealt with, so that a protest on this matter is not written ... But do the communists create an atmosphere of sharp opposition and public condemnation to such reactionary elements of architecture? " Be that as it may, Kaganovich agreed with the proposal of the architects, saying that if the reconstruction project is successful, the Sukharev Tower will remain on Sretenskaya Square.
But it so happened that Stalin himself was responsible for the demolition of the tower, and then nothing could be done about it. On September 18, 1933, Kaganovich received a telegram from Sochi from Stalin and Voroshilov, which literally said the following: “We studied the issue of the Sukharev Tower and came to the conclusion that it must be demolished. We propose to demolish the Sukharev Tower and expand the movement. demolition, - are blind and hopeless. "In a response letter to Stalin, Kaganovich asked to postpone the demolition of the tower, as he gave the architects a promise to consider their projects." I did not promise that we are already abandoning the demolition ... If you think that wait, then, of course, I will organize the case faster, that is, now, without waiting for their project. "
Despite all the efforts of the defenders of the tower, on March 16, 1934, the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) approved the proposal of the Moscow Party Committee to demolish the Sukharev Tower and Kitaygorodskaya Wall. The fate of the ancient Moscow monuments was decided. In response to this decision, on April 17, 1934, Honored Art Worker K.F. Yuon, Academician A.V.Shchusev, A.M. Efros addressed a collective letter to Stalin, who were joined by the authors of the first letter I. Grabar, I. Zholtovsky, I. Fomin and others. The letter said: "Suddenly (after the question was, it seemed, was settled), they began to destroy the Sukharev tower. The spire has already been removed; the balustrades of the outer stairs are already knocking down. The significance of this monument, a rare example of Peter's architecture, a magnificent landmark of historical Moscow, is undeniable and enormous They are demolishing it for the sake of streamlining traffic ... We urgently ask you to urgently intervene in this matter, suspend the destruction of the Tower and propose to convene a meeting of architects, artists and art historians right now to consider other options for redeveloping this section of Moscow that will meet the needs of the growing traffic, but also will save a wonderful architectural monument ".
Stalin's answer came on April 22, 1934, and it was extremely unambiguous. "I received a letter with a proposal not to destroy the Sukharev Tower. The decision to destroy the tower was taken at the time by the Government. Personally, I think this decision is correct, believing that Soviet people will be able to create more magnificent and memorable examples of architectural creativity than the Sukharev Tower, it is a pity that, despite all my respect for you, I am not able to render you a favor in this case. Respectful Stalin. "
The destruction of the Sukharev tower proceeded quickly and methodically. There is another legend about its destruction. It was said that Stalin, like many tyrants, had a penchant for mysticism, and wanted to find Bruce's book. That is why it was ordered to dismantle the tower brick by brick, and then, when nothing was found, in anger, he ordered to blow up the remains of the building. In fact, this story is unlikely to be true, in those years, architectural monuments were often dismantled, and then streets were paved with old bricks, or they were allowed to build new houses.
The chronology of barbarism remained in the newspapers of that time. You can trace them. How one of the symbols of Moscow, the Sukharev Tower, gradually disappeared:
April 19, 1934 - the top 6 meters of the Sukharev tower have already been dismantled. The dismantling of the main granite staircase was also completed.
April 29, 1934 - yesterday the analysis of the prism (upper part) of the Sukharev Tower was completed. The demolition of the main building began.
May 24, 1934 - the dismantling of the Sukharev tower ends. The work plan was fulfilled by more than 80%.
The famous journalist and Moscow scholar Vladimir Alekseevich Gilyarovsky was an eyewitness to the events, who wrote in a letter to his daughter: “It is being broken. First of all, they took off her watch and use it for some other tower, and then broke off the porch, knocked down the spire, floors and not today or tomorrow will break her slender pink figure. Still pink as it was! Yesterday was a sunny evening, a bright sunset from the side of the Triumphal Gate gilded Sadovaya from below and crumbled into the dying remains like a glow. " He supplemented these words with his poems:
"Something terrible! Crimson, red,
Sun illuminated by a sunset ray
Turned into a pile of living ruins,
I still see her yesterday -
A proud beauty, a pink tower ... "
So, on June 12, 1934 - on the night of June 11, work on the demolition of the Sukharev Tower was completed. It was believed that this was done for the benefit of the city and Muscovites. After the tower was destroyed, Sukharevskaya Square was renamed Kolkhoznaya Square at the suggestion of Kaganovich.
During the dismantling of the Sukharev Tower, the casing of one of the double windows on the third floor was preserved. He was transported to the Donskoy Monastery, where a branch of the State Museum of Architecture worked at that time. There he was walled into the arcade of the monastery wall. This platband has survived to this day, but access to it is limited, since this section of the wall is located in an area closed to visitors. The clock of the Sukharev Tower has also survived; it is installed on the Front Gate of the Kolomenskoye Estate Museum.
The unusually strong foundations of the Sukharev Tower were not destroyed during the demolition; they are hidden under the Sukharevskaya Square. In 1982, the Moscow executive committee announced a competition for the best project to restore the Sukharev Tower, but as a result, not a single proposal was accepted. In 2006, when underground passages were laid under Sukharevskaya Square, partial excavations and studies of the foundations were carried out, as the commemorative plaque says.
The Sukharev Tower is often mentioned in literary works and on the canvases of painters. It can be seen on the canvas by A. Savrasov, painted in 1872, which is called the Sukharev Tower. In the famous novel by Ilf and Petrov, The Golden Calf, the convention of Lieutenant Schmidt's children was signed in a tavern located at the Sukharev Tower. And in the story of science fiction writer Kir Bulychev "News of the Future Century" at the end of the 21st century, the Sukharev Tower will be restored ...
Historical reference:
1692-1695 - Sukharev Tower was built on the site of the old wooden Sretensky Gates of the Earthen City
1700-1715 - a mathematical and navigation school worked in the tower
1715-1829 - was under the jurisdiction of the Moscow office of the Admiralty Collegium
1829 - Sukharev tower began to be used as a water tower
1870s - the tower was restored
1925-1934 - for years the Moscow Communal Museum was located in the Sukharev Tower, which was the predecessor of the Museum of the History of Moscow
April 19, 1934 - work began on the demolition of the Sukharev Tower in Moscow
June 11, 1934 - work on the demolition of the Sukharev tower was completed Kaganovich was renamed Kolkhoznaya.
Sukharevskaya Square keeps the memory not only of the famous market, but also of the Sukharevskaya Tower, which once stood on the square.
The Sukharev (or Sukharev) tower has not been seen on the streets of Moscow for more than 70 years. However, so many secrets and legends are associated with it that the memory of it, as the most mysterious building in Moscow, is still alive.
In the place where the ancient road to Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Vladimir passed through it, the Sretensky Gate was erected, above which a tower with three battle platforms covered with hipped roofs towered.
The Sukharev Tower (or Sukhareva) was built in 1692-1695 on the site of the old wooden Sretensky Gates of the Zemlyanoy City - at the intersection of the Garden Ring and Sretenka Street. Here, at these gates, in 1605, False Dmitry solemnly met the last wife of Ivan the Terrible, allegedly his mother. Here Muscovites in 1613 met Mikhail Romanov, who had been elected tsar at the Zemsky Cathedral. From here the Russian monarchs went on pilgrimage to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery.
The story is usually told:
The Sukharev Tower got its name in honor of Colonel Lavrenty Sukharev, whose rifle regiment at the end of the 17th century guarded the very gates of the capital. In 1689, Peter fled from his sister Tsarina Sophia to the Sergius Lavra, and Sukharev's regiment stood up to protect the future Tsar. In gratitude for this loyalty, Peter I, accepting the throne, ordered to build a new one on the site of the old gate, that is, a tower with a through arched passage.
The story of the Sukharev Tower as the imperial gratitude embodied in the stone is a legend. It wasn't like that at all.
The rifle regiments settled in Moscow settlements. Streletsky settlements, like the regiments themselves, were usually named after the regimental commanders. At the end of the 17th century, the archers of Colonel Lavrenty Sukharev were serving at the Sretensky Gate.
Sukharev's rifle regiment took part in all the most important events of that time. But without too much zeal. Perhaps this is due to the fact that he was located far from the Kremlin. A small number of Sukharevites were involved in the Streltsy revolt of 1682, which brought Princess Sophia to power. In 1689, the regiment supported Peter I, but arrived at the Trinity-Sergius Monastery not among the first, as evidenced by a very modest award to Colonel Sukharev.
After the Streltsy uprising of 1689, brutally suppressed by the troops loyal to Peter, Sukharev's regiment was disbanded, some of the archers were executed, and the streltsy families were evicted from Sukharevaya Sloboda. But the settlement has retained its name, passing it over time to the tower, squares and lanes.
Any legend, no matter how freely it treats historical reality, still has its source in a specific historical fact and specific events.
Indeed, there was such a fact in the history of the Sukharev Tower, when its inhabitants demonstrated their loyalty to the emperor, this happened at a most dangerous moment for him, and they were then the only subjects in the state. Just like a legend. However, more prosaic.
And this happened not at the end of the 17th century during the Streletsky revolt, but in the last year of the first quarter of the 19th century, when the noble revolutionaries - the Decembrists - revolted and the throne swayed not under Peter, but under Nicholas I.
The rumor spreading in Moscow about the accession to the throne of Nicholas I at first raised doubts among the Moscow Governor-General Prince Golitsyn of its reliability, since the oath of allegiance to his elder brother Konstantin had already been taken. But at the same time, he alarmed, because a coup d'etat was quite possible in the unstable time of the interregnum.
In connection with the order brought by Nicholas I, Governor-General Golitsyn ordered to begin taking the oath of allegiance to the new emperor in Moscow at 8 am on December 18 and to begin, as expected, the ceremony of oathing in the Assumption Cathedral to the higher ranks, in other churches and the presence of all other employees.
But then it became known that in Moscow, in violation of the rules and customs, the oath had already begun on the night of December 16 before the official receipt of the manifesto, and the Moscow team of the Sukharev Tower took it.
The manifesto on the accession to the throne and the oath was sent out from St. Petersburg by several departments, including the Admiralty. His courier reached Moscow first and handed the manifesto to the head of the Moscow branch of the Admiralty, staying in the Sukharev Tower. The manifesto demanded the immediate execution of the order, that is, the swearing-in. The priest of Trinity in the Church Sheets, who was supposed to take the oath, despite the late time (it was already after midnight), went to the Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret to ask permission to take the oath. The metropolitan was awakened, he hesitantly listened to the priest and ordered to send a manifesto to make sure of his existence. The priest went for the manifesto, but Filaret sent a note about his strange visit to the Governor-General and asked what he should do.
“It was strange to start the proclamation of the emperor from the Sukharev Tower,” Filaret later explained his doubts. The oath usually began with the main church in Russia - the Kremlin's Assumption Cathedral. In the meantime, the priest returned with a printed manifesto, drawn up as expected, causing no doubts about its authenticity, and the metropolitan allowed the oath to be taken. Upon the departure of the priest, Filaret received an answer from the Governor-General, who wrote that he had not received the manifesto and, in his opinion, the head of the Moscow branch of the Admiralty should be denied his request. But the Metropolitan could no longer follow the advice of the Governor-General: in the Sukharev Tower, employees of the Moscow branch of the Admiralty were the first in Moscow to swear allegiance to Emperor Nicholas I.
Only an incomplete day, but such, when the fate of the Russian throne was being decided; the soldiers, officers and officials of the Moscow office of the Admiralty were the only unit in Moscow that swore allegiance to the new emperor.
The next year, during the coronation celebrations, Nicholas I visited the Sukharev Tower, but he, like Peter I in his time, did not express any special gratitude to the employees of the Moscow Admiralty Office. However, popular rumor corrected the historical fact.
The earliest legends of the Sukharev Tower tell about the famous associate of Peter I, Count Yakov Vilimovich Bruce. Count Bruce in legends appears as a sorcerer, warlock, wizard and at the same time a remarkable scientist, inventor, intelligent, noble and courageous man who is not afraid to object to the king himself. It should be noted that popular legends portray Bruce with great sympathy. The legends about Bruce, created at the beginning of the 18th century, like every work of folklore, in retellings by subsequent generations of storytellers were supplemented, reworked, and reinterpreted in a new way.
In the 1920s, local historian and folklorist EZ Baranov wrote down the legends about Bruce and the Sukharev Tower that were common among the Moscow common people.
Here is one such legend:
“There were three of the smartest people: Bruce, Sukharev and Pushkin. Sukharev, therefore, built a tower for Sukharev; Bruce flew to heaven to see if there is a God, and returned; Pushkin was also the smartest gentleman, he wrote books, described everything, and so that people lived without quarrels, without deception, in an amicable way. "You, he says, live for joy." They wanted to erect monuments to all three of them. This was after, not under Peter the Great, under another tsar. They wanted to erect three monuments, but the king resisted.
- Bruce, - he says, - there is nothing: he was engaged in magic and sold his soul to the devil.
This is how a person was defamed. And in vain, completely in vain. Why would Bruce sell the devil his soul? An intelligent person and without evil spirits, he will reach everything himself. And he took the magic from science. But how are we? Got angry with a man - and let's blacken him. Here and there, one king disliked Bruce, well, other kings who followed him followed the same path. That's why it was not ordered to erect a monument to Bruce.
And the tsar did not order Sukharev to erect a monument.
- What, - he says, - does he need a monument? There is the Sukharev Tower, and that's enough.
But the tsar approved of Pushkin.
“He,” he says, “was the smartest man.
They erected a monument to Pushkin, and he stands on Tverskoy Boulevard in full view.
But what kind of people is our people: some one thousand times will pass by the monument, but ask him: "What kind of man was Pushkin?" “I don’t know,” he says. “I don’t know…” Why, I didn’t know either, but as I asked knowledgeable people, I found out. So you ask and listen to what knowledgeable people have to say. "
From the book “The genius of the Russian detective ID Putilin. Stories about his adventures. " The famous detective Putilin was specially invited from St. Petersburg to Moscow to investigate the strange case.
“At a time when the Russian public, eagerly and with great pleasure, pounces on reading stories about the mysterious adventures of foreign detectives like Sherlock Holmes, Nat Pinkerton, Nick Carter and others, it would not hurt to remember our Russian, no less talented detective, who left a deep memory of himself among his contemporaries ... After serving for more than 40 years, he retired with the rank of Privy Councilor, with the star of Anna I degree ...
… A ghost similar to Peter the Great appeared in the Sukharev Tower. Rumors were rumors, but there were even eyewitnesses to this ghost - on the roof of Sukhareva, at her small turret, stood a tall man in a Petrovsky camisole-uniform. Long hair, the then cocked hat on the head, a harness over the shoulder, a sword on the side. He stands, stands, looks at Moscow and hides. The Moscow police were unable to cope with this mystical phenomenon, and Putilin was summoned from St. Petersburg to help her. As they say in fairy tales (but this is a reality), Ivan Dmitrievich did not “understand” the ghost for long. It turned out to be someone mentally ill Yanovsky, who had disappeared from an insane asylum some time ago. Before entering the "yellow house" he was very fond of all sorts of legends ... He rented his costume of Peter the Great's time in one of the workshops. In some incredible way, he climbed onto the roof of Sukharevka and scared people away with his appearance. "
The former officer, moved by his mind after his wife escaped from him, was looking for Bruce's treasure in the tower, which contains a love elixir. And since the treasure is charmed, you can only get it by presenting yourself in the image of Peter the Great.
And here are some more legends:
The so-called Rapier Hall was located in the Sukharev Tower, where it can be assumed that fencing was taught. Tradition says that secret meetings of a certain society of Neptune took place there, the chairman of which was Lefort, and the first overseer was Peter I. History has hidden from us the origin and true purpose of this secret society. However, there was a rumor among the people that a black book was kept there, guarded by 12 spirits and "after that it was laid in the wall, where it was nailed down with altyn nails."
According to legend, the Sukharev Tower kept “Solomon's seal on a ring with the words SATOR, AREPO TENET OPERA ROTAS. "You can do different things with this ring: you will turn to yourself with a seal, you will be invisible, you will destroy all charms from yourself, you will receive power over Satan ..."
Tradition says that here Bruce was allegedly engaged in the preparation of the elixir of living and dead water. Before his death, he allegedly gave a bottle of living water to his valet and ordered to water himself with it soon after his death. When the valet began to carry out such an order, the deceased began to stir; the performer was frightened and, dropping a bottle from his hands, broke it. Bruce was never destined to "resurrect".
The day before the entry of Napoleon's troops into Moscow, a hawk, with fetters on its legs, got entangled in the wings of a two-headed copper eagle on the spire of the Sukharev tower. The bird fluttered for a long time until it died. The people who watched this interpreted: "This is how Bonaparte will get entangled in the wings of the Russian eagle."
A Moscow legend says that Stalin decided to destroy the Sukharev Tower in order to find some kind of treasure. Therefore, the tower was dismantled very carefully, brick by brick.
The unusually strong foundations of the Sukharev Tower were not destroyed during the demolition, they are hidden under the Sukharevskaya Square. In 1982, the Moscow executive committee announced a competition for the best project to restore the Sukharev Tower, but as a result, not a single proposal was accepted. In 2006, when underground passages were laid under Sukharevskaya Square, partial excavations and studies of the foundations were carried out, as the commemorative plaque says.
And in the 90s of the 20th century, black archaeologists and treasure hunters climbed numerous tunnels under Sukharevskaya Square, the entrances to which were located in the old houses of Sretenka and Sretensky lanes. It was then that they remembered about the tunnel dug by Ivan the Terrible from the Kremlin to the Sretensky Gate, and they thought, was it where he hid his library, and was this why the gate was rebuilt and the tower was built on? But the books were never found, neither Ivan the Terrible nor the Bryusovs. Lost treasures only sometimes come across: chests with expensive clothes and furs.
*** The book was used to write the postMuravyov Vladimir Bronislavovich“Moscow legends. On the cherished road of Russian history", As well as an article by Vladimir Rogoza.
The people loved this tower, although they feared it. For its height and beauty, the tower was named “the bride of Ivan the Great”. For two and a half centuries, it flaunted in the capital, becoming one of its symbols along with the Kremlin and the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed. But this "celebrity" has not been in the center of the Mother See for more than eighty years. There is no tower, but its history, rumors and unsolved secrets associated with it continue to excite the minds of people.
At the very end of the 17th century, in 1692, on the site of the wooden Sretensky gates, which stood on a high hill, new ones were erected - already stone, with a 64-meter tower. They called her Sukhareva. According to legend, in this way, Peter I expressed his gratitude to Lavrenty Sukharev, a colonel of the streltsy army, who sided with the future tsar in 1689, when Peter had to flee and hide in the Sergius Lavra from Sophia.
In Moscow at that time, the Ivan the Great bell tower and two towers - Sukharev and Menshikov were considered the tallest buildings. The townspeople began to call Sukharev's tower "the bride of Ivan the Great", and Menshikov and Sukhareva - sisters.
« ... On a steep mountain, strewn with low houses, among which only a wide white wall of some boyar's house can be seen from time to time, there rises a quadrangular, gray, fantastic bulk - the Sukharev Tower. She proudly looks at the surroundings, as if she knows that the name of Peter is inscribed on her mossy brow! Her gloomy physiognomy, her gigantic dimensions, her decisive forms - everything keeps the imprint of another century, the imprint of that formidable power, which nothing could resist". M.Yu. Lermontov, 1834.
However, the archers did not stay long in the new tower. Already in 1701, another application was found for it - the "Mathematical and Navigational School" was placed here. For this purpose, classrooms and living rooms, a laboratory for physical and chemical experiments, a library and the pride of the school - an observatory - were equipped in the tower. It was from the walls of this school that the first engineers, navigators, architects, so necessary for the country at that time, emerged. Peter himself loved to visit this school, especially its laboratory and observatory, sitting there for hours.
Legends of the Sukharev Tower
The Sukharev Tower, a very unusual structure for that time, aroused great interest among the townspeople. And, not surprisingly, many legends and rumors immediately appeared around her. And at the same time, almost all of them were associated with one person - Yakov Vilimovich Bruce, a famous scientist and associate of Tsar Peter I, a Swede by origin.
As a real scientist, he was skeptical and distrustful of everything supernatural, trying to find a scientific explanation for it.
But ordinary people, very far from scientific ideas and experiments, seeing the window of the observatory glowing at night, immediately declared him a sorcerer and warlock. Rumors began to spread that "unclean" deeds were happening in the tower. People tried to bypass the "bad" tower side, and, passing by, were baptized.
It was rumored that in some incomprehensible way Yakov Bruce managed to take possession of the library of Ivan the Terrible, which the tsar hid before his death so that no one could find it. And according to legend, there were books in it, allowing you to gain power over the whole world, especially the "Black Book" stood out among them. And, allegedly, having read these books, Jacob Bruce tightly walled up the tsar's library in one of the walls of the tower, thus hiding it from people.
After Jacob Bruce died, many tried to find the books hidden in the tower. Catherine II also made such an attempt, in some rooms, on her order, the walls were dismantled, however, nothing was found. Stopping the search for a while, the empress ordered to post a guard near the tower, and seal the entrance to it. And the tower was indeed guarded for a very long time, only the Bolsheviks took off the guard, and then not immediately, only in 1924.
With the death of Bruce, the strangeness that frightened Muscovites did not stop - every night in the observatory of the tower a light came on for a while.
In the 1930s, during the analysis of one of the crypts, the body of Yakov Bruce was found, who was identified by his family ring. The found remains were sent to the laboratory in order to recreate his appearance. But again the inexplicable happened - the body disappeared from the laboratory, only clothes and a ring remained in place.
Now let's move on to realities ...
and look at photos of the tower in different years.
During this year, the tower has undergone several restorations, and its color has also changed - from grayish to pink.
In connection with the adoption in 1931 of the plan for the general reconstruction of Moscow, many historical buildings were subject to demolition. This threat also hung over the beautiful tower, which by that time had become an obstacle to traffic in the capital.
Trying to save this rare monument, the architects wrote a collective letter to Stalin asking him to cancel the decision. In addition, they offered to present projects in the near future that would allow solving transport problems without demolishing the tower. And there really were such projects.
Title \u003d "(! LANG: IA Fomin. Planning project for Sukharevskaya square
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I.A. Fomin. Planning project for Sukharevskaya square
in Moscow. Perspective. 1930s
But, unfortunately, they did not listen to them, and in 1934 the tower, which obstructed traffic, was demolished.
From a letter from Gilyarovsky to his daughter:
« They break it. First of all, they took off her watch and would use it for some other tower, and then they broke off the porch, knocked down the spire, dismantled the upper floors, and not today or tomorrow they would break her slender pink figure. Still pink as it was! Yesterday was a sunny evening, a bright sunset from the side of the Triumphal Gate gilded Sadovaya from below and scattered in the dying remains like a glow.
Eerie something! Crimson, red,
Sun illuminated by a sunset ray,
Turned into a pile of living ruins.
I still see her yesterday - a proud beauty, a pink tower ...
».
But the process of demolishing the tower was rather strange - it was not blown up, as was usually done in such cases, but was carefully dismantled, literally, brick by brick. Kaganovich was assigned to oversee the process. All leaving cars were carefully searched, and people were searched.
Then another urban legend was born. Apparently, they were looking for something there ... But what? Are not the witchcraft books of Jacob Bruce?
Apparently, what they were looking for was not found, and the remains of the tower were blown up on Stalin's orders. In the crowd of people, Kaganovich drew attention to a tall, thin man in a wig. Shaking his finger at Kaganovich, he disappeared.
You can determine the place where the Sukharev Tower stood by the photographs:
The clock from the Sukharev tower is installed on the tower of the Front gate of the Kolomenskoye estate
Sukharevskaya Square was renamed into Kolkhoznaya Square, but in 1990 its former name was returned.
In 1986, the question of restoring the tower was considered, but it was not resolved - none of the submitted projects was approved.
And so far, only a memorial sign and the names of nearby streets - Sadovo-Sukharevskaya street, Bolshoi and Maly Sukharevsky lanes - remind of the Sukharev tower.
As it was recently found out, the foundation and basements of the tower were not damaged by the explosion. And what secrets they hold remains to be seen.
And in continuation of the theme, a story about - from the royal eagles to the red stars of the Kremlin.
© MoskvaX.ruHISTORY: The Sukharev Tower was built in 1692-1695 on the site of the wooden Sretensky gates of the Earthen City (at the intersection of the Garden Ring and Sretenka Street). The tower was built on the initiative of Peter I according to the project of M.I.Choglokov. The name was given in honor of Lavrenty Sukharev, whose rifle regiment guarded the Sretensky Gate at the end of the 17th century. In 1689, Peter I fled from his sister, Princess Sophia, to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, and Sukharev's regiment defended Peter. In gratitude, the tsar ordered to build on the site of the old gate a new stone one with a clock. In the years 1698-1701, the gate was rebuilt and reached the beginning of the 20th century, with a high, hipped tower, reminiscent of the Western European town hall. Their view of that time is presented below in Savrasov's painting "Sukharev Tower". At the beginning of the 18th century, a naval "navigation" school was located, then the Moscow office of the Admiralty Collegium. In the 1870s the architect A. L. Ober restored the Sukharev Tower. In 1897-1899, more renovations. In 1914, repairs began again, but stopped due to the 1st World War.
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SECRET SOCIETY: There is a legend that in the rapier (fencing) hall at the top of the Sukharev Tower, meetings of the secret Neptune society were held under the chairmanship of F. Lefort and J. Bruce (photo), nicknamed "the sorcerer from the Sukharev Tower."
Apparently it is no coincidence that the tower was located next to the most famous Masonic place in Moscow, the building where it is now located. On the facade of this building, you can still see a large radiant delta. And the close location can be seen on an old postcard (buildings with columns are an institute).
RESERVOIR: In subsequent years, the Sukharev Tower was used in different ways: there were warehouses, soldiers lived, and in the 19th century, using the extraordinary fortress of masonry, two reservoirs were arranged in the tower - for 6 and 7 thousand buckets - of the Mytishchi water supply system. There is still an aqueduct from the water supply. And the thickness of the walls can be estimated from the section of the Sukharev Tower:
MUSEUM: A museum was placed in the Sukharev Tower. In 1925, the tower was repaired, adapted for museum needs, and at the very beginning of 1926 the Moscow Communal Museum was opened - the official opening took place on January 3, and visitors began to be admitted on January 6. V.A. Gilyarovsky, who visited the new museum, left such a poetic greeting: "The key water From here gave to drink to the Moscow people, From now on, the power of living Knowledge will pour from here." The inspirer of the entire enterprise, Moscow historian Pyotr Vasilyevich Sytin put his heart and soul into the new museum. He wanted to arrange a corner of Moscow history around the tower - to put lanterns of various shapes, put pavements of different types, to equip an observation tower on the tower - after all, the height of the Sukharev tower exceeded 60 meters, and it also stood on a high Moscow hill.
FIGHT FOR THE TOWER: Nothing could be done, at first P.V. Sytin was fired from the museum, and then the Sukharev tower was demolished. According to the communists, the Sukharev Tower obstructed traffic. Architects and engineers proposed schemes for bypassing the tower, but the owners of Russia did not want to listen. Recently published correspondence of Stalin concerning the demolition of the tower. From a letter to I.E. Grabar, I.V. Zholtovsky et al., August 1933 to Stalin: “The newspaper news about the demolition of the Sukharev tower makes us, before it’s too late, signal to you about the erroneousness of the decision taken ... The demolition of the tower is essentially inexpedient, because if its purpose is to regulate traffic, then that the same result can be achieved with equal success in other ways ... A group of architects undertakes in one month to develop a project for the reorganization of Sukharev Square, with an ideal resolution of the traffic schedule ... it is not too late, we earnestly ask you to suspend the aimless demolition of the tower, unworthy of our glorious days of building socialism and classless society, and revise the resolution, if such exists. " In response, on September 18, 1933, Stalin wrote to Koganovich with his own hand: “We (he himself and Voroshilov) studied the issue of Sukharev's head and came to the conclusion that it must be demolished. We propose to demolish the Sukharev tower and expand the movement. Architects who object to demolition are blind and hopeless. " Kaganovich, speaking these days at a meeting of communist architects, said: “In architecture, we continue a fierce class struggle ... An example can be taken from the facts of recent days - the protest of a group of old architects against the demolition of the Sukharev Tower. I do not enter into the essence of these arguments, perhaps we will leave the Sukharev Tower (!), But it is characteristic that not a single littered church is dealt with, so that a protest on this matter is not written. It is clear that these protests were caused not by concern for the protection of ancient monuments, but by political motives - in attempts to envelop the Soviet government in vandalism. " Representatives of the intelligentsia - A.V. Shchusev, K.F. Yuon, A.M. Efros and others do not calm down. On April 17, 1934, they again send a message to Stalin: "We are addressing you with excitement and bitterness ..." - and again they bring irrefutable arguments about the benefits of preserving the Sukharev Tower. In response, signed by Stalin: “The decision to destroy the Sukharev Tower was taken at the time by the Government. Personally, I think this decision is correct, believing that the Soviet people will be able to create more magnificent and memorable examples of architectural creativity than the Sukharev Tower ... "
Dismantling the tower: The Sukharev tower was doomed. Gilyarovsky (photo above) wrote about the destruction of the Sukharev Tower in a letter to his daughter: “They are breaking it. First of all, they took off her watch and would use it for some other tower, and then they broke off the porch, knocked down the spire, dismantled the upper floors, and not today or tomorrow they would break her slender pink figure. Still pink as it was! Yesterday was a sunny evening, a bright sunset from the side of the Triumphal Gate gilded Sadovaya from below and scattered in the dying remains like a glow. Eerie something! Crimson, red, Sun illuminated by a sunset ray, Turned into a pile of living ruins. I still see her yesterday - Proud beauty, pink tower ... "
April 19, 1934: “The upper 6 meters of the Sukharev Tower have already been dismantled. The dismantling of the main granite staircase was also completed. The 60-pound spire of the tower is lowered to the ground. The most important part of the work is thus completed. The shooting of the clock from the tower was finished yesterday. "
April 29: “Yesterday the analysis of the prism (upper part) of the Sukharev Tower ended. The demolition of the main building has begun ... "
May 24: “The dismantling of the Sukharev tower is coming to an end ... The general work plan has been completed by more than 80%. The lower floor will be dismantled in the next 5-6 days. All construction materials were provided to the city department for use in paving streets. "
June 12: “On the night of June 11, the demolition of the Sukharev Tower was completed. More than 16 thousand cubic meters of building materials have been dismantled. Samples of work were shown by the best drummers of Mosrazbor vols. Ulbashev, Latypov, Seberzianov, Barbaroshin. They will be rewarded. " Now only the carved details at the exhibition in Kolomenskoye and the double platband, transferred to the wall of the Donskoy Monastery, remain of the tower.
BLACK BOOK: The secret of the warlock from Sukharevka remains his witchcraft "Black Book". The people said that this book was written by Satan himself and called it nothing else but the "Bible of the devil" - they say that it contains unclean spirits and if someone opens it besides the warlock to whom it belongs, it will be cursed forever. This book gives the warlock tremendous power and secret knowledge. It was also rumored that this book went to Bruce along with the famous and legendary library of Ivan the Terrible, which he hid in the dungeons of the Sukharev Tower. Another legend about the "Black Book" tells that it was written with magic signs, belonged to the once-wise king Solomon and gave power over the world. They say that before his death, Bruce immured the "Black Book" in the Sukharev Tower, in a secret room, on which he imposed a spell, a "magic castle", so that the book and secret knowledge did not fall into the hands of outsiders. Perhaps the legend was given an excuse for a cast-iron plaque on which the names of the members and rules of the “Neptune Society” were listed and which was allegedly walled up in the eastern wall of the hall. And the camps there are very thick (see the plan) According to one version, it was the search for the Black Book that forced the communists to dismantle the tower brick by brick.
UNDERGROUND: No. Caches in the dungeons of the Sukharev Tower may have survived. During the construction of the underpass and the repair of communications, the foundations were partially opened. The first photo shows the exit from the Sukharevskaya metro station in the distance.
But such finds are generally not uncommon during excavations in Moscow:
In the area of \u200b\u200bSukharevskaya square, there are even more extensive dungeons.
TOWER IN FILM AND ARTS: The image of the tower can be seen in the painting by Alexei Savrasov "Sukharev Tower" in 1872 (photo at the beginning of the article). According to the novel by Ilf and Petrov "The Golden Calf", a convention of "children of Lieutenant Schmidt" was signed in the tavern near the Sukharev Tower. According to Vadim Panov's fantasy series "The Secret City", the Sukharev Tower was a repository for the magical Black Book, which contained important information from the Ivan the Terrible's library. According to the story of Kir Bulychev "News of the Future Century", at the end of the XXI century the Sukharev Tower will be restored. The Sukharev Tower appears in an excerpt from Ivan Ivanovich Lazhechnikov's unfinished novel The Sorcerer on the Sukharev Tower, dedicated to the events that took place after the Peter the Great's era (1725-1727). The heroes of Nina Sorotokina's novel "Three from the Navigation School" (which formed the basis of the film "Midshipmen, Forward!") Study at the "Navigation School in the Sukharev Tower". Some scenes from the novel take place in the tower. The Sukharev Tower is depicted in the painting by artist Valery Balabanov "Project" (1987), included in the right part of the triptych "Heritage" (1988-1997). The Sukharev Tower is a key place in the plot of the full-length Russian fantasy cartoon The Magician of Balance. The Mystery of the Sukharev Tower ". The tower houses the entrance to the Magic Worlds, which is protected from evil forces by the "magician of balance" Jacob Bruce.
RECREATION OF THE TOWER: In November 2014, Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Science and Science-Intensive Technologies Mikhail Degtyarev prepared an appeal addressed to the mayor of Moscow Sergei Sobyanin, in which he asks to consider the idea of \u200b\u200brecreating the Sukharev Tower. The architectural monument, built by order of Peter I in 1695 and survived the Patriotic War of 1812, was destroyed in 1934. According to the legislator, the lost monument was one of the most significant symbols of Moscow and Russia, and in the current period of national revival it will not be superfluous to restore the tower. Back in 1982, the Moscow executive committee made an attempt to return the tower to the city. As a result, a competition for restoration projects was even announced, but none of them was accepted, and the idea of \u200b\u200bconstruction sunk into oblivion. And in 2014, a member of the presidium of the expert council under the chief architect of Moscow, Alexei Klimenko, said that the restoration of the tower would only lead to unnecessary expenses and embezzlement during construction. "I will not support this idea. I believe that it would be more honest and more useful for the younger generations to put a series of monitors and devices opposite Sklifosovsky, so that tourists and schoolchildren would approach them and, lowering a coin, watch photographs, films about history Sukharev tower and other destroyed monuments "- said Klimenko. Moreover, even the place for the tower is still free. This square is a little away from the original location of the tower. But so far, because of such statements by "members of the presidium", only a memorial stone stands in this park.
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