The toilet is an integral part of the bathroom in every apartment. It is simply impossible to do without it in the modern age of civilization, when comfortable living conditions are put to the fore in the improvement of housing. It is difficult to imagine that quite recently people were content with a primitive secluded closet, which is a wooden booth standing on a dug hole, with a round opening at the bottom for the administration of natural needs, with a terrible smell and a swarm of flies.
Times are changing, and today modern man strives for maximum comfort. When renovation worksah in the toilet, or planning a bathroom, the purchase of such a delicate plumbing item as a toilet should be as worried as about a bath or a washbasin. Of great importance is the choice of the appropriate size of the toilet bowl, its appearance, which should fit into the overall design of the room, and even become an original part of the interior.
Buying a toilet is a very responsible and serious business. In each individual case, the buyer is faced with the difficult question of which size is the most optimal, and whether the shape and size of the toilet bowl matters at all. Whether it was before: I cut a bigger hole in the board, and the toilet is ready! The future generation, most likely, will no longer understand the simple arrangement of the toilets of their grandparents.
In order for the purchase to be successful, some auxiliary points should be taken into account when choosing the size, shape and installation of this plumbing item.
When installing the toilet, it is necessary to provide free space from the door and walls to the installation site of the toilet, so that there is free access to it for use. The optimal distance from the toilet bowl to the door should be at least 60-65 cm, and the distance from the toilet bowl to the walls - 35 cm. The width and height of the model itself is of great importance. The height should be such that the legs of the person sitting on the toilet stand freely on the floor, that is, he should feel complete comfort, without any unpleasant tension in the legs. Also, the width of the toilet bowl rim should be such that unpleasant feelings do not arise in the muscles in the area of \u200b\u200bcontact with the seat. If the rim of the toilet is very narrow, it can cut into the legs and cause discomfort, and if it is very wide, it can transmit blood flow in the legs and cause numbness in the legs. That is why the choice of the width and height of the toilet must be approached with all seriousness and responsibility. Therefore, before buying, you need to test the toilet for comfort and do not hesitate to sit on it. Indeed, in the future, they will have to use it for more than one year, and even more than once a day, which is an excellent motivation for a serious approach in choosing suitable model this plumbing item.
In the modern plumbing market, there is a wide selection of all kinds of toilet bowls. Most often, models are bought that are most suitable for the dimensions of a person of average physique, height and weight. These plumbing items are designed for the convenience of the vast majority of users in such a way that their sizes can practically fit any family.
The most common standard toilet bowl sizes (GOST 30493-96) are presented in the following options:
Below are the diagrams with which you can clearly see the designs of toilets with a solid-cast shelf and without a solid-cast shelf, which is designed to install a flush cistern.
The process of installing and installing a toilet bowl with an attached shelf for a flush cistern is significantly different from installing a toilet with a one-piece shelf, since this shelf will be additionally mounted to the toilet.
Toilets of European standards have the same dimensions, but with slight differences. For example, the length (depth) of a toilet bowl can grow up to 680 mm, width up to 360 mm, and height up to 400 mm.
The diagram shows the dimensions of European standard toilet bowls.
In addition to standard models of toilet bowls, there are many options for this plumbing equipment, differing in types and designs. They are made according to the needs and requests of buyers who are eager even to put an original design solution into the toilet bowl, and the maximum feeling of comfort when using this type of plumbing.
Toilet bowls are distinguished by these types:
- dish-shaped toilets;
- visor, in which there are shelves for cisterns;
- with direct, oblique and horizontal water flow;
- analogs of toilet bowls, which are cast-iron enameled bowls;
- children's toilet bowls;
- corner toilet bowls, hanging type;
- built-in floor toilets.
Each type of model differs from the other in its specifics, purpose and difference in the methods of installing this equipment for subsequent operation.
Hanging toilets
A wall-hung toilet has been very popular recently. Outwardly, this product radiates the very grace and the pinnacle of aesthetics. It is installed in such a way that communications are not visible, the floor next to the toilet is not deformed, since it is not connected to the floor, there is a visual saving of space, and the toilet itself harmoniously fits into the interior of the room. The advantage of this type of toilet is that it is easy to clean near it, since there is no drain leg under it. The wall-mounted toilet can withstand 400 kg of load, so it is very durable, which is difficult to believe, looking at its grace and deceptive fragility.
The dimensions of the hanging toilet correspond to the following indicators:
- Width - 355-370 mm;
- Depth (length) - 480-700 mm;
- Height - 350-400 mm.
Corner floor standing toilets
Toilets of this type are quite common in bathrooms of residential and non-residential premises. Their advantage lies in a convenient corner arrangement, which saves space. The angular arrangement allows you to install the necessary parts of the toilet equipment so that all communications are not open to prying eyes, and the toilet itself is securely and conveniently mounted in the corner of the wall and floor.
In the photo you can see the shape of the corner toilets.
The dimensions of a corner toilet depend on the width of the corner in which they are built in, and correspond to the following indicators:
- Width - 345-375 mm;
- Depth (length) - 725-790 mm;
- Height - 370-430 mm.
Built-in toilets
Toilets of this type are gaining more and more popularity among the population. Their advantage is that the drain tank and other accessories are hidden behind a false panel or built into the wall, which compares favorably with conventional models. Thanks to this form of installation, the toilet is completely silent when flushing water through pipes and collecting water into the tank, since the wall provides reliable sound insulation. The toilet is mounted on a special installation, which ensures the reliability and stability of the structure. The cistern can be installed on the toilet, or you can hide it behind a false panel or behind drywall - as you like. Built-in toilets look very interesting and aesthetically pleasing, since there are no pipes, hoses or other elements that irritate the eye next to them. There is only a drain button on the wall.
On the diagram, you can see the parameters of built-in toilets.
The sizes of wall-mounted and floor-standing built-in toilets correspond to the following indicators:
- Width - 355-370 mm;
- Depth (length) - 470-580 mm;
- Height - 390-420 mm.
Compact small toilets are most often installed for children. But there are lovers of minimalism style who welcome miniature forms even in the design of the toilet room, in particular, they prefer a small toilet. The main goal of this style is to achieve maximum free space due to the minimum number of interior items. In this case, the small toilet, miniature washbasin and shower stall perfectly match this style, making the bathroom as spacious as possible.
Children's toilet bowls are of the following sizes:
- Width - 290-350 mm;
- Depth (length) - 460-590 mm;
- Height - 260-335 mm.
In the diagram, you can see the dimensions of children's toilet bowls.
In addition to being used in a minimalist style, compact toilets are very popular in small toilet rooms, as well as in apartments with small children.
Large toilets are used for people of great weight and impressive build. When choosing plumbing for such a case, it is important that it can withstand a heavy load. Therefore, large toilets are designed for such loads and can withstand a weight of up to 500 kg. Large toilets are very different from standard models in their parameters and can be made to order.
Large toilet models come in the following sizes:
- Width - up to 400 mm;
- Depth (length) - up to 700 mm;
- Height - 650 mm.
Toilet accessories
Any toilet usually comes with various components and accessories. These include seats, covers, durable installations, various pleats, cuffs, etc. All these items are a necessary addition for the comfortable use of this type of plumbing.
When choosing a toilet seat, there are some important nuances: The seat must match the rim of the toilet, it must not be too narrow, and the width of the seat must be 1 cm wider than the rim.
When choosing a seat, it is best to give preference to models made of durable material that can support their own weight, since the seats are made of soft material quickly fail. The seating surface should be smooth. If it is sheathed with material, then there should be no folds on it, and if it is made of plastic, then it should be without chipping so that being on the toilet does not cause discomfort.
It is undesirable to use wooden seats that have not been treated with any protective and antibacterial agents, since wood tends to absorb harmful fumes and can become a source of the spread of harmful bacteria, which, upon contact with the skin and mucous membranes, can cause various diseases.
Toilet seats are commercially available with a special antibacterial coating, or even made of a material that has these properties. These seats are much more expensive, but they provide health benefits and protect the body from infections.
One of the ways to install plumbing equipment is to use installations that are used for attached or built-in toilet bowls with separate cisterns. This method of fixing the toilet allows you to hide all components and system elements behind a false panel, leaving only the toilet itself and the flush button in the wall in plain sight.
The sizes of installations can be varied, depending on the size of the toilet, but they hardly differ from each other. The most common installations are 112 cm high and 50 cm wide, on which both a toilet bowl and a cistern are attached.
Corrugation standards
When installing the toilet great importance have corrugation dimensions. The corrugation is designed to drain wastewater from the toilet bowl to the sewer. It can be soft and tough, made of durable plastic.
If the length of the toilet cuff does not exceed 130 mm, then the corrugation should be much longer - 200-1200 mm. The diameter of the corrugation must correspond to the model of the toilet to which it is attached. The pipes can be either bent at an angle of 45 degrees, or straight and combined, having a corrugated part at the point of the intended bend.
When installing the toilet cuff, it is important to ensure that it fits snugly against the toilet. It shouldn't dangle freely, but it should also be too narrow. To select the correct cuff size, you need to immediately measure the outer diameter of the toilet bowl outlet, and in accordance with the measurements, select the cuff size. As a result, you will get a reliable and high-quality connection of plumbing equipment to the sewerage system.
The diameter and length of toilet cuffs depends on the specific model of sanitary equipment. They can be wide or narrow, long or short. The length varies from 112 mm to 120-130 mm, and its diameter depends on the design of a particular toilet model. The pleated cuff is best mounted as it is easy to bend and adapt to any installation model. If a fan pipe is used instead of a collar, the installation will be a little more complicated. Usually, the installation uses plastic cuffs and pipes, much less often rubber ones.
How to choose a toilet lid?
The toilet lid does not have to be larger than the seat in diameter. In some models, the lid is much smaller than the seat, but despite this, it tightly closes the opening of the toilet bowl. When choosing a cover, it is important to ensure that it closes tightly, which is a key value in choosing this structural element.
If you take the choice of plumbing equipment with all responsibility, take into account all the nuances of the installation, select the appropriate accessories and components, then you are guaranteed to be provided with a decent level of comfort when using this equipment. By repairing the toilet, you will ensure the comfort of all family members, making the rest of the toilet pleasant and safe.
An integral part of a modern home is a sanitary unit. Bathtub, washbasin, shower cubicle, bidet, toilet bowl have become common and necessary household items for a long time.
Often, the area of \u200b\u200bthe toilet room does not allow the installation of plumbing without focusing on its dimensions and area. And in large toilets of new private houses, the dimensions of all installed plumbing must also be taken into account in order to link all the details of the interior of the toilet room into a single design ensemble, beautiful and convenient.
Cistern toilets vary in size and can significantly affect the design and comfort of your toilet.
Toilet bowls compact
Despite the variety of forms and designs of plumbing devices that have appeared recently, Russians prefer to install compact toilets in their homes. From the name itself it follows that a compact object does not take up much space... And this is very important for owners of small apartments.
In addition, the "compact" is easy to install indoors without radically damaging the floor or walls of the bathroom. Such a "compact" the tank and the bowl are folded into one piece... It is much more convenient and aesthetically pleasing than attaching the bowl to the floor and the tank to the wall by connecting them with pipes or hoses. Find out how to install a toilet with your own hands from this.
Dimensions of all types of toilets are regulated by Gosstandart No. 30493 of 1996. In Russia "compact" is produced in two types: with a separate shelf and with a cast one. The size of the "compact" with a cast shelf is 60.5x34x37, and with a separate one - 46x36x40.
Dimensions are in centimeters, height - length - width. Foreign manufacturers produce products that do not match the dimensions according to GOST RF in one or several parameters. Some Russian manufacturers also offer "oversized", so you need to carefully study all sizes when purchasing.
Monoblock
Such toilets differ from the "compact" type in that bowl and cistern made of one piece, made of a single piece of ceramic... This design provides durability and strength. There are no connecting mechanisms between the reservoir and the bowl, which also affects the long-term operation of this "monoblock" without repair.
The overall dimensions of this type of plumbing devices vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. This most often applies to manufacturers from abroad, because in Russia, all standard sizes of toilet bowls are regulated by GOST No. 30493-96.
Taking into account the difference in standards, the monoblock can be purchased on the Russian market with the following dimensions: 36-37.5 cm wide, 68.5-70 cm long (deep) and 39-77.5 cm high.
Corner
As a rule, they are chosen by those who want to save on space and love original design solutions. It became possible to install such a plumbing structure in a corner due to a triangular cistern.
General parameters are calculated based on the length of the sides of the corner in which the plumbing will be installed. The bowl itself has ordinary dimensions, convenient for an adult: 34-37 cm wide, 72-79 cm long (deep) and 37-43 cm high... The only drawback of the corner model is some installation difficulties.
Baby
Plumbing for children is installed not only in bathrooms for children, but also in those toilets where, according to the designer's plan, minimalism should dominate. Miniature toilets, bidets, washstands suitable for both children and adults of short stature.
The dimensions of children's toilet bowls, according to the same GOST No. 30493 of 1996, 29 cm wide, 40.5 cm long and 33.5 cm high... For foreign manufacturers, these parameters can vary from 29 to 35 cm in width, from 46 to 59 cm in length (depth) and from 26 to 33.5 cm in height.
Mounted
Toilets with concealed cisterns are gaining more and more popularity among buyers. This design has several undeniable advantages. Firstly, the water tank does not take up space in the room, and the toilet bowl can be mounted close to the wall or behind it.
Secondly, due to the soundproofing of the wall itself, water draining and collection is much quieterthan from a tank mounted directly on the bowl. In addition, all pipes are also hidden in the wall itself or behind a special false panel, which has a positive effect on the aesthetics of the toilet.
Read more about choosing a wall-hung toilet and how to install it.
The parameters of toilets with concealed cisterns also vary depending on the country of manufacture. In most cases, the width of these models will be 35-37 cm, length (depth) - 47-58 cm, and height - 39-42 cm.
Features of measurements
When buying plumbing, you need to proceed not only from the size of the toilet room and the desired size of the toilet, but also take into account the features and size of the outlet... The gap between the toilet and the walls of the room depends on the type of connection of the plumbing fixture to the sewer.
Especially whimsical in this case are devices with a lower type of release... They cannot be re-assembled with minimal losses in wall and floor finishing. Serious reconstruction will be required. Therefore, when buying a toilet, it is necessary to take into account not only its size by contours, but also how much space it will take in a fully assembled form.
The optimal dimensions, taking into account the small-sized toilet rooms and the average height and complexion of a European, are considered 38x48x39 cm.
From the materials on our website, you can also find out, taking into account other parameters - material of manufacture, type of construction, etc.
Approximate weight depending on the material of manufacture
The weight of the plumbing structure directly depends on the materials from which it is made. The body itself, the drain mechanism - all this matters. As a rule, plumbing is made from sanitary porcelain and sanitary ware. Faience is heavier than porcelain, so a toilet made from it will weigh about 26-31.5 kg... Porcelain will be slightly lighter: 24.5-29 kg.
In addition, there are samples made from marble, plastic and stainless steel. Marble are the heaviest. They will weigh between 100 and 150 kg.... Structures made of "stainless steel" are lightweight and durable. Their weight is from 12 to 19 kg. And also, they are not prone to cracks and chips. It is good to install such devices in non-residential premises with high traffic of people.
The lightest toilet is, of course, plastic... Any product made of plastic will weigh no more than 10.5 kg. But the weight of a plumbing fixture is influenced not only by the material from which it is made.
Often, when choosing the lightest toilet, the buyer does not take into account the weight of the cistern. But the total mass of the structure also depends on its volume and the material from which the drain mechanism is made. A standard six-liter tank weighs about 11 kg... Accordingly, with a smaller volume, the total weight of the product will also decrease.
Suspended models will weigh less than floor models, due to the fact that they took less material to make them: after all, they do not have legs. So, the weight of the toilet can vary from 5 to 150 kg.
How does this affect demand? Owners of private houses who want to install plumbing fixtures on the ground floor of a dwelling may not pay attention to its mass. But buyers living in multi-storey buildings with dilapidated interfloor ceilings, the weight of the plumbing purchased should be of paramount importance.
Calculation of the required volume of the cistern
Cisterns from different manufacturers and different toilet models have different volumes. So, for domestic products, it usually happens from 4 to 13 liters... Imported toilet bowls are equipped with drain devices from 4 to 6 liters of volume.
The water is drained by means of a drain mechanism, or the so-called drain fittings. Regardless of the capacity of the waste container, this fitting can be set to drain a certain amount of water. It is believed that for a "large" flush, 3.5-4 liters of water is required, for a "small" one - 1.5 liters.
There are, where the drain mechanism of the device has two buttons for adjusting the water flow. In addition, there are even plumbing fixtures with two bowls and, accordingly, different plums. For solid and liquid waste, there is a separate container and its own drain with the required water flow.
Dual-mode tanks with an outlet for 3 and 6 liters (for liquid and solid waste, respectively) able to save up to 6,500 liters of water per person per year, in comparison with the models of the old model, where there is a one-stage release of the entire volume, 10-13 liters.
In this way, a family of three can save up to 20,000 liters per yearif he installs a flush device with two flush modes in his toilet.
Also, when choosing, you need to consider the type of water outlet. Currently, there are three types: vertical, horizontal and oblique... New houses are designed with a horizontal or oblique outlet, and country cottages are also built. And vertical release is typical for old one- and multi-storey buildings.
So how do you choose the right toilet for all the variety of shapes, sizes, designs and designs? In addition to the area of \u200b\u200bthe toilet room and the type of communications in the house, you also need to remember that so that the plumbing is comfortable.
Incorrectly chosen height can lead to uncomfortable sitting and strain on the calf muscles. A narrow or wide upper rim can affect the blood flow in the legs and cause them to numb for a short time.
Therefore, when choosing one of the main items for the home, carefully consider whether its format is suitable for all family members. Feel free to even sit down and sit on it... The right choice will ensure that your toilet is truly "comfy"!
A product such as a toilet is present in every home, office, hotel and other institutions. It would seem that it is a completely unattractive piece of furniture, but it is precisely when choosing it that you need to be especially careful so that the structure fits into the bathroom or toilet and harmoniously combines with the surrounding atmosphere. Regardless of what color and design this piece of furniture will be, it is important to pay attention to its dimensions.
Calculation of the size of the toilet with a cistern in the plan
If the dimensions of the room allow, then it is possible to choose a wide floor-standing version of the toilet. It is worth noting that it is best to carry out the renovation of the premises as finishing materials, and on plumbing equipment, drawing up a preliminary paper, and in this regard, note all the necessary changes. Into space small toilet it is worth choosing compact models, since the standard ones will take up too much space.
Compact models include a toilet:
- Angular;
- Suspension;
- Embedded;
- With a flat tank.
With regards to parameters such as width, depth and height, these are individual dimensions that each person selects for himself. Experts recommend choosing plumbing, focusing on the tallest member of the family, since you can put a step for children, but with great growth it is quite difficult to bend to the floor to operate the toilet.
There is a certain GOST, according to which Russian companies make toilet bowls:
- 335 x 405 x 290 mm - children's model;
- 400 x 460 x 360 mm - a model without a solid-cast shelf;
- 370 x 605 x 340 mm - a model with a one-piece shelf.
The first is the height, the second is the length, and the third is the width. When buying is guided by the level of comfort, since it will depend on whether it is possible to relieve need pleasantly and without inconvenience or not.
Toilet in standard sizes and how it is installed
A toilet bowl for a bathroom is an important element, and by choosing the right dimensions, you can make the room as attractive and comfortable as possible. It is worth noting that both domestic and foreign toilets go on sale, each of which has its own characteristics.
There are a lot of options to choose from, since they differ in:
- Forms;
- Color;
- Installation method.
If you give preference to foreign models, then you do not need to adjust them to the domestic GOST parameters. In general, the designs of the toilet bowls do not have too sharp differences in parameters, since they basically have the same standard dimensions. Choosing the best toilet for yourself is not difficult, as there are even models electronic form, with control panels or a panel by means of which the function of heating the seat or floor around the structure can be activated. According to research by specialists in the field of plumbing equipment, it became known that 380x480x370 mm is considered the ideal standard parameter of a toilet bowl.
According to the installation method, the toilet can be:
- Built-in;
- Hinged;
- Floor.
Floor-standing small-sized structures are very popular all over the world, especially if they have a compact monolithic tank. Such products take up minimal square meters and their small cisterns are integral with the bowl. Such models have standard size 520x340x400.
In some versions, the length can be increased by 10 cm. Basically, monoblock or installation toilet bowls are decorative, and you can find colored products of a very different shade.
Compact toilets have parameters such as 380x800x675. Corner structures have a short, triangle-shaped cistern that can be easily mounted in the corners of the room, thus saving space. The dimensions of such products are 360x815x760 mm, with a seat height of 400 mm. The most demanded toilet is a wall-mounted or in other words wall-mounted. It is used in housing with small dimensions, and their length should be mini and not exceed 54 cm.If an enlarged model is required, for example, for people with a large figure, for the elderly or for people with disabilities, then it is worth choosing designs, length which are more than 70 cm.
Wall hung toilet: dimensions with installation
Side view of toilets: almost the same, has no peculiarities, is considered standard. However, the installation of the product is carried out in various ways. It is especially worth paying attention to structures that have an installation. What is the advantage of such models? They have a narrow cistern that fits into a niche in the wall. It is not difficult to carry out the installation and you do not need to contact a specialist for large funds.
It is worth noting that installations can be of different types.:
- Frame, installation of which is carried out on a light partition or solid wall.
- Block, which is a simplified design, and its installation is done only on the wall surface.
The size of the installation system is different for each type. For mounting blocks -1140x500x180 mm. Corner structures have 1120x460x200. For wall products 1385x525x150 - 205 mm. It is not uncommon to find models of a shortened type, the parameters of which do not differ much, but they are narrower. As a rule, such structures are made by foreign manufacturers.
Installation dimensions of wide toilets and other types
According to the above data, we can conclude that the toilet bowls are produced in a variety of ways, and therefore it is not at all difficult to acquire a model that can suit all parameters. Unfortunately, such a variety is very confusing when buying and many are simply lost in what is worth buying.
What needs to be accurately measured:
- It is imperative to calculate the width of the opening, which will allow the installation and fastening of the structure to be carried out correctly. It is worth remembering that there should be 25 cm from each side of the toilet.
- It is necessary to calculate what the distance will be from the center of the toilet to the connection to the sewer pipe.
- It is necessary to measure the distance from the toilet to water pipe... It should be located as close as possible so that you do not have to use a hose that is too long for the connection.
- If a toilet bowl is being installed made of steel of a horizontal type of outlet, then from the floor to the outlet of the sewer hole must be at least 18 cm.
- For a floor-standing toilet, the height from floor to sewer outlet you need to leave at 20 cm.
Compact corner toilet
The installation processes of toilets do not require too much effort and time, if you approach the installation correctly.
Even if it is required to install an angular structure, then when choosing plumbing equipment, you must also focus on parameters such as:
- Height;
- Width;
- Depth.
On average, the height of the corner structure can vary within 75-85 cm.The standard depth of such a model is considered to be the range of 70-75 cm.The bowl can be much smaller in width than the height and depth, and, as a rule, reaches 40-45 cm.
The weight of the structure means a lot, but many believe that the corner products are not too heavy, but this opinion is far from correct. Naturally, triangular shapes help to significantly reduce the occupied space, but this does not apply to the weight of the toilet. The main advantage of such a structure is its compact size and no more. The product will occupy only one of the corners of the room, which allows you to free up the remaining squares for other devices. The originality of this type of plumbing equipment is that it perfectly complements any interior, regardless of the design decision.
Overall dimensions of the toilet (video)
Do not think that it is too difficult to buy and install a toilet bowl, since it is enough to simply delve into the installation method and how to choose a product. If it is not possible to independently figure out such a matter, then you can always contact a specialist in plumbing equipment.
Starting to create coziness and comfort in the room, you need to pay attention to the choice of plumbing items, one of which is the toilet. Dimensions, shape, color - an incomplete list of characteristics for the selection of this necessary item.
Popular types of toilet bowls
Possessing the necessary properties of comfort, toilet bowls-compacts and wall-hung toilet bowls are widely used.
Thanks to its parameters and characteristics, the compact toilet has gained great popularity. The dimensions of this type of plumbing speak for themselves. In this design, a cistern is installed on the rear shelf of the bowl. By the type of installation, toilet bowls are suspended and floor-standing. A wall-mounted toilet, which does not differ much from the floor-standing toilet, provides access to the space around and under the structure. Hanging toilets have an attractive, volumetric look.
The standard dimensions of the toilet bowl in accordance with GOST 30493-96 have a template in which the surface of the bowl is at a height from the floor level to 400 mm, the width is up to 360 mm, and the length of the entire structure is up to 605 mm. Actually, this is the main size of the toilet. The standard for European dimensions has minor differences. In the United States, these devices are popular with an increased length of 70-100 mm.
The main differences between toilets
The main differences lie in the installation method, namely, floor or suspended. The floor ones are fixed to the floor using mounting dowels. To fix the suspended structure, a block or frame installation for the toilet is required. The dimensions of the block installation are determined by the monolithic block intended for the installation of the structure. The structure is attached to the block with anchors. Inside the block there is a drain to the sewer, with which a wall-hung toilet is connected. The dimensions of the frame installation are determined by the structure manufacturer.
Toilet bowls differ in the shape of the bowl. The bowl can be with a shelf, a slope and a funnel. A funnel-shaped bowl is considered the most practical because of the water supply around the perimeter, this allows less cleaning. In turn, the shape of the bowl affects the size of the toilet bowls.
Size out of pattern
As a rule, small toilets are used in small bathrooms. In pursuit of square centimeters, such an object becomes a godsend. Small toilets are also available for children or people with disabilities. The dimensions of such a product are up to 350 mm wide, up to 590 mm long and the bowl surface height up to 335 mm. Such a toilet has a rounded shape, the elongated shape of the bowl in this design adds size and is impractical.
Large toilets are installed in case of increased load on the structure. It can serve for people with a large weight or with a large build. The load on it can be up to 500 kg.
Comfortable placement of the toilet
The thoughtful placement of the toilet will ensure maximum comfort of use. Based on the physical parameters of the person, observe a free space in front of the edge of the product of about 600 mm and a space for knees with a width of 700 mm. There should be a space of about 30 cm on each side. This will provide freedom of movement and unhindered access to the toilet. The height of the bowl should be such that a seated person feels comfortable, his feet are free to stand on the floor. If the area of \u200b\u200bthe room allows, you can place a bidet next to the toilet. There are structures combined with the bidet function, so you can save space. Bidets can be floor-standing or wall-mounted. The sizes of toilets and bidets are not much different. The external difference is so insignificant that they can be easily confused. The bidet, as a rule, does not have a lid and a wash tap is installed on the bowl.
Wall hung toilet with installation
A product without a leg supporting the bowl is called a wall-hung toilet. The dimensions of such a product vary: length - from 500 to 600 mm, width - up to 400 mm and bowl height - up to 400 mm. Sizes of wall-hung toilet bowls from different manufacturers may differ. Installation of the suspended product is carried out on anchors fixed to the load-bearing wall. Such toilets are most often used with an installation system built into the wall or hidden behind a panel, on which they are suspended. This design allows you to hide communications and saves space. The installation system is a metal frame, with the ability to adjust the height of the cistern fixed on it, and underwater pipelines. The design of such a system has an attractive look and fits harmoniously into any interior. To install a metal frame, you need a niche 500 cm wide, up to about 1200 cm high and about 25 cm deep. In such a niche, a toilet installation is installed. The dimensions of suspended plumbing structures from different manufacturers may vary. The installation system usually uses a plastic tank. The use of plastic ensures that there is no condensation on the structure. The only drawback of such a system is the limited access to the water supply system and its output to the sewer.
Water release system
An important role in the design of the toilet is played by the exhaust system through which the water is removed. The choice of a plumbing product with a release form that is not adapted to the sewerage system in the room will lead to undesirable water drainage problems and installation difficulties. There are three delivery methods - vertical, horizontal and angled. The most versatile is the horizontal exhaust system. The vertical exhaust system is used if the drainage hole is in the floor. Aligning the holes on the product and on the floor, the toilet is mounted on top. The hole sizes must match. Most often, the connection to the sewage system is carried out using a corrugated pipe. The length and turn of the branch pipe is regulated by corrugated bends. The installation distance of the toilet bowl from the sewage system should be minimal, the branch pipe should not sag. In suspended structures, the supply to the sewer is hidden. This gives the room an elegant look, which is a definite plus.
Water supply to the toilet
The variety of water supply is limited to two types - bottom or side. The water supply to the cistern from below creates less noise and has a more hidden and neat appearance. In tanks with a side supply, two openings are provided on opposite sides. After fixing the water supply hose, the second hole is closed with a decorative plug. Due to the need to provide space for the lateral water supply, the dimensions of the toilet bowl with the cistern have a more overall appearance. To reduce noise in tanks with a lateral water supply, drain fittings are used with the addition of a special discharge tube made of soft plastic or silicone. With the help of a tube, water enters the bottom of the tank. When using wall-mounted toilets, the noise level will be the lowest. There is a design without a cistern, but this model has not gained popularity.
Cistern
The part of the toilet, which is a water tank in which the flush mechanism is located, is called a flush cistern. In compact toilets, the cistern is located on the back of the bowl. Due to the simplicity of the design, this type of device is the most common. Suspended cisterns in the modern operation of plumbing products have lost their relevance, therefore, they are much less common. In installations, the tanks are built into the wall along with the metal frame on which it is located. Outwardly, such a tank looks like a flat polyethylene canister. The advantage of such a tank is the absence of condensation. Corner products and installations differ from the standard ones in the shape of the cistern. The dimensions of a toilet bowl with an angular cistern are longer, but at the same time they are harmoniously located in one of the corners of the bathroom. Due to the placement in the corner, it becomes possible to save space.
The most complex mechanism in the design of the toilet
Thanks to its functionality, the flush mechanism is the most complex element in the design of the toilet. The purpose of this mechanism begins with filling the tank with water, shutting off the water supply and draining it at the right time. The water level is determined by a float that closes the opening with a valve assembly. Substandard shut-off valves can lead to unnecessary use of water by the toilet, thus increasing the cost of consumption utilities... In compact toilets, access to the flush mechanism is through the cistern lid, made of the same material as the toilet. In suspended structures using an installation, access to the drain fittings is carried out through the water release button. Mechanisms for releasing water differ among themselves by the presence of one, two buttons or a lever. The mechanism with one button is considered more reliable. The presence of two buttons will allow economical water drainage. Modern toilets are equipped with an auger that increases the flow rate when flushing. This gives the economical flushing of water a flush efficiency at the full level.
Toilet seats. What are they like?
Comfortable fulfillment of physiological needs will provide a toilet seat. The dimensions of this part are determined by the shape and dimensions of the bowl. As a rule, a seat with a cover is included with the sanitary ware. If necessary, they can be easily replaced. Duroplast is considered the highest quality material from which this part can be made. This is the same plastic, but it looks like ceramic and has a hard surface. Unlike conventional plastic, the Duroplast seat is resistant to mechanical damage and chemicals. Plastic seats are cheap and fragile. There are seats made from wood fibers or plywood. But they are not very popular. For the youngest users, there are child seat covers that allow you to comfortably master an adult toilet. The cover can be supplied with a microlift. The microlift mechanism resembles a door closer, which gently and without clap lowers the toilet lid on the seat.
Toilet bowl material
The main material from which the toilet bowl is made is ceramics. Ceramic products can be of different qualities. The quality depends on the technology and the degree of firing. Toilets can be made of earthenware and porcelain, visually they differ little from each other. Porcelain has high mechanical strength and resistance to aggressive household chemicals... Faience contains up to 85% clay and, compared to porcelain, has a high porosity, which increases unwanted water absorption. A faience product turns yellow faster, its service life is shorter than that of a porcelain toilet. To increase the service life, earthenware products are abundantly covered with glaze. After a certain period of service, earthenware toilets become covered with small cracks. This is a natural process and is not a defect. But this process is unusual for porcelain. The cost of porcelain toilets is higher than faience. The type of ceramic does not affect the size of the toilet. Standard for finished products has the same dimensions. Modern earthenware toilets are not much inferior in quality to porcelain. Manufacturers of faience sanitary ware give a guarantee for a service life of at least 5 years.
An integral part of the interior for many years
The choice of modern sanitary ware pleases with its variety. Various sizes of toilet bowls make it possible to choose a design that will harmoniously fit into the interior of the toilet and save resources. Reliable and durable plumbing will ensure ease of use. It is easier to choose the necessary toilet design, knowing the main types, characteristics, pros and cons. The work of high-quality plumbing is usually invisible. It's hard to imagine a toilet without a toilet - a piece of design that will last for many years.
Housing remodeling worries are quite common. This topic is especially relevant for owners of their own apartments located in newly erected buildings. Their owners, before carrying out a major overhaul, have to think about a plan for the placement of sanitary appliances. The most problematic question is how to position the toilet properly?
On the relevance of norms and standards
Mostly redevelopment is the physical or visual expansion of the premises. Less often - in reducing and saving space. Problems for owners who decide to overhaul appear if the plumbing is already installed in the apartment. Dismantling it and moving it to another place is a serious procedure, for which a special permit is required. The renovation project must be approved and legalized with further entry into the technical passport of the apartment. It is impossible to start work without permission, since unknowingly it can be damaged load-bearing wall, which will lead to the destruction of the whole house. In order to avoid this when installing plumbing, there are established norms and standards in which parameters such as the height of the restrooms, the height of the ceilings and others are already prescribed at the legislative level.
Standards
The previously valid document “Sanitary-technical equipment of buildings and structures” (SNiP PI-28-75) became invalid after the introduction of a new one - “Internal sanitary-technical systems” (SNiP 3.05.01-85). The new document applies to work with hot and cold water supply, sewerage, heating, ventilation, gutters in industrial and residential buildings. Information required by residents to replace sanitary fittings is contained in this document.
Primary requirements
The standards for the distribution of plumbing, set out in the document, provide for:
- the distance from the toilet to the bidet should be 0.25 m;
- free space in front of the bathroom or shower is required - 0.70 m;
- the free space in front of the toilet should be 0.60 m;
- on the sides of the toilet, it is necessary to provide for the presence of free space - 0.25 m;
- the space near the washbasin should be 1.1 m long and 0.7 m wide;
- the shower mixer should be located at a height of 1.2 m;
- the height of the toilet should be 0.6 m.
On the variety of standards
Currently, there are numerous factories, plants and firms specializing in the manufacture of sanitary equipment. Domestic and foreign manufacturers produce their products, focusing on the standards in force in their country. Plumbing standards become internal and lose their relevance. But, nevertheless, they continue to be standards, and they should be adhered to if the owner of the apartment does not want unnecessary problems with planning or major repairs.
How to choose a toilet?
A well-maintained bathroom is an integral part of modern housing. One of the basic and obligatory elements of any toilet is the toilet. Now on the plumbing market there are many different models with their own design features. Different companies use their technologies in the production process, products are made from different materials. Products made of sanitary faience are in great demand today. When choosing a toilet, you should take into account the number of people, the size of the room in which installation is planned. The choice is also made taking into account the individual characteristics of the consumer. For large people, it is advisable to choose a tall toilet equipped with a wide bowl. For those who are slim, a narrow model would be ideal. According to the recommendations of experienced plumbers, when choosing a toilet, it is best to focus on the tallest member of the family.
"Monolith": compact model
The toilet bowl combined with the cistern is called the “Monolith”. In production, it is made using a single casting and has a solid structure, which saves space when installing equipment, despite the fact that the dimensions of monolithic toilets are identical to conventional ones. Therefore, these models are also called "compact toilet bowls":
- the height of the product can be more than 0.8 m;
- toilet bowl length - 0.7 m;
- width - 0.38 m.
Types of structures
According to the method of installing compact toilet bowls, their types differ:
- Suspended. They are equipped with separate tanks, which are installed in the wall or behind the partition. Products with this design are not mass-produced.
- Floor standing compacts are considered the most common.
According to the form of construction there are:
- oblique;
- horizontal;
- vertical.
When creating compact toilets, first of all, the physiological parameters of a person are taken into account, and then only the inventions of the designer.
Products with a microlift, a mechanism that ensure a smooth lowering of the seat, have become very popular. Such products are quite expensive.
Budget model
Among cheap compacts, economy class products should be distinguished. These are toilet bowls of the Russian manufacturer Sanita Luxe.
Those wishing to buy a high-quality, but, at the same time, inexpensive toilet bowl can opt for the Russian compact model. It costs up to 2,000 rubles. Sanita Luxe uses porcelain in the production of toilets. The products are equipped with a lid and bottom water supply to the drain tank. These toilets are distinguished by an affordable price, they are characterized by a high-quality method of fastening, a wide variety of bowls, an effective flush system and an additional anti-splash function. The formation of the cost of the model is significantly influenced by the type of toilet bowl, the material used for its manufacture, the design features inherent in the product and additional functional elements. For their price, Sanita Luxe toilets can be expensive, mid-priced and cheap.
Options
Toilet bowls manufactured by Sanita Luxe come in two versions:
- Outdoor. This is the classic version. It is installed on a special leg that smoothly goes into the bowl.
- Suspended. These products are predominantly intended for toilets with limited space. Such products are more aesthetic and elegant than floor ones. This is due to the fact that no communications are visible. The floor is not deformed during installation. As a result, space is visually freed up. Convenience when cleaning the premises is also considered an advantage.
Options
Indicators of hanging products:
- the height of the toilet bowl from the floor should be 35-40 cm;
- width 35-37 cm;
- length or depth 48-70 cm.
They are characterized by significant strength. They are capable of supporting 400 kg.
Toilets from this manufacturer contain additional elementlike a side skirt. It covers the bottom of the toilet and prevents it from getting dirty. This toilet model is ideal for rooms with an area exceeding 6 square meters. meters.
Despite all its advantages, wall-hung toilets are less popular than floor-standing ones.
Requirements for a children's toilet
Parents of children who have reached the age of four need to start teaching them how to use the toilet. It is not difficult to cope with this with the help of special attachments - a child seat, adapters, toilets and toilet circles for children.
According to GOST 30493-96 "Ceramic sanitary ware", children's toilet bowls must comply with the established standards:
- length - 405 mm;
- width - 290 mm.
Many manufacturers, creating their products, do not always strictly adhere to these standards. But, nevertheless, plumbing products for children of many manufacturers have parameters approximately corresponding to GOST:
- the baby toilet "Kid" has a length of 55 cm, a width of 28 cm, a bowl height of 325 mm, a product height of 725 mm;
- children's toilet "Bambi" has parameters 555х345х670 mm;
- children's toilet "Vershok" - 630х300х640 mm.
Toilet with a step
The main task of such a model is to provide the child with the opportunity to sit on the toilet on his own. For boys, this step allows you to write while standing. Without a step, they are not allowed to do it standard height toilet bowl. When purchasing stands, parents should pay attention to the width of the base and its coverage. This recommendation is due to the fact that a wide step is safer for the child, since the likelihood of falls is excluded. For this purpose, the developers of children's steps (stands for toilet bowls) provide a special rubberized coating that excludes any slipping. The stands are lightweight, so that the child, if necessary, can independently move them, as it suits him.
What should be the toilet for the disabled?
Special plumbing is provided for the elderly and people with disabilities. Its feature is the presence of armrests, handrails with a protective coating. They are designed to provide support for a person while standing, sitting and walking in the bathroom or toilet. It is important that the armrests have high strength, which would allow them to withstand heavy loads. They can be of three types: folding, swivel, stationary. The main thing is that a person with disabilities has enough free space and can easily use the toilet, bath or sink.
The toilet for the disabled is equipped with handrails with a folding structure. In the production of these armrests, it is used which is capable of supporting a weight of 300 kg. The height of the toilet equipped with these armrests can be higher. This size is ideal for the disabled and the elderly who have sore knees. Installation must be carried out in such a way that the top of the seat is 500 mm from the floor level. Thus, the design of the toilet is similar to that of a wheelchair. Plumbing products for the disabled are limited products and are classified as specific products. Its characteristic feature is its high cost. At the same time, production volumes are rather small. The main task of such products is so that a person with disabilities is not constrained in their actions, but can use the toilet on their own, without resorting to outside help.
The correct selection is the key to the improvement of a bathroom in an apartment - an essential component of the comfort of a modern home.
