One of the most important elements of the construction or renovation process of any structure is a high-quality moisture and corrosion protection system. The specialists of NPK Atomstroy LLC have many years of experience in the field of waterproofing; all waterproofing works are performed at a high technical level using modern technologies. After all, it is the quality of waterproofing that determines not only the durability of the house, but also the safety of the people in it.
Waterproofing - what is it?
The process of protecting a building from moisture involves the use of methods to protect walls, house foundations, basements from moisture penetration and prevent the possibility of leakage. The quality of insulation directly depends on the level of skill of the builders who are engaged in the process, on the materials and technology that is used in the process construction works... Therefore, the waterproofing of the foundation should be trusted by specialists who are highly qualified in the implementation of these works.
Do you need waterproofing?
It is believed that waterproofing a building is an unnecessary process, which can be dispensed with. it misconception... Without waterproofing, the foundation, under the negative impact of groundwater, wastewater, weakens over time, while losing its operational properties. A building without waterproofing loses its protective properties over time and gradually collapses. This process is imperceptible, but can lead to disastrous consequences. To protect the foundation and the structure as a whole, waterproofing and insulation of the foundation are required. It is waterproofing that prevents moisture from entering the building and ensures reliable long-term operation of the building.
- The waterproofing process itself can be divided into two stages:
- Preparatory work. At this stage of the insulation work, the builders choose the type of protection, the work site is cleared, the concrete seams are cleaned, the expansion joints are tamped. At this stage, the level is also calculated groundwater for better insulation.
- Directly the process of waterproofing the building.
Types of waterproofing
- involves covering the walls and foundation of the building with a multi-layer waterproof material. This view insulation is mainly used outside the building, strengthening the foundation against the negative effects of groundwater. This type of foundation strengthening is based on a single or multi-layer application of a special waterproofing material to concrete.
- Woven waterproofing of the foundation implies the use of waterproof roofing material and roll waterproofing materials for any buildings. Popular at a low price building materials and the fast speed of the work being done. The disadvantage of this protection method is that moisture can penetrate into the base at the joints of the roll strips.
- Plastering waterproofing is used, as a rule, for walls and is irrelevant for the foundation. The layer of special plaster is approximately 20 mm.
- quite an expensive process that requires high skill of builders and availability special equipment... Waterproofing works are carried out using mineral, epoxy, polyurethane and other types of bases. The waterproofing material, with the help of special equipment, under pressure penetrates into the cracks and holes of the foundation. Moisture will not be able to penetrate into the foundation with such insulation.
- Penetrating insulation - appropriate for the repair of concrete buildings, as well as for waterproofing works inside premises and basements. The material itself for the insulation process is made on the basis of sand, cement and special chemical additives. It is these additives that will prevent moisture from penetrating into the foundation and concrete. But, even if moisture managed to penetrate into the concrete, then the process of "self-healing" of concrete takes place with the help of a waterproofing material. That is, moisture does not destroy the foundation, but activates chemical actions to strengthen the structure.
Waterproofing services are performed using various types of materials such as roll, liquid, bituminous waterproofing materials. Each of the above methods of waterproofing has its own advantages, and the reliability of a particular method for a particular structure is determined by a waterproofing specialist.
Waterproofing repair
Waterproofing device
Waterproofing works produce to protect building structures from the effects of the environment and aggressive solutions. The following types of waterproofing are used in construction: plastering, painting, cement-sand, asphalt, pasting and sheet waterproofing coatings. To perform work in the underground part of buildings, impregnation, injection and sometimes backfill waterproofing are used. The types, types and sizes of materials and prefabricated parts, as well as the compositions of mixtures (mastics, emulsions, pastes, solutions), allowed for use in waterproofing works, are determined by the projects of buildings and structures. For waterproofing coatings, a wide range of waterproofing and reinforcing materials is used. The most common are bitumen and tar, mastic, concrete, roll, rubber-bitumen materials, a wide range of synthetic materials in the form of solutions, emulsions, resins, varnishes, pastes, films, sheets, as well as metal sheets and foil, special types of concretes and mortars, etc. Jute and chlorinated fabrics, fiberglass and fiberglass mesh, chopped fiberglass, asbestos, metal mesh, etc. are used as reinforcing materials.
In addition to protecting individual parts of buildings and structures (foundations, walls and floors of basements, floors of bathrooms, floors and walls of workshops with wet processes, etc.), waterproofing is also arranged in the expansion joints of insulated structures; for this, the expansion joints are filled with elastic bitumen mastic and covered in accordance with the project: metal expansion joints, profiled rubber tape, etc.
The production of waterproofing works in the open air is allowed at an outdoor temperature of at least +5 ° C and in the absence of atmospheric precipitation. During the period of work, the groundwater level must be lowered at least 0.5 m below the base of the building or structure, measures are taken to reduce the flow of water to the insulated surfaces - temporary drainages are arranged in the base, the masonry is compacted by injecting solutions into it, etc. P.; if necessary, drainage wells equipped with well pots are arranged on the insulated surface (after waterproofing the pots are filled with concrete mixture and hermetically closed with lids).
Preparation of the insulated surface includes cleaning, leveling, drying and priming for paint and coating insulation. Before applying waterproofing coatings, anchors, hoods, pipes, etc. are installed. The surface of the building structures to be insulated must be smooth and even; the insulated surfaces of brick or stone walls are leveled with a continuous cement-sand grout or plaster; the seams between precast concrete slabs must be filled with mortar; rebar protrusions are cut off, cavities and depressions are closed. A variety of mechanisms are used to level surfaces. Straight and sharp corners between adjacent surfaces of structures are rounded, sharp corners of intersecting walls are given oval shape... When preparing the insulated surface, it is necessary to process the junctions, seams and abutments, reinforce them by gluing reinforcement cloth, mesh on bitumen mastic or a special sealant. The surfaces to be insulated under most asphalt and polymer waterproofing materials must be naturally dried. Drying is also carried out using electric heaters, electric blowers, fans and other methods in which the insulated surface is not contaminated. It is forbidden to artificially dry freshly laid cement-sand screeds during the hardening of the solution. Do not dry the surface when using aqueous emulsions and pastes. Before applying paint and coating insulation, the surface is primed. To ensure reliable adhesion of the primer to the base, it is advisable to either preheat the surface or apply the primer in two layers. Conventional bitumen mastic primers consist of 1 part bitumen and 3 parts solvent; in other cases, it is recommended to use primers from an appropriate base of the waterproofing coating, but in a more liquid state.
Plaster waterproofing is a waterproof coating of insulated surfaces, applied in several layers or layers and having a thickness of 10 to 25 mm. Plastering waterproofing can be of two types - cement-sand (shotcrete and ordinary cement plaster) and asphalt. Cement-sand waterproofing is a layer of hardened and firmly adhered to the insulated surface of a solution with an increased density. Cement-sand waterproofing mortars are obtained by mixing a dosed amount of sand, Portland cement (non-shrinking or expanding) and water. For accelerated setting of the solution, ferric chloride additives are used; the ratio of ferric chloride to the mass of cement - 1:26, 1:22, 1:16. Ferric chloride activated solutions are used for waterproofing underground tanks and other buried structures. They are applied to the surface in the form of a thin-layer plaster. In the presence of hydrostatic pressure, insulation is arranged from the side of its action, and in the absence of water pressure - from the inner and outer sides of the structure. Cement-sand waterproofing is applied with a mortar pump in layers of 8-10 mm and a total thickness of 20-25 mm. The upper covering layer 5-8 mm thick is made from a solution on fine sand, followed by grouting with cement (ironing). To avoid the appearance of cracks in the plaster, it is watered with a sprayed water jet 2-3 times a day for 10-12 days. To increase the setting time, sulphate yeast mash is introduced into the mixing water in an amount of 0.2% by weight of cement.
When performing manual work, the surfaces to be isolated are divided into sections. If the sections are fenced off with beacon rails, then after removing the rails, the grooves are stamped. The thickness of the basting set by the project is achieved by layer-by-layer (layer thickness of 6-10 mm) applying the solution. When using a solution on Portland cement, each subsequent layer is applied after the end of the setting of the previous layer, but no later than in a day, and when using a solution on non-shrinking cement - no later than 30 minutes. For grouting surfaces, if necessary, apply a finishing layer of mortar (coating) 3-5 mm thick on fine sand after 12 hours when using a mortar on Portland cement and after 2 hours when using a mortar on non-shrinking cement. For reliable adhesion to the solution, the insulated surface must be clean, rough and moistened with water. The same requirements apply to the surface of each hardened layer before applying the next one. Cement-sand waterproofing can be reinforced according to the project.
For application of plaster by gunning, a cement gun is used; The cement gun is designed to apply a compressed layer of fine-grained concrete mixture and a continuous waterproofing layer using compressed air. To prepare the solution, use non-shrinking cement or Portland cement of a grade of at least 300. The sand must be clean with a moisture content of no more than 5%. Cement and sand are mixed in mortar mixers in a ratio by weight from 1: 1.5 when gunning ceilings and upper parts of walls to 1: 4 when guniting floors and lower parts of walls. Cement waterproofing is moistened: moistening should be started 8-12 hours after gunning and continue for two weeks, 2-3 times a day when using Portland cement and for three weeks when using pozzolanic Portland cement; when using a solution on non-shrinking cement, the waterproofing is moistened first one hour after gunning, and then every three hours during the day.
Asphalt waterproofing is performed in the form of a continuous coating formed by applying hot asphalt mastics or solutions or cold emulsion mastics and pastes to the insulated surface.
Hot plastering asphalt insulation is a waterproof, plastic and high-strength coating of several batches or layers of asphalt plaster, applied to vertical surfaces by plastering, and on horizontal surfaces by pouring in a heated state at a temperature of 160-190 ° C. Hot asphalt plasters acquire waterproofing properties immediately after cooling. Hot asphalt insulation is made from mixtures of the highest viscosity, which allows them to be applied not only on horizontal but also on inclined surfaces. The insulated surfaces are divided into grabs and tiers. Conjugation of grips and tiers in each layer should be overlapped by a width of at least 200 mm, and in adjacent layers - in a split. Hot mastic is applied in layers of 5-7 mm; the total thickness of the asphalt plaster for the project is usually taken equal to 10-20 mm. Work is carried out in dry weather or protected from atmospheric precipitation.
Cold asphalt mastic is obtained by mixing bitumen paste with mineral powder, adding additional amount of water to the mixture, necessary to obtain the desired consistency. To obtain cold asphalt waterproofing, several layers of bitumen emulsion mastics are applied to the insulated surface. Emulsion mastics are applied in layers of 5-8 mm to a thickness of 20 mm. The joint of the previously laid strip of mastic and the one that has begun to dry with the freshly laid strip is overlapped by 15-20 cm. Each subsequent layer of mastic is applied to the previously laid one only after it has dried. Plastering works are carried out at a temperature not lower than + 15 ° С. Cast waterproofing is performed by pouring over the base and pouring into the cavity between the insulated building surface and the protective wall of hot asphalt mortar or mastic. The hot material is poured onto a horizontal surface and leveled with metal scrapers with a layer of 15-40 mm. The second layer is applied after preheating the edges of the first layer. Cast waterproofing of vertical surfaces is arranged by pouring hot mastic into the cavity between the insulated surface and the formwork or enclosing wall. The filling is carried out on tiers 20-40 cm high, the protective wall is erected from thin reinforced concrete slabs or bricks. The vertical surfaces of the underground part of buildings are sprinkled with earth as the protective wall grows. When applying hot mastic to the walls, it is necessary to ensure that there is no accumulation of water in the cavity, from the contact of which with the hot mastic it will boil and be ejected from the cavity. Thickness vertical waterproofing depends on hydrostatic pressure and is 30-60 mm. Cast waterproofing should be free from cracks, pits and delamination. If necessary, horizontal and vertical waterproofing coatings are protected with a layer of mortar.
Painting and coating waterproofing is a thin waterproof film formed on the surface by painting with hot bitumen, bitumen mastic in a hot or cold state, varnish or paints made of perchlorovinyl, epoxy, furyl and other synthetic resins. Painting waterproofing also includes surface coating by flame spraying. When installing a paint waterproofing made of bitumen and bitumen mastics, the insulated surfaces are pre-painted with bituminous primers. Primers are prepared from three parts of gasoline or white spirit and one part of bitumen (by weight) and applied with spray guns, spray guns or brushes. Paint insulation is applied with a layer of 0.2-0.8 mm, coating insulation - with a layer of 2-4 mm. Painting and coating waterproofing cracks during deformation, settlement and vibration of structures, therefore they are not used for crack-unstable structures, as well as in buildings and structures where the settlement has not yet ended. When installing paint waterproofing, hot and cold bituminous mastics are applied to the insulated surface using a bitumen control unit. To apply cold bitumen mastics, electric spray guns, hand spray guns and spray guns are also used. Painting with varnishes and enamels made of synthetic resins (perchlorovinyl, etc.) is performed on pre-primed surfaces. To do this, use special factory-made primers or primers made of the same resin and varnish as the insulation, diluted with an appropriate solvent. Primers are usually applied in two layers. The number of layers of enamel and varnish is indicated in the project. Perchlorovinyl compounds must have a temperature not lower than +15 ° С. Primer, enamel and varnish are applied with intermediate drying of each layer: the drying time for each layer of primers is at least 2-3 hours (depending on the air temperature). For the same amount of time each layer of enamel or varnish is dried at a temperature of 15-20 ° C.
The paint and coating layers are applied in 2-3 steps to cover all the missing places of the lower layers. The total thickness of the coating depends on the materials used and is 2-4 mm when applying hot bitumen, sand and mastics, and 0.8-1.5 mm for liquefied bitumen, 1.5-3 mm for bitumen pastes, bitumen emulsions, varnishes and paints - 0.5-1.5 mm. Over the paint (coating) insulation applied to the underground parts of buildings and structures, they arrange protection in the form of clay locks or a plaster layer of hydrophobic soils. The prepared clay mass is layered in layers with tamping in the formwork, which is removed as the pits sinuses are backfilled with soil. Hydrophobized soils are a mixture of sand or loam with petroleum bitumen dissolved in green oil; such compositions are applied to insulated surfaces with a layer of 10-15 mm like ordinary plaster.
The gluing waterproofing is a continuous waterproof carpet made by sticking on the insulated surface of several layers of rot-resistant roll materials: roofing material, waterproofing, isol, brizol, waterproofing fabrics (cotton, linen, hemp, jute and others, impregnated with antiseptic and bitumen), glass fiber glass sheet or roll materials (PVC, polyisobutylene, etc.). For stickers, bituminous and bitumen-rubber mastics, bitumen-polymer alloys are used. Oleechnuyu waterproofing is applied to the surface from the side of the action of hydrostatic pressure or moisture. Roll materials with bituminous impregnation are glued on bituminous mastic, and with tar - on tar. The thickness of the layer of adhesive mastic for each layer of insulation is 1.5-2 mm. The number of insulation layers is specified in the project. The panels are glued to the surface from bottom to top. In each layer, each subsequent panel should overlap the previous one by at least 10-12 cm in longitudinal joints and 15-20 cm in transverse ones. Joints in adjacent layers are spaced at a distance of at least 30 cm from one another. The webs in all layers are rolled in one direction. Cross-arrangement of panels in adjacent layers is not allowed. The seams are putty with hot mastic. Additional layers of waterproofing are glued along the corners and in the places where expansion joints and embedded parts are installed. At the end of the gluing of bituminous roll materials, the surface of the waterproofing carpet is covered with a finishing protective layer hot bituminous mastic 2-2.5 mm thick and sprinkled with hot sand.
The polyisobutylene plates are rolled out before sticking, straightened and kept in this position for at least a day, cleaned from talc with a 15% solution laundry soap and warm water, and sheets of polyvinyl chloride plastic are sorted, degreased, cut out. Polyisobutylene plates are attached to the surface with glue or compounds based on bitumen mastics with a layer thickness of 1.5 mm. The edges of polyisobutylene and PVC plates are welded. Webs of films are rolled from top to bottom, overlapping the laid strip by 20-25 cm. The lower ends of the webs are welded to the projections of the waterproofing of horizontal surfaces or to strips of sheet material glued at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical surfaces. The waterproofing should be even, free from dents, air or water bags and bubbles. Loosely glued areas must be cut, dried and re-glued. Outdoor insulation works should be carried out only in the absence of atmospheric precipitation on a dry base.
Sheet waterproofing is made of steel (at least 4 mm thick) or plastic sheets, which are joined by welding. Before the waterproofing device, the steel sheets are straightened, cleaned of rust, checked for squareness. When insulating horizontal surfaces, steel sheets are installed on corners, T-bars or channel bars embedded in the supporting plate of a structure or in a protective fence. A gap of 25-30 mm is left between the sheets and the insulated surface, which is filled with a cement-sand mortar under pressure or compacted by vibration. When erecting concrete walls metal insulation is used as formwork, installed before the walls are concreted; the formwork is connected to the insulated structure using anchor ties; metal sheets and anchors are covered with two layers of anti-corrosion protection. Waterproofing of vinyl plastic sheets protects structures from aggressive influences. The plastic sheets are attached to the surface to be insulated with glue and then welded.
Moisture and water are the main factors that lead to deterioration quality characteristics structure and complete or partial destruction of the building. Moisture penetrating into the foundation, walls and roofs of houses (for example, using roofing material) contributes to the formation of defects and cracks. The surest way to avoid this is waterproofing. You will like the price for it in our store!
Why is waterproofing work important?
At various levels of the building, waterproofing is essential. Protection from the influence of water should be started from the foundation so that the building is durable and does not suffer from excessive moisture.
In general, waterproofing is an important part of any construction. Even before you start building a structure, you must think over all the details of waterproofing work. This will help you reduce construction costs and ensure best quality the buildings.
What is waterproofing?
Work on the moisture-repellent ability of the building is a guarantee of reliability. Whatever waterproofing work you need, it is best to turn to professionals about this. Today, during construction and repair, a lot of methods are used to isolate the structure from moisture. Therefore, the choice of a mixture for waterproofing should take into account the characteristics of the structure and depend on the tasks you face.
- Backfill waterproofing. Laying is carried out in waterproof fenced off layers of bulk waterproofing materials. Allows you to simultaneously produce both waterproofing and thermal insulation. The water resistance of bulk materials is average, therefore special attention should be paid to separating layers, which must have good moisture repellency.
- Cast waterproofing. Hot asphalt mortars and mastics are poured on vertical and horizontal surfaces. Such waterproofing is very durable, but the cost of materials will be significant. In addition, not everyone is able to perform such waterproofing. In order to properly perform cast waterproofing, certain skills are required.
- Plaster waterproofing. Professionals can use cold or hot insulation method. When using this waterproofing, the layer is applied no more than 2 millimeters. Waterproofing works are carried out using polymer mixtures, plaster, asphalt, waterproofing mastics and mortars. Plaster waterproofing, the price of which is significantly lower than cast, is ideal if your structure consists of reinforced concrete.
- Painting waterproofing. As well as plaster, it can be applied hot or cold. Cold epoxy-rubber and hot polymer-bitumen mixtures are applied to the surface with a thin layer of 1-2 mm. This waterproofing is best suited to protect against capillary moisture and corrosion of the structure.
Waterproofing works are a set of actions aimed at isolating premises from moisture penetration into them. In the presence of high-quality waterproofing, the service life of the object as a whole increases significantly.
| The foundation is the basis of any structure, and the durability of the building or the structure as a whole depends on its strength. During operation, the foundation is exposed to the effects of ground and rainwater, as well as snow melting water and human economic activity. All this increases the risk of destruction of the foundation, which requires its most effective waterproofing. | |
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is a mandatory procedure in most cases, and helps to protect indoor spaces the object from the penetration of moisture and dampness. Basements are most strongly affected by ground and rainwater, therefore, in the process of waterproofing them, increased requirements for the quality of work are applied. |
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The basement floor is a connecting element that unites the structure and its foundation into a single whole. Accordingly, more stringent requirements for strength and reliability are imposed on it. It can be ensured for a long time only with the use of waterproofing surfaces that provide full protection from moisture. |
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Underground parking lots. Since car parks can be exposed to sediment and groundwater, runoff from leaking sewers, water pipes it is necessary to carry out waterproofing work for the safe operation of the premises. |
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Waterproofing floors is aimed primarily at getting rid of dampness in rooms, providing protection from moisture for interior items. |
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cuts off the capillary intake of moisture by building materials, thereby reducing the risk of their destruction, reducing the level of freezing depth of the walls. |
In the process of performing waterproofing works, the specialists of GidroRemProekt Plus use only modern technologies that make it possible to reliably isolate any surface:
The use of high-quality materials, new equipment and trained employees allows us to carry out work not only efficiently, but also as quickly as possible.
Cost of waterproofing works
The formation of the price for waterproofing depends on many components:
- materials used;
- processed area;
- the complexity of the work;
- a set of equipment involved.
| Name of works | Unit rev. | Price of work per unit rev., rub. with VAT 18% * |
| Warranty for all works - 2 years! | ||
| Foundation waterproofing with bitumen-polymer emulsion ( liquid rubber) | m2 | from 1 100 rub. |
| Injection of active leaks of working (cold) concreting joints, shrinkage cracks in monolithic structures floor slabs, walls and foundation slabs | r.m. | from 4 300 rub. |
| Injecting brickwork | m2 | from 24,000 rubles. |
| Injection of expansion joints in monolithic structures of floor slabs, walls and foundation slabs | r.m; | from RUB 9,000 |
Sealing (injection) of engineering communications
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PC. |
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| Creation of an elastic curtain behind the construction of floor slabs, walls and foundation slabs by injection of acrylate gels | m2 | from RUB 29,000 |
| Waterproofing the foundation with penetrating materials | m2 | from 1 100 rub. |
| m2 | from 1 100 rub. | |
| Coating waterproofing | m2 | from 1 100 rub. |
| Waterproofing of internal and external walls of the house | m2 | from 1 100 rub. |
* These prices include the cost of materials, a set of preparatory and basic work.
As a result, in each case, the final price is calculated individually.
The waterproofing process is very important and responsible, therefore it is better to trust its implementation to professionals who are able to carry out the tasks set, efficiently, efficiently, quickly and, if possible, for an adequate fee. All this is offered by the company "HydroRemProject Plus", long time operating in the waterproofing market.
