TO the stigma is a functional element of any household and is its hallmark. Such a structure should be located at the entrance to the building and fit into the created exterior of the building. Having chosen the right material, you can build a luxurious porch to the house with your own hands. Projects, photos and construction drawings can easily be found in our review. In addition to practical functions, this structure has a decorative function. At the same time, the canopy and railings are decorated with beautiful carvings and other decorative elements.
In many buildings, the porch is part of the project and fits perfectly into the overall exterior
The porch in a private house, photos of which can be viewed on the website, is an open area with a staircase in front of the house. It can be of any shape, and also made of various materials.
A similar structure can be performed in the following variations:
- the attached type structure is more mobile.
Helpful information!To avoid skewed steps and cracks, the foundation must be installed.
Foundation: construction features for all types of porch
A solid foundation is necessary to make a porch to the house with your own hands. Projects, photos and descriptions will help create a quality foundation.
The depth of the foundation for the porch and the house must be the same, as otherwise the smaller structure may shift. The type of foundation depends on the material of the main structure. If brick or concrete is used, then the base must be reinforced.
Installation of the foundation begins with marking. They drive into the corners of the resulting rectangle, and then a trench is made along the contour. For a large visor, you will need to install additional supports. Formwork is recommended. For it, boards are used, or chipboard. It is also important to make waterproofing. In this case, the bottom of the pit is covered with roofing material. For reinforcement, bricks and a special mesh or are used. Then the concrete is poured. Each layer of mortar must be tamped with a shovel.
Helpful information!After pouring, the surface of the foundation must be leveled and covered with roofing material. The surface of the concrete pavement must not be exposed to moisture in case of rain.
Related article:
. Examples of various buildings to the house, a practical guide to the construction in a separate publication of our portal.
Do-it-yourself porch to the house: projects, photos of various types of porch
Photos that can be found on the site will help you choose the best porch design for a private house. In this case, it is worth deciding on the material for the future design. Traditional options include wood, concrete, stone and brick, or metal.
Metal structures: the nuances of the device
Metal products are assembled using electric welding. The structure is assembled from standard parts. If desired, you can use forging elements for a metal porch in a private house. The photo will allow you to choose interesting solutions.
A similar structure is mounted in several stages:
- two channels are laid in parallel at the distance of future steps. Then a corner is cut to fit the size of the steps;
- a part is cut off from the corner equal to the height between the steps. Both elements are welded in the form of the letter G;
- L-shaped parts are attached to the channel;
- then the channels are connected using corners.
Ready. Steps from any material are mounted on it. If more than three steps are provided, then the railings are mounted. A visor completes the design.
Concrete options: design features
The concrete structure assumes the continuation of the foundation in steps. In this case, reinforcement is used, which will prevent cracks. Such a structure requires additional cladding with stone or tiles.
For each step, formwork is made. The finished structure is covered with decorative material.
Helpful information!The space between the foundations of the main building and the annex is sealed with mineral wool, which ensures better stability of the structure.
Do-it-yourself wooden porch for a private house: installation features
The hand-made wooden porch to the house is popular. Projects and photos of such structures are diverse. The best material considered larch and the rest conifers... For such raw materials, special protective impregnations are required.
Installation of a wooden structure consists of the following steps:
- making a ladder includes forming a bowstring. These elements are connected to the base;
- the installation of the platform consists of mounting the shelf boards to the finished base;
- installation of steps is in progress. At the same time, treads and steps are attached with the help of self-tapping screws;
- the design of the structure is carried out using a railing and a canopy.
Helpful information!The durability of the structure depends on the correct preparation and processing of the wood. The raw materials must be well dried.
Related article:
Examples of successful verandas, a practical guide to construction in a separate publication of our portal.
Porch made of brick or stone
It is very difficult to carry out brickwork for the porch, since the brick must be laid out perfectly evenly. It is even more difficult to lay a stone porch without specific skills. The chipped edges don't fit together.
TO simple options includes the construction of a staircase made of concrete and lining it with stone or brick.
Visor options
An important addition to the extension is a canopy over the porch. The photo on the site allows you to see interesting options for this element.
The visor is created from timber, metal, plexiglass or metal pipes... Wood structures must be treated with special solutions every 2-3 years so that the wood does not deteriorate.
The visor should protrude at least half a meter beyond the area of \u200b\u200bthe main structure. Piles for the canopy supports are mounted at the stage of creating the base. The coating can be polycarbonate, plexiglass or tiles. This element must have a pitched shape.
Helpful information!Wooden structures or metal sheets can be painted in several layers.
Which porch is better: glazed or open?
A closed porch for a private house is often used. Photos of projects can be found on the Internet. Most often these are transparent structures made of metal and glass. The frame and piles are made of metal. The walls are made of glass. A roof of this design can be combined with a balcony on the second floor.
The glazed version is made with a concrete foundation, a canopy and a staircase. With the help of corners, a frame is made. In this case, the corners are attached to the installed piles.
Important!The height of the glass plate can be any, but the width cannot be taken more than 110 cm, since with large dimensions there is a high windage in the wind.
No special skills are required to create a porch. Everything assembly work are simple and can be performed independently.
Video: do-it-yourself porch for the house
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Annex to wooden house: projects, design options and nuances of installation work
To improve ease of use, it is often made closed. At the same time, glazing is one of the most popular ways to protect the interior space.
As well as for balconies and verandas in this case, three types of profiles can be used - aluminum, PVC and wood. The first two options are somewhat more popular due to their practicality and relatively low cost.
The advantages of glazing
It is worth glazing the porch not only in order to protect its internal space from rain, wind, snow and icing in winter, but also in order to somewhat increase the living area of \u200b\u200bthe house. In addition, they look much more aesthetically pleasing and more solid than open ones:
Glazing with plastic windows
The aluminum profile can be used for street stairs of absolutely any design. Photo of a glazed porch country house
Disadvantages of aluminum frames
The disadvantages of such frames include, first of all, a high degree of thermal conductivity. They are not suitable for equipping a warm porch. In addition, many models are much more expensive than plastic ones.
Photo of the glazed porch to the house. Warm verandas using this type of profile are rarely satisfied
When building a cottage, or a country house in an open area, one cannot do without. After all, this small extension protects the structure from wind, dust, rain and noise, making the entrance to the premises more comfortable and beautiful. But the modern porch serves other functions as well. It gives the architectural appearance of the mansion a complete look, and also forms the first impression of its tenants, their tastes and preferences.
Therefore, this article is devoted to the design of the extension, tips on how to make it beautiful? And examples of finished works will be demonstrated by the gallery.
Why decorate a porch
Since this building is a component of the main entrance, its design should emphasize the architecture of the mansion and its beauty. The times of similar buildings are far behind - today every owner wants to create something of his own, individual. How to decorate the porch of a house so that it stands out favorably against the rest? Let's look at the most interesting design options.
Ideas for exterior and interior porch decoration
Design features
The porch is an extension located in front of the entrance to the house. As a rule, it consists of a platform and is equipped with a small staircase with several steps. For safe use, stairs can be, and will provide protection from bad weather. All of these building components can act as decorative elements when arranging a porch in a private house.
In order to end up with registration beautiful picture, you should think about the design of the porch even at the stage of drawing up the project.
Advice: Thinking over the design of the structure, do not forget about the proportions - the larger the house, the more massive the entrance to it should be.Design and decoration of steps
This functional part of the structure can also be decorated. So for decorating the steps of the porch in the traditional style, you can use, in Russian - the beams.
Take on arms: contrasting solutions always look interesting - for example, dark steps against the background of light wall decoration.Want to surprise your guests with a design? Set fishnet. Thin steel lace gives a beautiful combination with red brick walls buildings, creating an imitation of antiquity.
Laconic and beautiful porch brick house, a photo
Timeless design classics
The characteristic features of classic design are severity, consistency, moderation of decor. Such an extension, as a rule, is equipped with a gable canopy, can be supplemented with beautiful columns, railings with rounded balusters. It can be used as facing materials for design decoration.
Annex with columns - design of the porch of a private house, photo
Porch, decorated in Russian style
Ever since the times of ancient Russia, the front entrance to a wooden hut was made beautiful and refined. The porch was decorated with carved elements, chiseled balusters, complex-shaped pillars, and various ornate patterns. Porch design today village house in the "Russian style" at the peak of popularity. Natural materials in design and handwork have always been appreciated. Therefore, a beautiful porch wooden house will become a real decoration of the facade of the building.
Beautiful carved porch to a wooden house - design in Russian style
Medieval style decoration
The current choice for today is the design of the porch in the style of the Middle Ages. The building resembles an old fortress, decorated with stone. As a decoration of the front entrance, you can use torch lamps, wrought iron lattices, rough logs.
An example of how to decorate a porch of a house - a photo of a mansion in the style of the Middle Ages
We decorate in European style
The main features of the style are regular shapes and restrained lines. In this case, the porch looks like a low neat structure, lined with natural / artificial stone, or ceramic tiles... The decoration of such an extension can be various garden figures, pots with flowers.
European design - a beautiful porch of a private house, photo
French charm in decoration
This is a kind of European design, the highlight of which is the "French window" - a glass door framed with an openwork lattice. The design will be decorated with curly elements, beautiful wicker furniture, many colors.
French design - decoration of the porch in the country, photo
Interesting ideas for exterior decoration
Decorate with flowers
Nothing will liven up and decorate an open area like flowers. They can be planted in pots or placed on either side of the entrance. If the structure is open, then it can be decorated with flower beds on both sides.
Small flower clubs at the entrance look beautiful
If the porch is not high, climbing roses, clematis, hops can be put on its fence. These plants will not only be a design element, but also create a pleasant shade in hot summer.
Columns entwined with climbing roses create a romantic atmosphere
The larger the porch, the more space for decorating it with flowers. They can be placed in beautiful pots, on forged stands, hung in openwork pots, installed around the perimeter of the fence, hung on the wall at the front door.
Textile decoration
To protect the front entrance of the mansion from the sun, beautiful curtains can be hung on the veranda. Using lightweight fabrics in the design, you will add lightness to the design.
Chalet-style veranda textile
Advice: a small beautiful rug by the front door will keep the annex clean and cozy.Porch Design Furniture
When planning your veranda, consider purchasing garden furniture. It will organically look on the patio porch, open to the terrace connected to the house. Thus, you will get a beautiful and cozy gazebo, where you can sit with the whole family for tea, breathing fresh air.
Design of a spacious playground with a cozy and beautiful seating area
Lighting
In the dark, the veranda is illuminated. Can you make your design more original with it? The design can be decorated with pendant lamps, street lights can be installed, neon lights and glowing figures will look unusual.
Beautiful lighting of the structure completely changes the design
We decorate paths and platforms
An important role in the design of the veranda is played by the adjoining area. Your guests will be pleased to walk along the beautiful neat path leading to the house. It can be paved with stone or paving stones, and decorated with flowers on the sides, planted with thuja, or installed lanterns.
A chic country house needs a porch anyway. The most the best option there will be a high porch construction, which looks very elegant and solemn. It is enough to look at the photos of such structures - and it becomes clear that this is an incredible structure. The staircase of the high porch can be made with a turn, which will give the structure an interesting appearance. It can be made completely from different materials: concrete, wood, brick. The main thing is the combination of the porch material with the material of the house.
High porch design
The construction of any structure begins with the design of the future structure. At the stage of drawing up the project, the location, materials for construction, the size of the main parts, and the slope are taken into account. It is also planned to create a canopy to protect from atmospheric precipitation and railings for support while moving up the stairs. Also, a high porch needs a fence on the upper platform, since the height is quite large and there is a risk of falling.
The porch area, as a rule, is located at the level of the first floor of a country house, and if a high porch is conceived during the construction of a house, it is high enough. The platform itself should be at least 5 cm lower than the front door, this is necessary so that in case of shrinkage of the porch or the house itself, the door does not lock.
Size calculation
On this moment there are certain construction standards that must be followed when building it. Let's start with the fact that in order to open the door you need to have additional space on the porch. This area depends on whether the entrance door is single or double. In the first case, a depth of 1.5 meters is enough, and a width is from one meter to 1 m 60 cm. The second situation implies the presence of a platform with a depth of one and a half meters and a width of at least two meters. These are the minimum parameters; in any case, they should be larger.
Another highlight is the staircase with railings. The number of steps directly depends on the height of the porch, their width should be about 30 cm, and the most comfortable height is 14-17 cm. In addition, the number of steps is always odd. The height of the railing for any porch is standard 90 cm.
An additional element of both low and high construction is a visor, its width should be greater than the porch itself, and it should close not only the platform in front of the door, but also the steps.
Variety of high porches
As mentioned earlier, a high porch can be built from almost any material. Here you should rely on the material of the house itself. But you can choose a combination of materials that echo the basic design.
Brick porch
A brick porch in a country house looks very elegant, especially if it is also decorated with other materials. It can be:
- A natural stone
- Ceramic or tile
- Porcelain stoneware
- Decorative concrete tiles
- Unusual brickwork
Regardless of how the porch is decorated, it attracts attention in any case. You can not even decorate it, but simply cover it with a layer of paint for outdoor use, as it was done in the photo. It should be noted that no processing was carried out before painting, the paint was applied directly to the masonry, which makes the facade coating the most natural. To decorate the entrance in the photo, gray paint is used, but the design is not limited to this, you can freely use any desired color, or you can zone the entrance with design in different colors.
A brick porch can have a different design, it all depends on how the country house itself is located. One of the options is the original building with a swing staircase. The steps themselves can also be refined as required by the project and imagination. It can be wood, stone or ordinary brick. They can be painted, varnished. If it is not possible, or you just do not want to be busy with the design of the steps, then you can leave them just metal - this also looks not only interesting, but also modern.
Important ! The steps must be covered with an anti-slip coating.
There are a lot of options for constructing stairs for a high porch:
Railings and a canopy are important components of a high porch, since without them the structure would be simply dangerous. There are also no boundaries or barriers to imagination - the options are different. Forged balusters and massive handrails, perfectly flat handrails, fences curved in bizarre shapes, painted in different colors: this is just a part of everything how you can design a handrail.
The canopy is also best forged, covered with the same material as the roof of the house, or something else that matches the overall background.
Wooden porch
The high wooden porch is the prototype of the fairytale porch near the boyar's tower. Such a structure looks incredibly beautiful, especially if it is decorated with carvings.
It is a little easier to build than other types, and it suits exclusively a wooden country house. The photo below shows an interesting structure that combines concrete steps with a wooden canopy. The combination of stone and wood brings a little coolness to the overall warm atmosphere of a wooden country house and gives a feeling of stability and steadiness of the structure. It is also a kind of tall building. Among other things, the structure contains columns that play the role of supports for the roof of the structure, but they are inscribed in an incredibly original way.
It looks no less interesting completely wooden structure, which is so high that in the space under it, you can safely equip a resting place, some prototype of a gazebo or a small corner with living plants. Supports can be played up with carved wood slabs, the pattern of which will cast bizarre shadows on the surrounding environment.
Railings in this version play one of the main roles. It is best to make them harmonious with the general background. If finishing with concrete or brick was used in the design of a country house, then the masonry of the railing will be very relevant, and if the porch is completely made of wood, then it is better to make the fences from the same material.
Metal porch
A metal porch can often be seen in brick and concrete country houses. This is not surprising, because it is much easier to execute it than concrete, and in terms of strength and beauty it is in no way inferior to it.
The sleek welded construction is usually complemented by a similar visor covered with suitable material... It is built mainly from shaped pipe, which greatly reduces the cost of finished work, but if the budget is unlimited, then high-quality rolled metal is used.
The platform and steps are decorated with a wooden covering or stone slabs, which gives it the most complete look. Decorating is done of various kinds paint and forged parts.
Important ! The frame of the metal porch must be covered with anti-corrosion solutions.
You can see all the beauty of such structures in the following photo gallery:
Concrete porch
A tall structure can also be made of concrete. It is worth remembering that the structure is quite massive and requires creation monolithic foundation, which is attached to the base of the house itself.
After pouring each step, they are sanded to a smooth surface in order to avoid unevenness and drops. The corners of the steps must be protected with a metal corner to protect them from spilling during operation.
It is equipped with a railing, they can be wooden or metal, decorate natural stone or porcelain stoneware. The railing is attached to the supporting supports and the base in front of the porch; it is best to install them at the stage of concrete drying so that they become one with the structure, but it is possible to attach to the finished structure using metal brackets.
In addition to the usual rectangular porch made of concrete, you can build a semicircular one, it is, of course, heavier in construction, but it looks chic and original. The main difference from the classic rectangular design is that the semicircular design is more complex.
To do this, you need to determine the center of the porch, usually the center of the front door. Semicircular steps with different radii are already drawn from it. The formwork for the foundation and the steps is made from pieces of ordinary galvanized iron, which bend perfectly and take the desired shape.
A semicircular structure is poured in the same way as a rectangular one - in layers, that is, first the bottom layer, and after it dries all the rest. The round porch is decorated with natural stone or other materials at will.
A high semicircular porch in a country house is somewhat reminiscent of the Greek style; it will catch the eyes of neighbors and arouse the interest of passers-by.
Conclusion
A high porch is not just a necessity, but a structure that indicates the refined taste of the owners of the house. If the front door is high, then this is often considered a disadvantage, but you can beat it so that it becomes the main advantage of the house if you install a high porch. And here the material no longer matters, round or rectangular - it can be anything. And in any form it will remain original.
Probably everyone knows that a porch in any house must necessarily have functionality, as well as harmoniously fit into the very exterior of the building, because it is it that is considered a visiting card. There are many different options for how best to implement the construction of a porch for a private house. All this directly depends on your taste, the chosen material and the overall budget. With all this, one can easily say that building a strong and durable porch with your own hands is quite realistic.
The front porch itself consists of a completely open area, often with a staircase in front of the entrance to the inside of the house. It can be absolutely any shape, optionally with a canopy or even without, as well as made of different materials.
In principle, the entire structure of the porch to the house can be divided into three types:
1. Affiliated;
2. Built-in;
3. Simple.
How are they different?
Simple is an ordinary platform with steps and a canopy. During the assembly of this type of porch with your own hands, the most difficult thing is to fill the foundation, since it is necessary even for a simple construction of a wooden porch.
The do-it-yourself built-in porch is initially designed in conjunction with the house, therefore it is being built thoroughly.
The attached type does not externally have any differences from the built-in version, the only thing is that it is slightly modified and slightly rebuilt. The plus is that such a do-it-yourself porch can be easily attached by a minor alteration.
Remember! For any porch, a foundation is required, it is he who prevents the slightest deformation of the steps during seasonal temperature changes.
Foundation construction for all types of porch
The most important thing is that the main foundation of the porch to the house should be similar to the foundation of the house. If this is not the case, then during the precipitation of the soil, winter frosts, your structure is simply not simply deformed. It is also possible that during the settling of the soil, your structure will move towards the house and then the porch foundation will suffer first, since it is less massive. To remedy this situation, minor repairs will not be enough and you will have to rebuild everything.
Since the glazed porch is not intended for living, and there is not any huge furniture, there is an opportunity to use an ordinary concrete pillow, which will be the very foundation.
However, when choosing concrete, some kind of brick (white, red) or facing stone, the foundation must be reinforced. The fact is that this structure exerts a much greater load on the base itself than a wooden porch to a house.
To build the foundation for the porch with your own hands, you must start directly with the markup. First, define a rectangular area of \u200b\u200bthe desired size, the main thing is not to forget that the porch itself must fit in here. Then, piles should be driven into each corner of the rectangle and then, along the contour, begin to dig a pit. Its depth should be no less than the main foundation.
Advice! You don't need to lay the foundation very deeply. Of course, the load during the displacement of the foundation will become slightly less, but it is simply impossible to avoid them completely, with the slightest soil settlement or sudden changes in temperature.
If you decide to install a visor above the porch, then you will need to install supports, the very same rectangle for the pit should be increased by another 20-30 cm on all sides, and the piles can be driven in after the end of the porch construction.
To accomplish this, it will be necessary to leave small rectangles of un-dug area (approximately 20x20, perhaps 30x30 cm) at the points where the support will be installed a little later. Then you need to drill wells at each site, it is good to install the support, drive it in as much as possible and be sure to thoroughly fill it with concrete.
In this case, formwork is very suitable, although if the soil is rocky, then in principle it is possible without it. To make it, you can use absolutely everything - chipboard, wood-laminated board and ordinary boards, which turned out to be superfluous after construction. The main thing is to remember that plywood (wood-laminated board) and chipboard are quite hygroscopic, therefore, during rains, groundwater, they will begin to creep quickly, which is why, after the concrete has hardened, it is recommended to remove the formwork.
Do not discard the remaining trims of boards, which are conifers, because the lumber of this tree has only positive features: after being completely saturated with water, they become much stronger and retain their elasticity.
Advice! If there is a strong deformation in the soil, for example, if your house is located on a slope or on a mountain, then the coniferous formwork works as a damper.
The most important and main element when building a porch foundation with your own hands is waterproofing. In order to equip it, you need to lay the bottom with roofing material in the pit, and then the entire surface inside the formwork. Reinforcement is carried out using high quality bricks, on which it is necessary to put a mesh and fix the lattice with pre-prepared pieces of reinforcement.
Similarly to this principle, the pit is filled with several layers, which include the bricks along with the mesh, and then completely filled with concrete. this design... To avoid the formation of a void, after each poured layer, tamp it thoroughly with a shovel.
Advice! To compact concrete well, it is better to purchase an electric vibration compactor, if you do not have one, then rent it.
Due to the fact that the concrete dries for about a week, you will need to immediately level the surface of the foundation and be sure to cover it with roofing material with an overlap of about 50-60 cm from each edge, you can also take a regular construction film. They will help protect the surface layer from any rain, since a large amount of water can make it quite fragile in the future, and then your foundation will simply be damaged.
If the need arises, you can cut the top off in the finished timber, then the piles will be at the same level. But try to calculate the height of the supports taking into account the entrance door, so the height difference should be about 5 cm. The lags are attached using self-tapping screws or dowels - this depends on the material of your wall.
Do-it-yourself porch to the house. Projects. A photo
Often traditional materials are used for construction:
White, red brick;
Facing stone;
Quality concrete.
Do-it-yourself wooden porch
How to make a wooden porch with your own hands? Today it is the most common building material. This is due to the fact that the tree is quite simple to manufacture and therefore it is quite easy and quick to build a porch from it with your own hands. To do this, it is enough just to have a circular saw available (you can use the most common one, but it must be with the smallest teeth - this will help a lot in cutting exactly), a special construction square and skillful hands.
Larch has long been considered the ideal material, followed by spruce and other conifers. Each of them is very durable and easy to handle. The most interesting thing is that at the end of the impregnation, the material that is made of them is practically in no way inferior to oak or some other species, which are several times harder.
It is important to remember! To work with solid elements, you will need good skill, the right tools and, most importantly, specific knowledge in this area. For example, only an experienced carpenter can determine the quality of drying oak material.
First of all, you need to make a kosougor (kosour). Since it is not very practical to make a porch to a wooden house with your own hands less than 120 cm wide, then you will need at least three beams. Best of all, if the distance between them is about half a meter, it will be much easier for you.
This approach will help to provide your porch with strength, and most importantly, the durability of a self-made structure, regardless of how often the stairs will be used and with what weight load.
You need to know this! I call a stringer a supporting beam, in which the teeth are sawn out, it is she who plays an important role inside the support. It is advisable to lay the steps only on the horizontal edges of these same teeth.
The bowstring (also called an inclined beam) must necessarily be several times thicker than the stringer itself. They are connected using cross beams. At the end, the required number of stringers is fixed between them.
You will definitely need a square to cut the edges and make even steps. The gap between the prongs, even if it is 5-6 mm, will quickly provide the steps with slight subsidence on one side and swelling on the other. Sudden changes in temperature will greatly increase the difference in the level of the steps.
It is customary to make the width of the steps to fit the size of the foot of an adult, but it is better to take it with a margin, this is about 40 cm. The height between each step (riser) does not need to be more than 20 cm.
It should be remembered that the number of steps must necessarily be odd and for this one additional edge must be provided. With four steps or more, you will need to make a railing for the porch to the house.
When glazed porch and a reliably covered staircase from moisture can do without the overhang of the steps. However, if the staircase is outside, then the overhang is simply necessary, since thanks to it, water will drip to the lower step, and not between them into the riser.
Advice! An already finished staircase should be installed according to a special principle so that the plane of the steps is slightly inclined (about 1-2 cm). This will help the water flow down instead of accumulating and forming ice.
The structure is installed directly on a previously prepared site, which is the foundation. To make your porch to the house as strong as possible, you should install the stairs exactly in the place in the foundation where the lower beam was previously laid along with the stringers. You can also use it to push through a small depression if the concrete is not completely frozen. Thus, you will get a fairly strong stop.
For the flooring in the upper landing, you can take the material that was used for the stairs. In this case, there is only one requirement: it is recommended to use the widest and longest boards that are available, and make the joints as accurate as possible. When the boards are ground to each other as much as possible, you can not be afraid of deformation, even if the whole tree begins to dry out over time.
It will take about 3 to 7 days of work to equip a wooden porch with your own hands. It all depends on the size of your site, on the stairs and, of course, on the skills of working directly with a tree, but a beginner can handle it all. The most important thing is to divide the work into stages and do everything in turn, following the recommendations and instructions.
Metal porch
How to make a metal porch? The porch, which is made of metal, has a very big plus - it is assembled in about a few hours, if you know how to use electric welding in your work. In addition, the metal structure will cost several times less if you do not buy forged elements. However, there are also disadvantages - you have to assemble a standard porch with your own hands, and therefore it will not look very beautiful and original, unlike others. If you want to make a beautiful porch with your own hands, then you can buy forged products, but they will need to wait up to 4 weeks (it all depends on the volume of your order).
Do not be upset if the budget is limited, because even a primitive metal staircase can be made very impressive and beautiful, the main thing for this is desire and imagination. For the lightest option, channels, corners and necessarily filling material are used. They can be: porcelain stoneware, wood or chipboard.
For an ordinary metal porch, you will definitely need two channels of the same length. They are attached parallel to each other at a distance equal to the size of the steps. After that, the corners are marked and cut to the same length as the steps, but at the same time adding a few centimeters around the edges to apply a weld.
In the same way, small pieces are cut from the corners and these two segments are welded with the letter "G" (the frame edge must be cut). The number of such details should be equal to the number of steps on your porch. Then they are closely welded to the channel, and in the end you get a high-quality metal skew. Similarly to this principle, another skew-angle is made using a second channel.
After all these actions, the resulting elements must be connected in pairs on the side where the corners are cut for the width of the future staircase. In this case, the contour of the steps is created, and the corner under the riser should turn over its head (thus creating a side).
Your ladder is almost complete. Now it all depends on your taste. A wooden step, attached in any way to the resulting frame, will look most beautiful. Even if you do not have a lot of experience in working with welding, assembling such a porch with your own hands, in general, will take 2-3 hours.
Concrete porch
How to make a concrete porch? This option is considered a continuation of the laid foundation, but only with the reinforcement of all the steps. This is done so that after a couple of months no chips form due to constant heavy loads. Due to the fact that it is customary to cover a porch made of concrete with special facing tiles, gradually collapsing concrete immediately forms chips, and then cracks in the facing itself.
On a prefabricated foundation, you can assemble the formwork, which will be the bottom step. In this case, it should be borne in mind that the height of the step, due to the weight load, must necessarily be 2 cm more than that of the others. Further, a similar procedure is carried out as when building a reinforced foundation for a porch. The only difference is that in this case there is no need to spare the armature.
Advice! It is recommended to close the gap formed between the two foundations with mineral wool. This will create a good expansion joint.
The formwork for the steps can be prepared in advance - this will help save time. However, it is much safer and easier to pour concrete on each step in turn, and even better if, before pouring a new step, the solution of the previous one will have time to set.
At the end, it is necessary to level the already completely frozen structure, and then cover it with any tile intended for a metal porch or with a stone.
The time spent on work directly depends on the use of the full formwork, as well as on the formation of each step in turn or all at once. On average, you will need a week to work if you do everything at once, or a week on each step to completely cure the concrete.
Porch made of brick or stone
How to make a brick or stone porch? This is probably the most difficult porch option. This is because it is much easier to work with brick foundationwhere you don't need precision, rather than laying out the stone as evenly as possible.
The brick should be laid only if there are several assistants who will thoroughly stir the concrete all this time. With a stone, everything is much more complicated, because chipped edges cannot be perfectly matched to each other. In general, if there is at least some experience in this activity and at least two people for help, then this type of porch should be abandoned right away, otherwise you will simply waste your time and all the material.
It will be much easier to make a concrete staircase, and then select a material for steps that will be of a similar size to it. After that, they should be put in one layer on a "frame" of concrete, which is pre-leveled. This method has a huge advantage, since, by making a mistake, you can easily knock off the facing of the desired area and re-finish the finish.
Building a visor
The visor is, first of all, the protection of the site and steps from various natural precipitations, as well as the ability to independently arrange the porch with your own hands in the house or in the country, beautifully and in a short time. Often it is made from durable metal pipes, for the frame itself they use coniferous trees or, in extreme cases, metal, but any wood or plexiglass is taken for cladding.
Visors made of wood will need to be tinted at least 2 times annually or treated with special agents instead, otherwise it will gradually dry out and then split longitudinally. When using plexiglass, it is better to make spans between them about 0.7 m2. It is strongly not recommended to use glass, as it can easily crack in winter during snow or due to deformation of frames.
The total area of \u200b\u200bthe visor must necessarily be more than the porch itself by half a meter, otherwise it will not be able to perform its main function - protection.
The easiest and quickest option is to make something that looks like a metal ladder. Then the distance between each step can be made about 0.5 m.In this case, you will no longer need L-shaped elements and a channel, because the load on the visor itself will be several times less and only the corners in the outer frame will be enough. But filling with wood or porcelain stoneware can be easily replaced with any other material.
When pouring the foundation, during the formation of the base, piles are necessarily installed, it is on them that the visor should be laid. In addition, this will help in the future to completely glaze the veranda in just a couple of days, if you wish.
For covering, it is better to take a metal sheet along with a tile, but it will be much more spectacular and more beautiful if you use plexiglass and polycarbonate.
Advice! To avoid the appearance of rust on the worn metal sheet, you can easily paint it with paint in several layers.
Be sure to make the visor sloped, and in the place where the lower rib will be, carefully weld a metal gutter with a slight slope. Attach an ordinary chain at the very end, which will reach the ground and thus, water will not splash during rain. Due to the fact that water has excellent viscosity and easy fluidity, it will begin to slowly flow down this chain. If you want to somehow get rid of the appearance of puddles near the porch, drain it.
How to glaze a porch yourself
The most common option is a closed porch. In this case, concrete and stone foundation together with a visor and a ladder, while always attached to the piles.
With the help of corners, which must match the height of the piles in the visor, a frame is formed. They are welded well to the piles, and then double frames of wood with glass are inserted.
Advice! The glass sheet can be absolutely any height, but the width should not be more than 120 cm, because the windage of this glass is high and even a light wind can severely damage it.
If the void between the piles is more than one meter, then break them up with pseudo piles. To do this, a corner is welded at the top and bottom to the end of the piles with a step inward, and then between them - a double corner, which will form a pseudo-pile. Similarly, you need to divide the height, which forms a horizontal beam from several double corners. This will significantly reduce the load on the glass, and the structure itself will look light and beautiful.
The most common mistakes that are made during the construction of a porch
1. Build a porch with your own hands using low-quality concrete (below grade 200). This concrete itself is quite loose, which is why it will be difficult to perform the facing, since other mixtures have much higher strength after complete drying. In this case, temperature changes can seriously damage the lining. The very foundation, which will subsequently remain open, will begin to collapse in the summer, and brick steps will collapse even faster.
2. Lack of good waterproofing. If waterproofing is not done in a timely manner in the porch to the house, then this will lead to a huge accumulation of moisture below, as a result of which, during frosts, the structure will gradually collapse. The steps will suffer the most, since they are the ones that get wet in the very first place.
3. Leveling of steps and plastering was done only a few days after the end of concreting. If there is a long break in time, then all layers will cease to hold without additional smears in the structure itself, or at best they will be, but very weakly. Do not forget that the place where the plaster adheres together with the screeds is considered the most vulnerable.
4. The foundation was erected without reinforcement at the base. If you do not have fittings, then the porch to the house will simply not be divided into two separate parts at the slightest subsidence. This will be impossible to repair.
5. The porch was attached with our own hands to the foundation of the house itself without special expansion joints. You can securely attach the porch only if the house with the porch has a joint foundation. If this is not done, then a sedimentary crack will appear right at the border of the two foundations. To avoid this, the seam of the facing brick or tile must be stirred at one border, and the gaps must be filled with silicone sealant and in no case with grout.
So, you do not need any specific skills to build a porch with your own hands. Each operation is considered basic in construction and therefore even a beginner with skillful hands can do everything.
Do-it-yourself porch to the house. Video
