The main advantage of solid fuel boilers is energy autonomy. To work, they do not need anything except the fuel itself - firewood, peat, sawdust, coal, etc. Installation of such a unit is a real way to reduce the cost of heating and hot water supply country house, summer cottages or even a small business. At the same time, you can start saving even at the stage of installation and connection, simply by doing them yourself. But for this you have to take into account that the requirements for the placement, installation and connection of solid fuel boilers differ from the setting standards for gas and electric heat generators. This means that the boiler room, the site where the equipment will be located, and the piping will have to be equipped in a special way.
Basic requirements for the boiler room
Household heat generators on solid fuel installed in separate dry rooms, annexes or separate buildings. The dimensions of the boiler room are determined by the dimensions of the unit, as well as by the features of its maintenance, however, the smallest allowable area is 7 square meters. At the same time, it is necessary to provide for a place protected from the weather for storing the fuel supply - it must be dry before loading.
If the walls of the boiler room are made of combustible materials, they must be covered with a 2.5-3 cm layer of plaster or thermal insulation in the form of an 8-mm layer of asbestos and sheet iron. If there is no fire protection of the ceiling, the distance from it to the boiler body must be at least 120 cm.
Normal operation of a solid fuel boiler is ensured by a stable air flow. Therefore, supply and exhaust ventilation must be performed in the boiler room. The first channel with dimensions of 30x30 cm should go to the lower part of the wall opposite the chimney, and the exhaust opening, the dimensions of which should be 40x40 cm, should be located no more than 40 cm from the ceiling. Boiler room ventilation must ensure normal draft. With its lack, the boiler performance decreases, and with an excess, it becomes difficult to regulate the fuel combustion process.
The solid fuel boiler should be installed on a strictly horizontal non-combustible (concrete or brick) platform about 7 cm thick. wooden floor such equipment can be installed only with the arrangement of an intermediate brick layer, covered with 3-4 mm metal sheet or not less than 5 cm cement screed... The base of the solid fuel boiler should be 10-20 cm wider than the outer dimensions of the body, but the sides of the firebox should additionally equip a safety zone with a width of at least 40 cm.
Mounting standards
The requirements for the installation of solid fuel heating boilers are regulated by the Fire Safety Standards (NPB) and the Building Norms and Rules (SNiP). It is very important to follow the provisions of these regulatory documents, since not only the efficiency of the heating system being equipped, but also the safety of the residents of your house directly depends on this.
Basic standards for the installation of solid fuel boilers:
Connecting a solid fuel boiler from various angles in the photo
What do you need to install a solid fuel boiler with your own hands?
If you are not going to attract specialists to install a solid fuel boiler, you will have to prepare yourself for work.
First of all, you need overalls and tools:
To connect the boiler to the heating system, you must additionally purchase:
The most important thing when installing a heat generator is to follow the provisions of the manufacturer's instructions. Before the beginning installation works it is necessary to assemble the heating system and check it for leaks, as well as organize ventilation and a smoke exhaust system in the boiler room.
Heating systems based on solid fuel boilers must be equipped with open expansion tanks, the function of which is to protect communications from rupture due to overheating of the coolant.
Subtleties of installing solid fuel boilers
The boiler piping scheme is adopted in accordance with the characteristics of the heated object.
It can be implemented in one of the following options:
- a boiler in an open heating system with natural circulation and radiators;
- boiler in a closed system with forced circulation and radiators;
- boiler with thermal accumulator in a closed forced system with radiators;
- a boiler with a thermal accumulator in a closed system with forced circulation and underfloor heating;
- boiler with radiators and underfloor heating as part of a forced circulation system.
The piping of a solid fuel boiler must be equipped with a security system. The latter includes:
- heat accumulator or buffer tank;
- three-way valve for mixing cold water;
- thermostat in the control system.
The safety group of a solid fuel boiler is installed at the outlet, i.e. on the hot water line.
Immediately before installing the solid fuel boiler, it is necessary to perform its visual inspection and test firing in the open air for about 1 hour with the maximum load of the combustion chamber.
According to the requirements of SNiP, after connecting the boiler, it is necessary to carry out hydraulic test systems under pressure with a holding time of 24 hours.
For this you need:
- connect water, open all taps and shutoff valves;
- raise the pressure in the system to 1.3 atm (with a control valve);
- make sure there are no leaks, especially at welded and threaded joints.
If the installation, piping and connection of the boiler are performed correctly, there will be no pressure loss and coolant leaks. In this case, you can start revising the boiler itself:
Starting the heating system for the first time
Before the boiler is fired up for the first time, the pressure in the system should be about 1 atm. Don't forget to open the chimney damper. The starting material is laid on grate, after which fuel can be loaded into the combustion chamber. After 10-15 minutes from the moment of ignition, the ignition flap should be closed. When the temperature of the coolant in the system reaches 85 ° C, the thermostat should be adjusted, and then set the minimum (about 5 cm) gap between the primary damper and the furnace door.
A private house or cottage is a boiler. The quality of the heating system as a whole depends on the quality of the heater. The installation of a heating boiler becomes an important point. Regardless of whether you invite a specialist or do the installation yourself, you need to collect the necessary documents, obtain permission and prepare schemes.
Types of heating units
On the modern market, there is a diverse number of heating units. First of all, they are divided according to the type of fuel on which they work. So they differ, heaters operating on solid and liquid fuels, induction electrical appliances, wood-burning structures. Combined heaters are also produced.
Single-circuit and double-circuit designs
Heater designs are different types... There are wall and floor heaters. Units used only in the heating system are called single-circuit.
Units intended for heating a cottage and involved in the hot water supply system are called double-circuit.
It is impossible to say unequivocally which device is better. Anyone will come in handy in a specific case, otherwise there would not be so many suggestions. When choosing a unit for your house or cottage, you must take into account its power and fuel cost. This ratio will allow you to choose the most optimal variant of the heating unit.
Single-circuit wall-mounted gas boilerGas use.
Gas is the cheapest fuel in the country at the moment. fully automated and silent. They are installed both in separate boiler rooms and in the building itself. These devices can only be installed in a frost-free room. Also, before installation, a place is provided for a pipe for removing combustion products.
Installation of wall-mounted gas equipment
A wall-mounted boiler is a unit where everything you need is placed in the body. It is clear that too powerful equipment cannot be placed in the case. Therefore, this type is used if the owner of the house does not have enough space to equip a full-fledged boiler room. The power of the device is not great.
- First, we install the chimney.
- Then we suspend the boiler to the chimney on the wall using hooks or bolts.
- We connect the boiler to the chimney.
- We combine with the main gas pipeline.
- We bring heating pipes.
- If the boiler is double-circuit, then we supply hot water pipes.
- We connect the power supply. You can start working.
Installation of floor gas equipment
- To begin with, we make a podium for the heating unit. We recommend making it out of concrete. The height of such a base is 10 - 20 centimeters.
- We put the heating unit on the podium. This is a very time consuming job. The device is very heavy. It contains cast iron heat exchanger parts. We align it with the screw feet. He shouldn't stagger.
- We connect the liquid circulation pipes. We do this consistently. In the place where the heating return branch is connected, we put a filter to retain dirt.
- We connect the boiler to the gas pipeline. We do this with a copper tube. Checking the gas pressure.
- We connect to the chimney through the pipe.
We check the operation of the device connected with our own hands.
Household floor standing cast iron gas boiler Installation conditions
When heating a cottage or a country house, you must adhere to gas equipment.
- The volume of the room for one gas appliance should be 7.5 cubic meters.
- The boiler room must have ventilation.
- If you are placing the device in a basement, then daylight must be present in it.
- The boiler room should have a door and a window.
Consider another type of boiler - induction.
Design
The unit contains several rows of pipes placed in an induction transformer. This transformer generates a magnetic field that creates an alternating current. The pipes are heating up. They heat the coolant. The design of such a device is strong and durable. The pipes are made of steel. No limescale builds up in the induction unit. Moreover, thanks to magnetic fields, the old heating system is cleared of salts. Such a unit can operate on any liquid carrier.
Such devices do not need scheduled maintenance.
The service life of an induction heater is 30 years.
Compared to electric, induction saves 1/3 of the electricity.
There are, of course, some negative points. The most important thing is that it is expensive. He has big size and weight. Installation is only possible in closed systems. It emits waves that are felt by pets, although it is harmless to humans.
Induction heating boiler Waste oil boiler
Thinking over how to install a heating boiler and which device to choose, pay attention to a boiler that runs on waste oil. This type of heat producer has gained popularity among users relatively recently. Its main advantage is that it runs on fuel that could be discharged into natural water bodies as waste. Using such a device, we become active defenders of the natural environment. The disadvantage of the device - used oil is found in the required amount only in industrial areas. Such a device is beneficial to use for heating small areas, such as a garage. But for a cottage, it is not suitable. You can install it yourself.
Waste oil boiler Wood-burning boiler installation
The wood fired heating boiler is very economical. Energy consumption when using such a device is reduced to zero. Also, the installation of this unit is much easier than its gas counterpart. We start with the chimney - we make a hole in the roof and draw a pipe on which we put a plug. A condensate drain will be placed at the bottom of this pipe. Nearby there is a branch pipe through which the chimney is cleaned. The chimney is attached to the boiler with clamps. Now we install the wood-burning unit itself with our own hands. For a more stable installation, we screw the legs of the device to the floor with self-tapping screws. Previously, asbestos insulation is placed under the wood-burning heating device. The balancing valves will regulate the heat supply to
Wood fired heating boiler Pyrolysis boilers
The so-called pyrolysis boilers run on wood fuel. However, the principle of operation is different from wood-burning. Carbon monoxide is burned in such devices. These devices are made of high-alloy stainless steel. Such in work. But there are also significant disadvantages. One load of solid fuel is enough for 5 hours. When ignited, such boilers are fire hazardous. When the fuel is burned, the resin is deposited in the chimney. The chimney is cleaned annually.
Pyrolysis heating boiler
These electrical devices are used much less frequently to heat a cottage or private house. This is due to the fact that electricity is an expensive type of fuel, and such devices will have to work 10 hours a day. But modern manufacturers learned to make more economical units. They argue that the cost of purchasing equipment and installing a gas or diesel appliance is much higher than an electric one. The installation of such boilers is mainly an additional source of heat.
When connecting such equipment with your own hands, you do not need a chimney. But close attention should be paid to the tightness of the system. Water must not get onto electrical equipment. The device must be grounded. Do not install such equipment close to a wall. It is forbidden to connect shut-off elements, valves and taps at the outlet.
Electric heating boiler Trying to make the boiler ourselves
In extreme cases, it is possible to manufacture heating boilers. What devices can you make? Of course, solid fuel boilers. But such devices are very difficult to make by hand. In addition, they are made by welding from iron pipe... It will be difficult to approach them - they are very hot.
If it becomes necessary to do it yourself, then it is better to make an induction boiler.
- A welding inverter can be used as a power source industrial production, with a capacity of slightly more than 15 amperes.
- In an electromagnetic field, pieces of steel wire 5-6 mm long will be heated.
- The base for the induction coil is made of thick-walled plastic pipe, with a diameter of 5 cm.
- A metal mesh is placed at the bottom of this pipe so that the wire does not fall through.
- Fill the pipe completely with pieces of wire.
- The adapter overlaps the upper part of the pipe
- We attach another adapter to the base of the case. The coolant will flow through it.
- Around the middle of the pipe we wind an induction coil consisting of a copper wire. You need to wind 90 turns neatly.
- A self-made unit is installed in part of the pipeline. The pipeline is broken and the device is attached between the two parts with adapters.
- The unit is connected to a power source - a welding inverter.
- The device is filled with water. Not used without water. Otherwise it will melt.
- The device must be grounded.
Thus, the induction device is ready.
Installation and installation of heating boilers is carried out in strict accordance with the passport of the device.
Even if the installation of boilers is not done by hand, but with the help of a specialist, then some practical advice, from this article will help you decide on the choice of a device for your cottage. Good luck!
To provide housing with warmth and comfort, it is best to use a solid fuel boiler, which is completely non-volatile. But full and uninterrupted operation will be ensured only if the boiler is installed correctly. At the same time, compliance with the rules is necessary not only for the efficiency of work, but also to ensure the safety of the heating system. How to install a boiler, choose the right place and find out all the nuances of installation, is described in this article.
A solid fuel boiler will allow you to get uninterrupted heat in the house, regardless of the season.
Much also depends on a competent approach to the choice of a boiler, which may differ in manufacturer and power. The last indicator must be correctly calculated taking into account the area of \u200b\u200bthe heated room.
Choosing a location for the boiler
The solid fuel boiler must be installed in a cellar or basement.
Before installing a solid fuel boiler, you should decide on the location of the device. It should be located in a separate room. This is especially true for families with small children who need to restrict access to the boiler. In this case, the boiler must be in an easily accessible place so that it can be easily loaded with fuel.
The room in which the boiler will be installed must be well ventilated, as hazardous gases can escape. The leak itself does not pose a danger, but if gas vapors are not released in time, they will begin to accumulate, causing poisoning in humans. The ventilation hole and the pipe of the coal boiler must be located on the same side of the house to avoid pressure drops that can reduce the efficiency of work and smoke into the room in strong winds.
When choosing a place, one should not forget about the circulation of the coolant, for which a deep cellar is ideal. For example, you can completely get rid of the need to use circulation pumps if the boiler is installed at a depth of more than 3 m from the level of the lowest point of the radiators. In the absence of the possibility of installing solid fuel equipment under the house, you will have to purchase a circulation pump and arrange its power supply system in case of a power outage, since the boiler does not tolerate the lack of circulation. If we compare a solid fuel heating boiler with automatic gas, diesel electrical appliances, then it can explode or deform, which means it can become completely unsuitable for further use.
The heating boiler is a source of carbon monoxide, therefore, if you install it in a residential area, you should not forget about the device of special sensors.
Chimney device
The main task of the chimney is to provide the required draft. For its correct organization, you should contact the professionals or calculate it yourself using a special program.
To create a heating chimney, you can use a simple metal pipe, sandwich pipes, brickwork or abestocement. It is recommended to use a sandwich pipe that heats up quickly, which allows the draft to quickly stabilize and not freeze. Moreover, such a pipe has a low resistance to outgoing gases and a high resistance to aggressive media. All other types of pipes are characterized by high energy losses, so their use is unprofitable. To ensure good draft in the pipe, it is necessary to maintain a high temperature. If you use non-insulated pipes, then the heat loss will be up to 40%. In addition, such pipes are fire hazardous. When heated, they are capable of setting fire to combustible materials that are nearby.
The inner pipe of the chimney-sandwich should be made of high quality stainless steel, since it is dominated by an aggressive environment.
A draft limiter should be installed in the chimney system, which is a device that opens slightly and lets air from the room into the chimney, while helping to cool the chimney and reduce draft, which is necessary when the maximum pressure in the chimney is reached. The limiter is installed just below the connection point of the heating boiler.
Features of the chimney device
They are as follows:
- a protective insert made of stainless steel is inserted from the inside of the chimney;
- holes are drilled in the chimney designed to clean the pipe from soot;
- the lower part of the pipe must be supplemented with a special condensate collector;
- part of the chimney located in the attic is additionally finished with heat-insulating materials;
- The chimney must be thoroughly cleaned once a year.
Installing a solid fuel boiler
Before starting work, you should prepare tools and materials, without which it will be impossible to install the boiler:
- cement;
- sand;
- buckets;
- sandwich pipe;
- expansion tank;
- hot water boiler;
- pumping group;
- boiler safety group.
The places chosen for installing the boiler are poured with a concrete screed, the thickness of which must be at least 70 mm, since a solid fuel heating device is very heavy. The bottom of the unit must be in close contact with the screed. If a gap is found, they will need to be eliminated. For this, they are filled with heat-resistant sealant.
Connecting a heating boiler implies the mandatory use of control elements. For example, the amount of liquid passing through the heat exchanger must be regulated by a special balancing valve, which ensures the selection of the most economical mode and maximizes the operating time of the unit with one fuel filling.
To control the temperature in the return circuit, an automatic mixing valve is installed, which works as follows: the water that passes through the radiators cools down, and when the temperature reaches a certain level, water of a higher temperature is automatically poured into the circuit at an automatic level.
In order to increase the service life of the boiler, it is necessary to ensure that the water leaving the boiler has a temperature above 55 ° C, and that the incoming water is more than 45 ° C. This will eliminate the formation of condensation on cold walls.
Before connecting a solid fuel boiler, an open-type expansion tank should be installed at the top of the heating system. Safety lines are installed between the boiler and the tank on the outlet pipe, instantly connecting the boiler and the tank.
The safety lines must never be fitted with valves and taps.
The circulation pump is installed on the return pipe in order to prevent overheating and temperature overloads during power outages.
When installing the boiler, it must be taken into account that the system must be well protected against back pressure. For this, a check valve and a siphon drainage are installed on the water supply system pipe.
Even before the start of installation work, the operability of the entire heating system in the house is checked without fail. This is done in order to completely eliminate the possible occurrence of accidents during the startup of the boiler in the future. Even if all the necessary preventive measures were taken into account and carried out, the very first start-up of a solid fuel boiler should be carried out under strict supervision, preferably by professionals.
Is it possible to economically heat a house with a solid fuel boiler? Of course, it is possible, but for this one should not only correctly select a boiler and design a heating system, but also pay special attention to the process of installing and setting up equipment.
Installing solid fuel boilers is a completely simple process and even a person who does not have certain technical skills can do it. At the same time, it is necessary to know the sequence of work, the main stages and features of each of the steps in the installation of modern solid fuel technology.
Stages of installing a solid fuel boiler
As a rule, the installation of solid fuel heating boilers is a universal process, it consists of several steps. All of them are suitable for any heating boiler, both coal-fired, pyrolysis or pellet.
- Foundation preparation;
- Arrangement of the combustion products removal system;
- Boiler (boiler) installation;
- Design and installation of pipes (radiators) of the heating system;
- Integration of an expansion tank and security devices;
- Boiler piping to ensure hot water supply to the house.
Substrate preparation is an important step in boiler installation
Before installing a solid fuel boiler, you need to take a responsible approach to the process of choosing a base - the place where all the equipment will be mounted.
It should be noted that solid fuel heat generators cannot be placed in residential premises (kitchen, bedroom, living room) - for this it is necessary to equip a separate room. An effective ventilation system is imperative - this will help prevent combustion products from entering the rooms.
Installing a solid fuel boiler with your own hands (especially when it comes to modern pyrolysis technology) is possible on a base 10-20 cm high.A special podium or a reinforced concrete screed can act as a foundation. It is additionally recommended to protect the base with a steel plate (0.6 mm thick) or asbestos material (5 mm).
Important! When choosing and equipping a place for installing a solid fuel boiler, it is also necessary to protect the place under the loading door from combustion. To do this, it will be enough to lay a sheet of metal 50x70 cm.
Chimney arrangement
One of the most important points in the installation of heating equipment and heating systems. Do-it-yourself installation of a heating boiler is impossible without a competent organization of the flue gas and combustion products removal system. The chimney is brought out into the street, and its configuration (diameter, length) is selected in full accordance with the requirements of the equipment manufacturer.
The main requirement for the chimney is to ensure good draft, removal of smoke and gases from the furnace. It must be remembered that when arranging chimneys, all joints should be treated with sealants that are resistant to high temperatures. In addition, condensate collectors and technological holes for cleaning soot should be provided in modern chimneys.
Organization and arrangement of a combustion (boiler) room
Among the main properties of the boiler room are:
- The distance from the heat generator to the walls of the room must be at least 50 cm;
- The boiler combustion chamber door is at least 1 meter away from the wall;
- It is forbidden to store flammable materials and substances in the boiler room;
- Ventilation ducts should be located at a certain distance - not lower than 40 cm from the ceiling (dimensions 40x40 cm) and not higher than 50 cm (30x30 cm) from the floor level.
Design and installation of piping systems
In most cases, before installing a heating boiler, it is imperative to calculate all the parameters of the pipelines used to supply the coolant. All calculations are based on the capacity of the unit - the length of the pipeline, the number of radiators are selected.
It should be noted that it is important to equip the entire pipeline system through which the coolant is supplied before installing the boiler - this excludes any unnecessary installation work.
Installing a boiler for a hot water system
In most cases, modern double-circuit heating boilers are mounted with their own hands in country houses. This technique will provide not only heating, but also hot water supply, thereby creating the most comfortable living conditions.
But at the same time, double-circuit boilers require the mandatory installation of a special storage tank - a boiler. Often, this type of heating equipment is sold in almost all retail outlets ready for installation - it is enough to choose the overall dimensions, volume and manufacturer.
Council. If the installation of the boiler is planned in an unheated room, then such a tank must be provided with additional thermal insulation. Such measures will help eliminate problems with heating equipment, ensure the maintenance of a constant temperature of hot water.
Expansion tank and circulation pump: installation features
In many photos and videos presented on our website, you can see that heating systems with natural circulation are supplied with special expansion tanks. Dimensions and volume are selected depending on the features and characteristics of the heating system.
If we talk about heating systems with forced circulation of the coolant, then in addition to expansion tanks, circulation pumps are also used for them. As a rule, installation is very simple - just follow the manufacturer's instructions.
Safety valve installation
In some models of solid fuel boilers (their price is often slightly lower), manufacturers do not provide a built-in heat exchanger - in this case, the mandatory connection of a safety valve is required. Such a device will help organize the safe removal of excess pressure, maintain the maximum temperature in the furnace within 110C, and the coolant - 95C.
Important! For heating systems with forced circulation of the coolant, the installation of a safety valve is a mandatory step, regardless of the characteristics of the heat generator itself.
The main advantages of installing solid fuel boilers in the house
The choice of a boiler that uses coal, wood or other similar substances as the main fuel for the heating system of a country house is a smart and thoughtful decision. This technique has just a lot of advantages, it allows you to establish not only an efficient, but also extremely affordable heating system in any cottage, regardless of size and features.
Among the main advantages of solid fuel units are:
- No need to connect to the gas main. The most important advantage of units operating on wood, coal or pellets is their complete autonomy and reliability;
- Affordable operating cost. Everything solid fuel has a cost that is several times less than the same gas. The use of waste from the woodworking industry is especially economical;
- High safety performance. In such a technique there is no high pressure and flammable products, as in the same gas;
- Reliability, long term trouble-free operation in any conditions;
- High efficiency, efficient use of fuel. Almost the entire volume of coal, firewood and pellets is burned in the furnace of the unit;
- A wide range of materials to ensure the efficient operation of the entire heating system. This versatility allows you to install units in any area;
- The possibility of using such a heat generator as a main or additional device.
Conclusion
Modern heating boilers solid fuel is the best solution to the mass of problems with heating a country house or other real estate object. A competently performed selection and installation of all elements of the heating system will help create the most comfortable atmosphere for living, eliminate various troubles with technology.
And money can be saved, because wood, coal and other solid fuels are much cheaper than gas or electricity and can be obtained in almost any area.
The use of solid fuel boilers as sources of thermal energy requires taking into account some differences in their installation and operation, in comparison with electric and gas counterparts. Let's consider in this article the basic principles of installing these devices.
Even at the acquisition stage heating appliances the question arises as to whether it is possible to install the boiler on our own.
There can be at least three reasons for making a decision in favor of installing a boiler with your own hands:
- Even a person who has not previously encountered such work, but who has some technical skills, can independently install a solid fuel boiler.
- The device of a boiler room operating on wood, coal or pellets is allowed without the approval procedure in the supervisory authorities. It is enough to call specialists after the end of the work - for inspection and registration.
- The last reason (perhaps even the first) is the considerable savings in money and confidence in the quality of the work performed.
Installation of solid fuel boilers has certain features inherent in this type of equipment. The entire boiler installation process is conventionally divided into several stages.
The first stage is the organization of the boiler room, ventilation and chimney
Solid fuel boilers must not be placed in living rooms (living room, bedroom, kitchen), for this a separate room is organized inside the house or outside in the form of an extension. The dimensions of the boiler room should ensure the location of all devices and access to them during maintenance, the smallest allowable area is 7 sq. m. There is also a place for storing fuel, which must be dry before laying. Walls made of combustible materials are protected with plaster 25-30 mm thick or 8 mm thick with asbestos covered with iron sheet. The height of the boiler room is taken such that after the installation of the heating unit from its top to the unprotected ceiling there is at least 120 cm.
Normal combustion is ensured by a constant flow of air, which is performed by arranging ventilation openings. One of them (supply), at least 10x10 cm in size, is placed at the bottom of the wall opposite the chimney. The upper ventilation duct is located under the ceiling - the higher the better.
The system for removing gaseous combustion products must provide optimal traction. Excessive force makes it difficult to adjust the combustion process, and insufficient draft reduces the boiler's performance, increases the risk of carbon monoxide gases entering the room and freezing of the chimney. There are various designs of these systems - brick, coaxial, in any of them it is necessary to install a draft limiter or at least a manual shutter.
The boiler is installed on a fireproof platform - concrete, brick. Installation on a wooden floor is possible only through a fire retardant layer of a laid out row of bricks covered with a metal sheet or cement screed. The base is made 10-20 cm wider than the boiler from the sides and back, and in front of the firebox, the protected area should be 40 cm or more.
Second stage - connection to the heating circuit
The heating system with a solid fuel boiler is equipped with expansion tank open type. The process of burning wood or coal is long-lasting, therefore, even if the air supply is completely cut off (which is the only way of automatic regulation), the water temperature will drop only after a while.
In open tanks, the coolant expands freely, and with significant overheating it simply drains, as a result of which the pressure in the system itself does not increase. In the line approaching the expander, it is not allowed to install any locking devices, and the pipe size must ensure a high throughput, for example - for a boiler of 30 kW, a pipe with a diameter of 25 mm is suitable.
In a closed heating system, solid fuel boilers, specially designed for this, can be used, which is displayed by the manufacturer. The device of such devices is designed for increased pressure, and the design provides for special schemes for absorbing heat surpluses - built-in heat exchangers or something like that. In a closed system, a safety valve is installed, located on the outlet manifold and activated at a pressure of no more than 0.15 MPa.
The first meter of both the outlet of the hot coolant and the return line is made from steel pipes... The entire heating system is designed with the minimum possible number of any turns and bends. To ensure the natural circulation of water in the event of a power failure, the pump cuts into a parallel line. Another method of protection is the implementation of a second (spare) circuit that removes heat in case of emergency, for example, it can be a storage device for hot water supply.
The final stage is the start-up of the boiler - the first heating, which includes the operations of setting up various units of the apparatus.
We will tell you how to install a solid fuel boiler on our own in the next article, which will be devoted to practical points, and also in it you will find tips on what to pay attention to during installation, as well as how to set up and check the boiler yourself at the first start.
Vadim Kirkin, rmnt.ru
